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HISTORY of the BOOK Chapter 5. the Invention and Spread of Printing
HISTORY of the BOOK Chapter 5. The Invention and Spread of Printing Blocks, type, paper, and markets, contact Impressions of wood blocks on cloth, or metal stamping in clay, wax, and leather, existed long before the idea of movable type was realized in Mainz. As we have seen, scrolls, tablets, and the bound codex book were all fully developed by the 15th century, and the range of materials pressed into use for writing included palm leaves, bark, walls, and skin in addition to vellum, parchment, papyrus, clay and paper. Of these, paper was the last to be invented, and until the creation of synthetic materials in recent centuries and digital modes of display, paper remained the most important and ubiquitous substrate for written language. And though the use of seals and stamps can be traced almost into prehistory, the idea of printing multiple copies of a text for purposes of distribution to a literate audience is more recent. The first printing for texts was most likely invented in China, with Chinese characters cut in the faces of individual wooden blocks, or whole texts cut in a single block.1 But the innovations brought to this art by Johann Gutenberg in the middle of the 15th century changed the scale and scope of printing.2 Not only was movable type a radical improvement in achieving efficiency for reproduction of multiple copies of a text, but the rationalization of labor that was embedded in this innovative shift created a model that would inform practices well into the industrial revolution hundreds of years later.3 Literacy, already on the rise in the late Middle Ages in Europe, and integral to certain communities in Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, and Northern Africa, would be fostered by increased availability of printed texts.4 Controversies would arise as debates about access to religious texts, in particular, would split along fault lines of belief. -
Bibliographica (Issue 3)
Bibliographica (Issue 3) Item Type Newsletter (Paginated) Authors Henry, John G.; Schanilec, Gaylord; Hardesty, Skye Citation Bibliographica (Issue 3) 2005-07, Download date 26/09/2021 12:16:22 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106505 Issue Number 3 Summer 2005 biBIblBiLIoOGgRrAPapHhICAic a Cedar Creek Press collection of text sizes in Caslon, Garamond, Euse- bius, and Goudy Oldstyle. By John G. Henry Henry’s journey has taken him through high school, Cedar Creek Press has produced a variety of printed a B.A. from the University of Iowa with majors in materials since its inception in 1967. What started English & Journalism, an M.S. degree in Printing entirely as a hobby venture by a high school student Technology from the Rochester Institute of Tech- and a single press has expanded to fill a 25’ x 50’ nology, and many other practical learning experiences. workshop. The reason for being of Cedar Creek Cedar Creek Press has published many books of Press has always been the printer’s enjoyment of Poetry by primarily Midwestern poets. Mostly first the letterpress process. books for the authors, the editions have been small, Proprietor John G. Henry spent many hours poring but have given a published voice to many fine poets. over the catalogs of the Kelsey Company, making The emphasis of the publishing has been to produce his wish-list and saving his allowance for purchase nicely-designed and produced books at a reasonable of a basic set of printing equipment. One day Henry price. saw an advertisement in the local classifieds for an Recent ventures have been in the world of miniature entire print shop for $50. -
The Impact of the Historical Development of Typography on Modern Classification of Typefaces
M. Tomiša et al. Utjecaj povijesnog razvoja tipografije na suvremenu klasifikaciju pisama ISSN 1330-3651 (Print), ISSN 1848-6339 (Online) UDC/UDK 655.26:003.2 THE IMPACT OF THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TYPOGRAPHY ON MODERN CLASSIFICATION OF TYPEFACES Mario Tomiša, Damir Vusić, Marin Milković Original scientific paper One of the definitions of typography is that it is the art of arranging typefaces for a specific project and their arrangement in order to achieve a more effective communication. In order to choose the appropriate typeface, the user should be well-acquainted with visual or geometric features of typography, typographic rules and the historical development of typography. Additionally, every user is further assisted by a good quality and simple typeface classification. There are many different classifications of typefaces based on historical or visual criteria, as well as their combination. During the last thirty years, computers and digital technology have enabled brand new creative freedoms. As a result, there are thousands of fonts and dozens of applications for digitally creating typefaces. This paper suggests an innovative, simpler classification, which should correspond to the contemporary development of typography, the production of a vast number of new typefaces and the needs of today's users. Keywords: character, font, graphic design, historical development of typography, typeface, typeface classification, typography Utjecaj povijesnog razvoja tipografije na suvremenu klasifikaciju pisama Izvorni znanstveni članak Jedna je od definicija tipografije da je ona umjetnost odabira odgovarajućeg pisma za određeni projekt i njegova organizacija s ciljem ostvarenja što učinkovitije komunikacije. Da bi korisnik mogao odabrati pravo pismo za svoje potrebe treba prije svega dobro poznavati optičke ili geometrijske značajke tipografije, tipografska pravila i povijesni razvoj tipografije. -
Typestyle Chart.Pub
TYPESTYLE CHART This is an abbreviated list of the typestyles available from 2/90. ADA fonts are designated with either one or two asterisks. Those with two asterisks comply with ANSI A.117.1 standards for enhanced readability of tactile signage elements. Use typestyle abbreviations in parentheses when placing an order. For additional fonts not on this list, contact Customer Service at 800.777.4310. Albertus (ALC) Commercial Script Connected (CSC) Americana Bold (ABC) *Compacta Bold®2 (CBL) Anglaise Fine Point (AFP) Engineering Standard (ESC) *Antique Olive Nord (AON) *ITC Eras Medium®2 (EMC) *Avant Extra Bold (AXB) *Eurostile Bold (EBC) **Avant Garde (AGM) *Eurostile Bold Extended (EBE) *BemboTM1 (BEC) **Folio Light (FLC) Berling Italic (BIC) *Franklin Gothic (FGC) Bodoni Bold (BBC) *Franklin Gothic Extra Condensed (FGE) Breeze Script Connecting (BSC) ITC Friz Quadrata®2 (FQC) Caslon Adbold (CAC) **Frutiger 55 (F55) Caslon Bold Condensed (CBO) Full Block (FBC) Century Bold (CBC) *Futura Medium (FMC) Charter Oak (COC) ITC Garamond Bold®2 (GBC) City Medium (CME) Garth GraphicTM3 (GGC) Clarendon Medium (CMC) **Gill SansTM1 (GSC) TYPESTYLE CHART (CON’T) Goudy Bold (GBO) *Optima Semi Bold (OSB) Goudy Extra Bold (GEB) Palatino (PAC) *Helvetica Bold (HBO) Palatino Italic (PAI) *Helvetica Bold Condensed (HBC) Radiant Bold Condensed (RBC) *Helvetica Medium (HMC) Rockwell BoldTM1 (RBO) **Helvetica Regular (HRC) Rockwell MediumTM1 (RMC) Highway Gothic B (HGC) Sabon Bold (SBC) ITC Isbell Bold®2 (IBC) *Standard Extended Medium (SEM) Jenson Medium (JMC) Stencil Gothic (SGC) Kestral Connected (KCC) Times Bold (TBC) Koloss (KOC) Time New Roman (TNR) Lectura Bold (LBC) *Transport Heavy (THC) Marker (MAC) Univers 57 (UN5) Melior Semi Bold (MSB) *Univers 65 (UNC) *Monument Block (MBC) *Univers 67 (UN6) Narrow Full Block (NFB) *V.A.G. -
INTERNATIONAL TYPEFACE CORPORATION, to an Insightful 866 SECOND AVENUE, 18 Editorial Mix
INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION TYPEFACE UPPER AND LOWER CASE , THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF T YPE AND GRAPHI C DESIGN , PUBLI SHED BY I NTE RN ATIONAL TYPEFAC E CORPORATION . VO LUME 2 0 , NUMBER 4 , SPRING 1994 . $5 .00 U .S . $9 .90 AUD Adobe, Bitstream &AutologicTogether On One CD-ROM. C5tta 15000L Juniper, Wm Utopia, A d a, :Viabe Fort Collection. Birc , Btarkaok, On, Pcetita Nadel-ma, Poplar. Telma, Willow are tradmarks of Adobe System 1 *animated oh. • be oglitered nt certain Mrisdictions. Agfa, Boris and Cali Graphic ate registered te a Ten fonts non is a trademark of AGFA Elaision Miles in Womb* is a ma alkali of Alpha lanida is a registered trademark of Bigelow and Holmes. Charm. Ea ha Fowl Is. sent With the purchase of the Autologic APS- Stempel Schnei Ilk and Weiss are registimi trademarks afF mdi riot 11 atea hmthille TypeScriber CD from FontHaus, you can - Berthold Easkertille Rook, Berthold Bodoni. Berthold Coy, Bertha', d i i Book, Chottiana. Colas Larger. Fermata, Berthold Garauannt, Berthold Imago a nd Noire! end tradematts of Bern select 10 FREE FONTS from the over 130 outs Berthold Bodoni Old Face. AG Book Rounded, Imaleaa rd, forma* a. Comas. AG Old Face, Poppl Autologic typefaces available. Below is Post liedimiti, AG Sitoploal, Berthold Sr tapt sad Berthold IS albami Book art tr just a sampling of this range. Itt, .11, Armed is a trademark of Haas. ITC American T}pewmer ITi A, 31n. Garde at. Bantam, ITC Reogutat. Bmigmat Buick Cad Malt, HY Bis.5155a5, ITC Caslot '2114, (11 imam. -
52Nd California International Antiquarian Book Fair List
52nd California International Antiquarian Book Fair List February 8 thru 10, 2019 John Howell for Books John Howell, member ABAA, ILAB, IOBA 5205 ½ Village Green, Los Angeles, CA 90016-5207 310 367-9720 www.johnhowellforbooks.com [email protected] THE FINE PRINT: All items offered subject to prior sale. Call or e-mail to reserve, or visit us at www.johnhowellforbooks.com, where all the items offered here are available for purchase by Credit Card or PayPal. Checks payable to John Howell for Books. Paypal payments to: [email protected]. All items are guaranteed as described. Items may be returned within 10 days of receipt for any reason with prior notice to me. Prices quoted are in US Dollars. California residents will be charged applicable sales taxes. We request prepayment by new customers. Institutional requirements can be accommodated. Inquire for trade courtesies. Shipping and handling additional. All items shipped via insured USPS Mail. Expedited shipping available upon request at cost. Standard domestic shipping is $ 5.00 for a typical octavo volume; additional items $ 2.00 each. Large or heavy items may require additional postage. We actively solicit offers of books to purchase, including estates, collections and consignments. Please inquire. This list prepared for the 52nd California International Antiquarian Book Fair, coming up the weekend of February 4 thru 11, 2019 in Oakland, California, contains 36 items including fine press material, leaf books, typography, and California history. Look for me in Booth 914, for more interesting material. John Howell for Books !3 1 [Ashendene Press] ASSISI, Francesco di (1181-1226). I Fioretti del Glorioso Poverello di Cristo S. -
The Anatomy of Type the ANATOMY of TYPE
The Anatomy of Type THE ANATOMY OF TYPE Stem Bars Serifs Leg Cap Height X Height Baseline Ascender Line X Height Descender Line Bowl Counter Ascender Shoulder Descender THE ANATOMY OF TYPE Mrs. Eaves Bembo Baskerville All of the above typefaces are set at 60 pt. You can see that each of the typefaces has a different X-Height and Cap Height. This will make each typeface read a bit differently and require each be set individually for optimal legibility. Typographic Terminology TYPOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY Font/Weight Adobe Garamond Pro Regular Adobe Garamond Pro Italic Adobe Garamond Pro Bold Adobe Garamond Pro Bold Italic The above is an example of a typeface. It is a family called a typeface while the members of the family are of different weights of the same typeface. This is a referred to as fonts. small family with only four weights. The family is TYPOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY Some typefaces have a much more extensive family of fonts. Above is a screen grab of the available fonts for Bembo. TYPOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY Ligatures fl ffl fi ffi Th fj ffjctst A ligature occurs where two or more characters are called “contextual forms” where the specific shape joined as a single glyph. Ligatures usually replace of a letter depends on context such as surrounding consecutive characters sharing common compo- letters. nents and are part of a more general class of glyphs TYPOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY Type Size Adobe Caslon Pro 6 pt. Adobe Caslon Pro 10 pt. Adobe Caslon Pro 14 pt. Adobe Caslon Pro 18 pt. Adobe Caslon Pro 24 pt. -
The Evolution of the Printed Bengali Character
The Evolution of the Printed Bengali Character from 1778 to 1978 by Fiona Georgina Elisabeth Ross School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1988 ProQuest Number: 10731406 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ProQuest 10731406 Published by ProQuest LLC (2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 - 1346 20618054 2 The Evolution of the Printed Bengali Character from 1778 to 1978 Abstract The thesis traces the evolution of the printed image of the Bengali script from its inception in movable metal type to its current status in digital photocomposition. It is concerned with identifying the factors that influenced the shaping of the Bengali character by examining the most significant Bengali type designs in their historical context, and by analyzing the composing techniques employed during the past two centuries for printing the script. Introduction: The thesis is divided into three parts according to the different methods of type manufacture and composition: 1. The Development of Movable Metal Types for the Bengali Script Particular emphasis is placed on the early founts which lay the foundations of Bengali typography. -
Greek Type Design Introduction
A primer on Greek type design by Gerry Leonidas T the 1997 ATypI Conference at Reading I gave a talk Awith the title ‘Typography & the Greek language: designing typefaces in a cultural context.’ The inspiration for that talk was a discussion with Christopher Burke on designing typefaces for a script one is not linguistically familiar with. My position was that knowledge and use of a language is not a prerequisite for understanding the script to a very high, if not conclusive, degree. In other words, although a ‘typographically attuned’ native user should test a design in real circumstances, any designer could, with the right preparation and monitoring, produce competent typefaces. This position was based on my understanding of the decisions a designer must make in designing a Greek typeface. I should add that this argument had two weak points: one, it was based on a small amount of personal experience in type design and a lot of intuition, rather than research; and, two, it was quite possible that, as a Greek, I was making the ‘right’ choices by default. Since 1997, my own work proved me right on the first point, and that of other designers – both Greeks and non- Greeks – on the second. The last few years saw multilingual typography literally explode. An obvious arena was the broader European region: the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997 which, at the same time as bringing the European Union closer to integration on a number of fields, marked a heightening of awareness in cultural characteristics, down to an explicit statement of support for dialects and local script variations. -
Printing in Bristol the University, Bristol
BRISTOL BRANCH OF THE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION PRINTING IN BRISTOL THE UNIVERSITY, BRISTOL Price £1.00 1986 A.P. WOOLRICH ISBN O 901388 46 7 I BRISTOL BRANCH OF THE HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION LOCAL HISTORY PAMPHLETS Hon. General Editor: PATRICK McGRATH Assistant General Editor: PETER HARRIS Printing in Bristol is the sixty-third pamphlet to be published by the Bristol Branch of the Historical Association. Its author, Mr A.P. Woolrich, worked for some years for the Bristol United Press and for many years he has collected works produced by Bristol printers. He has written a number of articles relating to the industrial history of the city. His book on industrial espionage will PRINTING IN BRISTOL be published shortly and his articles on the Hornblower-Maberley steam engine of 1805 and on John Farey and the Smeaton MSS have appeared in the Transactions of the Newcomen Society, vol. 56, 1986 and in History of Technology vol. 10, 1985. Although a number of studies have been made of particular firms, this is the firstsurvey of the history of the printing industry in Bristol, and Mr Woolrich hopes it will encourage further research. The Branch wishes to express its thanks to Miss Mary Williams, Bristol City Archivist, who read the manuscript and made a number of very helpful comments and suggestions. Mr Langley of the Central Reference Library and Mr Maby of the University of Bristol Library were extremely helpful with regard to the illustrations, and Mr Gordon Kelsey and the staff of the Arts Faculty Photographic Unit kindly arranged to take some of the photographs. -
Caslon Doric Collection Specimen
Caslon Doric Collection Caslon Doric takes the concept of the large, planned sans family of the 20th century, and projects it onto forms from the previous century. Based on multiple sans forms from the Caslon foundry, Caslon Doric mixes consistency while maintaining the individuality of the sources. This gives the Doric character, yet also gives it the functionality of the latter planned sans families. DESIGNED BY PUBLISHED FEATURES (VARIES BY FAMILY) PAUL BARNES 2019 PROPORTIONAL/TABULAR LINING FIGURES TIM RIPPER FRACTIONS (PREBUILT & ARBITRARY) 78 STYLES SUPERSCRIPT/SUBSCRIPT 5 FAMILIES SMALL CAPS (ROMAN) STYLISTIC ALTERNATES Commercial Classics commercialclassics.com Caslon Doric Collection 2 of 85 CASLON DORIC CASLON DORIC CASLON DORIC CASLON DORIC CASLON DORIC EXTENDED WIDE CONDENSED CONDENSED TEXT HAIRLINE HAIRLINE HAIRLINE HAIRLINE Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric THIN THIN THIN THIN THIN Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric Doric LIGHT LIGHT LIGHT LIGHT LIGHT Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric Doric REGULAR REGULAR REGULAR REGULAR REGULAR Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric Doric REGULAR NO. 2 REGULAR NO. 2 REGULAR NO. 2 Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric Doric SEMIBOLD SEMIBOLD SEMIBOLD SEMIBOLD SEMIBOLD Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric Doric Doric BOLD BOLD BOLD BOLD BOLD Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Caslon Doric Doric Doric -
The Skillful Use of Typography
Written by Gary Gnidovic and Greg Breeding The Skillful Use Of Typography A publication of Magazine Training International. What’s inside Why typography decisions are important 2 Classification of type 4 Principles for good typography 9 Selecting and using a text font 14 Other typographic elements 23 Share your thoughts with #MTIebook Chapter 1 Why typography decisions are important Aaron Burns, an influential designer and founder of the International Typeface Corporation (ITC), once said, “In typography, function is of major importance, form is secondary, and fashion [trend] is almost meaningless.” Although this may sound like an extreme view, it holds a great deal of truth. If we choose to work well with our type, concentrating on its purpose, appropriateness, and legibility, our magazines will begin to take on an air of authenticity and integrity. Rather than blindly following stylistic trends in typography, intelligent, careful attention to detail will pave the way for a more expressive, creative approach. THE SKILLFUL USE OF TYPOGRAPHY 2 Share your thoughts with #MTIebook The skillful use of type in magazine design is an area where, even with limited resources, we can do a great deal to enhance the look and feel of our publications. The creative application of a couple of well-chosen font families is often preferable to a CD containing “600 Cool Fonts for Every Purpose.” This e-book will offer some principles that will help establish a firm foundation on which to build the visual approach to your magazine. THE SKILLFUL USE OF TYPOGRAPHY Chapter 1 3 Share your thoughts with #MTIebook Chapter 2 Classifications of type There are two major classifications of type: serif and sans-serif.