UBC School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture

! LARC 482T/582T THE DESIGN CHARRETTE TODAY

1. Introductions & course Introduction

2. Lecture: Introduction to the Design Charrette ! 3. Lecture: Moura Quayle: Strategic design/ Design thinking

4. Two Assignments: Skype Discussion with Patrick Condon Theme Research Form groups

5. To studio IMPORTANT Saturday June 10- all day Macmillan and Landscape Annex closed Electricity shutdown COURSE INTRODUCTION

Class Blog blogs.ubc.ca> ENDS 482T/LARC 582T Design Charrette ! Syllabus and Schedule COURSE WITHIN A COURSE

CONTENT KNOWLEDGE DESIGN CHARRETTES Thematic knowledge Theory and practice of about whole systems the design charrette thinking, the project and the site

UBC SOUTH CAMPUS DESIGN CHARRETTE THE DESIGN CHARRETTE- AN INTRODUCTION

1. Definitions ! 2. Brief history ! 3. Types of charrettes ! 4. Typical methods cdesignc.ticketleap.com_PhiladelphiaSchools THE DESIGN CHARRETTE

WHAT IS A DESIGN CHARRETTE? ! “a design charree is a me-limited, mul-party design event organized to generate a collaboravely produced plan....” Patrick Condon in Condon, Design Charrees for Sustainable Communies, 2008, Page 1. ! “an accelerated, collaborave, design-based process that harnesses the talents and energies of all interested stakeholders to create and support a feasible plan.” Naonal Charree Instute, charreeinstute.org/about ORIGINS

TERMINOLOGY Ecole des Beaux Arts origins… “At the end of the nineteenth century the Architectural Faculty of the Ecole des Beaux- Arts issued problems that were so difficult few students could successfully complete them in the me allowed. As the deadline approached, a pushcart (or charree in French) was wheeled past students’ work- spaces in order to collect their final drawings for jury criques while students francally put finishing touches on their work. To miss ‘the charree’ meant an automac grade of zero.” Charette, L'Ecole des Beaux (Roggema 2014 p. 15) Artes, etching, author and date unknown. CONTEMPORARY DEFINITION (+ 165 years)

Patrick Condon: “a design charree is a me-limited, mul-party design event organized to generate a collaboravely produced plan....” Condon, Design Charrees for Sustainable Communies, 2008, Page 1. THE DESIGN CHARRETTE- Essentials

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS ! • collaborave • employ design/ design thinking • forward thinking, soluons oriented, synthec • me-limited • engage diverse stakeholders • flat governance THE DESIGN CHARRETTE- Benefits

BENEFITS ! • engages diverse voices • creave & synthec • experienal/tacle • peer learning • investment + buy-in • tacit knowledge creaon WHY? do we need design charrettes?

WICKED PROBLEMS ! Design problems are “wicked”— • never enough information/ too complex for one individual • incomplete, contradictory, and changing requirements that are often difficult to understand— always trade-offs • complex interdependencies— the effort to solve one aspect of a wicked problem may reveal or create other problems • the problem continues to evolve • “inauthenticity” —the designer is often not the user !

From Paterson: Defining Design WHY? do we need design charrettes?

TOO COMPLEX FOR ANY INDIVIDUAL Knowledge areas in typical urban design problems: land use building design development economics local ecosystems urban economics policy energy systems water systems transportaon planning foreign aid systems infrastructure engineering http://oxfamblogs.org legal contexts ….and more WHY? do we need design charrettes?

MANDATED PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT ! Municipalies must engage their public— by law by policy by polics WHY? do we need design charrettes?

VANCOUVER’s Engaged City ! Objecves: Building Knowledge Building Trust Building Capacity Building Power

2014 ORIGINS

Lennertz & Lutzenhiser The Charree Handbook, Pages 16, 17 20th CENTURY EARLY ADOPTERS- William Riddick

Riddick’s Charrette Processes: ! “an acvity that brings residents and people of experse together under the pressure of limited me for the study of specific community problems.” Riddick, Charree Processes, page 1 ! Target: Inner city neighbourhoods

Book published 1971 20th CENTURY EARLY ADOPTERS- William Riddick

1960’s and 1970’s Riddick’s Charrette Processes: ! Four ingredients: 1. A problem to be work on 2. Interested & willing cizens 3. Professional experts 4. Commitment from power structure to implement recommendaons ! *Design and designing not integrated 20th CENTURY EARLY ADOPTERS- AIA R/UDAT

AIA R/UDAT ! 1967 to today Principles: interdisciplinary soluons objecvity public parcipaon ! local resources + experse (of a mul-disciplinary team) ! 4 day charree process

Contemporary screen shot of AIA R/UDAT website 20th CENTURY EARLY ADOPTERS- AIA R/UDAT

! EARLY EXAMPLE: Last Place in the Downtown Plan, Portland, Oregon 1983 ! A predecessor to the Pearl District Plan ORIGINS- 20th CENTURY EARLY ADOPTERS

Charrees employed in- 1960’s Public parcipaon in house by architects/ & planning movement designers 1970’s

William Riddick AIA R/UDAT 1967 Charree process in 1971 Design Assistance Teams neighbourhood planning LATE 20th CENTURY- DUANY AND PLATER-ZYBERK

1987 to present ! • adapted R/UDAT the process • concurrent with Neo-Tradional Development (Neo-Tradional Development evolved to New Urbanism)

• DPZ Charree process widely adopted along with New Urbanism and Smart Growth DUANY AND PLATER-ZYBERK

DPZ CHARRETTE INNOVATIONS • interdisciplinary team of designers • charretes conducted on site • seven days • design team leads the process • consult experts and stakeholders throughout charree

Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk The Kentlands Charrette 1988 DUANY AND PLATER-ZYBERK

DPZ CHARRETTE INNOVATIONS • designers worked “en charree" for mulple days to develop a design soluon • a formal mid-point review • design unveiled in a public event at the conclusion

DPZ Partner, Galina Tachieva, delivers a closing presentation 21st CENTURY- NATIONAL CHARRETTE INSTITUTE

Bill Lennertz- worked with DPZ -late 1980’s - 1991 ! 1992- Lennertz and Coyle Associates— adapted process for west coast USA ! 2001 Naonal Charree Instute • lead instructor of the NCI Charree System ! co-authored: The Charree Handbook 2006 & 2014 with Aarin Lutzenhiser NATIONAL CHARRETTE INSTITUTE

What makes the NCI charrette unique?!

Participants work in a series of short feedback loops!

public review!

concepts! alternatives! refinement! plan!

public review! public review! NCI Charree Process (from an NCI presentaon) NATIONAL CHARRETTE INSTITUTE

Charrette Work Cycles!

public meeting ! public meeting open house public meeting! vision! review! review! confirmation!

alternative preferred plan ! concepts! plan! development! NCI Charree Process (from an NCI presentaon) LATE 20th, early 21st CENTURY- PATRICK CONDON

1990’s — PATRICK CONDON James Taylor Chair Design Centre for Sustainability ! Website: 18 Design Charrees over 20 years ! authored: Design Charrees for Sustainable Communies, 2008. PATRICK CONDON

CONDON CHARRETTE INNOVATIONS • explicit link with sustainability • visioning v implementaon charrees • engaging professionals, stakeholders, officials, public in designing • jazz not classical http://sensitiveinfill.blogspot.ca/ PATRICK CONDON

CONDON’S 9 RULES 1. Design with everyone 2. Start with a blank sheet 3. Build from a policy base 4. Provide just enough informaon 5. Talk> doodle> draw 6. Charrees are jazz not classical 7. Lead without leading 8. Move in, move out, move across 9. The drawing is a contract ROB ROGGEMA- EUROPEAN CONTEXT- 2014

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHARRETTE • tacit knowledge • creave chaos • creavity is fun, engaging • flat governance • designers are facilitators not prima donnas • small groups & plenary sessions ROB ROGGEMA- EUROPEAN CONTEXT- 2014

ROGGEMA- 4 BASIC RULES (edited from Condon’s 9) ! 1. Design with everyone 2. Start with a blank sheet 3. Provide just enough informaon 4. The drawing is a contract

Roggema: Collaborave team from his book p. 62 DESIGN CHARRETTE METHODS- 3 PHASES

BACKGROUND PHASE 1 background research & planning Research & planning design brief ! THE CHARRETTE 2 meframes 4 to 7 days typically The oen on site Charree diverse stakeholders designers do the drawing and representaon ! 3 AFTER THE CHARRETTE The Plan report or plan document ! Primary references: Condon and NCI NCI 7 DAY CHARRETTE SCHEDULE

Charrette Work Cycles!

public meeting ! public meeting open house public meeting! vision! review! review! confirmation!

alternative preferred plan ! concepts! plan! development! NCI Charree Process (from an NCI presentaon) NCI 7 DAY CHARRETTE SCHEDULE PATRICK CONDON- 4 DAY CHARRETTE DAY 1 DAY 2 DAY 3 DAY 4 Core team Opening event meeting Core team working Core team- am Small goups final design designing session Site visit Public- Mid- course Reporting in correction (plenary) lunch

Plenary design Core team session Small groups Small groups meeting designing designing

pm Small group Presentation design preparations Core team Core team meeting/ meeting/ Reporting in working working Final public (plenary) presentation METHODS 4.5 DAY AGENDA

4 ½-Day Charrette Schedule: Meadowvale, HDR/LCA+Sargent Town Planning Source: Lennertz, The Charrette Handbook, page 170 TYPICAL ROLES DESIGN TEAM Design lead Facilitators Designers- mulple disciplines Support staff ! STAKEHOLDERS Elected officials Developers designers working Neighbourhood leaders Neighbours (to the site) ! EXPERTS Topic area experts Consultants (i.e. economic experts) Government staff ! PUBLIC Interested public officials and experts reviewing TOOLS

“ANALOG” METHODS STILL PREVAIL Maps and tracing paper Hand drawn perspecves 3D “hard” models Scky notes on maps ! Typically controlled by “designers” Tacle, interacve Difficult to measure/evaluate DIGITAL TOOLS

EARLY STAGES ! Live-updated visualizaons Equitable access to “creang” Live-updated metrics for evaluaon Quick iteraons ! Choices controlled Can be off-pung to some people CRITIQUE ACCESS TO INFORMATION + EVALUATION ! • carefully edited informaon ! • inequity of access to informaon ! • precedents- a narrow subset of possibilies ! • proposed soluons not rigorously evaluated ! • “slick graphics, romanc watercolours, and celebrity designers” woo the public (Grant 2006 page 184). CRITIQUE

INCLUSIVITY + EQUITY ! • designers, facilitators and experts typically hand-picked ! • power relaonships - designers do the designing & drawing ! • professionals have professional knowledge ! • “public” serve a reaconary role ! • opportunity for genuine discourse? CRITIQUE

OTHER • evangelical nature of the principles of New Urbanism precluded open consideraon of other perspecves ! • limited me limits the opons considered ! • disregard challenging social and polical issues ! • may raise unrealisc expectaons CRITIQUE Sorkin, Michael Will new plans for the gulf drown it again, this me in nostalgia? Architectural Record, 94:2 47-52 (2006) “The charree, an important and effecve planning instrument— an excellent medium for rapidly geng a large number of ideas on the table and for tesng them by looking for synergies and compromises that help professionals understand and incorporate the needs and desires of those they seek to serve. CNU charrees, on the other hand, seem to be media for the recirculaon and validaon of ideas that are already decided, for telling people what’s best for them. It is clearly not possible for a CNU charree to produce a plan that is not based on Tradional Neighbourhood Development, on old-mey architecture, on the whole range of self-evident and uniform truths that they seek to insgate with minimal inflecon everywhere.” SHORT BREAK

Image: evelynkalinosky.com