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Manual on the Development of Cleaner Production Policies— Approaches and Instruments

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Manual on the Development of Cleaner Production Policies— Approaches and Instruments Manual on the Development of Cleaner Production Policies— Approaches and Instruments Guidelines for National Cleaner Production Centres and Programmes Vienna, October 2002 UNIDO CP Programme prepared by: Mr. Pawel Kazmierczyk (UNIDO CP Policy Consultant) under the direction of Ms. Mayra Regina Sanchez Osuna and Ms. Petra Schwager-Quijano Cleaner Production and Environmental Management Branch Programme Development and Technical Cooperation Division, UNIDO Table of Contents: BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................1 MODULE 1: INTRODUCING CP.................................................................................................... 5 SLIDE: EVOLUTION OF APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ..............................................6 SLIDE: KEY DATES ...........................................................................................................................8 SLIDE: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.............................................................................................10 SLIDE: CP AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ...............................................................11 SLIDE: WHAT IS CLEANER PRODUCTION ? .....................................................................................12 SLIDE: WHAT IS CLEANER PRODUCTION/2?...................................................................................12 SLIDE: CP FOR PRODUCTION PROCESSES........................................................................................13 SLIDE: CP FOR PRODUCTS..............................................................................................................13 SLIDE: CP FOR SERVICES ...............................................................................................................14 SLIDE: CP AS A FOUR-IN-ONE TOOL ...............................................................................................15 SLIDE: BASIC SCHEME OF A CP PROJECT........................................................................................17 SLIDE: EXAMPLES OF CP OPPORTUNITIES ......................................................................................17 SLIDE: WHY IS CP BENEFICIAL FOR INDUSTRY? ............................................................................18 SLIDE: OTHER RELATED CONCEPTS................................................................................................19 SLIDE: OTHER RELATED CONCEPTS/2.............................................................................................19 SLIDE: CP—THREE COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS ............................................................................21 SLIDE: CP—THREE COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS/2 .........................................................................22 SLIDE: GLOBAL NETWORK OF UNIDO/UNEP NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION CENTRES ........23 SLIDE: EXISTING CP CENTRES IN LATIN AMERICA ........................................................................23 SLIDE: CP PROGRAMMES IN LATIN AMERICA................................................................................24 SLIDE: CP POLICY PROGRESS IN LATIN AMERICA ..........................................................................25 SLIDE: CP POLICY PROGRESS IN LATIN AMERICA/2 .......................................................................26 MODULE 2: BASICS OF A NATIONAL CLEANER PRODUCTION POLICY ..................... 27 SLIDE: WHAT IS A POLICY? ............................................................................................................28 SLIDE: POLICY-MAKING—TWO MEANINGS ....................................................................................29 SLIDE: “POLICY” VERSUS “LEGISLATION”......................................................................................29 SLIDE: POLICY DEVELOPMENT: BASIC TERMS ................................................................................30 SLIDE: POLICY DEVELOPMENT: BASIC TERMS/2 .............................................................................30 SLIDE: POLICY DEVELOPMENT—HIERARCHY.................................................................................35 SLIDE: THE OBJECTIVES OF A CP POLICY .......................................................................................35 SLIDE: WHY HAVE A CP POLICY? ..................................................................................................36 SLIDE: POLICY INTEGRATION .........................................................................................................37 SLIDE: TYPICAL POLICIES OF RELEVANCE TO CP............................................................................39 SLIDE: INSERTION POINTS FOR CP IN SECTORAL POLICIES..............................................................39 SLIDE: INSERTION POINTS FOR CP IN SECTORAL POLICIES/2 ..........................................................40 SLIDE: HOW CPCS CAN BE INVOLVED IN POLICY-MAKING.............................................................42 SLIDE: EXAMPLES OF CP-RELATED EVENTS...................................................................................43 MODULE 3: CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT CYCLE................................................................. 46 SLIDE: GENERAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT CYCLE ............................................................................47 SLIDE: POLICY-MAKING: GENERAL OBSERVATIONS .......................................................................49 SLIDE: BASIC CONDITIONS FOR CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT ............................................................50 SLIDE: SPECIFIC STEPS IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT...........................................................................51 SLIDE: SPECIFIC STEPS IN POLICY DEVELOPMENT/2........................................................................52 SLIDE: STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................53 SLIDE: STAKEHOLDERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS......................................................................54 SLIDE: CP AWARENESS-RAISING AMONG POLICY MAKERS.............................................................56 SLIDE: SETTING UP A HIGH-LEVEL STEERING COMMITTEE .............................................................58 SLIDE: ESTABLISH A TECHNICAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT GROUP....................................................59 SLIDE: THE IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE POLICY GROUP ..................................................61 SLIDE: EVALUATION OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM..............................................................................62 SLIDE: BUILD CONSENSUS AND A COMMON GOAL ..........................................................................64 SLIDE: IDENTIFY PRIORITIES AND FOCUS AREAS.............................................................................66 SLIDE: DEFINE CLEAR AND MEASURABLE OBJECTIVES...................................................................67 SLIDE: FORMULATE A STRATEGY FOR IMPLEMENTATION ...............................................................68 SLIDE: SELECT A MIX OF POLICY INSTRUMENTS .............................................................................69 SLIDE: DESIGN AN ACTION PLAN AND PROGRAMMES .....................................................................71 SLIDE: ORGANIZE HUMAN AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES .................................................................72 SLIDE: IMPLEMENTING THE STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN .............................................................73 SLIDE: CARRY OUT INFORMATION AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS ...................................................74 SLIDE: MONITORING OF IMPLEMENTATION ....................................................................................76 SLIDE: EVALUATION OF POLICY EFFECTIVENESS............................................................................77 SLIDE: PERIODIC POLICY ADJUSTMENT ..........................................................................................79 SLIDE: COMMON BARRIERS TO CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT ............................................................79 SLIDE: COMMON BARRIERS TO CP POLICY DEVELOPMENT/2 .........................................................80 █ █ █ MODULE 4: POLICY TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS................................................................. 83 SLIDE: WHAT IS A POLICY INSTRUMENT?.......................................................................................84 SLIDE: RANGE OF POLICY INSTRUMENTS........................................................................................84 SLIDE: POLICY INSTRUMENTS ........................................................................................................85 SLIDE: POLICY INSTRUMENTS/2 .....................................................................................................86 SLIDE: REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS ..............................................................................................87 SLIDE: REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS/2 ...........................................................................................89 SLIDE: MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS ..........................................................................................93 SLIDE: MARKET-BASED INSTRUMENTS/2 .......................................................................................98 SLIDE: ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS—TAXES...................................................................................102
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