GEORGIA CIVIC HEALTH INDEX ABOUT THE PARTNERS
NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CITIZENSHIP GEORGIA FAMILY CONNECTION PARTNERSHIP At the National Conference on Citizenship (NCoC), we believe *HRUJLD)DPLO\&RQQHFWLRQ3DUWQHUVKLS *D)&3 ZRUNVWRDFKLHYH everyone has the power to make a difference in how their community D*HRUJLDZKHUHDOOFKLOGUHQDUHKHDOWK\UHDG\WRVWDUWVFKRRODQG and country thrive. GRZHOOZKHQWKH\JHWWKHUHDQGZKHUHHYHU\IDPLO\LVVWDEOHDQG VHOIVXIÀFLHQW $V D QRQSURÀW SXEOLFSULYDWH LQWHUPHGLDU\ *D)&3 :HDUHDG\QDPLFQRQSDUWLVDQQRQSURÀWZRUNLQJDWWKHIRUHIURQW H[LVWV WR XQLI\ SXEOLF DQG SULYDWH RUJDQL]DWLRQV· FRPPLWPHQW WR of our nation’s civic life. We continuously explore what shapes *HRUJLD·VFKLOGUHQDQGIDPLOLHV PDNHVXUHWKHLUHIIRUWVWRLPSURYH WRGD\·VFLWL]HQU\GHÀQHWKHHYROYLQJUROHRIWKHLQGLYLGXDOLQRXU WKHOLYHVRIFKLOGUHQDQGIDPLOLHVZRUN DQGSURWHFWHYHU\GLPHRI GHPRFUDF\ DQG XQFRYHU ZD\V WR PRWLYDWH JUHDWHU SDUWLFLSDWLRQ WKHLULQYHVWPHQWLQ*HRUJLD·VIXWXUH 7KURXJK RXU HYHQWV UHVHDUFK DQG UHSRUWV 1&R& H[SDQGV RXU QDWLRQ·V FRQWHPSRUDU\ XQGHUVWDQGLQJ RI ZKDW LW PHDQV WR EH D *D)&3ZDQWVWRKHOSEXLOGFRPPXQLWLHVZKHUHFKLOGUHQDQGIDPLOLHV FLWL]HQ:HVHHNQHZLGHDVDQGDSSURDFKHVIRUFUHDWLQJJUHDWHU can thrive, and hopes to use the Civic Health Index to spark and FLYLFKHDOWKDQGYLWDOLW\WKURXJKRXWWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV VXVWDLQDFRQYHUVDWLRQDERXW*HRUJLD·VFLYLFHQJDJHPHQW
CARL VINSON INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT AT THE GEORGIAFORWARD UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA *HRUJLD)RUZDUGLVDQLQGHSHQGHQWQRQSDUWLVDQ F QRQSURÀW For more than 80 years, the Carl Vinson Institute of Government RUJDQL]DWLRQZRUNLQJWRLPSURYHWKHVWDWHRI*HRUJLDE\HQJDJLQJ DW WKH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI *HRUJLD KDV ZRUNHG ZLWK SXEOLF RIÀFLDOV EXVLQHVV JRYHUQPHQW DQG FLYLO VRFLHW\ OHDGHUV WR FROODERUDWLYHO\ WKURXJKRXW *HRUJLD DQG DURXQG WKH ZRUOG WR LPSURYH JRYHUQDQFH VKDSHDVWDWHZLGHSROLF\DJHQGD6SHFLÀFDOO\WKURXJKFRQIHUHQFHV DQGSHRSOH·VOLYHV)URP*HRUJLD·VHDUO\GD\VDVDODUJHO\DJUDULDQ UHSRUWV DQG SURJUDPV *HRUJLD)RUZDUG ZRUNV WR HQJDJH OHDGHUV state with a modest population to its modern-day status as a WR ÀQGDFRPPRQYLVLRQIRU*HRUJLD FUHDWHDQHQYLURQPHQW national and international force in business, industry, and politics LQZKLFKYLVLRQDQGSUDJPDWLVPWUXPSVSROLWLFDOGHDGORFN DQG with a population of almost 10 million, the Institute has helped GLVFXVVLQQRYDWLYHVROXWLRQVWRRXUVWDWH·VFKDOOHQJHV JRYHUQPHQWOHDGHUVQDYLJDWHFKDQJHDQGIRUJHVWURQJGLUHFWLRQVIRU *HRUJLD)RUZDUGLVSDUWRIWKLVCivic Health Index because it believes DEHWWHU*HRUJLD WKDW VWURQJ FLYLF KHDOWK FDQ UHGXFH WKH SHUFHLYHG DQG UHDO JDSV ,QFUHDWLQJ*HRUJLD·VÀUVWCivic Health Index, the Vinson Institute between areas of the state and contribute to the articulation of a seeks to reveal a clearer, more complete picture of civic life in common statewide vision. *HRUJLD $V *HRUJLD JURZV UHJLRQV FKDQJH DQG GHPRJUDSKLFV VKLIW WKH 9LQVRQ ,QVWLWXWH·V UHVHDUFK LV NH\ LQ XQGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH 7KLV ÀUVWHYHU Georgia Civic Health Index ZDV SURGXFHG LQ ZD\V*HRUJLDQVLQWHUDFWZLWKHDFKRWKHUDQGZLWKWKHLULQVWLWXWLRQV DQGUHOHDVHGLQ.
Photo credits center cover, and this page, center: Georgia Family Connection Partnership TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ...... 4
This report has been graciously ([HFXWLYH6XPPDU\ ...... 5 funded by the following:
6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVV ...... 8
Community Involvement ...... 12
3ROLWLFDO$FWLRQ ...... 14
&RQÀGHQFHLQ,QVWLWXWLRQV ...... 17
'HPRJUDSKLF7UHQGVWR&RQVLGHU ...... 19
What You Can Do ...... 20
Conclusion ...... 23
Technical Notes ...... 24
Endnotes ...... 25
&LYLF+HDOWK,QGH[3DUWQHUV ...... 26
8VH\RXUVPDUWSKRQH to download the Georgia Civic Health Index INTRODUCTION
$VWKHÀUVWHYHUGeorgia Civic Health Index, this report asks and seeks to DQVZHUWKHTXHVWLRQ ´+RZGR*HRUJLDQVSDUWLFLSDWHLQFLYLFOLIHDQGZKDW GRHVLWPHDQIRU*HRUJLD"µ6SHFLÀFDOO\WKH&LYLF+HDOWK,QGH[H[DPLQHV KRZ*HRUJLDQVHQJDJHFLYLFDOO\³ZLWKRQHDQRWKHUZLWKWKHLUFRPPXQLWLHV ZLWKLQVWLWXWLRQVDQGLQSROLWLFV KRZFLYLFSDUWLFLSDWLRQYDULHVDFURVV NH\ GHPRJUDSKLF YDULDEOHV VXFK DV HGXFDWLRQDO DWWDLQPHQW DJH DQG JHRJUDSKLF ORFDWLRQ DQG KRZ *HRUJLD·V UDWHV RI FLYLF SDUWLFLSDWLRQ compare with other states. This report is intended to launch a statewide FRQYHUVDWLRQ DPRQJ FLWL]HQV DQG SULYDWH QRQSURÀW DQG SXEOLF VHFWRU OHDGHUVDQGGHFLVLRQPDNHUVDERXWKRZWRSURPRWHDQGVWUHQJWKHQFLYLF OLIHLQ*HRUJLD
What is Civic Health?
&LYLFKHDOWKUHÁHFWVWKHGHJUHHWRZKLFKUHVLGHQWVWDONWRQHLJKERUVVSHQGWLPHZLWKIULHQGVRU IDPLO\SDUWLFLSDWHLQFRPPXQLW\JURXSVYRWHWDONDERXWSROLWLFVDQGDFWWRIXUWKHUDFLYLFLQWHU- HVW&LYLFKHDOWKDOVRUHODWHVWRWKHRYHUDOOZHOOEHLQJRIQHLJKERUKRRGVFRPPXQLWLHVVWDWHVDQG the nation.
This report explores four main areas of civic health:
ɵ 6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVV
ɵ Community Involvement
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ɵ &RQÀGHQFHLQ,QVWLWXWLRQV th 26 ,QHDFKRIWKHVHDUHDVRIFLYLFKHDOWKWKLVUHSRUWH[DPLQHVSDWWHUQVLQFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWWKURXJK Georgia’s national rank in YDULRXVGHPRJUDSKLFFKDUDFWHULVWLFVVXFKDVHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWJHRJUDSKLFUHJLRQ UXUDO XUEDQVXEXUEDQ UDFHHWKQLFLW\DQGLQFRPHOHYHO both eating dinner with and seeing or hearing from family and friends frequently Why is Civic Health Important? 6WURQJFLYLFKHDOWKLVYLWDOWRDKHDOWK\GHPRFUDF\$FWLYHFLWL]HQHQJDJHPHQWEXLOGVFRQVHQVXV IRUSROLF\WKDWUHÁHFWVWKHQHHGVRIDFRPPXQLW\DQG´SURPRWHVHIIHFWLYHJRYHUQDQFHE\IRVWHU- LQJWUDQVSDUHQF\DQGDFFRXQWDELOLW\RISXEOLFLQVWLWXWLRQVµ10RUHRYHUVWURQJVRFLDOFRKHVLRQ² GHÀQHGDVWDONLQJWRQHLJKERUVGRLQJIDYRUVIRUQHLJKERUVWUXVWLQJQHLJKERUVDQGVHHLQJDQG KHDULQJ IURP IDPLO\ DQG IULHQGV ² DQG FLYLF KHDOWK KDYH EHHQ OLQNHG WR EHWWHU SXEOLF KHDOWK RXWFRPHV LQFOXGLQJ LPSURYHG FKLOG GHYHORSPHQW DQG DGROHVFHQW ZHOOEHLQJ LPSURYHG PHQWDO health, lower violent crime rates and youth delinquency, and reduced mortality.
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4 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X Georgia and Civic Health
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Definitions of Terms and Concepts Civic Health &LYLFKHDOWKUHÁHFWVWKHGHJUHHWRZKLFKFLWL]HQVSDUWLFLSDWHLQWKHLUFRPPXQLWLHVIURPORFDO DQGVWDWHJRYHUQDQFHWRLQWHUDFWLRQVZLWKIULHQGVRUIDPLO\&LYLFKHDOWKDOVRUHODWHVWRWKH th RYHUDOOZHOOEHLQJRIQHLJKERUKRRGVFRPPXQLWLHVVWDWHVDQGWKHQDWLRQ 6 Civic Engagement Georgia’s national rank in &LYLFHQJDJHPHQWLVWKHDFWRIZRUNLQJZLWKORFDOLQVWLWXWLRQVDQGIHOORZUHVLGHQWVWRSURPRWH expressing opinions about PHDQLQJIXODFWLRQVPRYHPHQWVDQGUHODWLRQVKLSVZLWKLQDFRPPXQLW\RUSRSXODWLRQ7KLV community or political FDQWDNHPDQ\IRUPVIURPYRWHUUHJLVWUDWLRQUDWHVWRWDONLQJSROLWLFVZLWKIULHQGVRUIDPLO\ issues online IURPWUXVWLQJORFDOEXVLQHVVHVWRSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQFRPPXQLW\JURXSV6RPHPHDVXUHVRI FLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDUHSROLWLFDOVRPHDUHVRFLDODQGVRPHDUHLQGLYLGXDOEXWHDFKUHÁHFWV VRPHWKLQJLPSRUWDQWDERXWDFRPPXQLW\·VFLYLFKHDOWK Social Connectedness 6RFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVVLVGHÀQHGDVDVHULHVRILQWHUDFWLRQVEHWZHHQIULHQGVIDPLOLHVDQG QHLJKERUVVXFKDVHDWLQJGLQQHUZLWKIULHQGVRUIDPLO\DQGWUXVWLQJ\RXUQHLJKERUV Community Involvement Community involvement refers to the ways people interact with fellow residents beyond WKHLUIULHQGVIDPLO\DQGLPPHGLDWHQHLJKERUV7KHVHDFWLRQVLQFOXGHJURXSPHPEHUVKLS FKDULWDEOHJLYLQJYROXQWHHUUDWHDQGDWWHQGLQJSXEOLFPHHWLQJV Political Action or Political Participation 3ROLWLFDODFWLRQDQGSDUWLFLSDWLRQUHIHUWRWKHZD\VSHRSOHLQÁXHQFHORFDOJRYHUQPHQWDQG SXEOLFLQVWLWXWLRQVLQFOXGLQJYRWLQJLQVWDWHDQGORFDOHOHFWLRQVFRQWDFWLQJSXEOLFRIÀFLDOV GLVFXVVLQJSROLWLFVDQGEX\LQJRUER\FRWWLQJJRRGVWRUHÁHFWSROLWLFDORSLQLRQV Confidence in Institutions &RQÀGHQFHLQLQVWLWXWLRQVUHIHUVWRWKHGHJUHHWRZKLFKUHVLGHQWVEHOLHYHWKDWYDULRXVORFDO LQVWLWXWLRQVLQFOXGLQJSXEOLFVFKRROVPHGLDDQGFRUSRUDWLRQVZLOOGRZKDWLVULJKW 6 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X Generational Definitions Long Civic Generation (Born before 1930) 7KH/RQJ&LYLF*HQHUDWLRQLVWKHODVWUDLVHGEHIRUH:RUOG:DU,,7KLVUHSRUWGRHVQRW LQFOXGHWKLVJHQHUDWLRQLQLWVGLVFXVVLRQRIWUHQGVLQ*HRUJLDDVWKHVDPSOHVL]HIRUWKLV population was too small to produce reliable data. Silent Generation (1931-1945) 7KH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQUHIHUVWRSHRSOHERUQLQWKHPLGGOHRIWKH*UHDW'HSUHVVLRQDQG SUHFHGLQJ:RUOG:DU,, Baby Boomers (1946-1964) 7KH%DE\%RRPHUJHQHUDWLRQZDVERUQLQWKH\HDUVDIWHU:RUOG:DU,,ZKHQWKH86 H[SHULHQFHGDODUJHLQFUHDVHLQELUWKUDWHV Generation X (1965-1980) 7KLVJHQHUDWLRQIROORZVWKH%DE\%RRPHUVDQGLVVRPHWLPHVUHIHUUHGWRDVWKH´EDE\EXVWµ DVLWZDVWKHEHJLQQLQJRIDGHFOLQHLQ86ELUWKUDWHV Millennials or Echo Boomers (1981-2004) th 7KLVGHVLJQDWLRQUHIHUVWRWKRVHERUQLQWKH VDQG VZKHQWKHUHZDVDEULHI 17 VSLNHLQELUWKUDWHVDWWULEXWHGWRWKHPDWXUDWLRQRIWKH%DE\%RRPHUJHQHUDWLRQ Georgia’s national rank in discussing politics with friends or family KEY TAKEAWAYS: SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS 6RFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVVUHIHUVWRKRZRIWHQDQGVRPHRIWKHZD\VLQZKLFK*HRUJLDQVUHODWHWRWKHLU IULHQGVIDPLO\DQGQHLJKERUV)RUPDQ\RIWKHVHLQGLFDWRUV²HDWLQJGLQQHUZLWKIDPLO\VHHLQJRU KHDULQJIURPIULHQGVRUIDPLO\DQGJLYLQJDQGUHFHLYLQJIDYRUV²*HRUJLDLVDERXWDYHUDJHQDWLRQDOO\ ,QWUXVWLQJRWKHUVDQGWDONLQJZLWKQHLJKERUVKRZHYHU*HRUJLDQVDUHEHORZDYHUDJH KEY TAKEAWAYS: COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT &RPPXQLW\ LQYROYHPHQW UHIHUV WR WKH ZD\V SHRSOH LQWHUDFW ZLWKLQ WKHLU EURDGHU FRPPXQLW\ ² EH\RQGWKHFLUFOHRIIULHQGVIDPLO\DQGLPPHGLDWHQHLJKERUV2YHUDOO*HRUJLDIDUHVOHVVZHOOWKDQ Photo credit: GeorgiaForward RWKHUVWDWHVIRUPRVWRIWKHVHLQGLFDWRUVZLWKFRPSDUDWLYHO\ORZUDWHVRIFKDULWDEOHJLYLQJ KEY TAKEAWAYS: POLITICAL ACTION 3ROLWLFDODFWLRQUHIHUVWRYRWHUSDUWLFLSDWLRQFRQWDFWLQJSXEOLFRIÀFLDOVDQGH[SUHVVLQJSROLWLFDO RSLQLRQVLQDYDULHW\RIZD\V:KLOHFORVHWRKDOI RI*HRUJLDQVYRWHGLQWKHQDWLRQDO HOHFWLRQRQO\LQGLFDWHGWKDWWKH\YRWHLQORFDOHOHFWLRQV´DOORIWKHWLPHµ*HRUJLDLVUDQNHG WKLQIUHTXHQF\RISDUWLFLSDWLRQLQORFDOHOHFWLRQVIRUYRWLQJDOORUPRVWRIWKHWLPHDQGWKLQ HOHFWLRQWXUQRXWLQ5HVLGHQWVDJHDQGROGHUDQGWKRVHZLWKKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQ- PHQWVKRZLQFUHDVHGUDWHVRIYRWHUUHJLVWUDWLRQDQGYRWHUWXUQRXW7KRVHZLWKKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQDO DWWDLQPHQWDOVRKDYHKLJKHUUDWHVRIFRQWDFWLQJSXEOLFRIÀFLDOVLQFOXGLQJHOHFWHGUHSUHVHQWDWLYHV DQGRWKHUVZKRDFWZLWKLQWKHSXEOLFUHDOP HJDJHQF\KHDGVDQGFRPPLVVLRQHUV 0LOOHQQLDOV KDYHPXFKORZHUUDWHVRIYRWHUUHJLVWUDWLRQDQGYRWHUWXUQRXWDQGDUHFRQVLGHUDEO\OHVVOLNHO\WR GLVFXVVSROLWLFVWKDQROGHUJHQHUDWLRQV 7 KEY TAKEAWAYS: CONFIDENCE IN INSTITUTIONS :KHQLWFRPHVWRFRQÀGHQFHLQPHGLDSXEOLFVFKRROVDQGFRUSRUDWLRQV*HRUJLDQVH[KLELWORZHU OHYHOVRIFRQÀGHQFHWKDQGRUHVLGHQWVRIPRVWRWKHUVWDWHV:LWKLQ*HRUJLDWKRVHDWWKHKLJKHVW LQFRPHOHYHOVKDYHWKHKLJKHVWFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQV0RUHRYHUHPSOR\HGUHVLGHQWVDUH PXFKPRUHOLNHO\WRKDYHFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQVWKDQWKRVHZKRDUHXQHPSOR\HGDQGQRWLQ the labor force. Conversely, those who are unemployed and not in the labor force are more likely WRKDYHFRQÀGHQFHLQPHGLDWKDQWKHLUSHHUVZKRDUHSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQWKHODERUIRUFH$PRQJWKRVH ZKRUHSRUWHGKDYLQJVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROV0LOOHQQLDOVOHGRWKHU JHQHUDWLRQVZLWKFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVJHQHUDOO\GHFUHDVLQJZLWKDJH&RQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLF schools increases the further one lives from an urban area. SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS 6RFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVVUHIHUVWRKRZRIWHQSHRSOHLQWHUDFWZLWKIULHQGVIDPLO\ DQGQHLJKERUV:KLOHWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVDQGQHWZRUNVIRUPHGDUHYROXQWDU\ RIWHQFRPPXQLW\SHUVRQDODQGSURIHVVLRQDORSSRUWXQLWLHVDULVHDQGJURZ IURPWKHVHFRQQHFWLRQV&ORVHLQWHUDFWLRQVDPRQJIDPLO\DQGIULHQGVFDQ SURPRWH KHDOWK DQG ZHOOEHLQJ They may also form a foundation upon ZKLFK LQGLYLGXDOV FDQ LQFUHDVH WKHLU ÀHOGV RI FRQQHFWLRQ DQG LQÁXHQFH EH\RQGWKHLULPPHGLDWHFLUFOHVWREURDGHUJURXSVDQGFRPPXQLWLHV10 :KHQSHRSOHDUHKLJKO\FRQQHFWHGDFFRUGLQJWRWKHVHPHDVXUHVWKH\DUHXVXDOO\EHWWHUDEOHWR FROOHFWLYHO\VROYHORFDOFKDOOHQJHVWKURXJKVRFLDOFDSLWDODQGFRQQHFWLYLW\11 This connectedness LVRQHRIVHYHUDOFRPSRQHQWVRIFRPPXQLW\FRKHVLRQDQGLVHVVHQWLDOWRVWUHQJWKHQLQJUHODWLRQ- VKLSVEXLOGLQJWUXVWDQGSURPRWLQJFROODERUDWLRQ,QDGGLWLRQWREXLOGLQJFRPPXQLWLHVWKDWZRUN WRJHWKHUWRWDFNOHFKDOOHQJHVWKHVRFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVVPHDVXUHVRIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWFRUUHODWH positively with employment rates and economic resilience.7RJHWKHUWKHVHFRPSRQHQWVSURYLGH 90.1% EHQHÀWVWRERWKLQGLYLGXDOVDQGVRFLHW\ of Georgians frequently eat dinner with family or friends. Interactions with Family or Friends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frequently with family. 8 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X Eating Dinner with Family or Friends 2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: 90.1% (26th) Baby Boomers 89.4% 89.5% Non-White 89.2% *HRUJLD 86 +LJK6FKRRO*UDGXDWHV 88.9% 6XEXUEDQ5HVLGHQWV 88.8% 8QHPSOR\HGRU1RWLQWKH/DERU)RUFH 88.7% /HVVWKDQD+LJK6FKRRO'LSORPD 87.9% 8UEDQ5HVLGHQWV 86.6% 0LOOHQQLDOV %RUQ RUODWHU 85.8% This report does not examine differences in levels of engagement among specific minority groups because sample sizes were often too small to be statistically reliable. It does explore differences among white (non- Hispanic) residents and non-white (including Hispanic) residents. SEEING OR HEARING FROM FRIENDS OR FAMILY 80.4% of Georgians see or hear from 1 UT GA 26 NV 51 family or friends frequently. &RPPXQLFDWLQJZLWKIULHQGVRUIDPLO\LVDOVRLPSRUWDQWWR*HRUJLDQV0RUHWKDQIRXURXWRIÀYH *HRUJLDQV³³UHSRUWVHHLQJRUKHDULQJIURPIULHQGVRUIDPLO\DWOHDVWDIHZWLPHVDZHHN 7KLV SODFHV *HRUJLD WK LQ WKH QDWLRQ ,QGLYLGXDOV ZKR PRVW IUHTXHQWO\ FRPPXQLFDWHG ZLWK IULHQGVRUIDPLO\DUHWKRVHZKRHDUQHGKLJKHULQFRPHVW\SLFDOO\RUKLJKHUKDGVRPH FROOHJHHGXFDWLRQRUZHUHRYHUWKHDJHRI0LOOHQQLDOVWKRVHRXWVLGHRIXUEDQDUHDVDQG WKRVHZLWKOHVVWKDQDKLJKVFKRROGLSORPDWUDLOWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHIRUWKLVLQGLFDWRU Seeing or Hearing from Friends or Family 2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: 80.4% (26th) Employed 80.6% 79.0% 6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQ ERUQ 80.6% *HRUJLD 86 +LJK6FKRRO*UDGXDWH 80.0% Non-White 79.9% 6XEXUEDQ5HVLGHQWV 79.7% ,QFRPH 79.6% ,QFRPH 79.3% Rural Residents 79.0% 0LOOHQQLDOV ERUQ RUODWHU 79.0% &ROOHJH*UDGXDWH 78.0% /HVVWKDQD+LJK6FKRRO'LSORPD 74.7% 9 Talking with Neighbors TALKING WITH NEIGHBORS 1 WV GA 25 NV 51 :KLOH *HRUJLDQV WDON ZLWK IULHQGV RU IDPLO\ IUHTXHQWO\ WKH\ GR QRW WDON DV IUHTXHQWO\ ZLWK QHLJKERUV)HZHUWKDQKDOIRI*HRUJLDQV WDONIUHTXHQWO\ZLWKWKHLUQHLJKERUVFRPSDUHGWR ZKRIUHTXHQWO\VHHRUKHDUIURPIULHQGVRUIDPLO\$FORVHUORRNDWGHPRJUDSKLFGDWDVKRZV WKHIROORZLQJLQWHUHVWLQJSDWWHUQV ɵ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bors more than their suburban and urban counterparts, which may be related to how often UXUDOUHVLGHQWVWDONWRWKHLUQHLJKERUV ɵ RI*HRUJLDQVZKRDUHXQHPSOR\HGRUDUHQRWLQWKHODERUIRUFHWDONZLWKWKHLUQHLJKERUV IUHTXHQWO\DOPRVWKLJKHUWKDQWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH ɵ +LJKVFKRROJUDGXDWHV DQGWKRVHZLWKVRPHFROOHJH DUHDERYHWKHVWDWH DYHUDJHLQIUHTXHQF\RIWDONLQJWRQHLJKERUV7KRVHZLWKFROOHJHGHJUHHV DQGWKRVH ZLWKQRKLJKVFKRROGLSORPD GRVRDWDOHVVHUUDWH$OWKRXJKUDWHVRISDUWLFLSDWLRQ for most indicators of civic health increase as educational attainment increases, this does QRWKROGWUXHIRUWDONLQJZLWKQHLJKERUV,WLVQRWFOHDUZK\WKRVHZLWKKLJKHGXFDWLRQDO DWWDLQPHQWWDONZLWKWKHLUQHLJKERUVOHVVIUHTXHQWO\WKDQGRWKRVHZLWKORZHUOHYHOVRIHGX- FDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQW:KLOHWKRVHZLWKRXWDKLJKVFKRROGLSORPDPD\EHOHVVSOXJJHGLQWR 44.5% VRFLDOLQVWLWXWLRQVFROOHJHJUDGXDWHVPD\EHPRUHWUDQVLHQWWKDQRWKHUJURXSVDVDUHVXOW of Georgians talk with RILQFUHDVHGHPSOR\PHQWRSSRUWXQLWLHV7KLVPRELOLW\JHRJUDSKLFDOO\DQGVRFLRHFRQRPL- their neighbors on a FDOO\PD\LPSHGHWKHIRUPDWLRQRIFORVHVRFLDOWLHVZLWKQHLJKERUV0RUHRYHUWKLVWUHQG frequent basis. PD\DOVREHGXHWRWKHIDFWWKDWWKRVHZLWKKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQPD\EHPRUHFRQQHFWHGWR RWKHUW\SHVRIFRPPXQLW\RUJDQL]DWLRQVRUVRFLDOQHWZRUNV ɵ $FURVVJHQHUDWLRQVRQO\0LOOHQQLDOV DUHEHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH0RUHWKDQKDOIRI WKH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQWDONVIUHTXHQWO\ZLWKWKHLUQHLJKERUVIROORZHGE\RI*HQHUDWLRQ; DQGRI%DE\%RRPHUV 10 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X EXCHANGING FAVORS WITH NEIGHBORS 1 UT GA 28 NV 51 0XFKOLNHWKHUHVWRIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVPRVW*HRUJLDQVGRQRWH[FKDQJHIDYRUVZLWKWKHLUQHLJK- ERUV,QRQO\RI*HRUJLDQVH[FKDQJHGIDYRUVZLWKQHLJKERUVDQGZKHQORRNLQJDWD SRROHGDYHUDJHIURP RQO\GLG ɵ 5XUDO*HRUJLDQV DQGXUEDQGZHOOHUV DUHPRUHOLNHO\WKDQWKHVWDWH DYHUDJH WRH[FKDQJHIDYRUVZLWKQHLJKERUV ɵ *HRUJLDQVZKRDUHXQHPSOR\HGRUQRWLQWKHODERUIRUFH DUHPRUHOLNHO\WKDQ *HRUJLDQVZKRDUHHPSOR\HG WRH[FKDQJHIDYRUVZLWKQHLJKERUV ɵ 7KRVHLQWKHORZHVWLQFRPHEUDFNHW OHVVWKDQSHU\HDU DUHPRUHOLNHO\WR H[FKDQJHIDYRUV WKDQWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH7KHPLGGOHLQFRPHEUDFNHWODJVWKH VWDWHDYHUDJH ɵ :KLWHDQGQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQVH[FKDQJHIDYRUVDWVLPLODUUDWHVDWDQG UHVSHFWLYHO\ 53% of Georgians trust all or ɵ $FURVVJHQHUDWLRQVRQO\0LOOHQQLDOV H[FKDQJHIDYRUVIRUQHLJKERUVDWDUDWH most of the people in their EHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH neighborhood. TRUST OF NEIGHBORS 1 SD GA 44 DC 51 $OWKRXJK*HRUJLDQVDUHDYHUDJHLQFRPSDULVRQZLWKSHRSOHLQRWKHUVWDWHVRQVRPHPHDVXUHVRI VRFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVV*HRUJLDLVDPRQJWKHERWWRPVWDWHVZKHQLWFRPHVWRWKHSHUFHQWDJH RISHRSOHZKRWUXVWDOORUPRVWRIWKHLUQHLJKERUV2QO\RI*HRUJLDQVWUXVWDOORUPRVWRIWKHLU QHLJKERUV$FORVHUORRNDWWKHGDWDUHYHDOVDQXPEHURIGLVSDULWLHVDPRQJGHPRJUDSKLFJURXSV DQGKHOSVXVEHWWHUXQGHUVWDQGZK\WKHOHYHORIWUXVWLVORZLQ*HRUJLD ɵ *HRUJLDFXUUHQWO\KDVRQHRIWKHKLJKHVWXQHPSOR\PHQWUDWHVLQWKHQDWLRQ Those SDUWLFLSDWLQJLQWKHODERUIRUFHUHSRUWKLJKHUWKDQDYHUDJHWUXVWRIQHLJKERUVDW 8QHPSOR\HG*HRUJLDQVRUWKRVHQRWLQWKHODERUIRUFHKRZHYHUDUHDWEHORZWKH VWDWHDYHUDJH ɵ 7UXVWLVVWURQJO\FRUUHODWHGWRLQFRPHOHYHOZKLFKPD\EHUHODWHGWRQHLJKERUKRRGVDIHW\ DQGSUHYDOHQFHRIFULPH2QO\WKRVHHDUQLQJRUPRUH UHSRUWHGWUXVWLQJ WKHLUQHLJKERUVDOORUPRVWRIWKHWLPHDWDUDWHKLJKHUWKDQWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHRI 7KRVHHDUQLQJOHVVWKDQKDGWKHORZHVWUDWHRIWUXVWLQJWKHLUQHLJKERUVDOORUPRVW RIWKHWLPH ZKLOHWKRVHHDUQLQJEHWZHHQDQGSHU\HDUZHUHQHDU WKHVWDWHDYHUDJH ɵ 5XUDO*HRUJLDQVWUXVWWKHLUQHLJKERUVPRUHWKDQGRWKHLUVXEXUEDQDQGXUEDQFRXQWHU- SDUWV$WUXUDO*HRUJLDQVDUHZHOODERYHWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHDQGDUHDOPRVWWLPHV DVOLNHO\WRWUXVWWKHLUQHLJKERUVDVDUHUHVLGHQWVRIVXEXUEDQFRPPXQLWLHV$GGLWLRQDOO\ RI ZKLWH *HRUJLDQV WUXVW WKHLU QHLJKERUV DOO RU PRVW RI WKH WLPH FRPSDUHG ZLWK RIQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQV7KLVLVRQHRIWKHIHZLQVWDQFHVLQWKLVUHSRUWLQZKLFKWKHUH LVDODUJHGLVFUHSDQF\EHWZHHQZKLWHVDQGQRQZKLWHV 11 ɵ $JH PDWWHUV 7KH ROGHU *HRUJLDQV DUH WKH PRUH OLNHO\ WKH\ DUH WR WUXVW WKHLU QHLJKERUV 7KHWZRROGHUJHQHUDWLRQVWKRVHERUQEHIRUH DUHZHOODERYHWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHLQ WUXVWLQJPRVWRUDOORIWKHLUQHLJKERUVFRPSDUHGZLWK\RXQJHUJHQHUDWLRQV0LOOHQQLDOVODJ DOOJHQHUDWLRQVDW*HQHUDWLRQ;LVQRWIDUEHKLQGDW&RPSDUDWLYHO\RI WKH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQDQGRI%DE\%RRPHUVWUXVWWKHLUQHLJKERUV Trust People in Neighborhood (all or most) 2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: 53.0% (44th) ,QFRPH 52.3% 56.7% 6RPH&ROOHJH1R'HJUHH 51.2% *HRUJLD 86 8QHPSOR\HGRU1RWLQWKH/DERU)RUFH 50.6% ,QFRPH 50.2% Female 50.1% 6XEXUEDQ5HVLGHQWV 47.5% *HQHUDWLRQ; ERUQ WR 46.1% ,QFRPH 46.0% 0LOOHQQLDOV ERUQ RUODWHU 44.1% Non-White 36.9% COMMUNITY IN VOLVEMENT Community involvement refers to the ways in which people interact with residents in the community EH\RQGWKHLUIULHQGVIDPLO\DQGLPPHGLDWHQHLJKERUV7KHVHDFWLRQVLQFOXGHIRUH[DPSOHJURXS PHPEHUVKLS FKDULWDEOH JLYLQJ YROXQWHHU UDWH DQG DWWHQGLQJ SXEOLF PHHWLQJV 0DQ\ RI WKHVH LQGLFDWRUVUHODWHWRDQGDUHIDFLOLWDWHGE\QRQSURÀWRUJDQL]DWLRQV5HVHDUFKVKRZVWKDWDKLJKHU QXPEHU RI QRQSURÀWV LQ D FRPPXQLW\ LV FRUUHODWHG ZLWK EHWWHU HFRQRPLF UHVLOLHQFH GXULQJ economic downturns.:KHQFRPSDUHGZLWKRWKHUVWDWHV*HRUJLDQVDUHDERXWDYHUDJHRQPDQ\ Photo credit: Carl Vinson Institute of Government VRFLDOFRQQHFWHGQHVVEHKDYLRUV*HRUJLDQVDUHVLJQLÀFDQWO\EHORZDYHUDJHIRUPRVWFRPPXQLW\ at LQYROYHPHQWLQGLFDWRUV7KHUHLVVLJQLÀFDQWYDULDWLRQDFURVVGLIIHUHQWVHJPHQWVRIWKHSRSXODWLRQ the University of Georgia CHARITABLE GIVING 40th Georgia’s national rank 1 UT GA 40 AR 51 in charitable giving *HRUJLDUDQNVWKLQWKHQDWLRQLQFKDULWDEOHJLYLQJDOWKRXJKPDQ\JURXSV²WKRVHZLWKKLJKHU LQFRPHVWKRVHUHVLGLQJLQVXEXUEVDQGROGHUUHVLGHQWV²GRQDWHDWDKLJKHUUDWHWKDQWKHVWDWH DYHUDJH 7ZRRIWKHELJJHVWLQGLFDWRUVRIFKDULWDEOHJLYLQJDUHHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWDQGDJH*HRUJLDQV ZLWK OHVV WKDQ D KLJK VFKRRO HGXFDWLRQ DUH VLJQLÀFDQWO\ OHVV OLNHO\ WR GRQDWH WR FKDULW\ WKDQ WKRVHZLWKKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQW,QIDFWRIWKRVHJUDGXDWLQJIURPFROOHJHUHSRUW GRQDWLQJWRFKDULW\ZKLOHWKRVHZLWKRXWDKLJKVFKRROGLSORPDRQO\KDYHDGRQDWLRQUDWH VLJQLÀFDQWO\EHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHRI &KDULWDEOH JLYLQJ DOVR YDULHV E\ DJH 2OGHU JHQHUDWLRQV DUH PRUH OLNHO\ WR PDNH FKDULWDEOH GRQDWLRQV*HQHUDWLRQ; %DE\%RRPHUV DQGWKH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQ ZHUH FORVHWRWZLFHDVOLNHO\DVWRGRQDWHDV0LOOHQQLDOV ,WVKRXOGEHQRWHGKRZHYHUWKDWWKH GLVFUHSDQF\LQJLYLQJDORQJOLQHVRIHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWDQGDJHLVOLNHO\FORVHO\WLHGWRLQFRPH DQGÀQDQFLDOÁH[LELOLW\ 12 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X VOLUNTEERISM 1 UT GA 34 LA 51 *HRUJLDUDQNVWKLQYROXQWHHULQJZKLFKLVOHVVWKDQRQHSHUFHQWDJHSRLQWIURPWKHQDWLRQDO DYHUDJH YHUVXV6RPHJURXSVDUHPXFKPRUHOLNHO\WRYROXQWHHUWKDQRWKHUV7KRVH ZLWKLQFRPHVDERYHSHU\HDUKDYHDYROXQWHHUUDWHZKLOHWKRVHPDNLQJOHVVWKDQ SHU\HDUDUHZHOOEHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHRI As with charitable donations, Millennials were less likely to volunteer than were their older counter- SDUWVDQGZHUHWKHRQO\DJHJURXSEHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH:KLOHWUDLOLQJLQFKDULWDEOHGRQDWLRQV LVXQGHUVWDQGDEOHIRUD\RXQJSRSXODWLRQZLWKIHZHUÀQDQFLDOUHVRXUFHVHQJDJLQJ0LOOHQQLDOV LQPHDQLQJIXOYROXQWHHURSSRUWXQLWLHVFRXOGEHDZD\WRFXOWLYDWHWKHLUFRPPXQLW\LQYROYHPHQW 9ROXQWHHULVPLVRQHRIWKHIHZDUHDVLQZKLFKWKHGDWDVKRZHGDODUJHJDSEHWZHHQZKLWHDQG QRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQV7KHVWDWHDYHUDJHIRUYROXQWHHULQJLVEXWQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQVKDYH DYROXQWHHUUDWHRI ZKLOHZKLWHUHVLGHQWVH[KLELWHGDYROXQWHHUUDWHRI 7KLVGLIIHU- ence presents an opportunity to explore why this discrepancy exists and how best to increase YROXQWHHULVPUDWHVDPRQJERWKZKLWHDQGQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQVDQGWRFORVHWKHYROXQWHHUJDS 26% of Georgians volunteer. Volunteering Georgia ranks 34th nationally. 2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: 26.0% (34th) Male 24.2% 26.8% Rural Residents 23.0% *HRUJLD 86 8QHPSOR\HGRU1RWLQWKH/DERU)RUFH 21.9% 0LOOHQQLDOV ERUQ RUODWHU 21.2% Non-White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professional and economic connections and may be important in professional development and MREVHDUFKLQJ18 )XUWKHUPRUHXUEDQGZHOOHUV DUHVLJQLÀ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²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·VFRPPXQLW\$VZLWKUXUDODQGVXEXUEDQGZHOOHUVH[SDQGLQJDFFHVVDQGRSSRUWXQLWLHV WRJURXSVZLWKORZHUOHYHOVRIHGXFDWLRQDQGLQFRPHLVDQLPSRUWDQWVWHSLQVWUHQJWKHQLQJWKH state’s civic health. AT TENDING PUBLIC MEETINGS Group Association (pooled, 2009-2011) 2009-2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: 36.2% (27th) Non-White 35.7% 36.3% Male 35.1% *HRUJLD 86 Rural Residents 34.2% 8QHPSOR\HGRU1RWLQWKH/DERU)RUFH 34.1% ,QFRPH 27.9% ,QFRPH 27.8% +LJK6FKRRO*UDGXDWH1R&ROOHJH 26.5% 0LOOHQQLDOV ERUQ RUODWHU 24.1% /HVVWKDQ+LJK6FKRRO'LSORPD 20.8% $QDYHUDJHRI RIUHVLGHQWVDWWHQGHGDSXEOLFPHHWLQJLQUDQNLQJ*HRUJLDWKLQWKH nation. /RFDWLRQDQGLQFUHDVLQJHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWLQFRPHDQGDJHZHUHLQGLFDWRUVRID KLJKHUOLNHOLKRRGRIDWWHQGLQJDSXEOLFPHHWLQJ)RUH[DPSOHXUEDQGZHOOHUVDUHWLPHVDVOLNHO\ Photo credit: GeorgiaForward DVVXEXUEDQDQGUXUDOGZHOOHUVWRDWWHQGSXEOLFPHHWLQJVSRWHQWLDOO\EHFDXVHRIWKHLUSUR[LPLW\ WRVXFKPHHWLQJV Those with less than a high $WFROOHJHJUDGXDWHVZHUHPRUHWKDQWZLFHDVOLNHO\WRDWWHQGSXEOLFPHHWLQJVDVWKRVH school diploma (20.8%) ZLWKOHVVHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQW*HQHUDWLRQDOO\%DE\%RRPHUV *HQHUDWLRQ; exhibited the lowest rate DQGWKH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQ ZHUHDOOPRUHWKDQWZLFHDVOLNHO\WRDWWHQGDSXEOLFPHHWLQJDV of group membership, and 0LOOHQQLDOV those with at least a college $VZLWKJURXSPHPEHUVKLSDWWHQGDQFHDWSXEOLFPHHWLQJVPD\EHDVPXFKDERXWDFFHVVDQG degree (59.1%) exhibited RSSRUWXQLW\DVLWLVDERXWLQWHUHVWLQPHHWLQJV:KLOHDJHRIWHQFRUUHODWHVWRLQFUHDVHGFRPPXQLW\ the highest rate. FRQQHFWLRQV GXH WR OHQJWK RI WLPH LQ D FRPPXQLW\ RQH·V OHYHO RI HGXFDWLRQ VKRXOG QRW EH D EDUULHUWRDWWHQGDQFHDWSXEOLFPHHWLQJVDQGDIÀOLDWLRQZLWKJURXSV7KHVHDUHDUHDVZKHUH*HRUJLD IRXQGDWLRQVQRQSURÀWVDQGSROLF\PDNHUVFDQUHDFKRXWWRJURXSVWKDWDUHQRWSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQ FLYLFOLIHDWDKLJKOHYHO³0LOOHQQLDOVDQGWKRVHZLWKORZHUHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWDQGLQFRPH POLITICAL ACTION 3ROLWLFDODFWLRQUHIHUVWRYRWHUUHJLVWUDWLRQDQGWXUQRXWFRQWDFWLQJHOHFWHGRIÀFLDOVDQGH[SUHVVLQJ SROLWLFDORSLQLRQV:KLOHFORVHWRKDOI RI*HRUJLDQVYRWHGLQWKHQDWLRQDOHOHFWLRQ RQO\LQGLFDWHGWKDWWKH\YRWHLQORFDOHOHFWLRQV´DOORIWKHWLPHµ*HRUJLDLVUDQNHG WKLQ IUHTXHQF\RISDUWLFLSDWLRQLQORFDOHOHFWLRQVZLWKUHVLGHQWVVD\LQJWKH\YRWHG´DOOµRU´PRVWRIWKH WLPHµDQGWKLQHOHFWLRQWXUQRXWLQ0RUHRYHU*HRUJLDQVUDQNKLJKHUWKDQDYHUDJH²WK 14 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X QDWLRQDOO\²LQKRZRIWHQWKH\GLVFXVVSROLWLFV)RUPRVWLQGLFDWRUVRISROLWLFDODFWLRQSDUWLFLSDWLRQ LQFUHDVHVZLWKDJHLQFRPHDQGHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWVLJQDOLQJDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRLQFUHDVH RXWUHDFKWRERRVWSDUWLFLSDWLRQDPRQJ\RXQJ*HRUJLDQVDQGWKRVHZLWKORZHULQFRPHVDQGORZHU levels of educational attainment. VOTER REGISTRATION AND TURNOUT VOTER REGISTRATION 1 ME GA 41 HI 51 VOTER TURNOUT 43.6% Georgia’s voter turnout 1 ME GA 38 TX 51 rate in 2010 :KHQDVNHGZKHWKHUWKH\YRWHGLQWKHHOHFWLRQVZKLFKLQFOXGHVQDWLRQDODQGVWDWHOHYHO UDFHVRI*HRUJLDQVUHSRUWHGEHLQJUHJLVWHUHGWRYRWHZKLOHUHSRUWHGDFWXDOO\YRWLQJ LQ7KLVSODFHV*HRUJLDVWLQWKHQDWLRQLQYRWHUUHJLVWUDWLRQDQGWKLQYRWLQJLQ +RZHYHU*HRUJLDQVDUHUDQNHGPXFKKLJKHU³ WK³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eorgia Voter Registration and Turnout by Income, 2010 74.9 68.3 65.0 62.0 64.0 62.0 59.3 56.0 55.1 53.4 49.1 43.6 43.7 42.9 36.6 6WDWH$YHUDJH Vote in Local Elections (always or sometimes) 5HJLVWUDWLRQ 9RWHU7XUQRXW 15 Georgia Voter Registration and Turnout by Educational Attainment, 2010 75.4 71.5 68.0 67.6 64.2 61.2 62.9 55.9 57.3 50.1 46.5 44.2 40.9 38.1 * Less than +6*UDG 6RPH&ROOHJH &ROOHJH*UDG 6WDWH$YHUDJH +6'LSORPD 1R&ROOHJH 1R'HJUHH Vote in Local Elections (always or sometimes) 5HJLVWUDWLRQ 9RWHU7XUQRXW*Data Not Available CONTACTING PUBLIC OFFICIALS 1 VT GA 34 HI 51 0RUHWKDQRQHLQ*HRUJLDQVUHSRUWFRQWDFWLQJDQHOHFWHGRIÀFLDOLQSODFLQJ*HRUJLD WKLQWKHQDWLRQ7KRXJKZKLWHDQGQRQZKLWHUHVLGHQWVWHQGWREHKDYHVLPLODUO\DFURVVPRVW LQGLFDWRUVWKHUHLVDFRQVLGHUDEOHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHWZRJURXSVLQERWKGLVFXVVLQJSROLWLFV DQGFRQWDFWLQJSXEOLFRIÀFLDOV:KLWH*HRUJLDQVDUHWZLFHDVOLNHO\WRFRQWDFWDQHOHFWHGRIÀFLDO DVQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQV YV )XUWKHURIZKLWHUHVLGHQWVUHSRUWGLVFXVVLQJ SROLWLFV IUHTXHQWO\ FRPSDUHG ZLWK RI QRQZKLWH UHVLGHQWV $V ZLWK PDQ\ LQGLFDWRUV WKH Photo credit: GeorgiaForward OLNHOLKRRG RI FRQWDFWLQJ DQ HOHFWHG RIÀFLDO LQFUHDVHV ZLWK ERWK LQFRPH DQG HGXFDWLRQDO DWWDLQPHQW7KLVLVDQLPSRUWDQWSRLQWWRFRQVLGHUDVHQJDJLQJZLWKHOHFWHGRIÀFLDOVLQFUHDVHVWKH OLNHOLKRRGWKDWDQLQGLYLGXDO·VRUDFRPPXQLW\·VLQWHUHVWVZLOOEHUHSUHVHQWHGLQWKHSROLF\PDNLQJ SURFHVV3XEOLFRIÀFLDOVDQGSROLF\IRFXVHGRUJDQL]DWLRQVFRXOGXVHFLYLFGDWDDVDVWDUWLQJSRLQW 12% IRULPSURYLQJSXEOLFRXWUHDFKHIIRUWV of Georgians reported contacting a public EXPRESSING POLITICAL OPINIONS official in 2011. 7KRXJKLWLVEHORZDYHUDJHRQQHDUO\DOOLQGLFDWRUV*HRUJLDUDQNVWKFRPSDUHGZLWKRWKHUVWDWHV LQGLVFXVVLQJSROLWLFV:KHQDVNHGLIWKH\GLVFXVVSROLWLFVIUHTXHQWO\RI*HRUJLDUHVLGHQWV UHVSRQGHGDIÀUPDWLYHO\,WLVDOVRQRWHZRUWK\KRZIUHTXHQWO\*HRUJLDQVH[SUHVVSROLWLFDORSLQLRQV on the Internet compared with people in other states. EXPRESSING POLITICAL OPINIONS ONLINE 1 NV 6 GA SC 51 ,Q RI *HRUJLDQV UHSRUWHG IUHTXHQWO\ H[SUHVVLQJ SROLWLFDO RSLQLRQV RQOLQH UDQNLQJ *HRUJLDWKLQWKHQDWLRQIRUWKLVLQGLFDWRU,QWHUHVWLQJO\WKHUHLVYHU\OLWWOHGHPRJUDSKLFYDULDWLRQ LQKRZIUHTXHQWO\*HRUJLDQVH[SUHVVRSLQLRQVRQOLQH0LOOHQQLDOVGHVSLWHJURZLQJXSZLWKPRUH WHFKQRORJ\ WKDQ WKH JHQHUDWLRQV EHIRUH WKHP DUH DPRQJ WKH OHDVW OLNHO\ WR H[SUHVV RSLQLRQV RQOLQH ² D ÀQGLQJ WKDW PD\ XQGHUOLQH WKH JHQHUDWLRQ·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iscussing Politics (Frequently) Millennials (29.3%) are the 2011 UDQNLQJLQSDUHQWKHVHV Citizen groups below state average: least likely to discuss politics 32.5% (17th) *HQHUDWLRQ; ERUQ WR 31.7% while the Silent Generation 29.3% Female 30.5% (43.4%) is well above the *HRUJLD 86 ,QFRPH 29.4% state average. 8QHPSOR\HGRU1RWLQWKH/DERU)RUFH 29.1% +LJK6FKRRO*UDGXDWH1R&ROOHJH 28.3% Non-White 27.6% ,QFRPH 25.6% 0LOOHQQLDOV ERUQ RUODWHU 23.9% CONFIDENCE IN INSTITUTIONS *HRUJLDUDQNVLQWKHERWWRPWKLUGIRUPRVWLQGLFDWRUVUHJDUGLQJFRQÀGHQFHLQLQVWLWXWLRQV)RU Photo credit: GeorgiaForward LQVWDQFH*HRUJLDUDQNVWKLQQXPEHURIUHVLGHQWVZKRUHSRUWKDYLQJJUHDWRUVRPHFRQÀGHQFH LQFRUSRUDWLRQVWKLQJUHDWRUVRPHFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVDQGWKLQJUHDWRUVRPH FRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLD&RQÀGHQFHLQWKHVHLQVWLWXWLRQVYDULHVDPRQJOHYHOVRIHQJDJHPHQW LQFRPHDQGJHRJUDSK\ CONFIDENCE IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1 SD GA 40 NM 51 :KLOH0LOOHQQLDOVVFRUHORZHVWDPRQJDOOJHQHUDWLRQVIRUPRVWLQGLFDWRUVWKLVJURXSLVPRUHOLNHO\WR KDYHHLWKHUVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVWKDQDUHROGHUJHQHUDWLRQV,Q RI0LOOHQQLDOVUHSRUWHGKDYLQJVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVZKLOH *HQHUDWLRQ; DQGWKH6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQ ZHUHEHORZWKHVWDWHDYHUDJHRI 6WDWHZLGHRI*HRUJLDQVUHSRUWKDYLQJDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROV0RUH RIWKRVHZLWKDKLJKVFKRROGLSORPD UHSRUWKDYLQJDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLF VFKRROV FRPSDUHG ZLWK WKRVH ZLWK VRPH FROOHJH DQG WKRVH ZLWK D FROOHJH GHJUHH RU KLJKHU 0RUHRYHUFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVLQFUHDVHVWKHIXUWKHU*HRUJLDQVOLYHIURPXUEDQFHQWHUV 6SHFLÀFDOO\ RIXUEDQUHVLGHQWVKDYHDJUHDWGHDORIRUVRPHFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROV FRPSDUHG ZLWK RI VXEXUEDQ UHVLGHQWV DQG RI UXUDO UHVLGHQWV 7KLV GLVFUHSDQF\ KRZHYHUGRHVQRWQHFHVVDULO\UHÁHFWWKDWUXUDOFRPPXQLWLHVKDYHEHWWHUSXEOLFVFKRROVEXWPD\ LQVWHDGUHÁHFWDFRPELQDWLRQRIFRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROVEDVHGRQFORVHUHODWLRQVKLSVZLWK RQH·V VFKRRO SHUIRUPDQFH RI D VFKRRO DQG SHUVRQDO DWWDFKPHQW WR WKH VFKRRO DPRQJ RWKHU UHDVRQV1RQZKLWH*HRUJLDQVDUHDOVRPRUHOLNHO\WRKDYHHLWKHUVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORI FRQÀGHQFHLQSXEOLFVFKRROV WKDQZKLWH*HRUJLDQV 17 CONFIDENCE IN CORPORATIONS 1 ID GA 38 NV 51 *HRUJLDUDQNVWKQDWLRQDOO\LQFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQV RI*HRUJLDQVUHSRUWWKDWWKH\ KDYHVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQV&HUWDLQUHVLGHQWVKRZHYHUKDYHPRUH FRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQVWKDQRWKHUV6SHFLÀFDOO\ZKLWH*HRUJLDQVKDYHPRUHFRQÀGHQFHLQ FRUSRUDWLRQV WKDQQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQV DVGRWKRVHZLWKLQFRPHVDERYH DQG WKRVH ZKR KROG D FROOHJH GHJUHH RU KLJKHU )XUWKHUPRUH WKRVH ZKR DUH XQHPSOR\HGRUDUHQRWLQWKHODERUIRUFHDUHFRQVLGHUDEO\OHVVOLNHO\WRKDYHFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQV WKDQDUHWKRVHZKRDUHHPSOR\HG Georgia Confidence in Institutions by Income (A Great Deal/Some), 2011 88.0 87.1 87.1 86.8 83.7 69.6 61.8 57.2 58.9 58.8 57.1 59.0 54.7 51.9 52.9 6WDWH$YHUDJH Photo credit: Georgia Family Connection Partnership 67.7% &RQÀGHQFHLQ3XEOLF6FKRROV &RQÀGHQFHLQ0HGLD &RQÀGHQFHLQ&RUSRUDWLRQV of rural Georgians reported having some or a great deal Georgia Confidence in Institutions by Educational Attainment (A Great Deal/Some), 2011 87.8 of confidence in corporations. 86.7 87.0 86.5 81.0 70.4 60.9 60.2 57.0 58.8 54.4 56.6 48.3 ** Less than +6*UDG 6RPH&ROOHJH &ROOHJH*UDG 6WDWH$YHUDJH +6'LSORPD 1R&ROOHJH 1R'HJUHH &RQÀGHQFHLQ3XEOLF6FKRROV &RQÀGHQFHLQ0HGLD &RQÀGHQFHLQ&RUSRUDWLRQV*Data Not Available $Q\WLPHZHH[DPLQHWKHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWDQGHQJDJHPHQWHVWLPDWHVDUHEDVHGRQO\RQ DGXOWVDJHVDQGROGHUDVVXPLQJWKDW\RXQJHUSHRSOHPD\VWLOOEHFRPSOHWLQJWKHLUHGXFDWLRQ7KLVLVIDFWRUHGLQWRWKH VWDWHDYHUDJHVLQWKLVJUDSKDVZHOO 18 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X CONFIDENCE IN THE MEDIA 1 DC GA 46 NV 51 *HRUJLDUDQNVWKLQWKHQDWLRQLQKDYLQJDJUHDWGHDORUVRPHFRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLD ,QDUHYHUVDORI*HRUJLDQV·FRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQVQRQZKLWHXQHPSOR\HG*HRUJLDQVDQG WKRVH QRW LQ WKH ODERU IRUFH DUH OLNHO\ WR KDYH PRUH FRQÀGHQFH LQ WKH PHGLD WKDQ DUH ZKLWH *HRUJLDQVRUWKRVHZKRDUHHPSOR\HG,Q RIXQHPSOR\HG*HRUJLDQVDQGWKRVHQRWLQ WKHODERUIRUFHUHSRUWHGKDYLQJDJUHDWGHDORUVRPHFRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLDFRPSDUHGZLWKRI HPSOR\HG*HRUJLDQV6LPLODUO\ RIQRQZKLWH*HRUJLDQVUHSRUWHGKDYLQJVRPHRUDJUHDW GHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLDFRPSDUHGZLWKRIZKLWH*HRUJLDQV %H\RQG WKHVH JURXSLQJV FRQÀGHQFH LQ PHGLD LV VLPLODU DFURVV PDQ\ GHPRJUDSKLFV 7KHUH LV KRZHYHUDVOLJKWLQFUHDVHLQFRQÀGHQFHDVHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWLQFUHDVHV6SHFLÀFDOO\ RI*HRUJLDQVZLWKDFROOHJHGHJUHHUHSRUWKDYLQJHLWKHUVRPHRUDJUHDWGHDORIFRQÀGHQFHLQ PHGLDFRPSDUHGZLWKRIUHVLGHQWVZLWKRQO\DKLJKVFKRROGLSORPD$PRQJDOOJHQHUDWLRQV 0LOOHQQLDOV UHSRUWKDYLQJWKHPRVWFRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLDZKLOH*HQHUDWLRQ; DQGWKH 6LOHQW*HQHUDWLRQ H[KLELWOHYHOVRIFRQÀGHQFHLQWKHPHGLDQHDUWKHVWDWHDYHUDJH DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS TO CONSIDER Georgia is predicted to be 7KLVUHSRUWGRHVQRWH[DPLQHGLIIHUHQFHVLQOHYHOVRIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDPRQJVSHFLÀFPLQRULW\ a “Majority-Minority” state JURXSVEHFDXVHWKHVDPSOHVL]HVRIWKH86&HQVXV&XUUHQW3RSXODWLRQ6XUYH\IRUWKHVHJURXSV around 2025. ZHUHWRRVPDOOWREHVWDWLVWLFDOO\UHOLDEOH+RZHYHULWGRHVH[SORUHGLIIHUHQFHVDPRQJZKLWH QRQ +LVSDQLF UHVLGHQWVDQGQRQZKLWH LQFOXGLQJ+LVSDQLFV UHVLGHQWV$OWKRXJKZKLWHDQGQRQZKLWH *HRUJLDQVH[KLELWHGVLPLODUOHYHOVRIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDFURVVPRVWLQGLFDWRUVWKHUHZHUHDIHZ GLIIHUHQFHV7KXVLWLVDSSURSULDWHWREULHÁ\GLVFXVV*HRUJLD·VGHPRJUDSKLFFKDQJHVDQGZKDW they mean for the state’s civic health. 7ZRGHFDGHVRIGHPRJUDSKLFFKDQJHVKDYHWDXJKWXVPXFKDERXW*HRUJLD%RWKWKHDQG &HQVXVHVKDYHVKRZQWKDW*HRUJLD·VSRSXODWLRQKDVEHHQJURZLQJYHU\UDSLGO\ PRYLQJIURP WKHWKODUJHVWVWDWHLQ WRWKHWKODUJHVWLQ7KLVJURZWKKDVODUJHO\EHHQVHHQLQ WKHVWDWH·VQRQZKLWHSRSXODWLRQVZKLFKJUHZDWDQDYHUDJHUDWHRI FRPSDUHGZLWKZKLWH SRSXODWLRQJURZWKRI*HRUJLDLVSUHGLFWHGWREHD´0LQRULW\0DMRULW\µVWDWHDURXQG $FFRUGLQJWRWKLVUHSRUW*HRUJLD·VQRQZKLWHSRSXODWLRQVDUHOHVVFLYLFDOO\HQJDJHGWKDQWKHZKLWH SRSXODWLRQLQDIHZNH\DUHDV UDWHVRIYROXQWHHULVPWUXVWLQQHLJKERUVFRQWDFWLQJHOHFWHGRIÀ- FLDOVDQGFRQÀGHQFHLQFRUSRUDWLRQV,IWKLVWUHQGFRQWLQXHVLWZLOOKDYHPDMRULPSOLFDWLRQVIRUWKH IXWXUHRI*HRUJLD·VFLYLFKHDOWK)RUH[DPSOH*HRUJLD·V+LVSDQLFSRSXODWLRQLVJURZLQJYHU\UDSLGO\ %HWZHHQDQGWKHQXPEHURI+LVSDQLFVLQ*HRUJLDQHDUO\GRXEOHGLQFUHDVLQJE\ 8QGHUVWDQGLQJWKLVSRSXODWLRQZLOOEHNH\WRXQGHUVWDQGLQJRXUVWDWH·VFLYLFKHDOWKLQWKHIXWXUH,I +LVSDQLFVDQGRWKHUSRSXODWLRQVRIFRORUDUHQRWYROXQWHHULQJRUFRQWDFWLQJWKHLUHOHFWHGRIÀFLDOV DWUDWHVVLPLODUWRZKLWHUHVLGHQWVFRPPXQLW\VWUHQJWKDQGSROLF\PDNLQJZLOOOLNHO\EHVNHZHG 7DNLQJDFWLRQVWRFORVHJDSVLQNQRZOHGJHRIFLYLFVDQGRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWZLOOEH YLWDOWRWKHIXWXUHRI*HRUJLD 19 WHAT YOU CAN DO *HRUJLD·V FLYLF KHDOWK LV DQ LPSRUWDQW UHÁHFWLRQ RI WKH VWUHQJWK RI RXU FRPPXQLWLHVDQGWKHWKRURXJKQHVVRIRXUGHPRFUDWLFSURFHVV:KLOHWKHUH DUH VWUHQJWKV LQ *HRUJLD·V FLYLF KHDOWK WKLV UHSRUW FOHDUO\ VHWV RXW WKDW ZHKDYHZRUNWRGRWRLPSURYHFLYLFHQJDJHPHQW6SHFLÀFDOO\WKHUHDUH JDSVLQOHYHOVRIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWEHWZHHQWKRVHZLWKKLJKHULQFRPHDQG HGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWDQGWKRVHZLWKOHVV EHWZHHQROGHUUHVLGHQWVDQG \RXQJHUUHVLGHQWV DQGRQDIHZPHDVXUHVEHWZHHQZKLWHDQGQRQZKLWH UHVLGHQWVDQGDPRQJUXUDOVXEXUEDQDQGXUEDQUHVLGHQWV 7KHDXWKRUVRIWKLVUHSRUWEHOLHYHWKDWDVWURQJFLYLFLQIUDVWUXFWXUHDQGYLEUDQWFLYLFKHDOWK DUHLPSRUWDQWIRU*HRUJLDDQGZLWKLQUHDFK7RVWUHQJWKHQ*HRUJLD·VFLYLFKHDOWKKRZHYHUWKH QRQSURÀW IRXQGDWLRQ FRUSRUDWH DQG JRYHUQPHQW VHFWRUV PXVW FRPPLW WR LGHQWLI\LQJ DQG VXSSRUWLQJSURJUDPVWKDWLPSURYHFLYLFKHDOWK2XUKRSHLVWKDWWKHGDWDLQWKLVUHSRUWSURYLGHWKH LQIRUPDWLRQDQGVHUYHDVWKHFDWDO\VWQHFHVVDU\WREHJLQWKDWSURFHVV$OWKRXJKWKLVUHSRUWGRHV QRWUHFRPPHQGRUFDOOIRUVSHFLÀFSURJUDPVLQLWLDWLYHVRUOHJLVODWLRQKHUHDUHDIHZH[DPSOHVRI ZKDWZHDOOFDQGRWRLPSURYH*HRUJLD·VFLYLFKHDOWK What individuals can do: ɵ *HWWRNQRZDQGWDONWR\RXUQHLJKERUV+RVWDQHLJKERUKRRGJDWKHULQJ ɵ Volunteer for a community project or issue that you are passionate about. ɵ $WWHQGDSXEOLFPHHWLQJZKHWKHULWLVKRVWHGE\DJRYHUQPHQWHQWLW\RUDFRPPXQLW\JURXS ɵ Call, email, write a letter, or visit one or more of your elected representatives. This can be at the local, state, or national level. ɵ 7DNHSDUWLQFRPPXQLW\DQGUHJLRQDOHYHQWV ɵ 7DNHD\RXQJSHUVRQWRDSXEOLFPHHWLQJFRPPXQLW\HYHQWRUWRPHHWZLWK DSXEOLFRIÀFLDO ɵ Vote. What community-based organizations, nonprofits, and foundations can do: ɵ ,QFOXGHDVWUDWHJLFIRFXVRQHQJDJLQJ\RXQJSHRSOHLQFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDFWLYLWLHV ɵ 2UJDQL]HIRUXPVWKDWEULQJWRJHWKHUGLYHUVHJURXSVRIUHVLGHQWVWRGLVFXVVDVKDUHG SUREOHP+RVWVXFKDQHYHQWZLWKDZLGHUDQJHRIRWKHUFRPPXQLW\RUJDQL]DWLRQV ɵ ,QFOXGHFLYLFSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQ\RXUSURJUDPPLQJ ɵ :RUNZLWKORFDOHGXFDWLRQLQVWLWXWLRQVWRFUHDWHRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDQG careers in the civic sector. ɵ (QVXUHWKDW\RXURUJDQL]DWLRQLVUHDFKLQJRXWWRDQGZHOFRPLQJRIDOONLQGVRISHRSOHDQG PHDQLQJIXOO\HQJDJH\RXUPHPEHUVLQZD\VWKDWNHHSWKHPHQJDJHG ɵ /HYHUDJHWKHVWUHQJWKRIVHQLRUFLWL]HQFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWLQWRRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUWKHPWR VKDUHWKHLUH[SHULHQFHVZLWK\RXQJHUUHVLGHQWV 20 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X ɵ 3DUWQHUZLWKRWKHUDJHQFLHVWRLGHQWLI\MRLQWFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDFWLYLWLHVWKDWFDQEHRIIHUHG in your community. ɵ )RXQGDWLRQV )XQGSURMHFWVWKDWVHHNWRFORVHJDSVLQFLYLFSDUWLFLSDWLRQHVSHFLDOO\ SURMHFWVDLPHGDW\RXQJHUUHVLGHQWVDQGUHVLGHQWVZLWKORZHULQFRPHDQG educational attainment. ɵ )RXQGDWLRQV $GGFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWSUDFWLFHVWR\RXUIXQGLQJFULWHULDWREXLOGVWURQJHU PRUHHQJDJHGFRPPXQLWLHVZLWKSURMHFWVWKDW\RXIXQG What public officials and government agencies can do: ɵ 3DUWQHUZLWKGLYHUVHFRPPXQLW\JURXSVWRKROGSXEOLFFRQYHUVDWLRQVRQSXEOLFSUREOHPV &RPPLWWROLVWHQLQJDQGUHVSRQGLQJWRZKDWDOOSDUWLFLSDQWVKDYHWRVD\ ɵ 3URYLGHRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUDOOW\SHVRIUHVLGHQWVWRSDUWLFLSDWHLQSXEOLFSROLF\PDNLQJ7KLV FRXOGWDNHWKHIRUPRIJDWKHULQJUHVLGHQWVWRKHOSUHGHVLJQSURFHVVHVDQGIRUPDWIRU SXEOLFPHHWLQJV ɵ 8VHVRFLDOPHGLDWRWDUJHWDQGHQJDJHDOOUHVLGHQWVHVSHFLDOO\WKRVHZKRDUH\RXQJHU ɵ &RPPLWWRHQJDJLQJ\RXUSHHUVDERXW\RXUFRPPXQLW\·VFLYLFKHDOWKDQGH[SORUHZD\V to improve it. ɵ +HOSXQGHUUHSUHVHQWHGJURXSV HJ+LVSDQLFV$VLDQ$PHULFDQVDQG$IULFDQ$PHULFDQV \RXQJUHVLGHQWVDQGWKRVHZLWKORZHULQFRPHDQGHGXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWJDLQWKH experience they need to sit on boards and commissions. ɵ &RQGXFWRULHQWDWLRQVIRUJURXSVDERXWDYHQXHVIRUHQJDJLQJLQWKHSXEOLFSROLF\SURFHVV ɵ (QFRXUDJHJUHDWHUYRWHUSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQDOOFRPPXQLWLHV ɵ 5HGXFHEDUULHUVWRFLYLFSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQFOXGLQJWUDQVSRUWDWLRQDQGODQJXDJHREVWDFOHV What the media can do: ɵ ,GHQWLI\DQGKLJKOLJKWLQGLYLGXDOVDQGRUJDQL]DWLRQVWKDWDUHVWUHQJWKHQLQJFRPPXQLWLHV DQGLPSURYLQJVRPHDVSHFWRIFLYLFKHDOWK ɵ &RYHUFLYLFSURJUDPV ɵ ,GHQWLI\DQGKLJKOLJKW\RXQJSHRSOHZKRDUHPDNLQJDGLIIHUHQFHLQWKHLUFRPPXQLW\ ɵ 3DUWQHUZLWKFRPPXQLW\RUJDQL]DWLRQVIRXQGDWLRQVLQVWLWXWLRQVDQGWKHPHGLDWRSURPRWH JUHDWHUFLYLFKHDOWK What the private sector can do: ɵ &UHDWHLQKRXVHLQFHQWLYHVDQGSURJUDPVWRSURPRWHHPSOR\HHFLYLFHQJDJHPHQW3DUWQHU ZLWKORFDOQRQSURÀWVWRSURYLGHRSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUHPSOR\HHVWRYROXQWHHUHVSHFLDOO\WKRVH ZKRDUH\RXQJHUDQGKDYHORZHULQFRPHV ɵ 8VH\RXUFRUSRUDWHJLYLQJWRVXSSRUWSURJUDPVWKDWERRVWFLYLFHQJDJHPHQW ɵ 3DUWQHUZLWKORFDORUJDQL]DWLRQVWKHPHGLDDQGIRXQGDWLRQVWRERRVWYRWHUSDUWLFLSDWLRQ YROXQWHHULVPDQGFRPPXQLW\HQJDJHPHQW 21 What higher education can do: ɵ 3XUVXHDWWUDFWDQGUHWDLQVWXGHQWVIURPPLQRULW\DQGORZLQFRPHEDFNJURXQGV ɵ Emphasize coursework on civics, history of American democracy, and the 86&RQVWLWXWLRQ ɵ 3URYLGHRSSRUWXQLWLHVDQGRUDFDGHPLFFUHGLWIRULQWHUQVKLSVDQGYROXQWHHULVPLQ the civic sector. ɵ 3URYLGHRQFDPSXVRUORFDORSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUVWXGHQWVWRHQJDJHLQSXEOLFSROLF\ SUREOHPVROYLQJ ɵ 2IIHUFRQWLQXLQJHGXFDWLRQFRXUVHVLQFLYLFVOHDGHUVKLSRUJDQL]LQJDQGSXEOLFHQJDJHPHQW ɵ 2IIHUSURIHVVLRQDOGHYHORSPHQWWKDWVKRZVLQVWUXFWRUVKRZWRLQFRUSRUDWHFLYLFV HGXFDWLRQLQWRH[LVWLQJFRXUVHV What public schools can do: ɵ 3URYLGHFLYLFVHGXFDWLRQIRUSDUHQWVJUDQGSDUHQWVDQGJXDUGLDQVHVSHFLDOO\WKRVHIURP ORZHULQFRPHDQGLPPLJUDQWFRPPXQLWLHV ɵ 7HDFKFLYLFVWKURXJKVHUYLFHOHDUQLQJDQGSXEOLFHQJDJHPHQWSURMHFWV7DNHVWXGHQWVWR VHHFLYLFVLQDFWLRQDWDFLW\FRXQFLOPHHWLQJRUDSXEOLFKHDULQJ ɵ 3URYLGHWUDLQLQJIRUDOOWHDFKHUVLQFLYLFVDQGHQFRXUDJHWKHPWRZHDYHLWLQWRWKHLU FRXUVHVUHJDUGOHVVRIVXEMHFWPDWWHU ɵ 3URYLGHDPSOHRSSRUWXQLW\DQGHQFRXUDJHPHQWWRKLJKVFKRROVWXGHQWVWRUHJLVWHUWRYRWH ZKHQRIDJHDQGWRSDUWLFLSDWHLQFRPPXQLW\VHUYLFHSURMHFWV ɵ 3DUWQHUZLWKQRQSURÀWRUJDQL]DWLRQVWKDWRIIHURSSRUWXQLWLHVIRUVWXGHQWVWROHDUQDERXW and participate in civic life. 22 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X Photo credit: GeorgiaForward CONCLUSION *HRUJLD KDV PXFK URRP WR LPSURYH LWV FLYLF KHDOWK *HRUJLDQV GLVFXVV SROLWLFVDWDQDERYHDYHUDJHUDWHEXWWUDLOQDWLRQDOQRUPVLQHYHU\RWKHU FLYLFLQGLFDWRURIFLYLFKHDOWK)URPYRWLQJWRWDONLQJZLWKRQH·VQHLJKERUV IURPEHORQJLQJWRRUJDQL]DWLRQVWRKDYLQJFRQÀGHQFHLQPDMRULQVWLWXWLRQV *HRUJLDQVDUHQRWHQJDJLQJDWOHYHOVVHHQLQPRVWRWKHUVWDWHV )XUWKHUZKLOHGDWDVKRZHGVRPHYDULDWLRQVLQFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDFURVVUHJLRQVDQGGHPRJUDSKLF JURXSVWKH\DOVRUHYHDOHGFRQVLVWHQWGHPRJUDSKLFSDWWHUQVDFURVVPRVWLQGLFDWRUV,QDOPRVW DOODUHDV0LOOHQQLDOVODJEHKLQGROGHUJHQHUDWLRQVLQFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWIURPEDVLFIULHQGDQG IDPLO\FRQQHFWLRQVWRYRWLQJWRSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQJURXSVDQGLQWKHLUFRPPXQLWLHV:KLOHVRFLDODQG SURIHVVLRQDO QHWZRUNV GHYHORS PRUH IUHTXHQWO\ ZLWK DJH DQG H[SHULHQFH PRUH PXVW EH GRQH WRDFWLYHO\HQJDJH0LOOHQQLDOVIXOO\LQWKHFLYLFOLIHRIRXUFRPPXQLWLHV2SSRUWXQLWLHVWRERRVW 0LOOHQQLDOSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQFOXGHHPSKDVL]LQJFLYLFHGXFDWLRQLQ.VFKRROVDQGKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ DFWLYHO\ HQJDJLQJ \RXQJ SHRSOH LQ FLYLF 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'HVSLWH WKHVH FKDOOHQJHV ZH KDYH WKH RSSRUWXQLW\ DQG FDSDELOLW\ WR LPSURYH WKH VWDWH·V FLYLF KHDOWK*HRUJLDLVDVWDWHZLWKDULFKKLVWRU\RIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQWDQGDVWURQJIRXQGDWLRQXSRQ ZKLFKWREXLOG'DWDUHYHDOVWURQJORFDOFRQQHFWLRQVDZLOOLQJQHVVWRH[SUHVVRSLQLRQVDQGWKH H[LVWHQFHRIVHYHUDOJURXSVZLWKKLJKHUWKDQDYHUDJHOHYHOVRIFLYLFHQJDJHPHQW%\IRFXVLQJRQ ZKDWZHGRZHOOZHFDQEXLOGRQRXUVWUHQJWKVDQGH[SDQGDFFHVVDQGUHVRXUFHVWRWKRVHZKR are less involved in civic life. Indeed, this report, while not intended to offer prescriptions, will KRSHIXOO\ODXQFKDFRQYHUVDWLRQDPRQJJRYHUQPHQWEXVLQHVVDQGFLYLOVRFLHW\RQKRZEHVWWR ERRVWFLYLFKHDOWKLQ*HRUJLD 23 TECHNICAL NOTES 8QOHVVRWKHUZLVHQRWHGWKHÀQGLQJVSUHVHQWHGLQWKLVUHSRUWDUH Any time we examine the relationship between educational EDVHG RQ &,5&/(·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for the state across all indicators. Any analysis that breaks down &36&LYLF(QJDJHPHQW6XSSOHPHQW WKHVDPSOHLQWRVPDOOHUJURXSV HJJHQGHUHGXFDWLRQ ZLOOKDYH VPDOOHUVDPSOHVDQGWKHUHIRUHWKHPDUJLQRIHUURUZLOOLQFUHDVH 8VLQJ D SUREDELOLW\ VHOHFWHG VDPSOH RI DERXW RFFXSLHG 'DWDIRUVRPHLQGLFDWRUVDUHSRROHGIURPPXOWLSOH\HDUV KRXVHKROGVWKH&36FROOHFWVPRQWKO\GDWDRQHPSOR\PHQWDQG IRUDPRUHUHOLDEOHHVWLPDWHZKHQVDPSOHVL]HVIRUFHUWDLQ GHPRJUDSKLF FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI WKH QDWLRQ 7KH *HRUJLD &36 cross-tabulations may have been small. Due to the small sample VDPSOHVL]HXVHGLQWKLVUHSRUWLV UHVLGHQWVIURPDFURVVWKH VL]H ÀQGLQJV VKRXOG EH LQWHUSUHWHG ZLWK FDXWLRQ DQG PD\ QRW VWDWH7KLVVDPSOHLVWKHQZHLJKWHGWRUHSUHVHQWDWLYHSRSXODWLRQ EH JHQHUDOL]HG DFURVV WKH SRSXODWLRQ )XUWKHUPRUH QDWLRQDO GHPRJUDSKLFV IRU WKH VWDWH (VWLPDWHV IRU WKH YROXQWHHULQJ UDQNLQJVZKLOHXVHIXOLQEHQFKPDUNLQJPD\EHVPDOOLQUDQJH LQGLFDWRUV HJ YROXQWHHULQJ ZRUNLQJ ZLWK QHLJKERUV PDNLQJ ZLWKRQHWRWZRSHUFHQWDJHSRLQWVVHSDUDWLQJWKHVWDWHUDQNHG GRQDWLRQV DUHEDVHGRQ86UHVLGHQWVDJHVDQGROGHU(VWLPDWHV ÀUVWIURPWKHVWDWHUDQNHGODVW IRU FLYLF HQJDJHPHQW DQG VRFLDO FRQQHFWLRQ LQGLFDWRUV HJ H[FKDQJLQJIDYRUVZLWKQHLJKERUVGLVFXVVLQJSROLWLFV DUHEDVHGRQ ,W LV DOVR LPSRUWDQW WR HPSKDVL]H WKDW RXU PDUJLQ RI HUURU 86UHVLGHQWVDJHVDQGROGHU9RWLQJDQGUHJLVWUDWLRQVWDWLVWLFV HVWLPDWHVDUHDSSUR[LPDWHDV&36VDPSOLQJLVKLJKO\FRPSOH[ DUHEDVHGRQ86FLWL]HQVZKRDUHDQGROGHU HOLJLEOHYRWHUV and accurate estimation of error rates involves many parameters that are not publicly available. 24 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X ENDNOTES 1 ´(QDEOLQJ(QYLURQPHQWIRU&LYLF(QJDJHPHQWµ7KH:RUOG%DQNDFFHVVHG)HEUXDU\ ,QGLFDWHV86&HQVXV&XUUHQW3RSXODWLRQ6XUYH\SRROHGGDWD KWWS ZHEZRUOGEDQNRUJ:%6,7((;7(51$/723,&6(;762&,$/'(9(/230(17(; 86%XUHDXRI/DERU6WDWLVWLFVVHDVRQDOO\DGMXVWHGUDWHDVRI6HSWHPEHU 73&(1*FRQWHQW0'. aPHQX3. aSDJH3. aSL3. aWKH 6LWH3. KWPO 7KHVHYDOXHVIDOOZLWKLQWKHPDUJLQRIHUURU7KHPDUJLQRIHUURUIRUVXEJURXSFDWHJRULHVPD\ be relatively broad as a result of small sample size. 6LPRQ6]UHWHUDQG0LFKDHO:RROFRFN´+HDOWKE\$VVRFLDWLRQ"6RFLDO&DSLWDO6RFLDO7KHRU\ DQGWKH3ROLWLFDO(FRQRP\RI3XEOLF+HDOWKµInternational Journal of Epidemiology 16 Civic Health and Unemployment: The Case Builds. National Conference on Citizenship, ² 6HSWHPEHU 17 ,QGLFDWHV86&HQVXV&XUUHQW3RSXODWLRQ6XUYH\SRROHGGDWD National Conference on Citizenship. Civic Health and Unemployment II: The Case Builds, :DVKLQJWRQ'&6HSWHPEHU 18 Civic Health and Unemployment: Can Civic Engagement Strengthen the Economy?, 1DWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&LWL]HQVKLS6HSWHPEHU &RPELQDWLRQRIWKRVHZKRDQVZHUHG´DJUHDWGHDOµRU´VRPHµ ,QGLFDWHVSRROHGGDWD IRUHDVHRIFRPSDULVRQZLWKGHPRJUDSKLFFURVVWDEV &RPELQDWLRQRIWKRVHZKRDQVZHUHG´DJUHDWGHDOµRU´VRPHµ 7KHVLQJOH\HDUSHUFHQWDJHLVDQGWKHUDQNLQJLVEDVHGRQWKDWSHUFHQWDJH &RPELQDWLRQRIWKRVHZKRDQVZHUHG´DJUHDWGHDOµRU´VRPHµ )UDQN%DVV´1RQZKLWH86%LUWKV%HFRPHWKH0DMRULW\IRUWKH)LUVW7LPHµ 7 &RPELQDWLRQRIWKRVHZKRDQVZHUHG´DOORIWKHWLPHµRU´PRVWRIWKHWLPHµ Bloomberg News0D\KWWS ZZZEORRPEHUJFRPQHZVQRQZKLWH 8 For most measures of civic health discussed in this report, the differences between XVELUWKVEHFRPHWKHPDMRULW\IRUÀUVWWLPHKWPO QRQ+LVSDQLFZKLWHVDQGQRQZKLWHVZHUHQHJOLJLEOH7KLVUHSRUWGLVFXVVHVUDFLDOHWKQLF FRPSDULVRQVXVLQJ´ZKLWHµ PHDQLQJQRQ+LVSDQLFZKLWHV DQG´QRQZKLWHµEHFDXVHWKH &HQVXV%XUHDX·V&XUUHQW3RSXODWLRQ6XUYH\RQZKLFKWKLVUHSRUWLVEDVHGGLGQRWLQFOXGH VDPSOHVL]HVRI$VLDQDQG+LVSDQLFHWKQLFJURXSVODUJHHQRXJKWRPDNHVWDWLVWLFDOO\VRXQG REVHUYDWLRQVIRUWKRVHHWKQLFDQGUDFLDOJURXSVDORQH 5REHUW3XWQDP´%RZOLQJ$ORQH $PHULFD·V'HFOLQLQJ6RFLDO&DSLWDOµ Journal of Democracy-DQXDU\ 10 6HHHJSocial Connectedness and Health:LOGHU5HVHDUFK0DUFKKWWS ZZZ ZLOGHURUJ:LOGHU5HVHDUFK3XEOLFDWLRQV6WXGLHV6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVVDQG+HDOWK6RFLDO &RQQHFWHGQHVVDQG+HDOWKSGI DQGSocial Connectedness and Civic Health.HQWXFN\&LYLF +HDOWK,QGH[KWWS QFRFQHW6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVVDQG&LYLF+HDOWK.< 11 Social Connectedness and Health:LOGHU5HVHDUFKKWWS ZZZZLOGHURUJ:LOGHU 5HVHDUFK3XEOLFDWLRQV6WXGLHV6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVVDQG+HDOWK6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVV DQG+HDOWKSGI DQGSocial Connectedness and Civic Health.HQWXFN\&LYLF+HDOWK,QGH[ KWWS QFRFQHW6RFLDO&RQQHFWHGQHVVDQG&LYLF+HDOWK.< Civic Health and Unemployment: Can Civic Engagement Strengthen the Economy?, 1DWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&LWL]HQVKLS6HSWHPEHU 25 CIVIC HEALTH INDEX State and Local Partnerships NCoC began America’s Civic Health Index in 2006 to measure the level of civic engagement and health of our democracy. In 2009, NCoC was incorporated into the Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act and directed to expand this civic health assessment in partnership with the Corporation for National and Community Service and the U.S. Census Bureau. NCoC now works with partners in more than 30 communities nationwide to use civic data to lead and inspire a public dialogue about the future of citizenship in America and to drive sustainable civic strategies. STATES Alabama Indiana New Hampshire 8QLYHUVLW\RI$ODEDPD &HQWHURQ&RQJUHVVDW,QGLDQD8QLYHUVLW\ Carsey Institute David Mathews Center +RRVLHU6WDWH3UHVV New York Association Foundation $XEXUQ8QLYHUVLW\ 6LHQD&ROOHJH5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH Indiana Bar Foundation Arizona 1HZ Chicago Twin Cities Millennials Civic Health Index McCormick Foundation Center for Democracy and Citizenship 0RELOL]HRUJ &LWL]HQV/HDJXH +DUYDUG,QVWLWXWHRI3ROLWLFV Miami -RKQ6DQG-DPHV/.QLJKW)RXQGDWLRQ CIRCLE Florida Joint Center for Citizenship -RKQ6DQG-DPHV/.QLJKW)RXQGDWLRQ Miami Foundation Seattle 6HDWWOH&LW\&OXE %RHLQJ&RPSDQ\ 6HDWWOH)RXQGDWLRQ 26 GEORGI A C I V IC HE ALTH INDE X C I VIC HE ALTH INDICATORS WORKING GROUP Justin Bibb Stephen Goldsmith Kenneth Prewitt 6SHFLDO$VVLVWDQWIRU(GXFDWLRQDQG Former Deputy Mayor of New York City )RUPHU'LUHFWRURIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV Economic Development for the County 'DQLHO3DXO3URIHVVRURI*RYHUQPHQW Census Bureau ([HFXWLYH&X\DKRJD&RXQW\2KLR .HQQHG\6FKRRORI*RYHUQPHQWDW &DUQHJLH3URIHVVRURI3XEOLF$IIDLUVDQG +DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\ WKH9LFH3UHVLGHQWIRU*OREDO&HQWHUVDW Harry Boyte Director, Innovations in American &ROXPELD8QLYHUVLW\ Director, Center for Democracy Government and Citizenship Robert Putnam Former Mayor of Indianapolis 3HWHUDQG,VDEHO0DONLQ3URIHVVRURI3XEOLF John Bridgeland 3ROLF\.HQQHG\6FKRRORI*RYHUQPHQWDW &(2&LYLF(QWHUSULVHV Robert Grimm, Jr. 'LUHFWRURIWKH&HQWHUIRU3KLODQWKURS\ +DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\ Chairman, Board of Advisors, National DQG1RQSURÀW/HDGHUVKLS )RXQGHU6DJXDUR6HPLQDU Conference on Citizenship 8QLYHUVLW\RI0DU\ODQG Author of )RUPHU$VVLVWDQWWRWKH3UHVLGHQWRIWKH Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community 8QLWHG6WDWHV 'LUHFWRU'RPHVWLF3ROLF\ Lloyd Johnston &RXQFLO 86$)UHHGRP&RUSV 5HVHDUFK3URIHVVRUDQG'LVWLQJXLVKHG Thomas Sander 5HVHDUFK6FLHQWLVWDWWKH8QLYHUVLW\RI ([HFXWLYH'LUHFWRUWKH6DJXDUR6HPLQDU Nelda Brown 0LFKLJDQ·V,QVWLWXWHIRU6RFLDO5HVHDUFK +DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\ ([HFXWLYH'LUHFWRU1DWLRQDO6HUYLFH 3ULQFLSDO,QYHVWLJDWRURIWKH0RQLWRULQJ /HDUQLQJ3DUWQHUVKLSDWWKH$FDGHP\IRU David B. Smith WKH)XWXUH6WXG\ Educational Development &KLHIRI3URJUDPVDQG6WUDWHJ\ Kei Kawashima-Ginsberg 1DWLRQDO&HQWHUIRU6HUYLFHDQG Kristen Cambell Lead Researcher, Center for Informa- Innovative Leadership &KLHI3URJUDP2IÀFHU WLRQDQG5HVHDUFKRQ&LYLF/HDUQLQJDQG )RXQGHU0RELOL]HRUJ National Conference on Citizenship (QJDJHPHQW &,5&/( DWWKH-RQDWKDQ0 Heather Smith Jeff Coates 7LVFK&ROOHJHRI&LWL]HQVKLSDQG3XEOLF Executive Director, Rock the Vote 6WUDWHJLF,QLWLDWLYHV$VVRFLDWH-RKQ6 6HUYLFHDW7XIWV8QLYHUVLW\ DQG-DPHV/.QLJKW)RXQGDWLRQ Max Stier Peter Levine Executive Director, Doug Dobson Director, Center for Information and 3DUWQHUVKLSIRU3XEOLF6HUYLFH Executive Director, 5HVHDUFKRQ&LYLF/HDUQLQJDQG Florida Joint Center for Citizenship (QJDJHPHQW &,5&/( DWWKH-RQDWKDQ0 Michael Stout $VVRFLDWH3URIHVVRURI6RFLRORJ\ David Eisner 7LVFK&ROOHJHRI&LWL]HQVKLSDQG3XEOLF 0LVVRXUL6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\ )RUPHU3UHVLGHQWDQG&(2 6HUYLFHDW7XIWV8QLYHUVLW\ National Constitution Center Chaeyoon Lim Kristi Tate 'LUHFWRURI&RPPXQLW\6WUDWHJLHV Paula Ellis $VVLVWDQW3URIHVVRURI6RFLRORJ\ National Conference on Citizenship 9LFH3UHVLGHQW6WUDWHJLF,QLWLDWLYHV 8QLYHUVLW\RI:LVFRQVLQ0DGLVRQ -RKQ6DQG-DPHV/.QLJKW)RXQGDWLRQ Mark Hugo Lopez Michael Weiser Chairman, Maya Enista Smith Associate Director of the National Conference on Citizenship )RUPHU&(20RELOL]HRUJ 3HZ+LVSDQLF&HQWHU 5HVHDUFK3URIHVVRU8QLYHUVLW\RI Jonathan Zaff William Galston 0DU\ODQG·V6FKRRORI3XEOLF$IIDLUV 9LFH3UHVLGHQWIRU5HVHDUFK 6HQLRU)HOORZ%URRNLQJV,QVWLWXWLRQ $PHULFD·V3URPLVH$OOLDQFH )RUPHU'HSXW\$VVLVWDQWWRWKH3UHVLGHQW Sean Parker RIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVIRU'RPHVWLF3ROLF\ Co-Founder and Chairman of Causes on Ilir Zherka )DFHERRN0\6SDFH Executive Director, National Conference )RXQGLQJ3UHVLGHQWRI)DFHERRN on Citizenship 27 Use your smart phone to download the Georgia Civic Health Index