DOCSLIB.ORG

NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I) NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I) Chapter 2: Watershed Characterization The Niagara River Watershed is located along the western most portion of New York State and drains into the Niagara River, the channel that connects two Great Lakes - Erie and Ontario – and divides the U.S. from Canada. New York State has a total of 17 major drainage basins. The Niagara River Watershed is included within the larger Lake Erie/Niagara River Drainage Basin. Lake Erie and the two principal rivers of the watershed, Buffalo and Niagara, receive waters from over 19 smaller tributaries within the watershed. In total, the watershed encompasses 903,305 Aerial of the Niagara River (NASA) acres of land, 3,193 miles of watercourses, and several small lakes and ponds within the Counties of Erie, Niagara, Genesee, Orleans and Wyoming. Watershed Boundary & Sub-watersheds Within New York State, the Niagara River Watershed is largely made up of eleven smaller sub- watersheds (See Niagara River Watershed Map on following page), each of which has defined boundaries based upon a 10-digit Hydrological Unit Code (HUC). The U.S. Geological Survey established the hydrological unit system as a basis for watershed planning on science-based hydrologic principles, rather than favoring administrative boundaries or a particular agency. The codes are structured in a hierarchy system to identify smaller sub-watersheds nested within larger watersheds. Table 2.1 below lists the eleven sub-watersheds that are part of the Niagara River Watershed, their 10-digit HUC, and total acreage. Page 2 - 1 NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I) Table 2.1 Subwatersheds of the Niagara River Watershed Subwatershed Hydrological Unit Code Acreage Niagara River 0412010406 98,210.90 Lower Tonawanda Creek 0412010405 78,802.20 Middle Tonawanda Creek 0412010403 79,115.90 Upper Tonawanda Creek 0412010401 127,308.10 Ellicott Creek 0412010404 76,843.90 Murder Creek 0412010402 46,685.80 Buffalo River 0412010303 105,391.60 Buffalo Creek 0412010302 93,190.90 Cayuga Creek 0412010301 81,385.30 Smokes Creek 0412010304 39,527.30 Eighteenmile Creek 0412010305 76,843.10 Niagara River Watershed 903,305.00 Source: USGS Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUC) , 2010. USGS’s hydrological units were utilized to characterize the watershed because a watershed’s boundary does not follow municipal boundaries. However there are 48 towns, 16 villages, and 7 cities located completely or partially within the Niagara River Watershed’s Boundary, including the Cities of Niagara Falls and Buffalo. These 71 municipalities include: City of Batavia Town of Bethany Town of Lockport City of Buffalo Town of Boston Town of Marilla City of Lackawanna Town of Cambria Town of Middlebury City of Lockport Town of Cheektowaga Town of Newstead City of Niagara Falls Town of Clarence Town of Niagara City of North Tonawanda Town of Colden Town of North Collins City of Tonawanda Town of Concord Town of Orangeville Town of Darien Town of Orchard Park Town of Alabama Town of Eden Town of Pembroke Town of Alden Town of Elma Town of Pendleton Town of Alexander Town of Evans Town of Porter Town of Amherst Town of Grand Island Town of Royalton Town of Arcade Town of Hamburg Town of Sardinia Town of Attica Town of Holland Town of Shelby Town of Aurora Town of Java Town of Sheldon Town of Batavia Town of Lancaster Town of Stafford Town of Bennington Town of Lewiston Town of Tonawanda Page 2-2 NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I) Town of Wales Village of Alden Village of Lancaster Town of Warsaw Village of Attica Village of Lewiston Town of West Seneca Village of Blasdell Village of Orchard Park Town of Wethersfield Village of Corfu Village of Sloan Town of Wheatfield Village of Depew Village of Williamsville Village of East Aurora Village of Youngstown Village of Akron Village of Hamburg Village of Alexander Village of Kenmore Geology & Topography In describing physical conditions of the Niagara River Watershed it is useful to traverse from the headlands in the southeast in a northwest direction toward the mouth of the Niagara where it meets Lake Ontario. Refer to the Niagara River Watershed and Sub-Watershed Map included on a previous page for orientation with the following geology and topography descriptions of the watershed. Geology In terms of bedrock geology, the Niagara River watershed descends through three levels, or plains, from the Allegheny Plateau at over 2,000 feet above sea level in southwestern New York to the Lake Ontario Plain at 246 feet above sea level in the north (Figure 2.11). An east-west trending escarpment marks each step down. Figure 2.1: Western New York Geography Southernmost and highest is the Portage Escarpment, the dissected northern border of the Allegheny Plateau. The fast flowing headwaters of Niagara’s main tributaries—Tonawanda, Cayuga, Buffalo and Cazenovia Creeks— originate here, flowing north and west across the Lake Erie Plain. Ten to twenty miles north of the Portage Escarpment, the Onondaga Escarpment marks a decrease in elevation across the watershed to the level of the Lake 1 Figure from Marian E. White, Iroquois Culture History in the Niagara Frontier Area of NYS. Page 2 - 3 NIAGARA RIVER WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN (Phase I) Huron Plain. The Onondaga Escarpment creates barriers and waterfalls on several Niagara tributaries including Indian Falls on Tonawanda Creek near Akron, Serenity Falls on Scajaquada Creek in Buffalo, and Glen Falls on Ellicott Creek in the Village of Williamsville. Vernal pools at the base of these escarpments provide critical habitat for amphibians like spotted salamanders (NYS DEC, 2006). The Onondaga Escarpment also marks the rapids between Lake Erie and the upper Niagara River. Northernmost is the Niagara Escarpment - a defining feature of the Great Lakes basin. The escarpment determines the northern boundary of the watershed. It creates Niagara Falls and divides the river into two separate aquatic ecosystems. The three escarpments can be identified in the watershed’s Elevation Map included on the following page. Bedrock throughout the entire watershed is shale with dolomite and limestone intrusions visible at the escarpments. Serenity Falls, Scajaquada Creek (M. Wooster) Landforms The landforms also change across the watershed. The southern portion consists of uplands and dissected plateau with rolling hills and plateau toe slopes consisting of deposited materials at the bottoms of steep slopes. The focus of the watershed, the Niagara River sub-basin to the west, sits on the flat lake plain bounded inland by Pleistocene beach ridges. The north and northeast portion is a lowland area and the home of the Tonawanda Floodplain which spans the Middle and Lower Tonawanda sub-basins. Soils There are three main soil types found in the watershed. Alfisols are very fertile soils that formed underneath old forests. They are moderately well drained, giving the soil a good balance of moisture. Alfisols have a layer of clay underneath the surface of the soil. Many of them are used for growing new forests or for agricultural purposes. Alfisols are primarily found in western and central New York. The northern and western regions of the state are home to histosols. These soils have a very dark layer directly underneath the surface. They have a large amount of organic material. They form in Page 2-4 W I L S O N R I D G E W A Y M U R R A Y O L A K E R ALBION O N T A R I O L R I D G E W A Y H A R T L A N D E YOUNGSTOWN N E W F A N E P O R T E R A W I L S O N N HOLLEY A L B I O N Niagara River Water shed S Niagara River Water shed MEDINA C O Management Plan MIDDLEPORT O N C I L O C K P O R T A E G C L A R E N D O N O A R L E W I S T O N R N A S H E L B Y B A R R E O C A M B R I A R O Y A L T O N C ELEVATION M O LEWISTON TUSCARORA L O C K P O R T INDIAN RESERVATION O R L E A N S C O G E N E S E E C O N I A G A R A P E N D L E T O N E L B A B Y R O N O A K F I E L D N I A G A R A W H E A T F I E L D A L A B A M A Elevation (in Meters) F A L L S ELBA TONAWANDA INDIAN OAKFIELD RESERVATION 5 .7 .3 .2 .6 .4 .4 .5 .5 .3 .2 .8 .8 . 4 2 1 4 9 9 7 2 5 6 5 6 3 6 0 5 9 2 5 8 2 6 0 3 6 9 2 6 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 N IA G A R A C O 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 5 9 6 .8 . .1 .3 .7 . .1 .5 .6 .6 .4 .3 .9 E . 2 9 E R 2 0 4 9 1 4 9 2 7 2 5 6 5 6 3 IE C O 7 1 5 1 2 5 8 3 6 0 3 6 9 2 6 R 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 I E N O R T H N E W S T E A D C T O N A W A N D A G O E A M H E R S T C L A R E N C E N AKRON E G R A N D S B A T A V I A I S L A N D E B A T A V I A T O N A W A N D A E S T A F F O R D C O P E M B R O K E T O N A W A N D A CORFU KENMORE WILLIAMSVILLE O N T A R I O County C A N A D A Sub-Basin Boundary Municipality A L D E N L A N C A S T E R B E T H A N Y A L E X A N D E R DEPEW D A R I E N P A V I L I O N 5 2.5 0 5 ALEXANDER ALDEN Miles SLOAN LANCASTER 5 2.5 0 5 B U F F A L O C H E E K T O W A G A G E N E S E E C O M IN G C O ATTICA W Y O Kilometers Sub-Basins of the Niagara River Watershed W E S T M I D D L E B U R Y E WYOMING S E N E C A B E N N I N G T O N A T T I C A M A R I L L A R I E L M A E L A C K A W A N N A C LOWER MIDDLE O NIAGARA TONAWANDA TONAWANDA RIVER CREEK CREEK BLASDELL ELLICOTT MURDER CREEK CREEK W ORCHARD EAST Y PARK AURORA O M WARSAW UPPER I N TONAWANDA H A M B U R G O R A N G E V I L L E CAYUGA G CREEK S H E L D O N CREEK A U R O R A W A L E S L A K E E R I E C O SMOKE(S) W A R S A W CREEK O R C H A R D HAMBURG BUFFALO P A R K CREEK EIGHTEENMILE CREEK BUFFALO RIVER G A I N E S V I L L E SILVER SPRINGS J A V A H O L L A N D GAINESVILLE E V A N S E D E N B O S T O N C O L D E N W E T H E R S F I E L D CASTILE National Elevation Data (NED) obtained through USDA ³ ANGOLA NRCS Geospatial Data Gateway, 30m resolution.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • When the Mountain Became the Escarpment.FH11
    Looking back... with Alun Hughes WHEN THE MOUNTAIN BECAME THE ESCARPMENT The Niagara Escarpment hasnt always been But Coronelli was not the first to put Niagara known by that name. Early in the 19th century it on the map. That distinction belongs to Father Louis was often referred to as the Mountain, and of course Hennepin, the Recollect priest who was the first it is still called that in Hamilton and Grimsby today. European to describe Niagara Falls from personal We in eastern Niagara have largely forgotten the observation. In his Description de la Louisiane, name, though it survives in the City of Thorolds published in 1683, five years after his visit, he speaks motto Where the Ships Climb the Mountain. of le grand Sault de Niagara, and labels it thus on the accompanying map. This is the form that So when did the name Niagara Escarpment first prevails thereafter, and it is the spelling used for Fort come into use? And what about the areas other de Niagara, established by the French at the mouth Niagara names, like Niagara Falls, Niagara River of the river in 1726. The English followed suit, and Niagara Peninsula? When did these first appear? though on many early maps (e.g. Moll 1715, I dont pretend to have definitive answers there Mitchell 1782) they use the name Great Fall of are too many sources I have not seen but I can Niagara rather than Niagara Falls. suggest some preliminary conclusions. In his Description Hennepin also refers to la The name Niagara is definitely of native origin, belle Riviere de Niagara, so the name Niagara though there is no agreement about its meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Resource Regions and Major Land Resource Areas in New York
    R L NS Land Resource Regions and Major Land Resource Areas in New York State Land Resource Regions and Major Land Resource Areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin MLRA Explorer Custom Report L - Lake State Fruit, Truck Crop, and Dairy Region 101 - Ontario-Erie Plain and Finger Lakes Region M - Central Feed Grains and Livestock Region 111E - Indiana and Ohio Till Plain, Eastern Part 111B - Indiana and Ohio Till Plain, Northeastern Part R - Northeastern Forage and Forest Region 144B - New England and Eastern New York Upland, Northern Part 144A - New England and Eastern New York Upland, Southern Part 143 - Northeastern Mountains 142 - St. Lawrence-Champlain Plain 141 - Tughill Plateau 140 - Glaciated Allegheny Plateau and Catskill Mountains 139 - Lake Erie Glaciated Plateau Major Land Resource Regions Custom Report Page 1 Data Source: USDA Agriculture Handbook 296 (2006) 03/26/08 http://soils.usda.gov/MLRAExplorer L - Lake State Fruit, Truck Crop, and Dairy Region Figure L-1: Location of Land Resource Region L LRR Overview This region (shown in fig. L-1) is in Michigan (59 percent), New York (22 percent), Ohio (10 percent), Indiana (8 percent), and Illinois (1 percent). A very small part is in Pennsylvania. The region makes up 45,715 square miles (118,460 square kilometers). Typically, the land surface is a nearly level to gently sloping glaciated plain (fig. L-2). The average annual precipitation is typically 30 to 41 inches (760 to 1,040 millimeters), but it is 61 inches (1,550 millimeters) in the part of the region east of Lake Erie.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aquatic Insect Community in Penitentiary Glen, a Portage Escarpment Stream in Northeastern Ohio1
    Copyright © 1984 Ohio Acad. Sci. 0030-0950/84/0003-0113 $2.00/0 THE AQUATIC INSECT COMMUNITY IN PENITENTIARY GLEN, A PORTAGE ESCARPMENT STREAM IN NORTHEASTERN OHIO1 DAVID J. ROBERTSON,2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 ABSTRACT. The aquatic insects inhabiting Penitentiary Glen, an isolated, high- gradient lotic habitat along Stoney Brook in Lake County, Ohio, were sampled during winter (December 1976), spring (May 1977), and summer (July 1977) months. Col- lections of immatures from dip nets and Surber samples were augmented with adult specimens taken in sweep nets and hand-picked from streamside rocks. Seventy-three species distributed among 60 genera in 7 orders were collected. Based on the diverse composition of the community dominated by organisms intolerant of organic en- richment, water quality in Stoney Brook is not significantly degraded. Community composition varies seasonally, with a trend toward a declining proportion of facultative organisms and increasing proportions of saproxenous and saprophobic organisms from winter through spring and into summer. Benthic diversity in Penitentiary Glen compares favorably with that in similar, relatively undisturbed northeastern Ohio streams, but the identity and proportional distribution of aquatic taxa varies considerably between streams. OHIO J. SCI. 84 (3): 113-119, 1984 INTRODUCTION the base to over 300 m at the crest. The Portage Escarpment demarks the Streams draining the highlands have exca- northern edge of the Allegheny Plateau in vated narrow gorges into the edge of the northeastern Ohio. A steep ridge paral- plateau in their descent to Lake Erie. Be- leling the southern shoreline of Lake Erie tween the Grand River and its tributaries reveals the location of the escarpment on the northeast and the Cuyahoga Valley which extends westward from Ashtabula on the west, the streams have created a Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology
    OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN I. ON AN INCREASE IN THE NAIAD FAUNA OF SAGINAW BAY, MICHIGAN 11. THE NAIAD SPECIES OF THE GREAT LAI(ES BY CALVINGOODRICH AND HENRYVANDER SCHALIE 1. NINE species of Naiades were found by Dr. H. B. Baker to inhabit Saginaw Bay in the vicinity of Sand Point, Huron County, Michigan, when he made his study of the molluscan fauna of the region in 1908. The survey was a very thorough one and several weelis mere devoted to the work. Twenty-three years later, a much more perfunctory survey was made by the writers of this paper in the same locality, their visits to Sand Point being more in the nature of holidays than for collecting purposes. Yet their findings amounted to thirteen species in contrast to Baker's nine. Moreover, they are enabled to report that five of the nine species of the Baker list proved to be more abundant in 1931 than they were in 1908. Such an increase in ~nollnsca appears to be unusual in American species. The writers are unable to find in the litera- ture of the subject any inention of anything quite like it. In- stances have occurred where an introduced species, Bytlzinia tentaculata (Linnaeus), for example, has developed such a fecundity as to be a pest (F. C. Balier, 1902 ; Sterlqi, 1910). A circnmboreal land snail, Vallonia ~~z~l~lzella(Miiller) , is kno~\~nto have developed exceedingly large colonies that prob- ably were larger than those wliich existed before the trans- plantation of European agriculture on this continent (G.
    [Show full text]
  • Glen Haffy Conservation Area Welcome
    www.trca.on.ca Glen Haffy Conservation Area Welcome to Glen Haffy Conservation Area, a beautiful natural area located within the Humber River Watershed, Humber River Watershed Fishing at Glen Haffy at the junction of Ontario’s two most dominant The Humber River watershed covers an area of 903 square Each year, Glen Haffy raises 60,000 rainbow trout at its on-site geological features - The Niagara Escarpment and kilometres, from the headwaters on the Niagara Escarpment fish hatchery, and these fish are released into the fishing the Oak Ridges Moraine. and Oak Ridges Moraine down to Lake Ontario. The watershed ponds at Glen Haffy Conservation Area, the Glen Haffy Fly provides many benefits to the people who live within it including Fishing Club and Heart Lake Conservation Area. The proceeds Glen Haffy Conservation Area is a 189 hectare Toronto drinking water, solace, renewal and contact with nature. generated by angling fees help fund the fish rearing program. and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) property with great hiking trails you can escape into. Oak Ridges Moraine Glen Haffy Fly Fishing Club The Oak Ridges Moraine stretches as a ridge of hilly terrain for Join the Glen Haffy Fly Fishing Club, escape into 160 kilometres from the Niagara Escarpment in the west to the tranquility and enjoy: headwaters of the Trent River in the east. Rain that is collected and stored in the moraine’s vast underground layers of sand and • Access to private gated Headwaters Ponds located on 600 gravel, which are known as aquifers, eventually resurfaces as acres of prestine conservation lands Become a healthy, clean water that feeds the majority of river systems in • Use of Row Boats, Docks and Log Cabin Conservation the Greater Toronto Area.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1. Natural History
    CHAPTER 1. NATURAL HISTORY CHAPTER 1. NATURAL HISTORY —THE WILDERNESS THAT GREETED THE FIRST SETTLERS The land one sees today traveling through northern Ohio took gone. Thus, some 14,000 years ago as the last glacier receded millions of years to form. We can see evidence of tropical sea into the Lake Erie basin, the first Native Americans arrived and reefs on the Lake Erie Islands and deep ocean sediments here in began to utilize the natural resources that these natural processes the cliffs of the Black River. Ohio was just south of the equator had produced. at that time, some 350 million years ago, and over the millennia The natural history of Sheffield encompasses all those natural has migrated northward to its present position. Mountain features and processes of the environment that greeted the Native building to the east eventually raised the sea floor from under Americans, and later the pioneers, when they first arrived in the waves and erosion by streams, and later glacial ice, began Sheffield. To be sure, the landscape was a magnificent wilderness to sculpture the land. At the same time plants and animals were to the settlers, but it needed to be “tamed” in order to support evolving and began to populate the new land once the ice was the newcomers. Ice formation on the shale bluff of the Black River north of Garfield Bridge (2005). 1 BICENTENNIAL HISTORY OF SHEFFIELD TOPOGRAPHY Regional Physiography The topography of an area is the configuration of the land Physiography refers to the physical features or landforms of surface, including its relief [vertical differences in elevation of a region.
    [Show full text]
  • Physiographic Regions of Ohio: Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geo Logical Survey, Page-Size Map with Text, 2 P., Scale 1:2,100,00
    STATE OF OHIO ¥ DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ¥ DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PHYSIOGRAPHIC 10 REGIONS OF OHIO N T E P M R A C S 1 Toledo E E T A G 13 2 7.2 7.2 N T E R O M Cleveland P P Woodville R A 8 6 10 C N T 13.1 7.6a M E 7.2 S Castalia P Berea E E R PM N T R 7 A 8.1 A S Bellevue C 7.3 U C B ES S M E A U 2.1 Y 7.6b N L E Paulding 7.1 O R E 7.5 E Youngstown C H B 6 G Akron E 7.4 L 10 L 11 A 10 Canton Galion 12 2 2 3.3 Sparta T T N Bellefontaine E N Steubenville M E P M 14 10 12 P R E D R A Union I C Bloomer A V City S C I 3.1 S E D 3.4 E 6 Y G N A N E E I Columbus R H H 3.2 S 17.1 E Zanesville G U B L E F L 3.6 L A 3 Dayton 3.5 10 17 Marietta 10 T Athens N Chillicothe PROVINCES & SECTIONS E M 12 P 9 R A Huron-Erie C Lake Plains 4 S 16 E 15 LAND Plateaus Cincinnati Y Glaciated Allegheny N E 5 H G Till E L Plains N L A 9 0 10 20 30 40 miles CENTRAL LOW Allegheny Plateaus Ironton 0 10 20 30 40 50 kilometers INTERIOR APPALACHIAN PLATEAUS LOW PLATEAU Bluegrass Section Till Plains Transitional boundary Glaciated Allegheny Plateaus Lake basin/deposits outside Huron-Erie Lake Plains 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Niagara Escarpment the Niagara Escarpment Extends from The
    The Niagara Escarpment King Road, looking south from the escarpment, ca. 1910 Source: Halton Information Network The Niagara Escarpment extends from the Niagara River to the northern tip of the Bruce Peninsula and continues through Manitoulin Island. In total, the escarpment stretches 2,300 kilometres and in some places is as much as 250 metres above sea level (Davidson 1989). A variety of landforms exist along the brow of the escarpment, and the vicinity of the escarpment itself is cut by numerous creeks. Several large valleys exist near Waterdown, Lowville, Campbellville and Limehouse. There are scenic gorges further north at the Forks of the Credit (Chapman and Putnam 1984). These physiographic elements have accumulated over red shale bedrock belonging to the Upper Ordovician Queenston formation (Davidson 1989). Contrary to previous belief, the Niagara Escarpment did not emerge as the result of a fault, but rather when much of North America was covered by warm shallow waters 5–4 million years ago. While glaciation did not create the Niagara Escarpment, glacial Lake Iroquois etched and eroded the escarpment face. Prior to Euro-Canadian contact, the Niagara Escarpment was well-utilized by First Nations peoples in the Burlington area. It provided a transportation route along which the long trek could be made northwesterly to the Bruce Peninsula. Additionally, it provided a local resource for the materials used in the production of stone tools such as arrowheads and spear points. Early settlement in the vicinity of the Niagara Escarpment was quite slow due to the complex geography of the escarpment. Farming escarpment lands proved difficult for rudimentary agricultural implements due to the abundance of underlying rock.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking the Niagara Frontier
    Ongoing work in the Niagara Region Next Steps Heritage Development in Western New York The November Roundtable concluded with a lively Rethinking the Niagara Frontier It would be a mistake, however, to say that the process of heritage development has discussion of the prospects for bi-national cooperation European Participants yet to begin here. around issues of natural and cultural tourism and her- itage development. There is no shortage of assets or Michael Schwarze-Rodrian As Bradshaw Hovey of UB’s smaller scale and at a finer grain. Projekt Ruhr GmbH Urban Design Project outlined, He highlighted the case of Fort stories, and there is great opportunity we can seize by Berliner Platz 6-8 A report on the November Roundtable there are initiatives in environ- Erie, one of the smaller commu- working together. Essen, Germany 45127 mental repair, historic preserva- nities in the region, but one that Email: schwarze-rodrian@projek- tion, infrastructure investment, rightfully lays claim to the title of Some identified the need to truhr.de economic development, and cul- “gateway to Canada.” broaden and deepen grassroots November 20, 2000 tural interpretation ongoing from What Fort Erie has done is rel- involvement, while others zeroed Christian Schützinger one end of the region to the atively simple. They have in on the necessity of engaging Bodensee-Alpenrhein Tourismus other. matched local assets with eco- leadership at higher levels of gov- Focus on heritage Bethlehem Steel Plant Postfach 16 In Buffalo, work is proceeding Source: Patricia Layman Bazelon nomic trends and community ernment and business. There was A-6901 Bregenz, Austria To develop the great bi-national region that spans the Niagara River, we should on the redevelopment of South goals to identify discrete areas of a great deal of discussion about Email: c.schuetzinger@bodensee- Buffalo “brownfields”; aggressive works; and a cultural tourism desired investment.
    [Show full text]
  • Underground Railroad in Western New York
    Underground Railroad on The Niagara Frontier: Selected Sources in the Grosvenor Room Key Grosvenor Room Buffalo and Erie County Public Library 1 Lafayette Square * = Oversized book Buffalo, New York 14203-1887 Buffalo = Buffalo Collection (716) 858-8900 Stacks = Closed Stacks, ask for retrieval www.buffalolib.org GRO = Grosvenor Collection Revised June 2020 MEDIA = Media Room Non-Fiction = General Collection Ref. = Reference book, cannot be borrowed 1 Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 2 Books .............................................................................................................................. 2 Newspaper Articles ........................................................................................................ 4 Journal & Magazine Articles .......................................................................................... 5 Slavery Collection in the Rare Book Room ................................................................... 6 Vertical File ..................................................................................................................... 6 Videos ............................................................................................................................. 6 Websites ......................................................................................................................... 7 Further resources at BECPL .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Proposal Cover
    Final Report June 2017 Transit Survey for GBRNTC moore & associates 2017 Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Onboard Survey Greater Buffalo-Niagara Regional Transportation Council Final Report Table of Contents Chapter 1: Executive Summary .................................................... 01 Chapter 2: Overview and Methodology ....................................... 07 Chapter 3: Analysis and Key Findings ........................................... 19 Chapter 4: Spatial Analysis .......................................................... 77 Appendix A: Survey Instrument – Bus Survey .............................. A-1 Appendix B: Survey Instrument – Rail Survey .............................. B-1 Appendix C: Simple Frequencies – Bus Survey ............................. C-1 Appendix D: Simple Frequencies – Rail Survey ............................. D-1 Appendix E: Transfer Matrix ....................................................... E-1 Appendix F: Data Dictionary ........................................................ F-1 Moore & Associates, Inc. | 2017 2017 Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Onboard Survey Greater Buffalo-Niagara Regional Transportation Council Final Report This page intentionally blank. Moore & Associates, Inc. | 2017 2017 Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority Onboard Survey Greater Buffalo-Niagara Regional Transportation Council Final Report Chapter 1 Executive Summary In 2017, the Greater Buffalo-Niagara Transportation Council retained Moore & Associates to conduct an origin/destination study of
    [Show full text]
  • Downtown Neighborhood City of Niagara Falls: Phase I
    Intensive Level Survey Historic Resources – Downtown Neighborhood City of Niagara Falls: Phase I 3.0 Historical Overview This section provides a narrative history of the City of Niagara Falls with specific emphasis on the Downtown neighborhood. The overview addresses significant trends and themes associated with the city’s historic context. The Downtown neighborhood’s period of significance is identified and examined in this chapter. Martin Wachadlo, architectural historian, conducted the background historic research. 3.1 Niagara County: Physiology and Geology Figure 3-1. Niagara Falls, Niagara Falls, New York Niagara County borders the southern shore of Lake Ontario in the extreme northwestern corner of New York State, and occupies part of the Huron and Ontario Plains. The Ontario Plain comprises part of Lake Ontario to the foot of the Niagara Escarpment1, and the Huron plain extends from the crest of the escarpment southward beyond the county line. The Niagara Escarpment begins in Watertown, New York, USA and extends westerly along the Manitoulin Island in the Province of Ontario, Canada. The escarpment continues through Wisconsin and Illinois. With geological material measuring 64-ft thick, the stratigraphy at Niagara Falls provides a glimpse into the overall rock types comprising the Niagara Escarpment (Figure 3-1). The top layer is Lockport Dolomite, a hard rock referred to as the "Lower Silurian Group." Below the top layer is Rochester Shale, which is much softer and wears away easily with the effects of erosion. Under the shale are harder strata of limestone and dolostone known as the "Clinton Group." Below the harder strata is Grimsby sandstone.
    [Show full text]