JANUARY tem to tern 2016 A Newsletter for our Maritime Studies Alumni and Friends v o l u m e 32 pS r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s S e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y g r e e n v i l l e n c

NOAA’s Research 2015 RAMP Expedition, Hawaii. . . . story on page 6

From the Editorial Staff / Director 3 Maritimers on the Road: 2015 Conference 4 Maritime Studies Association 5 NOAA’s Research 2015 RAMP Expedition, Hawaii 6 Remote Sensing off Rodanthe 7 Summer Field School in Costa Rica 9 South Africa 10 St. Augustine’s Storm Wreck 11 Livorno, Italy 12 RPM Nautical Foundation, Sicily and Montenegro 13 Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary 14 Fall Field School in Pamlico, NC 15 Fall Field School in Garrett Bay, Wisconsin 16 North Carolina Maritime Museum 17 Ahoy Mates! Welcome to ECU 20 Where are our Maritimers now? 23 Thank you for your support! The Program in Maritime Studies is extremely thankful for contributions made tem to tern by our readers and friends. This year, we saw an increase in donations made to the S. . . a newsletter of East CarolinaS University’s program via Stem to Stern. These contributions fund a scholarship that helps to Program in Maritime Studies alleviate the cost of education and research for students in the program. Program graduates who donate $50 and outside contributors who donate $100 will receive Core Faculty: the medallion pictured below in the mail. We thank you for supporting the Bradley A. Rodgers, PhD, Director Program in Maritime Studies! Lynn B. Harris, PhD – Katherine Clevenger Jennifer McKinnon, PhD Nathan Richards, PhD David J. Stewart, PhD Contributing Faculty: Wade Dudley, PhD Michael A. Palmer, PhD Staff Archaeologist: Jason Raupp, PhD Outside Contributor: PHOTO TO SCALE Jeffrey Royal, PhD

Office Manager: Dr. James M. Allan Mr. John B. Parks Karen Underwood Dr. and Mrs. Lawrence Babits Mr. and Mrs. Phillip F. Reid Editor: Mr. Matthew Brenckle Dr. Bradley A. Rodgers Katherine Clevenger Mr. Peter Campbell Dr. and Mrs. Timothy J. Runyan Mr. and Mrs. James Cheatham Mr. and Mrs. John N. Smith III Assistant Editor: Mr. and Mrs. Robert Holcombe, Jr. Mr. Edward Urban Martha Mihich Mr. and Mrs. John Hoyt Mr. and Mrs. Lonnie Urban Mr. Joshua Marano Dr. and Mrs. Stephen Workman Published annually by the Program in Maritime Studies, East Carolina University. Mr. Sam Newell Mr. Joseph W. Zarzynski Readers are encouraged to submit informa- tion and news to the editor. Any suggestions or comments should be directed to the editor. We look forward to hearing from you. If you would like to receive a free sub- scription to Stem to Stern, please telephone 252-328-6097, fax 252-328-6754, or write: If you would like to continue receiving Stem to Stern, please send in the enclosed Stem to Stern pre-addressed, pre-paid envelope and let us know. All you have to do is insert a Program in Maritime Studies card with your name, address, and professional position. If you want to Admiral Ernest M. Eller House send a donation to support the program, a specific project, or Stem to Stern, East Carolina University please feel free to do so. -Thank you Greenville, NC 27858-4353 Please visit the ECU Maritime Studies website at www.ecu.edu/maritime for FRONT COVER: Anchor from Churchill at French Shoals. (Photo: Andy Collins/ additional news and information about the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument) program. A digital copy of this newsletter BACK COVER: Divers explore shipwreck of the tanker Mission San Miguel at Maro . (Photo: Tate Wester/ University of Hawai i at Mānoa) can be viewed online at http://www.ecu.edu/ ʻ maritime/publications. 1,500 copies of this public document were printed at a cost of $3,138.15 or $2.09 per copy. ASC-000924 (11/15)

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 2 Stem to Stern • From the Editorial Staff: From the Editorial Staff: It has been another exciting year for the Program in Maritime Studies! This year’s newsletter highlights the many achievements of current and past students. Several recent graduates acquired exciting jobs, and some not so recent graduates have been presented with awards. This past summer, students interned in the Mediterranean, Sweden, Florida, and North Carolina. Returning students and faculty welcomed thirteen first-years into the maritime family at the Welcome Aboard party. We said a fond farewell to Dr. Carl Swanson at the end of the Spring 2015 semester and welcomed the new staff archaeologist, Dr. Jason Raupp, to the program. Please read on to explore the program’s accomplishments from this past year! – Katherine Clevenger

I first read Stem to Stern when I was researching East Carolina University, and I instantly knew that this was the place for me. Getting to read about all of the projects that Maritime students have participated in was exciting. Being the assistant editor has been challenging, but fun, and I have definitely learned a lot. Continue reading to find out more about what the ECU Maritime students have been up to. – Martha Mihich

From From the the Quarterdeck: Quarterdeck: As I contemplate the past year from Marine Preserves and Sea Grant, and the funding, and many a young bronco graduate the Fleetwing Project here in Wisconsin, it Navy, as well as at the state level with CSI, student has endured getting their burrs occurs to me that my career has come nearly the WSHS, the NC Division of Archive clipped! But humility opens doors. full circle, paralleling the maturing of the Submerged Cultural Resource Unit, and In other news, we said goodbye to Dr. Program in Maritime Studies. Nearly thirty state agencies in Maryland, Virginia, Florida, Calvin Mires, our Staff Archaeologist and years ago, three young men - two budding and South Carolina. We have also teamed longtime friend. He will be missed but not archaeologists and an electrical engineer - with academic units, such as MOP at the forgotten, and, with his new duties with the fought off black flies, equipment breakdown University of Hawaii, and museums, such as PAST Foundation, we will likely be working (all of our equipment was begged, borrowed, the Bermuda Maritime Museum, the Two with him again. Replacing him will be Dr. Jen or stolen, including an old beat up van that Rivers Maritime Museum, Mackinaw State McKinnon’s other half, Dr. Jason Raupp, who got us here), uncertain methodology, and a Park, and the Wisconsin Maritime Museum. comes to us from the University of Flinders lack of experience in recognizing just what it Now we have gone full circle revisiting and, until recently, has been the motor was we were looking at, to document for the friends (that we have often trained) in not- attached to Abe’s baby stroller. Something first time archaeologically a wrecked 19th for-profit enterprises such as PAST, RPM tells me Abe will not need anybody else century schooner in Lake Michigan, or more Nautical Foundation, and the Inland Seas pushing him around in a very short time. technically Green Bay. We revisited the site Institute, our field school’s current sponsor. And in a year of goodbyes, I also say a this year to study just what three decades In this light, it cannot be emphasized heartfelt goodbye to my friend and colleague, of Cultural Resource Management and site enough how these partnerships not only Dr. Carl Swanson. I could always count on formation processes have wrought on the influence our program logistically, but also Carl to cross our every “T” (maritime pun Fleetwing. philosophically. We enjoy our partnerships; intended) and dot our every “i.” His research The early Fleetwing project was these people and institutions are our in privateering was ground breaking, and instrumental in more than just planting our friends, allies, and have become places of his classes were always filled with eager flag in the Great Lakes region, an area of employment! This arrangement is very archaeologists, who soon learned the value of research that has produced some two dozen unusual in an academic setting and, along historical research in their repertoire of other master’s theses to date for our program. It with our 220 alums, has become the very skills. Carl and I’s battles in racquetball were opened a thirty year partnership with the basis of our network. Our students are legendary (at least in our own minds!). You Wisconsin State Historical Society that goes not only trained to work in teams but to will also be missed my friend. on successfully to this day. More than that, it recognize the possibilities that other people Let me conclude this by stating again continued our commitment to partnerships and institutions bring to the research table. that the other secret to our successful around the world. These partnerships allow Our original philosophy of NEED and production of more Register of Professional us to fund and sponsor our fieldwork; NECESSITY for an underfunded program Archaeologists (RPA) members than any boats, dive equipment, underwater has turned out to be our GREATEST GIFT! other archaeological program in the world is instrumentation, and the training to operate We work well with others, from an individual the fact that nobody is exempt from working them. These resources are not cheap and level to an organizational level. Obviously, in the field. Students here continue to get can be far better handled with partners. this philosophy does not come without pain. more field and underwater training time Our partnerships have included state and At times ego must be checked at the door, than any other program. This equates to job federal agencies, such as NOAA, NOAA’s from sharing publication credit to research continued on page 4… p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 3 Program. So it is time for me to really get family. So please read in this Stem to Stern, Quarterdeck back to work, but before I do, I would like the exploits of our graduate students and continued from page 3 to shout out kudos to Dr. Jen McKinnon for professors with field schools as far ranging gaining tenure with our program. This is not as Costa Rica with Drs. Harris and Richards, skill and experience. As a professor, it means an easy task, as is demonstrated herein we the NC Outer Banks with Dr. Richards, that no amount of money, publication, maintain a busy field and research schedule. the Pamlico with Dr. Stewart, and the teaching load, prestige, gray hair, or aching Jen and Jason have started a family, never land of cheese curds and beer with myself, backs keeps you from your yearly research an easy task these days, and are a lesson to reminiscing about old times and friends. rotation, not even being the Director of the all; you can be a field researcher and have a – Dr. Bradley Rodgers Maritimers on the Road: 2015 Conference onference SHA C - the students had the opportunity to explore end, the ECU team arose victorious and each th the amazing sites offered by the city. These team member won free registration to the 48 Annual Conference incredible sites included the historic Pike 2016 annual SHA conference. on Historical and Place Fish Market, the famed Space Needle, The 2015 SHA conference was a success and the weathered old tugboats on display at and all the students benefitted immensely Northwest Seaport. ECU students also par- from attending. Students were provided the ticipated in other interesting events setup by opportunity to mingle, listen, and debate In January 2015, East Carolina the committee members of SHA. This year, issues in archaeology with dozens of past, University’s Program in Maritime Studies students Nicholas DeLong, Nathan King, present, and possibly future ECU maritime sent eleven students and three faculty Ivor Mollema, and Mateusz Polakowski de- students. With stories resonating around members to Seattle, Washington to present cided to participate in the conference’s Ethics the walls of Eller House about the intriguing at the 48th Annual Society for Historical Bowl, which placed the ECU team against a discussion, intelligent lectures, and profes- Archaeology conference. The theme of the team of students from Wesleyan University sional connections made during the 2015 2015 SHA conference was “Peripheries and and the University of Idaho. The student SHA conference, current students, both Boundaries,” a theme chosen because it re- Ethics Bowl posed a tough case study to conference veterans and first time present- flected the unique history and culture of the the students, who were then given the op- ers, are gearing up for what should be an region. While ECU students have presented portunity to come up with the most ethical equally exciting 2016 conference being held at SHA in previous years, never before has to the situation. Though both teams in Washington D.C. the Maritime program had so many students debated vigorously and intelligently, in the – Nicholas DeLong eagerly sign up for the call for papers. The Maritime Studies Association, an organiza- tion devoted to supporting the maritime A New Face in Eller: Dr. Jason Raupp students, worked to help provide financial support and funding for presenting students Jason Raupp holds a B.A. in Anthropology from and, in the end, were able to find the re- Northwestern State University (Natchitoches, sources to help offset the costs for the large Louisiana), a M.A. in History and Historical group. Maritimers Jeremy Borrelli, Ryan Archaeology from the University of West Florida Bradley, Nicholas DeLong, Bill Fleming, (Pensacola, Florida), and a PhD in Archaeology Kara Fox, Nathan King, Ivor Mollema, from Flinders University (Adelaide, South Australia). Over the past twenty years, he has been Mateusz Polakowski, Alyssa Reisner, William involved with maritime and terrestrial archaeo- Sassorossi, and Jeneva Wright, along with

logical research projects in the U.S., West Africa, ollins C Drs. Lynn Harris, Jennifer McKinnon, and

Australia, Asia, and the Pacific region. He has exten- ndy A Calvin Mires all presented on their various sive experience in public and private sector cultural : field projects and research interests. The heritage management, as well as diving and boating photo group of ECU students and faculty presented safety. Before moving to Greenville in 2013, Jason on an array of topics, which ranged all over lived in Australia, where he worked as the Technical Officer for Flinders University’s the world, from World War II sites in Saipan Department of Archaeology and later as a consultant archaeologist and historian to to ancient shipwrecks in the waters of the cultural heritage management firms, heritage agencies, and museums around the Mediterranean Sea. country. Jason’s research interests include historic fisheries, and his PhD dissertation The conference was held at the Sheraton focused on early to mid-nineteenth century pelagic whaling and the industrial aspects Hotel in the heart of the city of Seattle. When of the ships employed in the Pacific region. not presenting or attending talks and panels,

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 4 Stem to Stern • Maritime Studies Association:A Continuing Tradition our students. The fall semester ended Jennifer McKinnon and her husband Jason with the annual Christmas party, held at for opening their house to us and Katherine Winslow’s, offering a reprieve from the Clevenger for cooking all of the delicious long semester. food! The spring 2015 semester opened The fall 2015 Welcome Aboard Party, with the annual Society for Historical held at Eller House, offered a chance to Archaeology conference held in Seattle, mingle with returning students, professors, Washington. MSA helped provide and even the Dean of the Graduate School funding for eleven students, who pre- Dr. Paul Gemperline, and welcome into the sented their research to the professional fold thirteen first-year students to the pro- community and made connections gram. It was a great success, with not only for further opportunities. In February, the presence of the Dean and numerous our annual fundraiser, Sea Biscuits and professors, but also members of the QAR Bitters, occurred. Hosted at Dr. Jennifer Conservation Lab, a common volunteer lo- McKinnon’s house, the fundraiser was cation for many of our students. Thanks to very successful, not only in gathering Emily Schwalbe and Elise Carroll for host- funds for future MSA projects, but also ing the after party at their house. The fall in bringing together current and past Tar River float trip, although small in num- students to connect and recount their ber and with a barely flowing river, allowed

Maritimers and friends enjoying the end of semester adventures from the past year. Thanks for more mingling between the recurring crawfish boil. to all who came and a special thanks to and new students. Dr. McKinnon for graciously hosting us. Plans for the coming year include host- This past year, the Maritime Studies March continued with meetings and ing a variety of visiting speakers, including Association (MSA) continued to provide the election of new officers. The officers for Kim Kenyon from the QAR Conservation unique opportunities and experiences for the 2015-2016 school year are: Lab and Josh Marano from NPS, and sev- students. MSA functions as an association President: Katherine Clevenger eral workshops. As always, MSA will aid in that assists students in making connections Vice President: Emily Schwalbe sending numerous students to the Society throughout the professional sphere and Treasurer: Scott Rose of Historical Archaeology conference in provides funding for conferences. The asso- Secretary: Elizabeth Pratt Washington D.C. in January 2016. Thank ciation also organizes social events through- Historian: Allyson Ropp you to the members and officers, both old out the year for members and friends of the Dive Liaison: Mitchell Freitas and new, for making this past year fantastic! program to come together. MSA’s support April saw a flurry of activity as the se- aids students who attend the Society for mester wrapped up. Mateusz Polakowski of- – Allyson Ropp Historical Archaeology’s conference, as well fered a photogrammetry workshop as other conferences each year, where many in Eller House. He introduced students present their research. members to the process of using MSA activities began right of the bat in photos to make 3D images. The the fall 2014 semester with the Welcome annual “Blackout Party,” celebrat- Aboard Party and Tar River float trip. These ing the completion of the zero vis- opportunities allowed the new students ibility underwater obstacle course, to be brought into the program and get to was a great success. MSA would know the professors and older students, as like to thank Nicholas DeLong, well as a chance to take a break following Ryan Bradley, and Jeremy Borrelli the first week of school. Later in October, for hosting the event at their home. students displayed creative costumes at The semester ended with a the Halloween party. Thanks to Nicholas crawfish boil. A new event, the DeLong, Ryan Bradley, and Jeremy Borrelli boil brought everyone together for hosting the event. Throughout the one last time before the summer, semester, we had speakers, such as ECU allowing members to celebrate the graduate Josh Marano, join in on our meet- successes of another year and en- ings to offer advice and opportunities to joy really good food. Thanks to Dr. Elise Carroll drying out after checkout dives in the quarry. p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 5 On the Job - NOAA’s Research 2015 RAMP Expedition, Hawaii Pinch me. That was my first thought Laysan Island. Corps Ensign on the ship Steven Solari, when I was asked to participate in the Based on archival research and histori- and PMNM Maritime Heritage Program 2015 Reef Assessment and Monitoring cal documents about each area, the team Coordinator Dr. Kelly Keogh, who pre- Program (RAMP) expedition to the knew the general locations of shipwrecks pared us with all the background and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). and shipwreck survivor camps. Searching search points for the shipwreck prior to I could not quite be- the expedition. We used Coast Guard lieve I was invited to reports to chart the route of the ves- join a month-long sel before it wrecked, providing us research venture at with a direction of travel and general sea on board NOAA location of the wrecking area. On the ship Hi’ialakai to such day that we located the anchors, we a remote place in the replicated the last reported compass world. NOAA per- bearing of the tanker and watched the sonnel were joined Fathometer for sudden shallow read- by various partners ings. We donned SCUBA gear and to study and monitor jumped in on one particularly shallow fish, algae, corals, and reading, finding ourselves at the stern other invertebrates; section of the tanker. It was an amaz- conduct coral health studies; and explore maritime heritage in Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM). PMNM was desig- Stern wheel from Navy tanker Mission San Miguel nated by Presidential (as it lays on its port side). Proclamation 8031 on June 15, 2006. At 139,797 square miles, the Monument is for sites involved the use the largest fully-protected area in U.S. of scooters, drift dives, territory, larger than all other national and surveys. marine sanctuaries or national parks com- After investing great ef- bined. The NWHI are a chain of islands, fort, it was satisfying and atolls, and shoals extending approximately exciting when we made 1,240 miles northwest from the main discoveries. Perhaps the

Hawaiian Islands. Since 2000, RAMP ex- most significant find noa ā M

at

peditions have taken place to collect data was a Navy tanker that i ’ a w on biological and cultural aspects in the wrecked in 1957. The a H

of Monument. team first located the In late July, I joined Dr. Jason Raupp, anchors during a visual niversity U PMNM staff member Andy Collins, and search in an area near a / ester

University of Hawaii student Rebecca reef line. W ate T

Weible. Together, we constituted the The ship structure, : hotos

maritime heritage team during the 2015 the stern section of P expedition. Our goals were to investi- which was still com- Divers on stern section of Navy tanker Mission San Miguel. gate and monitor known shipwreck sites, plete and laying on its search for reported underwater sites, port side, was a few and conduct terrestrial surveys on select hundred meters away from the anchors ing moment: to suddenly turn around and islands. We visited seven sites over a pe- and sat in twenty-four meters of water. It be faced with a giant and eerie vessel that riod of thirty days: French Frigate Shoals, was located through the spectacular ef- has not been seen for fifty-eight years. Maro Reef, Pearl and Hermes Atoll, Kure forts of the team, including our amazing The rest of that day was spent exploring Atoll, Midway Atoll, Lisianski Island, and small-boat captain Ryan Harris, a NOAA continued on page 8…

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 6 Stem to Stern • On the Job - Remote Sensing off Rodanthe During the summer, ECU students After the initial preparations were James Kinsella, Adam Parker, and Scott made, everyone loaded into the truck Rose were each awarded graduate as- and headed to the survey area. This sistantships through a grant to the UNC was located adjacent to Rodanthe on Coastal Studies Institute (CSI) under Hatteras Island on the Outer Banks of the supervision of Dr. Nathan Richards. North Carolina. The work was one part of an interdis- This project consisted of two dis- ciplinary project awarded by the North tinct parts, the first of which was a Carolina Department of Transportation, shoreline survey. A 360,000 square titled “Design and Siting of Deposition foot area of coastline was surveyed, Locations for Dredged Material from the sampled, and mapped. All cultural ma- Rodanthe to Stump Emergency Ferry terial was recorded in situ. Each of the Channel.” The project focuses on coming students’ maps were then digitized and up with innovative uses for dredged sedi- assimilated into an overall site map. ments from Pamlico Sound. An archaeo- A metal detector was also utilized to logical component included a marine de- locate potentially buried objects. All bris assessment to support the work of CSI of the points of interest and boundary geologists and ecologists. The summer’s markers were recorded as GPS points work followed six months of planning and to be used in a final report. historical research about the area that iden- The second part of the project tified no likely shipwreck candidates in the involved marine acoustic (side-scan area (other than a gravel barge abandoned ) and magnetic (magnetometer) in the 1960s and surveyed by ECU and survey. This portion required the use CSI in 2010). of a vessel and much more equipment. The crew met each morning at CSI The vessel was fitted ahead of time Adam Parker and Scott Rose deploying the StarFish where preparations were made to the ves- and was ready to be deployed when side-scan sonar. sel and equipment to be used that day. conditions were acceptable. Computer equipment, power supplies, hardware. The duties were swapped about magnetometer, sonar, cables, every two hours. This gave students time and lots of lines were loaded, at the helm, which will be useful later when routed, and situated in prepara- applied to boating certifications. tion for the survey. Each morn- After the data was gathered each day, it ing, the only things that needed was uploaded to cloud storage for later pro- to be loaded were the batteries cessing. On bad weather days, the students and personal bags. would process data. This consisted of bot- Each day’s survey work be- tom tracking the sonar data and identifying gan after the boat was launched possible targets, cleaning up the magne- and navigated to the starting tometer data for interpolation, and digitiz- point. During the short trip to ing shoreline survey maps. The students the starting point for that par- received highly valuable experience in the ticular day, all of the equipment use of GPS and remote sensing survey and was unpacked, set up, and tested shallow water seabed search and recording, to ensure good data would be all hopefully proving useful in their future obtained. Once the survey had employment. The collated data will be uti- begun, the team members trad- lized in concert with datasets from the oth- ed duties throughout the day. s er scientific teams in order to determine d One person would monitor the ichar the best location for deposition of dredge R data and another person would material, where it causes minimal ecologi- athan N

. drive the boat. A third would r cal, geological, physical, and maritime heri- : D monitor the magnetometer and tage impact or may provide ecological and hotos P cable. The last would keep look- recreational benefit. James Kinsella and Scott Rose recovering the magnetometer out and monitor the side-scan sensor. – Bryan Scott Rose

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 7 prepare equipment and plans for the next moment. It is hard to pick my favorite mo- Hawaii site. This year, our team was privileged to ment; every facet of the cruise was new continued from page 6 have the chance to go onshore three is- and exciting to me. There was, however, lands: Green Island at Kure Atoll, Laysan one day three monk seals swam over to the site, taking photographs and basic Island, and Lisianski Island. There, we our boat to see what we were doing. The measurements, and searching for other searched for shipwreck survivor camps curious creatures poked their heads out of wreckage in the area. Because the wreck is and remnants of guano farming establish- the water to watch us and play at the bow in a protected Monument with restricted ments. Though we did not find much on before swimming off. We were happy to access, we were able to see a virgin wreck, the islands, it was amazing to see monk have the chance to see these endangered complete with intact portholes and a seals sunning themselves on the beach animals in their natural environment. ship’s wheel. and meet researchers who live on the is- My sincere gratitude goes to Dr. Kelly At Midway Atoll, we made another land to study the seals. Keogh, Dr. Jason Raupp, and Dr. Jennifer discovery: a WWII-era plane hidden in a Our journey was extended due to the McKinnon for considering me for this groove in the reef. The first thing we spot- threat of impending hurricanes, causing year’s expedition. Not only was I able to ted was the large three and a half meter us to backtrack and evacuate research- gain experience in a beautiful and remote propeller. Hull debris and other mechani- ers from field camps on three of the is- area in the Pacific, I was able to encounter cal parts pocked the area, though some of lands. We encountered rolling seas, but life on a ship and build lasting relation- the debris was camouflaged in the reef. It it was all a part of the experience and ships with amazing people. Many thanks is likely that this plane crashed during the our Commanding Officer kept us out of also to the other hardworking team mem- Battle of Midway in 1942. Researchers are harm’s way. We made it to Pearl Harbor bers with whom I spent most of my time: still working to identify it. safe and sound and only three days late. Rebecca Weible, Andy Collins, and Ryan Transit between islands provided a I have been told each visitor to the Harris. chance to catch up on data processing and Monument has his or her own “Ah-ha!” – Melissa Price

ECU Maritimers Receive Awards and Internships

Stem to Stern is pleased to announce news of the following awards and internships:

Lauren Christian Patrick Merrigan Evelyn and Joseph Boyette Graduate Fellowship in Barbara and Matthews Landers Graduate Fellowship in History History

Edward Erhart Morgan Pierce Admiral Ernest M. Eller in Modern Naval History R.N. Lokken Scholarship in Early American History

Ian Hazel Allyson Ropp Paul Murray Graduate Scholarship in History Internship with the North Carolina Maritime Museum William Hamlin and Mary Q. Tuttle Graduate (Beaufort, NC) Scholarship in European History Bryan Scott Rose Nathaniel King William Hamlin and Mary Q. Tuttle Graduate Internship with the Marine Archeology Program at the Scholarship in European History Historical Commission Emily Schwalbe James Kinsella R.N. Lokken Scholarship in Early American History Barbara and Matthews Landers Graduate Fellowship in History Sara Spatafore Lawrence F. Brewster Graduate Fellowship in History

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 8 Stem to Stern • Photo: Dr. Lynn Harris Field school participants help fishermen dock their boats. In the Field - Summer Field School in Costa Rica This summer, a group of first-year such as fire coral and lionfish, presented was able to create a 3D model of the lo- students participated in a field school some challenges to the diving portion cal landmark. In addition to working on in exotic Cahuita, Costa Rica. Cahuita, of the project. Despite these challenges, these sites, the group also undertook a a small town on the Caribbean side of the team was able to completely map number of other projects, ranging from Costa Rica, is about a four-hour drive both sites during the two and a half to more traditional social through winding mountain roads from weeks on site. Students recorded the can- anthropology. While diving, students not San Jose. Led by Dr. Lynn Harris, Dr. nons and anchors on the Cannon Site only recorded sites but also performed Nathan Richards, Dive Safety Officer in great detail, employing trilateration fish and coral counts to gain more infor- Jason Nunn, and Crew Chiefs Melissa to map each artifact precisely. The Brick mation about the diverse marine envi- Price, Hannah Piner, and Jeremy Borrelli, Site was mapped by running a 50 meter ronment. Throughout the project, Dr. the team braved strong currents, fire baseline across the brick pile and using Harris instructed students in small boat coral, and a few rounds of Montezuma’s offset measurements to draw each brick recording. Cahuita has a prominent fish- revenge to successfully complete a wide to scale. Individual drawings were then ing community, and students were able to range of tasks in the field. added to a larger map, which represented record several locally made boats as part The primary goal of the field school the site in its entirety. continued on page 23… was mapping two submerged sites lo- Above water, cated in Cahuita National Park, believed Dr. Richards led to be remnants of two 18th century work on record- wrecks. This was a unique opportunity; ing El Lanchon, a in the park is only permit- barge that has been ted for those with scientific passports, converted into a so the location was largely undisturbed fishing dock in the by recreational divers. Each morning, town of Puerto local fishermen generously transported Viejo. In addition field school participants to the sites in to taking basic their small fishing boats. The first loca- measurements of tion, called the Cannon Site, consisted of this site, students

s about a dozen cannons and two anchors. also thoroughly d ichar R

The second location, the Brick Site, was photographed the

mostly composed of a large pile of yellow site. These photo- athan N . bricks. Both sites were located in shallow graphs were used r : D

water, typically between eight and twenty for photogramme- hoto P feet, although the currents and sea life, try, and the team Maritimers Schwalbe and Clevenger work on the Brick Site.

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 9 On the Job - South Africa learned about the atrocities carried out dur- ing apartheid. Evidences found in this mu- seum show how an entire community was destroyed due to the color of its skin. At the Cape of Good Hope, we sur- veyed the remains of the WWII bunkers. The bunkers were photographed and their coordinates were recorded. We also toured the lighthouse, making it all the way to the top. Near the lighthouse, we surveyed the remains of the SS Thomas T. Tucker. The iran d ye

O bow of the ship still sits on the rocks, as if

ale w

e the wrecking had just happened. We took d A : down descriptions of the wreck, as well as hotos

P its coordinates. Next we left for Simon’s Students document a replica of Bartolomeu Dias’ . Town, where we documented historical The theme for this year’s study abroad left Robben Island for Langa Township, British and Dutch buildings. We took pho- program in South Africa was “Tavern of the where we witnessed the hardships and dif- tographs and GPS coordinates of several Seas: The Maritime and Urban Heritage ficulties the people of that town endured monuments in the town. We also docu- of Pre- and Post-Apartheid Cape Town.” as a result of apartheid. We also visited the mented the burial ground of the Kroomen, Students and faculty from the Program in South African Parliament, where we learned African sailors recruited locally by the Maritime Studies were joined by several about the history of the South African pre- British Royal Navy. The following day, we students from various departments to study and post-apartheid government. We toured went on a fishing trip to Kalk Bay, a local the maritime and urban history of pre- and both the old and new chambers, taking note fishing community where we conducted post-apartheid South Africa. To guide us of their architectural designs. research on the fishing industry. with our study, we read the award-winning We then visited the Castle of Good On our way back to Cape Town, we autobiography Long Walk to Freedom by Hope, where we watched the unlocking of branched off at the Dias Caravel Museum, Nelson Mandela, where we highlighted and the gate ceremony, before going on a tour where a replica of Bartolomeu Dias’ caravel discussed the leadership qualities of one of the grounds and learning the history of is displayed. This particular replica sailed all of Africa’s greatest heroes. The faculty de- the castle. The castle was used as protec- the way from Portugal to Moselbaai in the signed the program in a way that all activi- tion for the city of Cape Town, starting with 1980s. We returned to the U.S. very fulfilled ties were aimed at helping us with our vari- the Dutch. After the tour, we went into the at the amazing experiences and knowledge ous research topics. Each student had his or Castle Military Museum, where some stu- acquired during the study abroad program. her own particular research interest for the dents got materials for their research. We trip. left for the District Six Museum, where we – Bryan Laney and Adewale Oyediran We arrived to Cape Town on Nelson Mandela International Day, and some of us watched South Africans celebrating Mandela’s legacy, popularly called “Madiba.” A group of performers entertained the visi- tors by playing and singing traditional South African music, while another made blan- kets for the homeless. Next we went to the Natural History Museum to see the assem- blage of artifacts on Nelson Mandela. The following day, we went on a tour of Robben Island, where Mandela and several other freedom fighters were imprisoned. Students learned about the various inhu- mane treatments meted out to the prison- ers and various ways the prisoners fought

apartheid within the prison premises. We Kroomen burial ground

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 10 Stem to Stern • On the Job - St. Augustine’s Storm Wreck During the summer, I volunteered results the program produced. Through the public. They also learned that public as a supervisor at the Lighthouse this work, visitors and students gained an interest is invaluable to archaeology. Archaeological Maritime Program appreciation for sharing archaeology with – Ivor Mollema (LAMP) field school in St. Augustine, Florida. The program works with the St. Augustine Lighthouse to uncover more information about maritime St. Au Revoir, Carl! Augustine. It also works with other Florida organizations to investigate the Professor Carl Swanson retired on 31 August 2015. A graduate of Michigan history of greater Florida. Most nota- State University (B.A. Economics, 1970) and the University of Western Ontario bly, this includes the destruction of the (M.A. History, 1973; PhD History, 1979), Carl joined ECU in 1986. His publica- tions include an award winning book, Predators and Prizes: American Privateering and French Fleet via hurricane in 1715. Imperial Warfare, 1739-1748 (John Lyman Book Award, 1991). In 1999, he received As a supervisor, I instructed students the Robert and Lina Mays Alumni Distinguished Professor for Teaching Award. Carl in methods and archaeo- served as Director of Graduate Studies for the Department of History from 1999 logical dives. During the first week, we until his retirement. trained our students as technicians and in In retirement, Carl and Jan Swanson plan to remain in Greenville and maintain proper rescue techniques. All training was close ties to ECU (membership at the Rec Center paid for 2016; ECU 1 Card reads done to, or beyond, AAUS standards. The “Retiree Emeritus”). That will not stop the two from traveling, with a trip to England week concluded with checkout dives at and France already planned for 2016. And Carl still reads history, though he has set Alexander Springs, Florida. aside Colonial to indulge an interest in WW II. All archaeology training dives were To say that we will miss the presence of this gentleman, scholar, and friend is an undertaken on the Storm Wreck. Believed understatement of tremendous proportions. His involvement in Maritime Studies, to be part of the Charleston evacuation at stemming from his interest in privateering and maritime economics as much as the the end of the American Revolution, the fine graduate students whom he has led us to select over the years, has helped shape ship carried British civilians and soldiers a program that is among the top in the world. Those of us who have had the pleasure to St. Augustine which was still in British of studying Colonial and Maritime History with Carl will forever carry the sharp hands. To date, several cannons, spoons, slashes of his wit and pencil, inflicted as he strived mightily to turn us into scholars. soldier’s buttons, and civilian goods have Sometimes, he (along with Mr. Strunk and Mr. White) actually succeeded. been found and conserved. Carl: You are missed. Have fun; enjoy life; smile frequently. The field school aimed to expand the – Dr. Wade Dudley Storm Wreck site. Students and super- visors set up grid squares and dredged one square meter units around the site. Although initial results were disappoint- ing, that soon changed. Grid sites un- covered a cannon, with possible carriage remains and concreted iron fragments. A spoon was also recovered while trying to relocate a mooring anchor. These dives allowed students to gain familiarity with underwater archaeology techniques. They learned how to place grid units, dredge, and recover artifacts. However, one of the most important lessons came when they were asked to remain onshore. On these days, we partic- pp o R ipated in the lighthouse’s public archaeol-

ogy program. A booth was set up with re- llyson A covered artifacts and general information : hoto about the Storm Wreck. Visitors to the P Dr. Still, Jan and Dr. Carl Swanson, and Dr. Brad Rodgers at Carl’s retirement reception in Eller lighthouse were encouraged to ask ques- House. tions about our operations and any other

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 11 On the Job - Livorno, Italy During the month of July, I partici- Work on the site had been ongoing for pated in the Vada Volaterrana Field School over twenty years under the Laboratory in San Gaetano di Vada, located near pres- of Topography from the University of ent day Rosignano Marittimo in Livorno, Pisa. In 2013, a new era of excavations was Italy. The work centered on a Roman har- planned around a suspected warehouse bor site dating from the Augustan Age (27 and given to the Cooperative ArcheoData, B.C.-A.D. 14), which was related to the a group of highly qualified archaeologists nearby municipium, the Latin term for a who created the Vada Volaterrana Field town or a city, of Volterrae. Before its in- School for Italian and international stu- clusion into Roman territory, the city had dents alike. The 2015 field season was led been known as Velathri by its Etruscan by Dr. Stephano Genovesi, whose areas inhabitants who had lived in the area of expertise include the study of ancient since the eighth century B.C. Under the Roman ports and pottery. Romans, new port systems were built to The participants of the field school benefit from the lucrative maritime econ- ranged from students with plentiful omy of coastal shipping, including the site amounts of archaeological experience in San Gaetano di Vada. to those on their first dig. I was one of The purpose of my involvement in the three graduate students who acted as su- field school was to partake in excavation pervisors to the remaining six students and research in order to support a master’s who were all on their first or second digs. thesis based around the Maritime Cultural These students came from countries Landscape theory and in reference to all over the world including Italy, the The remains of a child in an amphora burial. the findings and evidence discovered at Netherlands, China, Australia, and the the Vada Volaterrana harbor. Essentially, United States. Roman villa, which may have benefitted the Maritime Cultural Landscape theory The methodology of the field school from the port’s trade, and a pottery factory analyzes the uses and associations made was similar to other terrestrial projects. with hundreds of sherds at the surface lev- between people and their actions on the First, the students practiced surveying el. The latter was a site that created trans- sea; in this case, the Romans at the har- techniques on proposed archaeological port amphoras found at the harbor. bor site and their use and concept of the sites. These areas were near the harbor The main focus of the field school was Mediterranean Sea and their role within it. and consisted of the remains of a local excavation. The stratigraphic method of archaeology was utilized, meaning the students dug about ten centimeters at a time to uncover artifacts and architecture in layers. Earlier seasons had uncov- ered a good portion of the architecture of the ware- house, including several rooms with post holes and waste dumps. The most interesting find of the 2014 season was the burial of a male. That season’s stu- dents were able to excavate the remains, except for the skull. That task was gifted to myself and another atafore p graduate student, as we had S

ara

S worked with bones in pre- : vious projects. hotos P The Vada Volaterrana Excavation Site. continued on page 18…

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 12 Stem to Stern • On the Job - RPM Nautical Foundation, Sicily and Montenegro Returning this summer to the unknown for these hulls, structural compo- students from Southampton University and Mediterranean Sea, I resumed working with nents suggest a possible 17th to 19th century fellow ECU colleague Kelci Martinsen, the RPM Nautical Foundation aboard the R/V A.D. origin. archaeological team investigated several Hercules, assisting ongoing archaeologi- amphora wreck sites detected with side- cal projects off the coasts of Sicily and scan sonar during the previous field season Montenegro. Under the supervision of (Budvanski 1, 3, and 4). The project also Dr. Jeffrey Royal, I took part in the study inspected sites found during previous sea- of ancient battle sites, derelict salt barges, sons to monitor marine growth and assess and sunken merchant vessels. The 2015 the impact of fishing operations. field season yielded unexpected projects Collaborative archaeological and bio- and valuable experiences, which helped logical studies help countries like Italy and to develop my skills as a maritime ar- Montenegro implement measures to pre- e p chaeologist and a researcher. a serve their cultural heritage and promote P ee L

The survey and excavation of the : sustainable fishing practices through the hoto

Egadi Islands Archaeological Project P creation of marine preserves. The combined continued this year. The project seeks to Graduate student Mateusz Polakowski 3D scanning an efforts of RPM Nautical Foundation and study and expand the battle site, identi- amphora recovered from the Egadi Islands battle site. local cultural ministries have established fied as the final major naval engagement protective zones around the Egadi Islands, of the First Punic War. The Battle of the With the ROV repaired and a series while similar measures are proposed in Egadi Islands (241 B.C.) witnessed the stun- of successful undersea surveys yielding a Montenegro. Continuing studies and re- ning defeat of the Carthaginian relief unique amphora and beaker (possibly table- search in these areas are vital to the preserva- by a major Roman flotilla. Unfortunately, ware), we experimented with a series of tion of maritime heritage and the promotion a few mechanical hiccups with our remote three-dimensional recording techniques. We of ecological diversity. operated vehicle (ROV) delayed survey op- intended to test these techniques and exam- I would like to thank RPM Nautical erations. The archaeological team was quick ine their application in decreasing recording Foundation for inviting me back this season to find alternatives to surveying the remains times while increasing accuracy. Within a and allowing me to continue my research of the Roman and Carthaginian warships. A framework of developed applications, three- on the Egadi rams, while gaining valuable collaborative group under the supervision of dimensional recording holds the potential experience as a maritime archaeologist. Soprintendenza del Mare (Sicily) and RPM to expand researchers’ capabilities to col- Specifically, thanks to Dr. Jeffrey Royal and Nautical Foundation set out to document lect, disseminate, and utilize large amounts George Robb Jr. for providing me with the two derelict hulls found in the salt canals of archaeological data. A series of scans and necessary tools, guidance, and encourage- adjacent to the port of Trapani, Sicily. photogrammetry produced highly accurate ment to continue expanding my study and As one of the crew chiefs, I supervised models and artifact drawings with the po- appreciation of Mediterranean archaeology. students from the University of Marburg, tential to create online exhibitions, making – Mateusz Polakowski Germany in a two day survey document- them highly accessible ing the exposed hull timbers. The to a greater audience of nearby construction deposition pushed without risking artifact up the banks of the salt canal exposing the integrity. hulls in 2007. On our first day, we surveyed Once fieldwork the site and cleared the derelicts of tarps and concluded in Sicily, stones, placed after their initial discovery in the R/V Hercules got order to prevent further degradation. The underway to conduct following day, students collected hull mea- surveys along the coast surements and created mud maps of both of Montenegro. A sym- hulls. Three photogrammetry models were bol of major trade rela- constructed using Agisoft PhotoScan, in tions once conducted

order to provide Soprintendenza del Mare along the Illyrian coast, ation d oun

with data on site developments. One of the ancient vessels and am- F most interesting aspects of these hulls is their phoras litter the shores autical N

high level of preservation, possibly resulting of the Adriatic Sea. As M P R from such a high of salt in the a technician, work- : hoto mud and water. Although an exact date is ing alongside graduate P Sector scan of the Budvanski 1 wreck site during the 2014 field season.

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 13 On the Job - Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary Borrelli, Ryan Bradley, and Nicholas DeLong, set out on a project to assess and monitor eight technical depth shipwrecks (130 to 250 foot depths) found in the expansion area of the sanctuary. The prin- ciple dive team, comprised of ECU alums Russ Green (2002) and Joseph Hoyt (2008) and ECU’s Dive Safety Officer Jason Nunn, employed closed circuit re- breathers for the execution of the dives. The role of the graduate students in this project was to act as safety divers and meet the technical team as they ascended at a predetermined stop. The safety divers carried spare gas mixes and provided support by relieving the primary team of their cameras and extra gas mixes. ong L e In addition to dive support, the gradu- D ate students were afforded the oppor- icholas N

: tunity to be the first representatives of hoto

P the Sanctuary to document the wreck of Safety diver deployment (Left to right: Tane Casserley, Jeremy Borrelli, Ryan Bradley). Northwestern, a schooner built in 1847 and sunk three years later in a collision with In September of 2014, the National these dives provides researchers with data steamer Monticello. Sitting on its keel at a Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration vital to the protection and management of depth of 130 feet, Northwestern’s bow re- expanded the boundaries of the Thunder these resources, as well as an abundance of mains remarkably intact and offered the Bay National Marine Sanctuary in Lake interpretive and educational material. graduate students an incredible, first-hand Huron from 448 square miles glimpse at the amazing mari- to 4,300 square miles. With “...first-hand glimpse at the amazing maritime time heritage preserved in this expansion came the in- the depths of Lake Huron. clusion of nearly 100 known heritage preserved in the depths of Lake Huron.” The photographs col- and potential shipwreck sites, lected on these excursions some of which are in deep water, acces- This past summer, a team comprised will be utilized by the Sanctuary archae- sible only to divers with advanced techni- of members from NOAA’s Monitor ologists to produce three-dimensional cal training. Due to the depths of these National Marine Sanctuary and Thunder scaled models for use in measuring and wrecks, the sites offer some of the most Bay National Marine Sanctuary, along monitoring the wrecks. The Sanctuary intact and well preserved examples of 19th with Maritime graduate students Jeremy hopes that these images will also offer an century Great Lake ship con- opportunity for touch-screen struction in Lake Huron. displays, providing the general Starting in 2004, sanctu- public with an effective interac- ary archaeologists at Thunder tive outreach tool. Although, Bay began utilizing technical bottom times amounted to diving as an effective means of twenty minutes on some of providing site assessment and the deepest dives and water detailed documentation on barely batted shipwrecks found in the depth above freezing at depth, the range of 131 to 200 feet. information collected can be There are 18 wreck sites with- scrutinized in the comfort of a orrelli in the Sanctuary located at B computer chair for archaeolo- eremy

these depths, with 6 surpass- : J gists and enthusiasts alike for hoto

ing the 200 foot range. The P years to come. information resulting from and mixed gases for . – Ryan Bradley

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 14 Stem to Stern • In the Field - Fall Field School in Pamlico, NC A core part of ECU’s Program in found supporting that information. Maritime Studies is the diversity of proj- Goose Creek State Park had a variety ects that students have the ability to go on of known sites, two of which merited during the fall semester. Past projects have more research. The remaining pier included multiple sites in North Carolina, structure was mapped using a total sta- Florida, and Wisconsin. This year, while tion, and a preliminary mud map was about half of the class went to the frigid made for the remains of another pier north to work on Fleetwing, the other half located further up the creek. had an opportunity to practice planning, A second team of graduate stu- procedure, and day-to-day management of dents from East Carolina University’s a field school with Dr. Stewart. Program in Maritime Studies complet- Dr. Stewart divided the group into ed an archaeological survey of Blounts three groups of three, and each chose a Creek, located in Beaufort County, different topic to pursue over the course North Carolina. The goal of the study of the three week field school. The was to locate and analyze possible three groups chose the lumber industry, wreck sites and investigate the cultural Maritime Cultural Landscape, and inves- associations made between the past tigating a previously located shipwreck. and present residents and the creek uti- The variety of topics is illustrative of lizing the Maritime Cultural Landscape North Carolina’s wide history with mari- theory. These students, made up of time based economy and the range of sites Elise Carroll, Allyson Ropp, and Sara available for study. Spatafore, relocated a site, surveyed ley A team of graduate students, consist- large parts of Blounts Creek, and iden- d ra B

ing of Elizabeth Pratt, Bryan Scott Rose, tified maritime culture aspects. yan R and Devin Urban, completed a preliminary The third team of graduate stu- : hoto assessment of lumber industry remains dents, consisting of James Kinsella, P Students participate in a line search. in Goose Creek State Park, as well as a Patrick Merrigan, and Emily Schwalbe, shoreline sonar survey from Broad Creek took the opportunity to relocate and of watercraft abandonment. Their project to Bath Creek along the Pamlico River. In properly examine an abandoned ship site looks to answer questions about an exist- addition, one day was spent surveying St. in Wrights Creek, an area with a multitude ing ship graveyard and possible inclusion Clair’s Creek, as local information said a of other abandoned vessels associated with of a centerboard shipwreck, located nearby two-masted lumber schooner was in the the fishing industry. The focus of the proj- through maritime archaeological survey, creek. Unfortunately, no evidence was ect involved examining the archaeology historical research, forensic analysis of the wreck site, and geospatial analysis of the area. This site has a lot of information to offer, and the third team continues to find new information. This team’s archaeologi- cal investigation consisted of creating a site map of the starboard side of the wreck, as well as positively identifying certain as- pects of the ship’s construction. Since the fieldwork concluded, the groups have been analyzing the data col- lected, conducting historical research, creating a final site map of the wreck, and preparing a report of their findings. All research objectives were accomplished by ratt

P the end of the field school, and the entire eth b team had the chance to learn new technol- liza E : ogies, such as sonar and total station. hoto P – Elizabeth Pratt Field school participants conduct a side-scan sonar search.

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 15 In the Field - Fall Field School in Garrett Bay, Wisconsin For the 2015 fall field school, six Fleetwing. While maritime students, Dive Safety Officer several attempts Mark Keusenkothen, and Dr. Brad were made to Rodgers made the very long drive to make it seawor- Wisconsin. Under the watchful eyes thy again, the of Dr. Rodgers, we were to conduct a schooner broke Phase II pre-disturbance survey of the apart before the Fleetwing, a schooner built in Manitowoc, wrecking tugs Wisconsin. In August 1986, Wisconsin could save it. State Underwater Archaeologist David The purpose J. Cooper and Dr. Rodgers conducted a of the Phase II Phase I site reconnaissance survey over survey was to the course of ten days. Their work led to determine what the documentation of five wreck pieces, had changed in including portions of the keelson, turn of the last thirty the bilge, the centerboard, side planking, years. After lo- levenger

and frames. cating several C

Fleetwing was built and launched in portions of the atherine

1867 and transported grain and lumber wreck during a : K

in the Great Lakes region for twenty-one snorkel survey, hotos P years. During the night of September 26, we made plans Kiefer mapping a portion of the Fleetwing containing the caprail. 1888, the captain mistook Death’s Door to establish a Bluff for the neighboring Table Bluff 450 foot long steel while attempting to find shelter from gale cable baseline on trunk, which had not been found in force winds, resulting in the wrecking of the wreck site. This baseline was long 1986, was discovered and also mapped. enough to zigzag across three of the On the last day of the field school, we initially located five pieces of the easily removed our temporary baselines. wreck. While we had some trouble The more permanent steel cable baseline driving the metal fence posts due to took considerable more effort to extract, the presence of dolomitic limestone but we defeated it after a brief struggle bedrock in some areas, we success- with the well-driven fence posts. We ac- fully established the baseline after one complished our goal of documenting the and a half days of hard work. wreck without disturbing it, but others Field school participants were who visited the wreck had not done the then able to begin documenting the same. In addition to changes to Fleetwing wreck with a two foot to one inch created by winter ice shove, we also scale using baseline offset measure- documented boat propeller and anchor ments. We documented the three por- damage. These findings will be used to tions of the wreck that were on the determine better ways to manage histori- baseline in two and a half work days. cal wrecks. After mapping this area of the wreck During our off days, we were able to site, two teams of divers set up tem- explore Algoma, WI and Door County’s porary baselines on the two remain- historic shipwreck trail, rolling hills dot- ing pieces of the wreck, while a third ted with small farms and silos, stunning team used a theodolite and an elec- state parks, and wineries. Overall, the tronic distance measurement (EDM) field school was a total success and we to map in the wreck site. Dr. Rodgers thank the Inland Seas Institute (ISI) for employed the same EDM during the housing us in the pristine and quaint 1986 survey, and I am sure that he town of Algoma. Everyone there made us felt a sense of nostalgia while using feel welcome and we will sincerely miss it this summer. As we continued to the fried cheese curds. Swierenga mapping the Fleetwing using baseline offset. document the wreck, the centerboard – Katherine Clevenger

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 16 Stem to Stern • On the Job - North Carolina Maritime Museum Over summer 2015, I had the oppor- Sewdley around 1709, glass beads from coming directly from those processes. That tunity to work as an intern at the North Holland, a piece of broken glass from an day, we sorted through four buckets of Carolina Maritime Museum in Beaufort, onion bottle, and an English-made wine dredge spoil brought up from the site. We North Carolina in their newly opened bottle – as well as images of artifacts still pulled out pieces of a tobacco pipe, broken demonstration conservation laboratory. in conservation, such as the anchor, and glass, a small glass bead, bricks, and Based upon my interest in piracy and images of various processes involved in a small amount of gold dust. The public knowledge about underwater archaeol- conserving artifacts, like the cannonball was able to learn about how small artifacts ogy and basic conservation practices, I was electrolysis tank. These items brought in are found in the sand and saw artifacts that to communicate my knowledge of Queen people and allowed them to see things not had not been seen in approximately 300 Anne’s Revenge, Blackbeard, and conserva- yet in the museum. One of the challenging years. tion to the public. The internship lasted things about the internship was learning Overall, the internship provided a eleven weeks, every Thursday through to take the technical process of conserving unique experience to talk about a topic Saturday, allowing extensive interaction artifacts and describing that to the public. that I love and gain experience in interact- with the public. Because of this, I perceived this experience ing with the public. Since most of our work In addition to learning the best way to be more about public interaction and is ultimately for the public, it is important to communicate with the public, both public history than conservation itself. to learn the best ways to share information young and old, the museum offered me a As an intern at the museum, I was with them and make our technical pro- chance to perfect my drawing skills and offered the chance to work with the con- cesses, especially those within conserva- learn more about the entirety of the QAR servators from the QAR Conservation Lab tion, accessible to the young and old. This project and the processes behind conserv- at the annual Beaufort Pirate Invasion at internship allowed me to learn how to talk ing waterlogged artifacts. In order to make the beginning of August. Throughout the to the public, as well as listen to what they the lab more appealing to the public and course of that day, we interacted with over have to say about what we, as archaeolo- draw them in, I had some artifacts from 1,500 people who learned about the pro- gists, are doing for them. the wreck – a pewter plate made by Henry cess of conservation and saw new artifacts – Allyson Ropp pp o R

llyson A : hoto P The Demo Conservation Lab and the pieces on display with Blackbeard watching over them.

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 17 picture can be gleaned. Comparing it to century A.D. The discovery of pottery Italy other Roman port sites and utilizing the from around the Mediterranean and the continued from page 12 Maritime Cultural Landscape theory burial of a possible warehouse worker may make it more accessible to archaeolo- yet reveal information that reveals Vada The man’s burial was not the only one gists and students of history. The site was Volaterrana’s place within the larger con- on the site, however. In the 2015 season, clearly devoted to its port activities and text of Roman maritime trade. our team excavated two more burials, thrived on them until the end of the fifth – Sara Spatafore those of infants buried in broken trans- port amphoras. While the man had been buried in an actual plot lined with stone slabs, the remains of the children were Theses Defended in 2014/2015 placed in the pottery and then buried in pits. Unfortunately, at the time of this Jeremy R. Borrelli, “The Bay of Storms and Tavern of the Seas Risk in the writing we have not been able to discern Maritime Cultural Landscape of the Harbor at Cape Town, South Africa.” their causes of death, though their esti- mated ages of eighteen months and three Justin R. Edwards, “Tar River Blounts and a Transitional Maritime Cultural years suggests disease. The man may Landscape, 1778-1802.” have suffered much the same since his age was estimated between eighteen and David Fictum, “Slops for the Tarpaulin Rabble: Clothing of the Anglo-American twenty-four, according to the indentation Sailors 1680-1740.” patterns on his teeth. His bones showed immense strain from a life of work, in- Kara Davis Fox, “Matters of Steel: Illustrating and Assessing the Deterioration of cluding grooves in the femurs that are an the World War II Merchant Freighter Caribsea.” indication of weight lifting with the thigh muscles. There were similar grooves from Chelsea R. Freeland, “Modern Greece: Values of a Civil War Blockade-Runner.” muscle growth in the bones of the arm. These findings and the place of his burial Thomas W. Horn, “Determining Seasonal Corrosion Rates in Ferrous-Hulled suggest that he may have been a dock Shipwrecks: A Case Study of the USS Huron.” worker who loaded goods onto the boat and unloaded even more into the ware- Sara C. Kerfoot, “Catastrophic Disaster in the Maritime Archaeological Record: houses of the Vada Volaterrana harbor. Chasing the Great Storm of 1913.” Students were also able to practice employing different machines used in ar- Zachary T. Mason, “Corsairs in Drain Pipes: An Examination of the Submariner chaeological projects, including measur- Folk Group in the during the Second World War.” ing the site with a total station between the excavation of each layer and scanning Jana Otte, “Crossing the Line: A Look at the Symbols of the Ritual throughout one of the surveyed sites with Ground Time.” Penetrating Radar (GPR). The former is a theodolite integrated with an elec- James R. Pruitt, “PB2Y Coronado Flying Boat Archaeology and Site Formation tronic distance meter (EDM) that mea- Studies, Tanapag Lagoon, Saipan.” sures a particular distance or point back to the machine. The latter is a machine Lauren A. Rotsted, “The Migration of the Sharpie: Environmental, Economic, that utilizes radar to map the subsurface and Archaeological Aspects.” of a site. The project also employed the use of a Geographic Information System William Sassorossi, “Defending the East Coast: Adapting and Converting (GIS), which puts different sources of Commercial Ships for Military Operations.” geographic information, such as map fea- tures or the finds from a GPR, and places Gregory O. Stratton, “The Joni Wreck: An Archaeological Study of Late Roman them together in order to create a map to Trade Patterns in the Adriatic Sea.” better understand an archaeological site. The results of these methods will be pub- Jeneva Wright, “Balancing Acts: Public Access and Archaeology in the Cape Fear lished in the Vada Volaterrana 2015 field Civil War Shipwreck District.” report. Ultimately, the harbor site in San Caitlin N. Zant, “Unloading History: Historical and Archaeological Investigations Gaetano di Vada needs to undergo more of the Self-Unloading Schooner-Barge, Adriatic.” seasons of excavation before the whole

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 18 Stem to Stern • p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 19 Ahoy Mates! Welcome to ECU New MA Students in the Program for Maritime Studies

Tyler Ball is originally from Princeton, West Virginia. In 2013, he graduated cum laude from Marshall University with his B.A. in Anthropology with a concentration in Archaeology and a minor in History. In his senior year of undergraduate studies, nderwood

Tyler was inducted into Lambda Alpha, the U

National Honor Society for Anthropology, aren Marshall University chapter. He has served : K hoto as an Intern Archaeologist for CRA Inc. and P The new first year students outside Eller House. Front row: Martha Mihich and Dorothy Sprague. Back row: as a cultural resource analyst in Hurricane, Trevor Hough, Tyler Caldwell, Tyler Ball, Olivia Thomas, Sean Cox, Sophie Stuart, Annie Wright, Kristina West Virginia, as well as gained extensive Fricker, Janie Knutson. Not pictured: Miguel Barbery and Karl Stocker. experience in terrestrial field schools and presenting papers at university conferences. He is interested in studying piracy of North field schools in Florida, Spain, and Belize. Kristina Fricker graduated from the Carolina and Caribbean, Greek, Roman, Although he grew up in Tennessee, he University of Rochester in May of 2015 and colonial maritime archaeology. In his has always had an interest in underwater where she double majored in History and free time, Tyler enjoys writing, drawing, archaeology, specifically in the Archaeology, Technology, and Historical playing sports, watching games with Mediterranean Sea. His interest in the Structures (ATHS). Her senior thesis, friends, and hanging out with his family. Mediterranean is in the Middle Ages, entitled “Ptolemaic Shipbuilding: A Case Ancient Carthage, and port construction. Study in the Evolution of the Athenian Miguel Barbery is a graduate of the He has been scuba diving for the past ,” received the President’s Sea Education Association (C-164) five years, primarily in Florida, but has Choice award for excellence in research and earned his Bachelor of Arts from also done dives in the Caribbean and at the 2015 University of Rochester St. Mary’s College of Maryland with a Mediterranean Seas. He hopes to one Undergraduate Research Expo. She was major in Biology. Originally from the day work with research groups in the also invited to present her thesis at the Washington, D.C. area, Miguel spent Mediterranean. National Council on Undergraduate the last eleven years informally studying Research in the spring of 2015. Her anthropology - first as a commissioned Sean Cox, as an Air Force brat, has trouble academic interests include ancient officer in the U.S. Army National Guard pinpointing a single geographic origin but, navies in the Mediterranean, specifically and later as a management consultant and if pressed, would claim Jacksonville, IL the naval arms race of the Hellenistic advisor to the U.S. Department of State in and Shreveport, LA as the places where period with focus on Ptolemaic the Near East, Middle East, and eastern he grew up. He has spent the better part of warships. Kristina is also interested in Mediterranean. As a consequence of his the past decade based in Istanbul working the social history of ancient warfare and work experience and recent non-degree as an editor, project coordinator, and due submerged sites in the Nile Delta. She has graduate coursework at the University of diligence investigator, but Sean also found participated in a number of excavations West Florida, he developed a passion for significant time for cycling and in in locations such as Spain, Italy, Romania, maritime archaeology, especially post- and around the city and the country. He and Bermuda. medieval Iberian seafaring and early North speaks Turkish and calls the city “home.” American colonization. Miguel is a PADI Motivated by a desire to switch careers, Trevor Hough, while born in Laguna certified , speaks Spanish Sean chose Maritime Studies to build on Beach, CA, spent his formative years fluently, and enjoys spending his free time his degree in Classical Studies, earned at sailing around the world on his family’s outdoors and, ideally, in the water. Hanover College in 2006, but also because home built . He attributes he likes to spend time in and around his interest in archaeology as a whole, Tyler Caldwell graduated from Middle the water. By focusing his studies on the and maritime archaeology especially, Tennessee State University with a Eastern Mediterranean, Sean hopes his to those years. After getting his B.A. bachelor’s degree in Anthropology. He career will eventually return him to Istanbul in Anthropology with an emphasis has participated in three archaeological and its waters. in Archaeology, from the University

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 20 Stem to Stern • of California Santa Barbara, he spent Dorothy Sprague originally hails football, doing a variety of outdoor the next five years working in Cultural from but went to activities, and spending time with her Resource Management throughout the boarding school in New Jersey. She did dogs, Kida and Maximus. western United States before deciding to her undergraduate work in Marketing return to school. As an individual, he has and Management at Emory University Olivia Thomas was born and raised many varied interests within the field of in Atlanta, GA. Upon graduating from in the small town of Pekin, Indiana. She archaeology, from prehistoric settlement Emory, Dorothy followed up on an attended Indiana University and received a patterns to cultural exchange at contact. independent research project she had Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology, Classical As a graduate student, he hopes to focus done during her senior year and went Art and Archaeology, and Underwater on indigenous maritime culture and to Africa. She spent three months living Archaeology, as well as a minor in the symbiotic relationship between the with the Ju’/hoan San, a tribe of hunter Medieval History and a certificate in terrestrial and nautical worlds. In his spare gatherers, before returning to New York to Underwater Resource Management. While time, he enjoys reading, flintknapping, work for an NGO that is active in the area. in college, she did fieldwork on terrestrial woodworking, swimming, diving (both Last year, she spent six months working archaeological sites in Greece, Portugal, scuba and springboard), as well as sailing. as a in the Seychelles before and Indiana and underwater archaeological returning to Africa for another three sites in the Dominican Republic. Olivia Janie Knutson is from Spokane, months with the Ju’/hoan San. worked at Indiana University as a research Washington, where she completed her assistant, dive instructor, and jointly with undergraduate degree. In the spring of Karl Stocker was born and raised in The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis 2015, she completed her bachelor’s at upstate New York, where he also attended as an outreach coordinator in the Captain Eastern Washington University, majoring undergrad at SUNY Oswego. His major Kidd archaeology exhibit. After graduating in Anthropology with a minor in History. was in History with a minor in Bio-cultural from IU, Olivia moved to St. Croix, USVI. During her undergraduate career, she Anthropology. Over the course of his She has spent the last few years working was actively involved with and became education, he has taken many classes that as a SCUBA instructor and as a volunteer the president of the Anthropological deal with the sea. As an undergrad, he with The Nature Conservancy’s Society, a student based club for the participated in an underwater biology restoration project in St. Croix. Olivia’s department. Her interests in Maritime course that was stationed in the Bahamas. main research interests are Spanish Studies are World Wars One and Two As of the summer of 2015, he concluded a Colonialism and 18th century trade routes archaeology and the recovery of vessels, graduate course in underwater archaeology through the Caribbean. In her spare time, particularly submarines. However, outside that took place in Bermuda through the Olivia enjoys reading, yoga, rock climbing, the field she is active in skiing, camping, University of Rhode Island. His interests in hiking with her dog, and anything reading, , and generally the field of underwater archaeology extend associated with the water. enjoying anything to do with the water. to the culture and remains of the vessels Her not so active interests are playing that harbored pirates. Annie Wright is from Lexington, video games and watching Netflix. Kentucky where she attended Transylvania Sophie Stuart was born and raised in University. She graduated magna cum Martha Mihich is originally from the the gorgeous city of Portland, Oregon laude with a B.A. in Anthropology and suburbs of , Illinois and Gary, where she graduated magna cum laude a minor in Environmental Studies. She Indiana. She completed her bachelor’s from Portland State University with a B.S studied abroad in the Turks and Caicos degree in Anthropology and Archaeology in History and a minor in Spanish. After Islands, completing a program in Marine with a minor in Germanic Studies at high school, she took a gap year and lived Resource Management. She also worked Indiana University in 2012. Since then, in Morelia, Mexico, teaching English, Bible on underwater archaeology projects she has worked for the Illinois State classes, and coaching basketball at the in Spain and Honduras and attended Archaeological Survey, assisting with NOE Center. She made the cross-country field schools in Albania, Croatia, and the excavation and analysis of historical move to ECU in order to further her Montenegro. After graduating, she spent Illinois sites. While her interest in education and find a career that combines time working as a deckhand on the archaeology started solely with terrestrial her two life-long loves: history and the schooner Adventuress, based out of Port sites, her work on these sites made her water. As far as nautical archaeology goes, Townsend, Washington. Annie’s main realize the importance of maritime culture her love for the Spanish language and research interests are in underwater 3D and practices to the greater society. Her Latin American cultures contributes to imaging systems and their use in cultural interest in maritime archaeology focuses her interest in shipwrecks in the Gulf of heritage tourism, particularly in the on canal construction and use during Mexico, and her undergraduate studies of Caribbean and North Carolina. In her the Industrial Revolution. Her outside ancient Rome contribute to an interest in free time, Annie enjoys hiking, kayaking, interests include reading, knitting, the Roman navy. In her free time, Sophie sailing, rock climbing, and spending time camping, swimming, and flintknapping. enjoys swimming, diving, spending time with her dog, Cayo, a rescue from the with friends, working out, watching Turks and Caicos.

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 21 SPOTLIGHT ON MARITIMER ALUMNI

Kara Fox: In May of 2014, Kara (‘15) was invited to help lead an archaeological survey of Caribsea, a World War II merchant freighter that was torpedoed off the coast of North Carolina during the Battle of the Atlantic. This project was a collaborative effort between NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary (MNMS) and an avocational diving group, Battle of the Atlantic Research Expedition Group (BAREG). Following this project, Kara was asked to assist MNMS on their annual Battle of the Atlantic Expedition, and in January of 2015 she was asked to join the MNMS team as a Maritime Archaeologist. Since then, she has worked on several archaeological projects in Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. Additionally, Kara spearheaded MNMS’s new ANCHOR Program, meant to promote responsible and sustainable diving on North Carolina’s underwater cultural heritage sites.

Tom Horn: Tom (‘14) was hired by Florida International University’s Aquarius Reef Base as a Dive Specialist. Tom has had the honor of saturating with the U.S. Navy and supporting NASA’s Extreme Environment Mission Operations. He looks back fondly on his graduate school career at East Carolina University and owes his good fortune to the Maritime Studies Program and the Office of Diving and .

Wayne Lusardi: Wayne (‘98) received the Association for Great Lakes Maritime History 2015 Award for Historic Preservation. This award is presented annually to an individual who has made a major contribution, over many years, to the preservation of Great Lakes maritime history in furtherance of the goals of the Association. He was selected in recognition of his many years of service as Michigan’s State Maritime Archaeologist. Wayne was presented his award from President Ron Bloomfield on September 12 in Manitowoc, Wisconsin as part of the 2015 Annual Meeting & Maritime History Conference hosted by the Wisconsin Maritime Museum.

Amy K. Marshall (nee Knowles): Amy (‘98) is the Director of The Craig Public Library on Prince of Wales Island in southeast Alaska. During her five years tenure, the library has grown from a small, remote, recreational library to one recognized on the state and national levels for its leadership. In May 2015 at a White House ceremony, Amy received the Institute of Museum and Library Service National Medal from First Lady Michelle Obama. The award recognizes the library as one of the top five libraries in the nation. Amy continues to be active in the STEM and Maker communities and is currently planning a project in cooperation with NSF and IMLS to launch “STEM to Stern: The Maker Boat” in southeast Alaska.

Phillip Reid: Phillip (‘98) received the Clark G. Reynolds Student Paper Award at the annual conference of the North American Society for Oceanic History in Monterey, California, 13-16 May 2015, for presenting “The Time Machine? Using Replica Analysis to Understand Merchant Ships, 1600-1800.” The award is named in honor of Clark G. Reynolds (1939-2005)—naval historian, museum curator, and the first executive officer of NASOH. The prize includes assistance in publishing an article based on the paper in The Northern Mariner/Le Marin du Nord, the quarterly journal of the Canadian Nautical Research Society and NASOH. Phillip is a PhD student (ABD) in maritime history at Memorial University of Newfoundland, writing a dissertation on “Merchant Ship Technology and the Development of the British Atlantic Empire, 1600-1800” under the supervision of Dr. Neil Kennedy.

William Sassorossi: Prior to defending his thesis in March, Will (‘15) was hired as a Maritime Archaeologist with NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary (MNMS) in Newport News, VA. While there, Will has been Co-Principle Investigator on numerous field projects in North Carolina, Virginia, and Maryland, diving and surveying such wrecks as Dixie Arrow and Carl Gerhard. When not in the field, Will works to further Monitor National Marine Sanctuary’s public interaction through community events, local visits and presentations, as well as creating outreach material to promote the cultural heritage of the region.

Jeneva Wright: Jeneva (‘15) has joined the National Park Service as an archaeologist with the Submerged Resources Center (SRC). The SRC supports stewardship for the protection, preservation, public access, and interpretation of submerged cultural resources throughout the National Park Service system. Jeneva’s recent projects included remote sensing surveys in Gulf Islands National Seashore and Dry Tortugas National Park, collaboration with the Slave Wrecks Project in the U.S. Virgin Islands, and survey and documentation of historic water control features in the Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway. Her current research focuses on climate change and its threats, vulnerabilities, and management options for submerged resources, in addition to preparing for the next season of SRC field projects.

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 22 Stem to Stern • important role maritime culture plays in leaders visited a local school to give the Costa Rica both towns. same presentation and engage younger continued from page 9 An important part of the project was students with Cahuita’s history. presenting the research to a wide range Even with all of these projects, the of the project. Field school participants of audiences. This endeavor began even group was still able to make the most also carried out interviews with many of before we left the United States, as the of free time. Students explored Cahuita the fishermen themselves. Additionally, Crew Chiefs set up a Facebook page National Park, visited the home of an in- the group interviewed locals, includ- and blog to keep everyone up to date on digenous Bri-Bri family, went zip-lining, ing artists and musicians, which en- the group’s activities. Throughout the and saw sloths, Capuchin monkeys, and hanced the cultural study of the vibrant trip, everyone contributed blog posts venomous snakes. Overall, the expedi- Caribbean community. The final project and pictures to both forms of social me- tion was a great experience, and partici- that the group undertook was a maritime dia, documenting every step of the field pants learned a great deal throughout the art survey. Students walked around the school. At the end of the field project, the process. A special thank you goes out to towns of Cahuita and Puerto Viejo, pho- group pulled together a presentation of Willie’s Tours in Cahuita, who helped or- tographing the extensive number of mu- the results for residents of Cahuita, and ganize the entire trip, from arranging tank rals and local artwork that represent the a number of local fishermen came to the delivery to transportation to providing connection between the towns and the event and asked detailed questions about activities in our free time. ocean. The survey clearly illustrated the the project. The following day, the trip – Emily Schwalbe

Where are our Maritimers now? - 2 0 1 5 PhD student, University of Kentucky, Columbia, SC A Lexington, KY Robert Browning (1980) PhD – James Allan, (1987) PhD – Lecturer, Kathryn Bequette (1992) – Director, Retired Historian, United States Coast St Mary’s College of California, Moraga, Maritime Archaeology and Research, Guard, Washington, DC CA and Vice President, William Self OELS, Westminster, CO; consultant with Darryl Byrd (1998) – Linthicum Associates, Orinda, CA Denver Ocean Journey Aquarium Heights, MD Evguenia Anichtchenko (2004) – Jemison Beshears (2001) – Antique Historian, Alaska Office of History and firearms specialist, Greg Martin Auctions, C Archaeology, Anchorage, AK San Francisco, CA Peter Campbell (2009) – PhD candi- Ray Ashley, (1996) PhD – Executive Jacob Betz (2004) – PhD candidate, date, University of Southampton, United Director, San Diego Maritime Museum Department of History, University of Kingdom and Professor of Public History, University Chicago, IL Frank Cantelas (1995) – Maritime of California at San Diego, CA Saxon Bisbee (2012) – Nautical Archaeology Program Officer, NOAA Melissa Ashmore (2012) – Archaeologist & Vessel Manager, Office of and Research, Paul Avery (1998) – Auckland War Northwest Seaport Maritime Heritage Silver Spring, MD Memorial Museum, Auckland, New Center, Seattle, Jodi Carpenter (2007) – Oceaneering, Zealand Samuel Blake (2006) – Archaeologist, Nottingham, MD Monica Ayhens (2009) – PhD student, Southeastern Archaeological Research, Chris Cartellone (2003) PhD – University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL Inc., Jacksonville, NC Contract Archaeologist and Research Jeremy R. Borrelli (2015) – Associate, Institute of Nautical B Jeffrey Bowdoin (2012) – Curator, Archaeology, College Station, TX David Baumer (1991) – Virginia Beach, Naval History and Heritage Command, Tane Casserley (2005) – Maritime VA Washington, DC Archaeologist, NOAA’s Thunder Bay Dina Bazzill (2007) – Vice President Matthew Brenckle (2004) – Research National Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, MI of Cultural Resources, Environmental Historian, USS Constitution Museum, Joe Cato (2003) – Raleigh, NC Corporation of America, Alpharetta, GA Charlestown, MA Robert Church (2001) – Senior Marine David Beard (1989) – Director, John Bright (2012) – Archaeologist, Archaeologist, C & C Technologies Survey Museum of the Gulf Coast, Port Arthur, National Park Service’s Submerged Services, Inc., Lafayette, LA TX Resources Center, Denver, CO Brian T. Clayton (2005) – Deep Sam Belcher (2002) – Medical Dan Brown (2013) – Project Underwater Sea Acoustic Surveyor, Fugro Chance, Technologist (ASCP), Laboratory Archaeologist, South Carolina Institute Houston, TX Supervisor, Central Baptist Hospital, of Archaeology and Anthropology, continued on page 24… p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 23 Wendy Coble (1998) – Defense POW/ Tricia Dodds (2009) – Associate State Adam Friedman (2008) – PhD MIA Accounting Agency, Joint Base Pearl Archaeologist and State Parks Diver, Candidate, University of North Carolina, Harbor, Hickam, HI Maritime Heritage Program, California Chapel Hill, NC Patrick Cole (1993) – Writer, Barcelona, State Parks, Ocotillo Wells District, CA Don Froning (2007) – Archaeologist, Spain Wade Dudley (1998) PhD – Teaching Scientific Consultant Services, Inc., Edwin Combs (1996) PhD – Assistant Professor, Department of History, East Honolulu, HI Professor, Miles College, Birmingham, AL Carolina University, Greenville, NC Michael Coogan (1996) – Manager, Stan Duncan (1994) – Regional Sales G Strategic Planning, Northrop Grumman Consultant, NUS Consulting Group, Inc., Stephanie Gandulla (2014) – Media IT, Herndon, VA Oak Ridge, TN and Outreach Coordinator, Thunder Bay Amy (Mitchell) Cook (1994) National Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, MI PhD – Associate Professor and Chair, E Veronica Garrett (2008) – Streetlight Department of History, University of West Justin R. Edwards (2015) – Records, Santa Cruz, CA Florida, Pensacola, FL Rita Folse Elliott (1988) – Education Kate Goodall (2003) – Chief Operating David Cooper (1988) – Branch Chief, Coordinator & Research Associate, The Officer, S&R Foundation, Washington, Cultural Resources, Apostle Island LAMAR Institute, Savannah, GA DC National Lakeshore, Bayfield, WI Scott Emory (2000) – Cockeysville, Amy (Rubenstein) Gottschamer Diane Cooper (1995) – Museum MD (1995) – Real estate broker, Santa Fe, Technician, San Francisco Maritime Jeff Enright (1999) – Maritime NM, and Lawrence, KS National Historical Park and Curator, USS Principal Investigator/GIS Specialist, Jeff Gray (1998) – Superintendent, Pampanito, San Francisco, CA Southeastern Archaeological Research, NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Kathryn L. Cooper (2014) – Inc., Pensacola, FL Sanctuary, Alpena, MI Annalies Corbin (1995) PhD – Jenna (Watts) Enright (2000) – Joe Greeley (2000) – Site supervi- President & CEO, PAST Foundation, Austin, TX sor, Maryland Dove; Adjunct Professor of Columbus, OH History, St. Mary’s College of Maryland, Lee Cox (1985) – Director, Dolan F St Mary’s City, MD Kim (Eslinger) Faulk (2005) – Project Research, Inc., Newtown Square, PA Cathy (Fach) Green (2003) – Special Manager, Marine Archaeology, GEMS – A Stephanie Croatt (2013) – Curator, Projects Coordinator, Thunder Bay Forum Energy Technologies Company, Battleship Texas State Historic Site, La National Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, MI Houston, TX Russ Green (2002) Porte, TX – Assistant Sabrina S. Faber (1996) – Chief of Superintendent, NOAA Thunder Bay D Party, Promoting Youth Civic Engagement National Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, MI Michelle Damian (2010) PhD – David Fictum (2015) – Jeffrey Groszkowski (2007) – Postdoctoral Fellow, Reischauer Institute Patrick Fleming (1998) – Raleigh, NC Firefighter/Apparatus Operator, of Japanese Studies, Harvard University, Richard Fontanez, MD (2001) – New Hanover County Fire Services, Cambridge, MA Contract Archaeologist, Director of Wilmington, NC Claire Dappert (2005) PhD – Historic Instituto de Investigaciones Costaneras, Research Archaeologist, Illinois State and Facilities, H Archaeological Survey, Prairie Research Medical Center, Puerto Rico Richard Haiduven (2003) – Contract Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana- Paul Fontenoy (1995) PhD – Curator Archaeologist, Miami, FL Champaign, IL of Maritime Research and Technology, NC Stephen Hammack (2007) – DPhil James P. Delgado (1986) PhD – Maritime Museum, Beaufort, NC candidate, Institute of Archaeology/ St. Director, Maritime Heritage Program, Chris E. Fonvielle, Jr. (1987) PhD – Cross College, University of Oxford, UK Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Associate Professor, UNC-Wilmington, Phil Hartmeyer (2014) – Maritime NOAA, Silver Spring, MD Wilmington, NC Archaeologist, Thunder Bay National Alena Derby (2002) – Pilates Instructor Kevin Foster (1991) – Washington, DC Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, MI and Personal Trainer, Nantucket, MA Kara Davis Fox (2015) – Maritime Lynn B. Harris (1988) PhD – Associate Robert Dickens (1998) – DVM, Cary, NC Archaeologist, Monitor National Marine Professor, East Carolina University, Stephen Dilk (2012) – Contract Sanctuary, Newport News, VA Greenville, NC Archaeologist, Colorado and Wyoming Chelsea R. Freeland (2014) – Margaret Harris (2004) – Southern Jeff DiPrizito (2001) – High School Materials Expert, University of Montana, California teacher, Hudson, NH Richmond, VA Ryan Harris (2006) – Nautical Brian Diveley (2008) – Senior Joey Frida (1988) – Sergeant, Greenville Archaeologist, Parks Canada, Ottawa, Archaeologist, CH2M HILL, Seattle, WA Police Department, Greenville, NC Ontario, Canada

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 24 Stem to Stern • Heather Hatch (2006) PhD – Services, Georgia Institute of Technology, Jacqueline Marcotte (2011) – Collections Cataloger, University Art Atlanta, GA Maritime Archaeologist, Environmental Galleries Department, Texas A&M Sara C. Kerfoot (2015) – Science Associates, Seattle, WA University, College Station, TX Kurt Knoerl (1994) PhD – Director, Amy Jo (Knowles) Marshall (1996) – Jeanette Hayman (2011) – RPA, The Museum of Underwater Archaeology; Library Director, The Craig Public Library, Archaeologist, Environmental Science Adjunct Faculty, George Mason University Craig, AK Associates, Seattle, WA and Northern Virginia Community Timothy Marshall (1999) – Tongass Theresa Hicks (2012) – Operations College, Manassas, VA National Forest Heritage Program Manager, Inland Seas Institute, Algoma, Nadine Kopp (2012) – Project Manager, Tongass National Forest, Craig, WI Archaeologist, Paterson Group, Ottawa, AK Robert Holcombe (1993) – Retired, ON Deborah Marx (2002) – Maritime Naval Historian and Curator, Port Mike Krivor (1998) – Maritime Archaeologist, Maritime Heritage Columbus Civil War Naval Center, Project Manager/Principal Investigator, Program, NOAA’s Office of National Columbus, GA Southeastern Archaeological Research, Marine Sanctuaries, Scituate, MA Thomas W. Horn (2014) – Dive Inc., Pensacola, FL Zachary T. Mason (2014) – Specialist, Florida International David Krop (2008) – Director, USS Roderick Mather, (1990) PhD – University’s Aquarius Reef Base, Miami, Monitor, Mariners’ Museum, Newport Professor of Maritime History and FL News, VA Underwater Archaeology, Department Joshua Howard (2004) – Independent of History, University of Rhode Island, Researcher, Portland, OR L Kingston, RI Danielle LaFleur (2003) – Historic Nathaniel Howe (2011) – Executive Christopher McCabe (2007) – Deputy Sites Curator, Lakeshore Museum Center, Director, Northwest Seaport (tug- State Archaeologist, Georgia DNR, Muskegon, MI boat Arthur Foss and Lightship No. 83 Coastal Underwater Archaeology Field Marshall Lamm (2012) – Curator, Swiftsure), Seattle, WA Station, Savannah, GA North Carolina Baseball Museum, Wilson, Joseph Hoyt (2008) – Maritime Peter McCracken (1999) – Co-Founder NC Archaeologist, NOAA National Marine and Publisher, ShipIndex.org, Ithaca, NY Matthew Lawrence (2003) – Maritime Sanctuaries, Newport News, VA Phillip H. McGuinn (2000) – Deputy Archaeologist, Stellwagen Bank National Michael D. Hughes (2003) – Project Public Affairs Officer, U.S. Submarine Marine Sanctuary, Scituate, MA Manager, SAIC, Washington, DC , Norfolk, VA; Naval Reserve Adam Lehman (2006) – Whitsett, NC Captain, U.S. Northern Command, Amy Leuchtmann (2011) – Maritime J Colorado Springs, CO Claude V. Jackson (1991) – Museum Archaeologist, HDR, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI Salvatore Mercogliano (1997) PhD – Curator, St. Louis, MO Jason Lowris (2000) – Assistant Professor of History, Campbell Tiffany (Pecoraro) James (2007) – Wayne Lusardi (1998) – Michigan’s University, Buies Creek, NC and Adjunct Vice President of Project Development State Maritime Archaeologist, Thunder Professor of History, U.S. Merchant and Government Relations, Magnum Bay National Marine Sanctuary, Alpena, Marine Academy, King’s Point, NY Energy, Salt Lake City, UT MI Ann Merriman (1996) PhD – Nautical Brian Jaeschke (2003) – Registrar, Archaeologist, Maritime Historian, Mackinac Island State Park Commission, M Morgan MacKenzie (2011) Administrative Director, and Co-Founder, Mackinac Island, MI – Maritime Heritage Minnesota, St. Paul, John O. Jensen (1992) PhD – Assistant Archaeologist, Dovetail Cultural MN Professor, University of West Florida, Resource Group, Fredericksburg, VA; Keith Meverden (2005) – Underwater Pensacola, FL Sub-Contractor/Maritime Archaeologist, Archaeologist, State Historical Society of Doug Jones (2007) – Marine Dolan Research, Inc., Newtown Square, Wisconsin, Madison, WI Archaeologist, Bureau of Ocean Energy PA Richard Mannesto (1993) David Miller (2005) – Instructor, Management (BOEM), New Orleans, LA – Great Craven Community College, Havelock, Jennifer Jones (2012) – PhD student, Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society, Sault NC Coastal Resources Management, East Ste. Marie, MI Joshua Marano (2012) Valerie (Rissel) Mims (2012) – Carolina University, Greenville, NC – Archaeologist, Marketing Coordinator, Craven Arts Rick Jones (1996) – Building , Homestead, FL Eleftheria Mantzouka (2004) Council and Gallery, New Bern, NC Contractor, Morehead City, NC – Montessori Teacher, Durham, NC Robert Minford (2012) – GIS Analyst/ K Tom Marcinko (2000) – South Carolina Policy Planning Specialist, Virginia John Kennington (1995) – Department of Natural Resources, Department of Transportation, Richmond, Communications Officer, Campus Charleston, SC VA

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 25 Calvin Mires (2005) PhD – Director Charleston, SC of Bridge Programs, PAST Foundation, P Bradley Rodgers (1985) PhD – Columbus, OH Jason Paling (2003) – PhD student, Professor, Program in Maritime Studies, Kimberly E. Monk (2003) PhD – Department of Anthropology, State East Carolina University, Greenville, NC Research and Teaching Fellow, University University at Albany, Albany, NY Jason Rogers (2004) PhD – Senior of Bristol, England Harry Pecorelli III (2003) – Stantec, Project Archaeologist, Northern Land David Moore (1989) – Curator of Charleston, SC Use Research, Inc., and Alaska Maritima, Nautical Archaeology, North Carolina Martin Peebles (1996) – ER Nurse, St. Anchorage, AK Maritime Museum, Beaufort, NC Petersburg, FL Flippo Ronca (2006) – Nautical James Moore (2003) PhD – Marine Whitney Petrey (2014) – Archaeologist, Parks Canada, Ottawa, Archaeologist, Bureau of Ocean Energy Jacqueline Piero (2004) – “enjoying Ontario, Canada Management (BOEM), Herndon, VA life,” Newark, DE Lauren A. Rotsted (2015) – R. Scott Moore (1992) PhD – Professor Andrew Pietruszka (2005) PhD – Matthew Russell (1995) PhD – and Chair, Department of History, Indiana Forensic Archaeologist, Joint POW/MIA Archaeologist, William Self Associates, Inc., University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA Accounting Command, Joint Base Pearl Orinda, CA Shawn Holland Moore (1998) – Harbor, Hickam, HI Director of Alumni Programs, East Mike Plakos (2003) – Senior Technical S Stephen Sanchagrin (2014) Carolina Alumni Association, East Analyst, U.S. Navy, Washington, DC – William Sassorossi (2015) Carolina University, Greenville, NC Larkin Post (2007) – Gartley & Dorsky – Maritime Stuart Morgan (1985) – Public Engineering & Surveying, Camden, ME Archaeologist, Monitor National Marine Information Director, South Carolina Sarah Milstead Post (2007) – Program Sanctuary, Newport News, VA John Schaefer (1994) Association of Counties, Columbia, SC Manager, Cornerstones of Science, – Schoolteacher, Tyler Morra (2012) – Brunswick, ME Washington, NC; PhD student, UNC Jeff Morris (2000) – Owner/Senior Darren Poupore (2004) – Chief Chapel Hill James Schmidt (1991) Scientist, Azulmar Research, LLC and Curator, Biltmore Estate, Asheville, NC – Nautical Geomar Research, LLC, Port Republic, Sami (Seeb) Powers (2007) – Archaeologist, Naval Historical Center, MD National Park Service, Denver, CO Washington, DC Robert Schneller (1986) PhD John W. (Billy Ray) Morris (1991) – Edward Prados (1993) – Country – Director, Underwater Archaeology Branch, Director, AMIDEAST, Aden/Sana’a, Historian, Naval Historical Center, Kure Beach, NC Yemen Washington DC Franklin Price (2006) – Senior Laura Kate Schnitzer (2012) – N Archaeologist, Florida Bureau of Archaeologist, New South Associates, Stone Adrienne (Askins) Neidinger (2000) Archaeological Research, Tallahassee, FL Mountain, GA Sam Newell (1987) – Retired Pitt James R. Pruitt (2015) – Ralph Lee Scott (1979) – Professor, County Schools, Contract History Curator of Printed Books and Maps, Consultant, Greenville, NC R Joyner Library, East Carolina University, Kevin Nichols (2002) – Intelligence Coral Rasmussen (1993) – Cultural Greenville, NC Research Specialist, Department of Resources Manager, Environmental R. Laurel Seaborn (2014) – PhD stu- the Army; PhD student, Wayne State Compliance and Protection Dept. Marine dent, Department of History, University of University, Detroit, MI Corps Base Hawaii, Honolulu, HI New Hampshire, Durham, NH John Ratcliffe (2012) – Research Benjamin Siegel (2011) – International O Associate, Know History Historical Project Archaeologist and I Cultural Christopher Olson (1997) – Nautical Services, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Heritage Consultant, Environmental Archaeologist, Maritime Historian, Eric Ray (2009) – Curator, Museum of Resource Management, Washington, DC Operations Director, and Co-Founder, the Coastal Bend, Victoria, TX Lucas S. Simonds (2014) – Reporter, Maritime Heritage Minnesota, St. Paul, James R. Reedy, Jr. (1987) – Contract Times Leader, Grifton, NC MN Archaeologist, Beaufort, NC Jessica Smeeks (2014) – Deirdre O’Regan (2001) – Editor, Phillip Reid (1998) – PhD student, Joshua Smith (1997) PhD – Professor SEA HISTORY; Vice President National Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. and Department Head, Department Maritime Historical Society, Pocasset, MA John’s, NL/Wilmington, NC of Humanities, U.S. Merchant Marine Jana Otte (2014) – Social Studies William A. Robie, Jr. (1993) – Atlantic Academy, and Interim Director, American Teacher, P. S. Jones Middle School, Beach, NC Merchant Marine Museum, Kings Point, Washington, NC Todd Robinson (1998) – International NY Baccalaureate Program History Instructor, Lindsay Smith (2010) – Maritime James Island Charter High School, and Project Archaeologist, SWCA

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y 26 Stem to Stern • Environmental Consultants, Houston, TX Jeneva Wright (2015) – Archaeologist, Jon Travis Snyder (2006) – MFA stu- W Submerged Resources Center, National John Wagner (2010) dent in ECU Program in Wood Design and – Recreation Park Service, Denver, CO Lutier, Greenville, NC Technician, United States Forest Service, Elizabeth Wyllie (2012) – Seattle, WA Chris Southerly (2003) – Chief Eagle, CO Archaeologist and , NC Daniel Warren (1998) – Senior Y Underwater Archaeology Branch, Kure Marine Archaeologist and Houston Asst. Wilson York (2007) – High School Beach, NC Geosciences Manager, C & C History Teacher, Mt. Pisgah Christian Kathy A.W. Southerly (2006) – Technologies An Oceaneering International School, Atlanta, GA Assistant Dive Safety Officer, NC Aquarium Company, Houston Office, Houston, TX Sarah Waters (1999) at Fort Fisher, Kure Beach, NC – Education Z James Spirek (1993) – State Underwater Coordinator, Thunder Bay National Marine Caitlin N. Zant (2015) – Maritime Archaeologist, SC Institute of Archaeology Sanctuary, Alpena, MI Archaeologist, Wisconsin Historical Gordon P. Watts (1975) PhD & Anthropology, Columbia, SC – Retired Society, Madison, WI Joyce Steinmetz (2010) – PhD stu- from ECU 2001, Director, Tidewater dent, Coastal Resources Management, East Atlantic Research and International Carolina University, Greenville, NC Institute of Maritime Archaeology, Gregory O. Stratton (2015) – Washington, NC Andrew Weir (2007) – Cultural T Resources Group, Jackson, MI Bruce Terrell (1988) – Chief Historian Wilson West (1985) PhD – Director, and Maritime Archaeologist, NOAA West Hall Heritage Research & Consulting, National Marine Sanctuaries Maritime Toronto, Ontario, Canada Heritage Program, Silver Spring, MD Robert Westrick (2001) – Senior William H. Thiesen (1993) PhD – Marine Archaeologist, C & C Technologies Atlantic Area Historian, United States Coast Survey Services, Inc., Lafayette, LA Guard, Portsmouth, VA David Whipple (1993) – Alexandria, VA Matthew Thompson (2010) – Nautical Heather White (2004) – Director Archaeologist, Thompson Maritime of Library Project Development, Joyner Consulting, LLC, Greenville, NC Library, East Carolina University, Bradley D. Thorson (1982) – Greenville, NC Hans Van Tilburg (1995) PhD – Scott Whitesides (2003) – Maritime Heritage Coordinator, Office Archaeologist/Curator, Golden Spike of National Marine Sanctuaries, Program National Historic Site, Brigham City, UT Pacific Islands Region, HI Elizabeth Whitfield (2005) – Owner, Ray Tubby (2000) – Nautical TriBella Multisport, Denver, CO Archaeologist, SEARCH, Inc., Pensacola, Kimberly Williams (2000) – History FL Professor, Hillsborough Community Lex Turner (1999) – Psychiatric Nurse College, Tampa, FL Practitioner, PCMH, Greenville, NC Stephen Williams (2004) – Owner, Kenneth Tyndall (1988) – New Bern, PACC Consulting, LLC, Sanibel, FL NC Sarah Wolfe (2001) – Exhibit Registrar, George Washington’s Mount Vernon, V Mount Vernon, VA Christopher Valvano (2007) – PhD Steve Workman (2002) PhD – student, Michigan State University, Associate Dean for Admissions and Lansing, MI Administration, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA

MARITIME STUDIES GRADUATES! Please let us know if your name is not on the list or if we need to update your current status. We would love to hear from you!

p r o g r a m i n m a r i t i m e s t u d i e s 2015 – 2016 • Newsletter 27 Nonprofit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No. 110 Stem to Stern Greenville, NC Program in Maritime Studies Admiral Ernest M. Eller House East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858-4353

2015 – 2016 e a s t c a r o l i n a u n i v e r s i t y Stem to Stern •