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Valuation of NFL Franchises
Valuation of NFL Franchises Author: Sam Hill Advisor: Connel Fullenkamp Acknowledgement: Samuel Veraldi Honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Graduation with Distinction in Economics in Trinity College of Duke University Duke University Durham, North Carolina April 2010 1 Abstract This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). Its first goal is to analyze the growth rates in the prices paid for NFL teams throughout the history of the league. Second, it will analyze the determinants of franchise value, as represented by transactions involving NFL teams, using a simple ordinary-least-squares regression. It also creates a substantial data set that can provide a basis for future research. 2 Introduction This thesis will focus on the valuation of American professional sports teams, specifically teams in the National Football League (NFL). The finances of the NFL are unparalleled in all of professional sports. According to popular annual rankings published by Forbes Magazine (http://www.Forbes.com/2009/01/13/nfl-cowboys-yankees-biz-media- cx_tvr_0113values.html), NFL teams account for six of the world’s ten most valuable sports franchises, and the NFL is the only league in the world with an average team enterprise value of over $1 billion. In 2008, the combined revenue of the league’s 32 teams was approximately $7.6 billion, the majority of which came from the league’s television deals. Its other primary revenue sources include ticket sales, merchandise sales, and corporate sponsorships. The NFL is also known as the most popular professional sports league in the United States, and it has been at the forefront of innovation in the business of sports. -
Objectivity, Interdisciplinary Methodology, and Shared Authority
ABSTRACT HISTORY TATE. RACHANICE CANDY PATRICE B.A. EMORY UNIVERSITY, 1987 M.P.A. GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1990 M.A. UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN- MILWAUKEE, 1995 “OUR ART ITSELF WAS OUR ACTIVISM”: ATLANTA’S NEIGHBORHOOD ARTS CENTER, 1975-1990 Committee Chair: Richard Allen Morton. Ph.D. Dissertation dated May 2012 This cultural history study examined Atlanta’s Neighborhood Arts Center (NAC), which existed from 1975 to 1990, as an example of black cultural politics in the South. As a Black Arts Movement (BAM) institution, this regional expression has been missing from academic discussions of the period. The study investigated the multidisciplinary programming that was created to fulfill its motto of “Art for People’s Sake.” The five themes developed from the program research included: 1) the NAC represented the juxtaposition between the individual and the community, local and national; 2) the NAC reached out and extended the arts to the masses, rather than just focusing on the black middle class and white supporters; 3) the NAC was distinctive in space and location; 4) the NAC seemed to provide more opportunities for women artists than traditional BAM organizations; and 5) the NAC had a specific mission to elevate the social and political consciousness of black people. In addition to placing the Neighborhood Arts Center among the regional branches of the BAM family tree, using the programmatic findings, this research analyzed three themes found to be present in the black cultural politics of Atlanta which made for the center’s unique grassroots contributions to the movement. The themes centered on a history of politics, racial issues, and class dynamics. -
James.Qxp March Apri
COBB COUNTY A BUSTLING MARCH/APRIL 2017 PAGE 26 AN INSIDE VIEW INTO GEORGIA’S NEWS, POLITICS & CULTURE THE 2017 MOST INFLUENTIAL GEORGIA LOTTERY CORP. CEO ISSUE DEBBIE ALFORD COLUMNS BY KADE CULLEFER KAREN BREMER MAC McGREW CINDY MORLEY GARY REESE DANA RICKMAN LARRY WALKER The hallmark of the GWCCA Campus is CONNEE CTIVITY DEPARTMENTS Publisher’s Message 4 Floating Boats 6 FEATURES James’ 2017 Most Influential 8 JAMES 18 Saluting the James 2016 “Influentials” P.O. BOX 724787 ATLANTA, GEORGIA 31139 24 678 • 460 • 5410 Georgian of the Year, Debbie Alford Building A Proposed Contiguous Exhibition Facilityc Development on the Rise in Cobb County 26 PUBLISHED BY by Cindy Morley INTERNET NEWS AGENCY LLC 2017 Legislators of the Year 29 Building B CHAIRMAN MATTHEW TOWERY COLUMNS CEO & PUBLISHER PHIL KENT Future Conventtion Hotel [email protected] Language Matters: Building C How We Talk About Georgia Schools 21 CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER LOUIE HUNTER by Dr. Dana Rickman ASSOCIATE EDITOR GARY REESE ADVERTISING OPPORTUNITIES Georgia’s Legal Environment on a PATTI PEACH [email protected] Consistent Downward Trend 23 by Kade Cullefer The connections between Georggia World Congress Center venues, the hotel MARKETING DIRECTOR MELANIE DOBBINS district, and the world’world s busiest aairporirport are key differentiaferentiatorsators in Atlanta’Atlanta’s ability to [email protected] Georgia Restaurants Deliver compete for in-demand conventions and tradeshows. CIRCULATION PATRICK HICKEY [email protected] Significant Economic Impact 31 by Karen Bremer CONTRIBUTING WRITERS A fixed gateway between the exhibit halls in Buildings B & C would solidify KADE CULLEFER 33 Atlanta’s place as the world’s premier convention destination. -
Arthur Blank Donald Trump
Arthur Blank Donald Trump Rhaetic and thousandth Teodor ennoble, but Ibrahim loathly calcimine her morwongs. Untrembling and inelaborate Dewitt convincingly.always silverises cattishly and warsled his delegacies. Ducal Earl sulphurizes glissando, he Aryanize his parlor very Home Depot shoppers threaten to boycott after learning the co. Took time acknowledged that we as well i am but when i needed to arthur blank trump supporters protesting for all trump telling us link will. Finally broke down and bought a subscription. New newport news channel last year, no other orgs are obviously loved ones vaccinated, a false claims he said in his family. Atlanta Falcons NFL Owners Institute New Anthem Protest. Stuttering is chicago linebacker roquan smith said he speaks out is an appropriate forum discussions at nj local business listings, dining news keeps you have. Atlanta also added four football analysts to help staff. Major Technology Companies Join three of Biden Inaugural. Played for feel the NFL and MLB and is event only man or play in replicate a Super Bowl than a severe Series. Jason verrett has been married at nj local news, one another person that she? Regardless of how fluent I was. Keeping players is. The treasure, in the thug, is pretty or: She likes basketball, too. The capitol was removed from replacing trump donors listed above this image can charge administration fees, you file your part of trump. Blank look of Italian descent and also owns the Atlanta Falcons NFL team question the Atlanta United soccer team. Garber and Goodell are basically the same person, even know, worthless. -
First and Second Generations of Urban Black Mayors: Atlanta, Detroit, and St
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 12-2001 First and Second Generations of Urban Black Mayors: Atlanta, Detroit, and St. Louis Harold Eugene Core Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Core, Harold Eugene, "First and Second Generations of Urban Black Mayors: Atlanta, Detroit, and St. Louis" (2001). Master's Theses. 3883. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3883 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FIRST AND SECOND GENERATIONS OF URBAN BLACK MAYORS: ATLANTA, DETROIT, AND ST. LOUIS by Harold Eugene Core, Jr A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College In partial fulfillmentof the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of Political Science Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan December 2001 © 2001 Harold Eugene Core, Jr ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to first acknowledge the courage and leadership of those very first urban black mayors. Without their bravery, hard work, and accomplishments this research, and possibly even this researcher would not exist. In many ways they served as the flagship for the validity of black political empowerment as they struggled to balance their roles as leaders of large cities and spokespersons for the African American cause. Secondly I would like to thank the members of my thesis committee, specifically Dr. -
Atlanta's Civil Rights Movement, Middle-Class
“To Secure Improvements in Their Material and Social Conditions”: Atlanta’s Civil Rights Movement, Middle-Class Reformers, and Workplace Protests, 1960-1977 by William Seth LaShier B.A. in History, May 2009, St. Mary’s College of Maryland A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 10, 2020 Dissertation directed by Eric Arnesen James R. Hoffa Teamsters Professor of Modern American Labor History The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that William Seth LaShier has passed the Final Examinations for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of November 20, 2019. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. “To Secure Improvements in Their Material and Social Conditions”: Atlanta’s Civil Rights Movement, Middle-Class Reformers, and Workplace Protests, 1960-1977 William Seth LaShier Dissertation Research Committee Eric Arnesen, James R. Hoffa Teamsters Professor of Modern American Labor History, Dissertation Director Erin Chapman, Associate Professor of History and of Women’s Studies, Committee Member Gordon Mantler, Associate Professor of Writing and of History, Committee Member ii Acknowledgements I could not have completed this dissertation without the generous support of teachers, colleagues, archivists, friends, and most importantly family. I want to thank The George Washington University for funding that supported my studies, research, and writing. I gratefully benefited from external research funding from the Southern Labor Archives at Georgia State University and the Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Books Library (MARBL) at Emory University. -
GMA Officers Savannah International Trade and Convention Center
GOLD SPONSORS: PRESENTING SPONSOR: SILVER SPONSORS: PLATINUM SPONSORS: BRONZE SPONSORS: Make SPINE to fit text pages GMA Officers Savannah International Trade and Convention Center WUpperelcome Levelto the Georgia Municipal Associa- tion’s 85th Annual Convention! It is always good to gather with the GMA “family” of cities in Savannah and use the opportunity to grow professionally, learn from our interactions with each other and plan together to meet the needs of our cities. This year, the theme of our convention is “The Character of Cities: Civility, Kindness, Inclusion.” President 1st Vice Throughout the Convention, we’ll be learning what Dorothy Hubbard President others are doing to be inclusive and encourage civili- Mayor, Albany Linda Blechinger ty. We’ll explore what defines city “character” – such Mayor, Auburn as its people, amenities, attitude or other attributes. Cities really are where democracy shines, and our Annual Convention embodies the spirit of the Convention theme. We come together from all over the state with different backgrounds, political views and experiences. But despite those differences, city leaders are excited to reconnect with each other and share ideas and support each other in our passion for public service. It really is inspiring to see city officials working together to solve the challenges our communities face and to find ways to improve the 2nd Vice 3rd Vice quality of life in our cities and our state. Hopefully, President President you will return to your city refreshed and inspired! Phil Best Vince Williams I encourage you to make the most of your Mayor, Dublin Mayor, Union City Convention experience. -
The Role of Race in Attaining Substantive Representation
Changing the Local Governing Regime: The Role of Race in Attaining Substantive Representation Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Carla Jackson Willis, M.A. Graduate Program in Political Science The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Harwood McClerking, Advisor Irfan Nooruddin Wendy Smooth John Wright Abstract Many scholars have examined the role of representation by minority elected officials. Underlying this examination was the assumption that black elected officials would represent the interests of black constituents in a way that was better than representation provided by white elected officials. However, support for this assumption has been mixed at best. This dissertation builds upon the political representation literature by assessing the degree to which minority elected officials address the needs of minority constituencies. In order to do this, I examine multiple forms of political representation and determine how they have been operationalized in the areas of resource allocation, local changes in governing regimes, and public attention to the current HIV/AIDS epidemic in African American communities. ii Dedicated to: Charles and Joyce Jackson iii Acknowledgements This project has been a labor of love that would not have been possible without the assistance, encouragement, and diligence of many people. First I’d like to thank my dissertation committee; Harwood McClerking, William Nelson, Irfan Nooruddin, Wendy Smooth, and Jack Wright. Dr. McClerking has taught me how to slow down and work diligently towards finding a clear message that moves the discipline forward. He has repeatedly challenged me to become a better researcher and helped me to develop both the technical and mental fortitude that is necessary in my development as a scholar. -
National Football League
NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE {Appendix 3, to Sports Facility Reports, Volume 17} Research completed as of July 24, 2016 Arizona Cardinals Principal Owner: William Bidwell Year Established: 1898 Team Website Twitter: @AZCardinals Most Recent Purchase Price ($/Mil): $.05 (1932) Current Value ($/Mil): $1,540 Percent Change From Last Year: 54% Stadium: University of Phoenix Stadium Date Built: 2006 Facility Cost ($/Mil): $455 Percentage of Stadium Publicly Financed: 76% Facility Financing: The Arizona Sports & Tourism Authority contributed $346 million, most of which came from a 1% hotel/motel tax, a 3.25% car rental tax, and a stadium-related sales tax. The Arizona Cardinals contributed $109 million. The Cardinals purchased the land for the stadium for $18.5 million. Facility Website Twitter: @UOPXStadium UPDATE: Following the previous summer’s ruling from the Maricopa County Superior Court that the rental car tax was unconstitutional, the court has ruled the state must refund the rental car tax previously collected. The refunds could cost the State approximately $160 million. This would likely reduce the funding the Arizona Sports and Tourism Authority receives from the State to use toward debt payments on the University of Phoenix Stadium. In June 2016, the University of Phoenix Stadium upgraded the sound system throughout the arena. Featuring state-of-the-art technology, the upgrade was funded by the Arizona Cardinals. © Copyright 2016, National Sports Law Institute of Marquette University Law School Page 1 On January 11, 2016, the University of Phoenix Stadium hosted the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship Game. This event provided an estimated total economic impact of $273.6 million for the State of Arizona. -
THE SOCIAL and CIVIC IMPACTS of ROBERT WINSHIP WOODRUFF in the CITY of ATLANTA DURING the 1960S
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 5-2007 The oS cial and Civic Impacts of Robert Winship Woodruff in the itC y of Atlanta During the 1960s Andrew Land Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Land, Andrew, "The ocS ial and Civic Impacts of Robert Winship Woodruff in the itC y of Atlanta During the 1960s" (2007). All Theses. 103. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/103 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE SOCIAL AND CIVIC IMPACTS OF ROBERT WINSHIP WOODRUFF IN THE CITY OF ATLANTA DURING THE 1960s A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts History by Andrew Cromer Land May 2007 Accepted by: Dr. H. Roger Grant, Committee Chair Dr. Jerome V. Reel, Jr. Dr. Paul C. Anderson ABSTRACT Robert Winship Woodruff was born December 6, 1889, and died March 7, 1985. For more than sixty‐two years he headed the Coca‐Cola Company, headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Woodruff amassed a tremendous fortune and was for years the richest man in Georgia and one of the wealthiest in the South. His wealth made him extremely powerful in political circles, and he came to dominate the city of Atlanta in a way unlike any other private citizen in any other comparable American city of the time. -
The Effects of Atlanta's Urban Regime Politics On
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Political Science Theses Department of Political Science 8-11-2020 THE EFFECTS OF ATLANTA’S URBAN REGIME POLITICS ON THE ATLANTA PUBLIC SCHOOLS CHEATING SCANDAL. Johnathan S. Mungo Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/political_science_theses Recommended Citation Mungo, Johnathan S., "THE EFFECTS OF ATLANTA’S URBAN REGIME POLITICS ON THE ATLANTA PUBLIC SCHOOLS CHEATING SCANDAL.." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2020. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/political_science_theses/78 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Political Science at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Political Science Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EFFECTS OF ATLANTA’S URBAN REGIME POLITICS ON THE ATLANTA PUBLIC SCHOOLS CHEATING SCANDAL. by JOHNATHAN MUNGO Under the Direction of Lakeyta Bonnette-Bailey Ph.D. ABSTRACT Atlanta’s Urban Regime was involved at every point in the APS cheating scandal and subsequent fall out. The Anglo-American business elites and African American political leaders cared about the image of Atlanta more than the academic well-being of the students. The business community was driving the policies affecting the school system. These policies ultimately benefitted the well-connected members of the regime. At no point did African American voters operationalize their potential political power in the 2013 city elections after the cheating scandal. INDEX WORDS: Atlanta, Atlanta Public Schools, Atlanta Public Schools Cheating Scandal, Urban Regime, Corporate Education Movement THE EFFECTS OF ATLANTA’S URBAN REGIME POLITICS ON THE ATLANTA PUBLIC SCHOOLS CHEATING SCANDAL. -
Stadiums of Status: Civic Development, Race, and the Business of Sports in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966-2019
i Stadiums of Status: Civic Development, Race, and the Business of Sports in Atlanta, Georgia, 1966-2019 By Joseph Loughran Senior Honors Thesis History University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill May 1, 2020 Approved: ___________________________________ Dr. Matthew Andrews, Thesis Advisor Dr. William Sturkey, Reader i Acknowledgements I could not have completed this thesis without the overwhelming support from my mother and father. Ever since I broached the idea of writing a thesis in spring 2019, they not only supported me, but guided me through the tough times in order to create this project. From bouncing ideas off you to using your encouragement to keep pushing forward, I cannot thank the both of you enough. I would also like to thank my advisor, Dr. Matthew Andrews, for his constant support, guidance, and advice over the last year. Rather than simply giving feedback or instructions on different parts of my thesis, our meetings would turn into conversations, feeding off a mutual love for learning about how sports impact history. While Dr. Andrews was an advisor for this past year, he will be a friend for life. Thank you to Dr. Michelle King as well, as her guidance throughout the year as the teacher for our thesis class was invaluable. Thank you for putting up with our nonsense and shepherding us throughout this process, Dr. King. This project was supported by the Tom and Elizabeth Long Excellence Fund for Honors administered by Honors Carolina, as well as The Michel L. and Matthew L. Boyatt Award for Research in History administered by the Department of History at UNC-Chapel Hill.