DOCSLIB.ORG

Biodiversity of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria in Hypersaline Habitats in Egypt

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Biodiversity of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria in Hypersaline Habitats in Egypt J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 52, 63–72 (2006) Full Paper Biodiversity of moderately halophilic bacteria in hypersaline habitats in Egypt Hanan Ghozlan,* Hisham Deif, Rania Abu Kandil, and Soraya Sabry Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Moharrem Bey, Egypt (Received January 19, 2005; Accepted November 24, 2005) Screening bacteria from different saline environments in Alexandria. Egypt, lead to the isolation of 76 Gram-negative and 14 Gram-positive moderately halophilic bacteria. The isolates were characterized taxonomically for a total of 155 features. These results were analyzed by numerical techniques using simple matching coefficient (SSM) and the clustering was achieved by the un- weighed pair-group method of association (UPGMA). At 75% similarity level the Gram-negative bacteria were clustered in 7 phena in addition to one single isolate, whereas 4 phena repre- sented the Gram-positive. Based on phenotypic characteristics, it is suggested that the Gram- negative bacteria belong to the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Flavobacterium, Chromohalobacter, Halomonas and Salegentibacter, in addition to the non-identified single isolate. The Gram-posi- tive bacteria are proposed to belong to the genera Halobacillus, Salinicoccus, Staphylococcus and Tetragenococcus. This study provides the first publication on the biodiversity of moderately halophilic bacteria in saline environments in Alexandria, Egypt. Key Words——moderate halophiles; numerical taxonomy; saline environments Introduction physiological adaptation to highly saline concentra- tions and their ecology (Martinez-Canovas et al., 2004; Moderately halophilic bacteria are microorganisms Tokunaga et al., 2004; Ventosa et al., 1998a, b). that can grow optimally in media containing between Hypersaline environments in Egypt are neglected 3% and 15% (w/v) salt (Lichfield, 2002). Because of hunting grounds for potential interesting new types of the wide range of salinity in which this group of mi- moderately halophilic bcteria. It was thus aimed in this croorganisms can grow optimally, they are widely dis- paper to explore the biodiversity of this group of bacte- tributed in different saline habitats such as hypersaline ria in different saline habitats in Egypt since to our lakes, desert and saline soils, saltern ponds, salt knowledge such study has not been carried out. mines, salted foods and others (Lichfield and Gillevet, 2002; Ventosa et al., 1998a, b). Materials and Methods The aspects that attracted the interest of re- searchers recently were mainly those related to their Study area and analysis of samples. Water and soil samples were collected from three sites represent- ing different saline environments. These are the * Address reprint requests to: Dr. Hanan A. Ghozlan, Depart- coasted salt marshes and the solar salterns (40 km ment of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Moharrem Bey, Egypt. west of Alexandria) and the salt lakes (21 km west of Tel: 0020–12–2491034 Fax: 0020–3–4240959 Alexandria). E-mail: [email protected] Samples collected in sterile bottles were sent to the 64 GHOZLAN et al. Vol. 52 laboratory, and examined within 2 to 3 h of collection. Halophilic medium (HM) adopted after Ventosa et al. (1982) was used for the isolation and contained in g%: NaCl, 17.8; MgSO4 ·H2O, 0.1; CaCl2 ·2H2O, 0.036; KCl, 0.2; NaHCO3, 0.006; NaBr, 0.023; FeCl3 ·6H2O, traces; bacto-peptone, 0.5; yeast extract, 1.0; glucose, 0.1; agar, 2.0. Agar plates were inoculated with 1 ml of water or soil suspension samples or an appropriate di- lution of the sample and incubated at 30°C for up to 7 days. Samples were analyzed for salinity and major cation (Mg2ϩ, Naϩ, Kϩ) contents according to Ramos-Cor- menzana (1989). Isolates representing different mor- photypes were selected and successively streaked on HM to ensure purity. Selected strains were kept on agar slants of maintenance halophilic media containing 10% (w/v) total marine salts; supplemented with bacto- Fig. 1. Simplified dendrogram showing the clustering of peptone, 0.5; yeast extract, 1.0; glucose, 0.1 and agar, strains into 7 phena based on SSM coefficient and UPGMA 2%. analysis, for 76 moderately halophilic Gram-negative bacteria. Characterization and numerical analysis. The se- * No.ϭNumber of strains. # Ph.ϭPhenon. lected strains were phenotypically characterized as previously described (Ventosa et al., 1982). All tests total isolates were Gram-negative, whereas the Gram- were carried out in cultures incubated at 30°C for up to positive (14 isolates) formed only 15.5% of the total. 7 days. A total of 155 characteristics were used in the Characteristics of the Gram-negative isolates are listed numerical analysis. Positive and negative results were in Table 1. Analysis of 155 characteristics using a SSM coded as 1 and 0, respectively. Strain similarities were coefficient with UPGMA clustering yielded the dendo- estimated using the simple matching coefficient (SSM) gram in Fig. 1. Data show that the majority of the (Sokal and Michenu, 1985) and the clustering was strains were grouped at the 75% similarity level into achieved by the unweighted pair-group method of as- seven phena. Only one strain, isolated from the salt sociation (UPGMA) (Sneath and Sokal, 1973). The lakes, formed a single separate cluster. The estimated test error was estimated by examining 10 strains in du- error was less than 3%. plicate (Sneath and Johnson, 1972). The computations Phenon A. The 6 strains grouped in phenon A were performed by using the SYSTAT-PC program V.7 possess several features that are common to mem- (Wilkinson et al., 1992) on an IBM computer. bers of genus Pseudoalteromonas. It is thus proposed that the strains are different species of this genus. The Results and Discussion data in Table 1 show that all of the strains are long motile rods. They require up to 20% NaCl for growth Increased attention has been given in the last few and tolerate up to 30% salinity. Colonies are round years to moderately halophilic bacteria. Several stud- convex and produce brown pigments. They utilize a ies have been conducted on their ecology, taxonomy wide range of compounds as a carbon source. and phylogeny as well as their biotechnological appli- Phenon B. The orange pigmented bacteria com- cations (Ramos-Cormenzana, 1991; Sanchez-Porro et prising phenon B (six strains) show phenotypic fea- al., 2003; Ventosa et al., 1998a, b). tures closely related to members of genus Flavobac- In the present study, a total of 90 strains chosen to terium. Flavobacterium is placed in the Flexibacer- represent different morphotypes were purified and Bacteroides-Flavobacterium phylum a (Woese et al., characterized with 155 tests. 1990). Flavobacterium is the type genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae which also encompasses several Gram-negative isolates other genera. The majority (76 isolates) representing 84.5% of the Data show that the strains are long rods with gliding 2006 Biodiversity of moderately halophilic bacteria in hypersaline habitats in Egypt 65 Table 1. Frequencies of positive characteristics found in the seven phena (expressed as a percentage of the total scored by each group for the given test). ABCDEFG 664 62723 3 Salt concentration 10% 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 20% 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 30% 17 0 25 17 47 0 0 40% 0 0 25 17 67 0 0 Growth at pH 5 83 83 0 0 100 96 0 pH 9 83 67 100 100 85 57 100 Temperature 10°C 17 83 25 100 93 48 100 Temperature 40°C 0 0 0 0 81 52 0 Biochemical tests Oxidase 100 100 75 100 91 84 100 Methyl red 50 0 0 0 0 0 17 Voges-Proskauer 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 H2S production 83 50 75 83 93 43 0 Nitrate reductase 0 0 25 0 85 74 0 Nitrite reductase 0 0 0 0 85 74 0 Utilization of organic compounds as sole source of carbon and energy Arabinose 0 83 100 50 85 96 100 Mannose 100 100 0 100 85 100 100 Raffinose 17 0 0 17 74 48 100 Rhamnose 83 33 0 17 85 43 100 Ribose 83 100 0 67 85 100 100 Xylose 0 83 100 67 85 100 100 Trehalose 83 100 75 100 100 96 0 Fructose 67 17 50 0 7 52 0 Galactose 67 100 50 67 100 100 100 Sucrose 0 100 100 83 96 100 100 Lactose 0 0 0 0 74 26 100 Maltose 100 100 100 100 100 83 100 Cellobiose 0 17 0 17 100 74 100 Glycerol 33 83 0 100 93 48 100 Mannitol 100 83 75 100 96 96 100 Lactate 33 83 25 100 78 48 100 Utilization of amino acids as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy L-Alanine 83 0 0 100 100 100 100 L-Phenylalanine 100 67 0 100 93 91 100 L-Arginine 100 0 100 100 100 100 100 L-Asparagine 33 67 25 100 93 48 100 L-Tyrosine 0 0 0 33 81 70 67 L-Glutamine 33 83 25 100 93 48 100 L-Glutamic acid 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 L-Cystine 0 0 0 33 0 9 33 L-Cysteine 0 0 0 33 11 13 33 L-Proline 33 100 100 100 100 100 100 L-Histidine 0 50 0 33 74 100 67 66 GHOZLAN et al. Vol. 52 Table 1. (Continued). ABCDEFG 664 62723 3 L-Isoleucine 83 17 0 33 37 78 67 L-Leucine 0 0 0 83 100 91 100 L-Lysine 100 17 100 100 100 100 100 L-Ornithine 0 33 75 33 100 100 0 L-Serine 0 100 0 33 100 100 33 L-Tryptophan 0 83 0 100 89 100 33 L-Methionine 0 17 0 100 81 100 100 L-Threonine 0 0 100 0 33 0 0 L-Valine 100 17 0 100 85 100 100 Acid production from Glucose 100 100 75 50 100 91 100 Galactose 0 100 0 0 0 87 0 Maltose 100 17 0 0 0 4 0 Lactose 0 67 0 0 0 4 0 Sucrose 100 33 75 67 11 17 0 Mannitol 67 0 0 0 4 0 0 Degradation of Alginate 100 50 75 100 44 91 100 Aesculin 0 100 0 0 93 4 0 Chitin 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cellulose 50 50 0 17 0 13 100 Starch 0 50 0 0 0 4 100 Gelatine 67 100 50 0 7 0 33 Casein 100 0 0 0 0 0 100 DNA 100 33 0 33 4 30 33 Tween 20 33 0 0 17 26 13 0 Tween 40 0 67 0 0 67 22 0 Tween 80 50 0 0 50 15 9 100 Antibiotic sensitivity Penicillin G (10 units) 83 33 100 83 7 26 100 Polymyxin B (300 units) 100 83 50 67 93 70 67 Tetracycline (30 mg) 33 33 0 17 11 26 100 Ampicillin (10 mg) 83 100 100 100 30 96 100 Cephalothine (30 mg) 67 0 100 83 15 9 67 Chloramphenicol (30 mg) 83 83 100 100 100 96 100 Novobiocin (30 mg) 83 67 100 100 33 52 100 motility, forming orange round convex colonies.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Comparative
    CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Comparative Genomics and Epigenomics of Sporosarcina ureae A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Biology By Andrew Oliver August 2016 The thesis of Andrew Oliver is approved by: _________________________________________ ____________ Sean Murray, Ph.D. Date _________________________________________ ____________ Gilberto Flores, Ph.D. Date _________________________________________ ____________ Kerry Cooper, Ph.D., Chair Date California State University, Northridge ii Acknowledgments First and foremost, a special thanks to my advisor, Dr. Kerry Cooper, for his advice and, above all, his patience. If I can be half the scientist you are someday, I would be thrilled. I would like to also thank everyone in the Cooper lab, especially my colleagues Courtney Sams and Tabitha Bayangnos. It was a privilege to work along side you. More thanks to my committee members, Dr. Gilberto Flores and Dr. Sean Murray. Dr. Flores, you were instrumental in guiding me to ask the right questions regarding bacterial taxonomy. Dr. Murray, your contributions to my graduate studies would make this section run on for pages. I thank you for taking me under your wing from the beginning. Acknowledgement and thanks to the Baresi lab, especially Dr. Larry Baresi and Tania Kurbessoian for their partnership in this research. Also to Bernardine Pregerson for all the work that lays at the foundation of this study. This research would not be what it is without the help of my childhood friend, Matthew Kay. You wrote programs, taught me coding languages, and challenged me to go digging for answers to very difficult questions.
    [Show full text]
  • Halomonas Almeriensis Sp. Nov., a Moderately Halophilic, 1 Exopolysaccharide-Producing Bacterium from Cabo De Gata
    1 Halomonas almeriensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, 2 exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium from Cabo de Gata (Almería, 3 south-east Spain). 4 5 Fernando Martínez-Checa, Victoria Béjar, M. José Martínez-Cánovas, 6 Inmaculada Llamas and Emilia Quesada. 7 8 Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, 9 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja 10 s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain. 11 12 Running title: Halomonas almeriensis sp. nov. 13 14 Keywords: Halomonas; exopolysaccharides; halophilic bacteria; hypersaline 15 habitats. 16 17 Subject category: taxonomic note; new taxa; γ-Proteobacteria 18 19 Author for correspondence: 20 E. Quesada: 21 Tel: +34 958 243871 22 Fax: +34 958 246235 23 E-mail: [email protected] 24 25 26 The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene 27 sequence of strain M8T is AY858696. 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 1 Summary 2 3 Halomonas almeriensis sp. nov. is a Gram-negative non-motile rod isolated 4 from a saltern in the Cabo de Gata-Níjar wild-life reserve in Almería, south-east 5 Spain. It is moderately halophilic, capable of growing at concentrations of 5% to 6 25% w/v of sea-salt mixture, the optimum being 7.5% w/v. It is chemo- 7 organotrophic and strictly aerobic, produces catalase but not oxidase, does not 8 produce acid from any sugar and does not synthesize hydrolytic enzymes. The 9 most notable difference between this microorganism and other Halomonas 10 species is that it is very fastidious in its use of carbon source. It forms mucoid 11 colonies due to the production of an exopolysaccharide (EPS).
    [Show full text]
  • Thèses Traditionnelles
    UNIVERSITÉ D’AIX-MARSEILLE FACULTÉ DE MÉDECINE DE MARSEILLE ECOLE DOCTORALE DES SCIENCES DE LA VIE ET DE LA SANTÉ THÈSE Présentée et publiquement soutenue devant LA FACULTÉ DE MÉDECINE DE MARSEILLE Le 23 Novembre 2017 Par El Hadji SECK Étude de la diversité des procaryotes halophiles du tube digestif par approche de culture Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTORAT d’AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITÉ Spécialité : Pathologie Humaine Membres du Jury de la Thèse : Mr le Professeur Jean-Christophe Lagier Président du jury Mr le Professeur Antoine Andremont Rapporteur Mr le Professeur Raymond Ruimy Rapporteur Mr le Professeur Didier Raoult Directeur de thèse Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UMR 7278 Directeur : Pr. Didier Raoult 1 Avant-propos : Le format de présentation de cette thèse correspond à une recommandation de la spécialité Maladies Infectieuses et Microbiologie, à l’intérieur du Master des Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé qui dépend de l’Ecole Doctorale des Sciences de la Vie de Marseille. Le candidat est amené à respecter des règles qui lui sont imposées et qui comportent un format de thèse utilisé dans le Nord de l’Europe et qui permet un meilleur rangement que les thèses traditionnelles. Par ailleurs, la partie introduction et bibliographie est remplacée par une revue envoyée dans un journal afin de permettre une évaluation extérieure de la qualité de la revue et de permettre à l’étudiant de commencer le plus tôt possible une bibliographie exhaustive sur le domaine de cette thèse. Par ailleurs, la thèse est présentée sur article publié, accepté ou soumis associé d’un bref commentaire donnant le sens général du travail.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny of the Family Halomonadaceae Based on 23S and 16S Rdna Sequence Analyses
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2002), 52, 241–249 Printed in Great Britain Phylogeny of the family Halomonadaceae based on 23S and 16S rDNA sequence analyses 1 Lehrstuhl fu$ r David R. Arahal,1,2 Wolfgang Ludwig,1 Karl H. Schleifer1 Mikrobiologie, Technische 2 Universita$ tMu$ nchen, and Antonio Ventosa 85350 Freising, Germany 2 Departamento de Author for correspondence: Antonio Ventosa. Tel: j34 954556765. Fax: j34 954628162. Microbiologı!ay e-mail: ventosa!us.es Parasitologı!a, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain In this study, we have evaluated the phylogenetic status of the family Halomonadaceae, which consists of the genera Halomonas, Chromohalobacter and Zymobacter, by comparative 23S and 16S rDNA analyses. The genus Halomonas illustrates very well a situation that occurs often in bacterial taxonomy. The use of phylogenetic tools has permitted the grouping of several genera and species believed to be unrelated according to conventional taxonomic techniques. In addition, the number of species of the genus Halomonas has increased as a consequence of new descriptions, particularly during the last few years, but their features are too heterogeneous to justify their placement in the same genus and, therefore, a re-evaluation seems necessary. We have determined the complete sequences (about 2900 bases) of the 23S rDNA of 18 species of the genera Halomonas and Chromohalobacter and resequenced the complete 16S rDNA sequences of seven species of Halomonas. The results of our analysis show that two phylogenetic groups (respectively containing five and seven species) can be distinguished within the genus Halomonas. Six other species cannot be assigned to either of the above-mentioned groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Diversity of Sediment Bacteria in The
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/638304; this version posted May 14, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Isolation and Diversity of Sediment Bacteria in the 2 Hypersaline Aiding Lake, China 3 4 Tong-Wei Guan, Yi-Jin Lin, Meng-Ying Ou, Ke-Bao Chen 5 6 7 Institute of Microbiology, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China. 8 9 Author for correspondence: 10 Tong-Wei Guan 11 Tel/Fax: +86 028 87720552 12 E-mail: [email protected] 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/638304; this version posted May 14, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 29 Abstract A total of 343 bacteria from sediment samples of Aiding Lake, China, were isolated using 30 nine different media with 5% or 15% (w/v) NaCl. The number of species and genera of bacteria recovered 31 from the different media significantly varied, indicating the need to optimize the isolation conditions. 32 The results showed an unexpected level of bacterial diversity, with four phyla (Firmicutes, 33 Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Rhodothermaeota), fourteen orders (Actinopolysporales, 34 Alteromonadales, Bacillales, Balneolales, Chromatiales, Glycomycetales, Jiangellales, Micrococcales, 35 Micromonosporales, Oceanospirillales, Pseudonocardiales, Rhizobiales, Streptomycetales, and 36 Streptosporangiales), including 17 families, 41 genera, and 71 species.
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Genome Sequence of Halomonas Sp. R5-57 Adele Williamson1* , Concetta De Santi1, Bjørn Altermark1, Christian Karlsen1,2 and Erik Hjerde1
    Williamson et al. Standards in Genomic Sciences (2016) 11:62 DOI 10.1186/s40793-016-0192-4 EXTENDED GENOME REPORT Open Access Complete genome sequence of Halomonas sp. R5-57 Adele Williamson1* , Concetta De Santi1, Bjørn Altermark1, Christian Karlsen1,2 and Erik Hjerde1 Abstract The marine Arctic isolate Halomonas sp. R5-57 was sequenced as part of a bioprospecting project which aims to discover novel enzymes and organisms from low-temperature environments, with potential uses in biotechnological applications. Phenotypically, Halomonas sp. R5-57 exhibits high salt tolerance over a wide range of temperatures and has extra-cellular hydrolytic activities with several substrates, indicating it secretes enzymes which may function in high salinity conditions. Genome sequencing identified the genes involved in the biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant ectoine, which has applications in food processing and pharmacy, as well as those involved in production of polyhydroxyalkanoates, which can serve as precursors to bioplastics. The percentage identity of these biosynthetic genes from Halomonas sp. R5-57 and current production strains varies between 99 % for some to 69 % for others, thus it is plausible that R5-57 may have a different production capacity to currently used strains, or that in the case of PHAs, the properties of the final product may vary. Here we present the finished genome sequence (LN813019) of Halomonas sp. R5-57 which will facilitate exploitation of this bacterium; either as a whole-cell production host, or by recombinant expression of its individual enzymes. Keywords: Halomonas, Growth temperature, Salt tolerance, Secreted enzymes, Osmolyte, Polyhydroxyalkanoates Abbreviations: COG, Cluster of orthologous groups; PHAs, Polyhydroxyalkanoates; RDP, Ribosomal database project; SMRT, Single molecule real-time Introduction H.
    [Show full text]
  • Isolation and Diversity of Sediment Bacteria in The
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/638304; this version posted May 14, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Isolation and Diversity of Sediment Bacteria in the 2 Hypersaline Aiding Lake, China 3 4 Tong-Wei Guan, Yi-Jin Lin, Meng-Ying Ou, Ke-Bao Chen 5 6 7 Institute of Microbiology, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, P. R. China. 8 9 Author for correspondence: 10 Tong-Wei Guan 11 Tel/Fax: +86 028 87720552 12 E-mail: [email protected] 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/638304; this version posted May 14, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 29 Abstract A total of 343 bacteria from sediment samples of Aiding Lake, China, were isolated using 30 nine different media with 5% or 15% (w/v) NaCl. The number of species and genera of bacteria recovered 31 from the different media significantly varied, indicating the need to optimize the isolation conditions. 32 The results showed an unexpected level of bacterial diversity, with four phyla (Firmicutes, 33 Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Rhodothermaeota), fourteen orders (Actinopolysporales, 34 Alteromonadales, Bacillales, Balneolales, Chromatiales, Glycomycetales, Jiangellales, Micrococcales, 35 Micromonosporales, Oceanospirillales, Pseudonocardiales, Rhizobiales, Streptomycetales, and 36 Streptosporangiales), including 17 families, 41 genera, and 71 species.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization and Identification of Some Aerobic Spore- Forming Bacteria Isolated from Saline Habitat, West Coastal Region, Saudi Arabia
    IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 12, Issue 2 Ver. II (Mar. - Apr.2017), PP 14-19 www.iosrjournals.org Characterization and Identification of Some Aerobic Spore- Forming Bacteria Isolated From Saline Habitat, West Coastal Region, Saudi Arabia 1* 1 2 1,3 Naheda Alshammari , Fatma Fahmy , Sahira Lari and Magda Aly 1Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 3Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafr el-Sheikh University, Egypt Abstract: Ten isolates of aerobic endospore- forming moderately halophilic bacteria were isolated fromsaline habitat at the west coastal region near Jeddah. All isolates that were Gram positive, catalase positive andshowing different colony morphology and shapes were studied. They were mesophilic, neutralophilic, with temperature range 20-40°C and pH range 7-9. The isolates were separating into two distinct groups facultative anaerobic strictly aerobic. One isolate was identified as Paenibacillus dendritiformis, two isolates as Bacillus oleronius, two isolates as P. alvei, three isolates belong to B. subtilis and B. atrophaeus, and finally two isolates was identified as Bacillus sp. Furthermore, two aerobic endospore-forming cocci, isolated from salt-march soil in Germany were tested for their taxonomical status and used as reference isolates and these isolates belong to the species Halobacillus halophilus. Chemotaxonomic characteristics represented by cell wall analysis and fatty acid profiles of some selected isolates were studied to determine the differences between species. Keywords: Halobacillus, Bacillus, spore, mesophilic, physiological, morphological I. Introduction Aerobic spore-forming bacteria represent a major microflora in many natural biotopes and play an important role in ecosystem development.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection of Indigenous Halobacillus Populations in Damaged Ancient
    APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Oct. 2001, p. 4891–4895 Vol. 67, No. 10 0099-2240/01/$04.00ϩ0 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4891–4895.2001 Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Detection of Indigenous Halobacillus Populations in Damaged Ancient Wall Paintings and Building Materials: Molecular Monitoring and Cultivation GUADALUPE PIN˜ AR,1* CAYO RAMOS,2† SABINE RO¨ LLEKE,3 CLAUDIA SCHABEREITER-GURTNER,1 1 1 1 DIETMAR VYBIRAL, WERNER LUBITZ, AND EWALD B. M. DENNER Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria1; Institute of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark2; and Genalysis GmbH, D-14943 Luckenwalde, Germany3 Received 6 April 2001/Accepted 16 July 2001 Several moderately halophilic gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria have been isolated by conventional enrichment cultures from damaged medieval wall paintings and building materials. Enrichment and isolation were monitored by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and fluorescent in situ hybridization. 16S ribosomal DNA analysis showed that the bacteria are most closely related to Halobacillus litoralis. DNA-DNA reassocia- tion experiments identified the isolates as a population of hitherto unknown Halobacillus species. Recently, a number of investigations based on molecular cording to the protocol described by Ausubel et al. (1). Am- techniques (9, 22, 24, 25) as well as on cultivation techniques plification of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) using specific ar- (10, 16, 17, 27) have demonstrated that objects of art and chaeal primers (22) did not give any positive results, indicating building materials may be habitats for extremely salt tolerant that no Archaea were present in the enrichment cultures.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Information
    K-mer similarity, networks of microbial genomes and taxonomic rank Guillaume Bernard, Paul Greenfield, Mark A. Ragan, Cheong Xin Chan. Supplementary Figures Legends # Supplementary Figure S1: P- network of prokaryote phyla using !" with k=25, based on rRNAs. Edges represent connections between isolates of two phyla. The node size is proportional to the number of isolates in a phylum. Distance threshold = 6. Supplementary Figure S2: PCA analysis performed on the raw data of the COG categories profile for each genus. Each phylum is color-coded. Supplementary Figure S3: PCA analysis performed on the raw data of the COG categories profile for each genus. Each genus is color-coded according to the number of isolates. Supplementary Figure S4: PCA analysis performed on the normalised counts of center-scaled COG categories. Each phylum is color-coded. Supplementary Tables Legends Supplementary Table S1: List of the 2785 isolates used in this analysis. Supplementary Table S2: Network analysis of the I-network for 2705 complete genomes of bacteria and archaea. Supplementary Table S3: Network analysis of the I-network for 2616 genomes of bacteria and archaea, with rRNA genes removed. Supplementary Table S4: Network analysis of the rRNA gene sequences I-network of 2616 bacterial and archaeal isolates. Supplementary Table S5: Network analysis of the plasmid genomes I-network of 921 bacterial and plasmid genomes. Supplementary Table S6: Statistics of core k-mers for 151 genera. Supplementary Table S7: COG category profiles for 16 phyla. 1 Figure S1
    [Show full text]
  • Quorum Sensing in Some Representative Species of Halomonadaceae
    Life 2013, 3, 260-275; doi:10.3390/life3010260 OPEN ACCESS life ISSN 2075-1729 www.mdpi.com/journal/life Article Quorum Sensing in Some Representative Species of Halomonadaceae Ali Tahrioui 1, Melanie Schwab 1, Emilia Quesada 1,2 and Inmaculada Llamas 1,2,* 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain; E-Mails: [email protected] (A.T.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (E.Q.) 2 Biotechnology Research Institute, Polígono Universitario de Fuentenueva, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-958-243871; Fax: +34-958-246235. Received: 7 December 2012; in revised form: 18 January 2013 / Accepted: 22 February 2013 / Published: 5 March 2013 Abstract: Cell-to-cell communication, or quorum-sensing (QS), systems are employed by bacteria for promoting collective behaviour within a population. An analysis to detect QS signal molecules in 43 species of the Halomonadaceae family revealed that they produced N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), which suggests that the QS system is widespread throughout this group of bacteria. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of crude AHL extracts, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens NTL4 (pZLR4) as biosensor strain, resulted in different profiles, which were not related to the various habitats of the species in question. To confirm AHL production in the Halomonadaceae species, PCR and DNA sequencing approaches were used to study the distribution of the luxI-type synthase gene. Phylogenetic analysis using sequence data revealed that 29 of the species studied contained a LuxI homolog.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Minimal Standards for Describing New Taxa of the Family Halomonadaceae
    International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2007), 57, 2436–2446 DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.65430-0 Recommended minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Halomonadaceae David R. Arahal,1 Russell H. Vreeland,2 Carol D. Litchfield,3 Melanie R. Mormile,4 Brian J. Tindall,5 Aharon Oren,6 Victoria Bejar,7 Emilia Quesada7 and Antonio Ventosa8 Correspondence 1Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT) and Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Antonio Ventosa University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain [email protected] 2Ancient Biomaterials Institute and Department of Biology, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19383, USA 3Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA 4Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, MO 65401, USA 5German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Inhoffenstrasse 7b, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany 6The Institute of Life Sciences and the Moshe Shilo Minerva Center for Marine Biogeochemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel 7Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain 8Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain Following Recommendation 30b of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision), a proposal of minimal standards for describing new taxa within the family Halomonadaceae is presented. An effort has been made to evaluate as many different approaches as possible, not only the most conventional ones, to ensure that a rich polyphasic characterization is given. Comments are given on the advantages of each particular technique. The minimal standards are considered as guidelines for authors to prepare descriptions of novel taxa.
    [Show full text]