DOCSLIB.ORG

Vertical Migration, Orientation, Aggregation, and Fecundity of the Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Siliquoidea1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Vertical Migration, Orientation, Aggregation, and Fecundity of the Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Siliquoidea1 Vertical Migration, Orientation, Aggregation, and Fecundity of the Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea1 STEPHANIE J. PERLES2>\ ALAN D. CHRISTIAN3-^, AND DAVID J. BERG4-6, ^Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056; 6Department of Zoology, Miami University, Hamilton, OH 45011 ABSTRACT. The decline in freshwater mussels makes it imperative that more information be gathered on their population status, behavior, and habitat requirements. We examined vertical migration, aggregation, and reproductive potential of captive and field populations of Lampsilis siliquoidea. Both captive populations and a field population exhibited vertical migration. This movement was strongly correlated with day length, and somewhat less strongly correlated with water temperature. While captive mussels tended to orient their siphons into the current, no pattern of orientation was detected in the field population. The field population was significantly aggregated in the fall and winter. The spatial patterning of captive mussels was random in the fall and winter, but this result may have been an artifact of the small size of the artificial streams. Weather conditions prevented data collection in the spring and, therefore, no conclusions could be drawn about the relationship between aggregation and glochidia release. The average number of glochidia (parasitic larvae) produced by individuals across a limited size range was not correlated with any maternal or marsupial properties. These results are useful for implementing qualitative sampling methods under optimum conditions and for information on the reproductive potential of Lampsilis siliquoidea. OHIO J SCI 103 (4):73-78, 2003 INTRODUCTION siderably higher than that of other North American Freshwater mussels of the Families Unionidae and faunal groups (Ricciardi and Rasmussen 1999). The de- Margaritiferidae may represent up to 90% of the standing cline in freshwater mussels makes it imperative that biomass of benthic invertebrates in streams (0kland more information be gathered on their population 1963). They may remove significant amounts of par- status, behavior, and habitat requirements. ticulate matter from the water through filter feeding and Though mussels are generally considered to be sessile, pedal feeding, and may have a strong impact on nutrient many recent studies have documented both vertical cycling, algal dynamics, and lake management because and horizontal migration (Amyot and Downing 1991, of their relatively unselective feeding and high filtration 1997; Balfour and Smock 1995; Kat 1982; Downing and rates (Amyot and Downing 1991; Davis and others 1999). others 1993). Approximately 90% of a stream-dwelling Due to their feeding habits, freshwater mussels are used population of Elliptic* complanata burrowed below the frequently for detecting pollution and acidification substrate during the winter; these mussels began to (Downing and Downing 1992). Since freshwater mussels return to the surface in February (Balfour and Smock inhabit stream bottoms, they may also be good indi- 1995). By April, 80% of the mussels were exposed in cators of the stability of river substrates (Di Maio and accordance with the peak time of glochidia release. Corkum 1995). Vertical migration in lake-dwelling unionids is positively Many freshwater mussel species are now endangered correlated with water temperature (Amyot and Down- due to habitat modification and the introduction of non- ing 1997). Across the bottom of a stream, freshwater native mussels (Bogan 1993). By 1995, 58 species of mussels are often distributed non-randomly, exhibiting a North American freshwater mussels were federally listed high degree of spatial heterogeneity even in homo- as endangered, with many more presumed to be poten- geneous habitats (Downing and others 1993). tially endangered (Neves 1997). Some of the latter were We investigated temporal changes in vertical migra- functionally extinct, meaning individuals of a species tion, spatial aggregation, and orientation of Lampsilis were surviving but not reproducing (Bogan 1993). Ohio siliquoidea in artificial streams (AS) and compared these is home to 79 described taxa of freshwater mussels, findings with behavior of individuals in a field popu- with over 65% of them having some form of conser- lation (FP). Previous studies have evaluated vertical mi- vation status (Watters 1995). Recent work has estimated gration by reporting the proportion of the population that the extinction rate of freshwater mussels is con- exposed above the substrate at different points in time. Our study measured the vertical movement of individual mussels, which provides insight into the wintering be- manuscript received 4 January 2001 and in revised form 29 July 2002 (#00-22). havior of stream-dwelling freshwater mussels. We de- 2Current address: Pennsylvania Chapter, The Nature Conservancy, scribed changes in spatial aggregation during the autumn, 208 Airport Drive, Middletown, PA 17057 and also examined orientation of mussels relative to 3 Current address: Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State stream current. Following the conclusion of the study, University, PO Box 599, State University, AR 72467 Corresponding Author: Department of Zoology, Miami University, we sacrificed female mussels to estimate fecundity and to Hamilton, OH 45011 relate fecundity to a variety of anatomical measurements. 74 MUSSEL BEHAVIOR AND FECUNDITY VOL. 103 MATERIALS AND METHODS tests were conducted and a repeated measures analysis Our field population consisted of a mussel bed lo- was conducted on the artificial stream populations cated in the East Fork of the Little Miami River above across each sampling date (StatXact4, Cytel Software the Highway 68 bridge in Greene County, OH (39° 13' Corporation 1999). Ambient air and water temperatures N, 83° 54' W). This bed was dominated by Lampsilis and dissolved oxygen content were recorded at every siliquoidea (J2-75% of 22-28 mussels found on 3 sample stream each time orientation data were collected. dates) and also contained L. cardium, Amblema plicata, To measure aggregation, the sampling areas were con- and Fusconaia flava. In mid-October 1996, 54 L. sili- sidered to be x-y coordinate grids onto which individuals' quoidea (18 females, 36 males) located upstream of the positions were mapped. Aggregation was assessed using field population were collected for placement in arti- nearest neighbor spatial analysis (Crist and Wiens 1996). ficial streams. Mussels were placed on ice in plastic These analyses compared the observed aggregation with bags and transported immediately to the Ecology spatial patterns generated by computer simulations of Research Center (ERC) of Miami University. Length, a random-point process. The simulated patterns were width, breadth, mass, and sex were recorded for each generated by randomly placing points within a rec- collected mussel. A number was engraved into the shell tangle of the same size as the stream site. The number of each mussel with a diamond tip stylus to enable of points placed in the area was equal to the number identification of individuals. of mussels at the stream site. The nearest neighbor Within 12 hours of their capture, the mussels were distances (NND) were calculated for the observed pat- tern and the simulations. Of the 999 simulations, the placed in 3 artificial streams that were connected to an th experimental pond at the ERC. Each 1.2 m x 2.4 m 25 lowest and highest NND values were used to set the stream contained approximately 20 cm of gravel sedi- lower and upper 95% confidence intervals. Calculated ment and 10 cm of water. These habitat parameters NNDs that fell below the lower confidence limit in- were similar to the headwater stream bed that con- dicated a clumped dispersion pattern; those that fell tained the natural population. Water was circulated above the upper confidence limit indicated a regular from the experimental pond by a sump pump at a dispersion pattern. Values which fell within the 95% current velocity of approximately 0.18 m/sec. Mussels confidence interval denoted random spacing (Crist and were randomly selected and then placed in the streams Wiens 1996). 30.5 cm apart in a 6 x 3 grid arrangement. Each mussel Due to severe cold weather in December 1996 and was placed such that 2.0 cm of shell was exposed January 1997, the captive mussels perished after the arti- above the substrate; the umbo was protruding from the ficial streams froze. Mussels were subsequently preserved substrate at a 45° angle to the stream bottom and was in 70% alcohol after being fixed in 10% formalin for four parallel to the current, with the siphons facing up- weeks. The reproductive status of each individual was stream. This orientation was considered a 0° angle of confirmed by examination of gill morphology. For each deviation from the current. The captive population was gravid female, each marsupium was removed and fed twice per week with Microfeast Plus™ L-10 algae weighed. For one marsupium per female, the number of replacement and live algae (Chlamy'domonas sp.). water tubes was noted and then the whole marsupium Identical measurement procedures were followed was placed in 100 mL of 15% Clorox™ bleach to dissolve once a month for the field population and twice a week the tissue and separate the glochidia. After incubating for the captive population between October and De- overnight, water was added to dilute the solution to cember 1996. Data were usually collected in the early 250 mL. The solution was stirred until a homogeneous afternoon. For each individual, vertical position was mixture of glochidia was attained. Three 0.5 mL samples determined by using a ruler to measure the maximum were taken from the mixture and the number of glo- height of the mussel shell above the substrate, and a chidia was counted. The average of the three samples protractor to measure the angle at which the mussel was used to estimate the total number of glochidia projected out of the substrate. Vertical movement was housed in a marsupium and this result was multiplied by analyzed using regressions of shell height-above- two in order to estimate total glochidia per female. substrate versus water temperature and day length.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Surveys and Monitoring for the Hiawatha National Forest: FY 2018 Report
    Surveys and Monitoring for the Hiawatha National Forest: FY 2018 Report Prepared By: David L. Cuthrell, Michael J. Monfils, Peter J. Badra, Logan M. Rowe, and William MacKinnon Michigan Natural Features Inventory Michigan State University Extension P.O. Box 13036 Lansing, MI 48901-3036 Prepared For: Hiawatha National Forest 18 March 2019 MNFI Report No. 2019-10 Suggested Citation: Cuthrell, David L., Michael J. Monfils, Peter J. Badra, Logan M. Rowe, and William MacKinnon. 2019. Surveys and Monitoring for the Hiawatha National Forest: FY 2018 Report. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Report No. 2019-10, Lansing, MI. 27 pp. + appendices Copyright 2019 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. MSU Extension programs and ma- terials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status or family status. Cover: Large boulder with walking fern, Hiawatha National Forest, July 2018 (photo by Cuthrell). Table of Contents Niagara Habitat Monitoring – for rare snails, ferns and placement of data loggers (East Unit) .......................... 1 Raptor Nest Checks and Productivity Surveys (East and West Units) ................................................................... 2 Rare Plant Surveys (East and West Units) ............................................................................................................. 4 Dwarf bilberry and Northern blue surveys (West Unit) ……………………………..………………………………………………6 State Wide Bumble Bee Surveys (East
    [Show full text]
  • PETITION to LIST the Western Ridged Mussel
    PETITION TO LIST The Western Ridged Mussel Gonidea angulata (Lea, 1838) AS AN ENDANGERED SPECIES UNDER THE U.S. ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT Photo credit: Xerces Society/Emilie Blevins Submitted by The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation Prepared by Emilie Blevins, Sarina Jepsen, and Sharon Selvaggio August 18, 2020 The Honorable David Bernhardt Secretary, U.S. Department of Interior 1849 C Street, NW Washington, DC 20240 Dear Mr. Bernhardt: The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation hereby formally petitions to list the western ridged mussel (Gonidea angulata) as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq. This petition is filed under 5 U.S.C. 553(e) and 50 CFR 424.14(a), which grants interested parties the right to petition for issue of a rule from the Secretary of the Interior. Freshwater mussels perform critical functions in U.S. freshwater ecosystems that contribute to clean water, healthy fisheries, aquatic food webs and biodiversity, and functioning ecosystems. The richness of aquatic life promoted and supported by freshwater mussel beds is analogous to coral reefs, with mussels serving as both structure and habitat for other species, providing and concentrating food, cleaning and clearing water, and enhancing riverbed habitat. The western ridged mussel, a native freshwater mussel species in western North America, once ranged from San Diego County in California to southern British Columbia and east to Idaho. In recent years the species has been lost from 43% of its historic range, and the southern terminus of the species’ distribution has contracted northward approximately 475 miles. Live western ridged mussels were not detected at 46% of the 87 sites where it historically occurred and that have been recently revisited.
    [Show full text]
  • Louisiana's Animal Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN)
    Louisiana's Animal Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) ‐ Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Animals ‐ 2020 MOLLUSKS Common Name Scientific Name G‐Rank S‐Rank Federal Status State Status Mucket Actinonaias ligamentina G5 S1 Rayed Creekshell Anodontoides radiatus G3 S2 Western Fanshell Cyprogenia aberti G2G3Q SH Butterfly Ellipsaria lineolata G4G5 S1 Elephant‐ear Elliptio crassidens G5 S3 Spike Elliptio dilatata G5 S2S3 Texas Pigtoe Fusconaia askewi G2G3 S3 Ebonyshell Fusconaia ebena G4G5 S3 Round Pearlshell Glebula rotundata G4G5 S4 Pink Mucket Lampsilis abrupta G2 S1 Endangered Endangered Plain Pocketbook Lampsilis cardium G5 S1 Southern Pocketbook Lampsilis ornata G5 S3 Sandbank Pocketbook Lampsilis satura G2 S2 Fatmucket Lampsilis siliquoidea G5 S2 White Heelsplitter Lasmigona complanata G5 S1 Black Sandshell Ligumia recta G4G5 S1 Louisiana Pearlshell Margaritifera hembeli G1 S1 Threatened Threatened Southern Hickorynut Obovaria jacksoniana G2 S1S2 Hickorynut Obovaria olivaria G4 S1 Alabama Hickorynut Obovaria unicolor G3 S1 Mississippi Pigtoe Pleurobema beadleianum G3 S2 Louisiana Pigtoe Pleurobema riddellii G1G2 S1S2 Pyramid Pigtoe Pleurobema rubrum G2G3 S2 Texas Heelsplitter Potamilus amphichaenus G1G2 SH Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax G2 S1 Endangered Endangered Inflated Heelsplitter Potamilus inflatus G1G2Q S1 Threatened Threatened Ouachita Kidneyshell Ptychobranchus occidentalis G3G4 S1 Rabbitsfoot Quadrula cylindrica G3G4 S1 Threatened Threatened Monkeyface Quadrula metanevra G4 S1 Southern Creekmussel Strophitus subvexus
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Mussels of Montana
    Freshwater Mussels of Montana David Stagliano, Montana Biological Survey This project was supported by the Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks State Wildlife Grants (SWG) program and the Natural Heritage Program (MNHP). We would like to acknowledge NHP field zoologists who’ve helped to survey for invertebrates over the years: Paul Hendricks, Coburn Currier and Susan Lenard, as well as other biologists from state and federal agencies, universities (especially Dan Gustafson, MSU), consultants (Dan McGuire) and non-biologists who have reported sightings. Report Your Mussel Sightings If you see dead mussel shells or live mussels, Please report them!! Notes to make: 1) Where you are: stream name and major road crossing (GPS coordinates are best) 2) Are the shells abundant, fresh or old (fresh mussels will have flexible hinge ligaments still attached, maybe internal muscle parts and may smell bad) 3) Take a photo of live specimens for verification (if you have a camera or your phone) and release them or send dry shells in (wrap in paper towels in a Ziploc bag) as a voucher. Contact Information: ******************************************** David Stagliano, Montana Biological Survey, Aquatic Ecologist, email: [email protected] website: www.montanabiologicalsurvey.com work: 406-449-6458 Dan Bachen, Montana Natural Heritage Program, Lead Zoologist, email: [email protected] website: www.mtnhp.org work: 406-444-3586 ******************************************** Freshwater Mussels: Montana’s Hidden Biological Treasure Mussels are a seldom seen and under-appreciated biological component in many of Montana’s trout streams and Prairie Rivers. Montana’s only trout stream mussel, the western pearlshell has been disappearing from many watersheds for decades. Few people know that Montana has native freshwater mussels; even fish biologists and fishing guides who spend thousands of hours on streams and rivers may not realize that they are floating over or “stepping on” these cryptic organisms (most resemble rocks on the river bottom).
    [Show full text]
  • Atlas of the Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae)
    1 Atlas of the Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) (Class Bivalvia: Order Unionoida) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve & State Nature Preserve, Ohio and surrounding watersheds by Robert A. Krebs Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44115 September 2015 (Revised from 2009) 2 Atlas of the Freshwater Mussels (Unionidae) (Class Bivalvia: Order Unionoida) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve & State Nature Preserve, Ohio, and surrounding watersheds Acknowledgements I thank Dr. David Klarer for providing the stimulus for this project and Kristin Arend for a thorough review of the present revision. The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve provided housing and some equipment for local surveys while research support was provided by a Research Experiences for Undergraduates award from NSF (DBI 0243878) to B. Michael Walton, by an NOAA fellowship (NA07NOS4200018), and by an EFFRD award from Cleveland State University. Numerous students were instrumental in different aspects of the surveys: Mark Lyons, Trevor Prescott, Erin Steiner, Cal Borden, Louie Rundo, and John Hook. Specimens were collected under Ohio Scientific Collecting Permits 194 (2006), 141 (2007), and 11-101 (2008). The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve in Ohio is part of the National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS), established by section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act, as amended. Additional information on these preserves and programs is available from the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office for Coastal Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U. S. Department of Commerce, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Mussels of North Mississippi National Wildlife Refuge Complex
    FRESHWATER MUSSELS OF NORTH MISSISSIPPI NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE COMPLEX September 30, 2004 Emily Hartfield U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ecological Services 6578 Dogwood View Parkway Jackson, Mississippi 39213 0 Table of Contents Introduction 2 Mussel Identification 3 Life Hi tory and Reproduction 5 Species Account 7 Threeridge 8 Rock Pocketbook 9 Wabash Pigtoe 10 Round Pearl hell 11 Loui iana Fatmucket 12 Fatmucket 13 Yellow Sand hell 14 Fragile Paper hell 15 Pondmus el 16 Wa hboard 17 Threehom Warty back 18 Bankclimber 19 Pyramid Pigtoe 20 Pink PapersheH 21 Bleufer 22 Giant Floater 23 Wartyback 24 Pimple back 25 Mapleleaf 26 Texa Lilliput 27 Pi tolgrip 28 Fawn foot 29 Deertoe 30 Pondhom 31 Paper Pond hell 32 A ian Clam 33 Reference 34 Appendix I: orth Mi i ippi National Wildlife Refuge Complex Survey Site and Species List 35 1 Introduction Freshwater mussels are one of the most imperiled groups of animals in North America. Currently 70 mussel species are listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act, and a number of others are candidates or potential candidates for protection. Affected by siltation, erosion, polluted runoff, impoundment, channelization, habitat fragmentation, and population isolation, even common and widespread species have declined dramatically from historic levels. Mussels have been economically tied to the Mississippi River delta and its drainages since prehistoric times. Native Americans not only ate mussels, but also used their shells for tools, containers, utensils, and jewelry. Early European settlers also consumed them during hard times, and often harvested natural pearls from them. During the late 1800's and early 1900's, mussel shells were harvested to make highly prized pearl buttons, which were shipped throughout the world and became a multi-million dollar industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Biological Report Neosho Mucket (Lampsilis Rafinesqueana)
    Species Biological Report Neosho Mucket (Lampsilis rafinesqueana) Cover photo: Dr. Chris Barnhart (Missouri State University) Prepared by: The Neosho Mucket Recovery Team This species biological report informs the Draft Recovery Plan for the Neosho Mucket (Lampsilis rafinesqueana) (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 2017). The Species Biological Report is a comprehensive biological status review by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) for the Neosho Mucket and provides an account of species overall viability. A Recovery Implementation Strategy, which provides the expanded narrative for the recovery activities and the implementation schedule, is available at https://www.fws.gov/arkansas-es/. The Recovery Implementation Strategy and Species Biological Report are finalized separately from the Recovery Plan and will be updated on a routine basis. Executive Summary The Neosho Mucket is a freshwater mussel endemic to the Illinois, Neosho, and Verdigris River basins in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. It is associated with shallow riffles and runs comprising gravel substrate and moderate to swift currents, but prefers near-shore areas or areas out of the main current in Shoal Creek and Illinois River. It does not occur in reservoirs lacking riverine characteristics. The life-history traits and habitat requirements of the Neosho Mucket make it extremely susceptible to environmental change (e.g., droughts, sedimentation, chemical contaminants). Mechanisms leading to the decline of Neosho Mucket range from local (e.g., riparian clearing, chemical contaminants, etc.), to regional influences (e.g., altered flow regimes, channelization, etc.), to global climate change. The synergistic (interaction of two or more components) effects of threats are often complex in aquatic environments, making it difficult to predict changes in mussel and fish host(s) distribution, abundance, and habitat availability that may result from these effects.
    [Show full text]
  • Wavy-Rayed Lampmussel
    Species Status Assessment Class: Bivalvia Family: Unionidae Scientific Name: Lampsilis fasciola Common Name: Wavy-rayed lampmussel Species synopsis: Lampsilis fasciola belongs to the subfamily Ambleminae and the tribe Lampsilini, which includes 17 extant and 6 likely extirpated New York species of the genera Actinonaias, Epioblasma, Lampsilis, Leptodea, Ligumia, Obovaria, Potamilus, Ptychobranchus, Toxolasma, Truncilla, and Villosa (Haag, 2012; Graf and Cummings, 2011). L. fasciola is mainly found in and around riffle areas of clear, hydrologically stable, fast moving water (Watters et al., 2009). Since 1970, L. fasciola has been found in six New York waterbodies. Historically, it has been collected in the Erie, Western Lake Ontario, and Lower Genesee basins (Strayer & Jirka, 1997). L. fasciola no longer considered abundant in any New York location, however they are most commonly found in the Allegheny River and its tributaries (The Nature Conservancy, 2009). With a state rank of “critically imperiled,” L. fasciola is listed as threatened in New York State, although it is secure throughout its range (NatureServe, 2013). In North America, approximately ⅔ to ¾ of native mussel species are extinct, listed as endangered or threatened, or are in need of conservation status (Williams et al. 1993; Stein et al.2000). While population trends in New York are unknown, it is assumed that they too are declining, due to a myriad of environmental stressors. 1 Status a. Current and Legal Protected Status i. Federal ____ __ None_________________________________Candidate?
    [Show full text]
  • Web-ICE Aquatic Database Documentation
    OP-GED/BPRB/MB/2016-03-001 February 24, 2016 ICE Aquatic Toxicity Database Version 3.3 Documentation Prepared by: Sandy Raimondo, Crystal R. Lilavois, Morgan M. Willming and Mace G. Barron U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Gulf Ecology Division Gulf Breeze, Fl 32561 1 OP-GED/BPRB/MB/2016-03-001 February 24, 2016 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3 2 Data Sources ........................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 ECOTOX ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) ......................................................................... 4 2.3 Office of Pesticide Program (OPP) Ecotoxicity Database ................................................. 4 2.4 OPPT Premanufacture Notification (PMN) ...................................................................... 5 2.5 High Production Volume (HPV) ........................................................................................ 5 2.6 Mayer and Ellersieck 1986 ............................................................................................... 5 2.7 ORD ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Mollusks of the Middle Mississippi River
    Freshwater mollusks of the middle Mississippi River Jeremy Tiemann Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1816 South Oak Street Champaign, IL 61820 217-244-4594 [email protected] Prepared for Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Wildlife Preservation Fund Grant Agreement Number 13-031W Project duration: 31 July 2012 – 31 December 2013 Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report 2014 (03) 20 January 2014 Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign William Shilts, Executive Director Illinois Natural History Survey Brian D. Anderson, Director 1816 South Oak Street Champaign, IL 61820 217-333-6830 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - Freshwater mollusks of the middle Mississippi River Abstract ....................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..............................................................................................................2 Methods....................................................................................................................3 Results ......................................................................................................................3 Discussion ................................................................................................................4 Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................6 Literature cited .........................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 21 Number 1 April 2018
    FRESHWATER MOLLUSK BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION THE JOURNAL OF THE FRESHWATER MOLLUSK CONSERVATION SOCIETY VOLUME 21 NUMBER 1 APRIL 2018 Pages 1-18 Pages 19-27 Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionida) A Survey of the Freshwater Mussels of Vietnam: Diversity, Distribution, and (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionida) of the Conservation Status Niangua River Basin, Missouri Van Tu Do, Le Quang Tuan, and Stephen E. McMurray, Joshua T. Arthur E. Boga Hundley, and J. Scott Faiman Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation 21:1–18, 2018 Ó Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Society 2018 REGULAR ARTICLE FRESHWATER MUSSELS (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDA) OF VIETNAM: DIVERSITY, DISTRIBUTION, AND CONSERVATION STATUS Van Tu Do1, Le Quang Tuan1, and Arthur E. Bogan2* 1 Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam, [email protected]; [email protected] 2 North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, 11 West Jones Street, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA ABSTRACT Vietnam has the second highest diversity of freshwater mussels (Unionida) in Asia after China. The purpose of this paper is to compile an up-to-date list of the modern unionid fauna of Vietnam and its current conservation status. Unfortunately, there has been relatively little research on this fauna in Vietnam. Fifty-nine species of Unionida have been recorded from Vietnam based on literature, museum records, and our fieldwork. Fifty were assessed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List 2016 in the IUCN categories of Critically Endangered (four species, 6.8%), Endangered (seven species, 12%), Vulnerable (one species, 1.7%), Near Threatened (two species, 3.4%), Least Concern (23 species, 39%), Data Deficient (11 species, 18.6%), and Not Evaluated (11 species, 18.6%).
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Unionid Freshwater Mussels Depends on the Distribution of Host Fishes on a Regional Scale
    Diversity and Distributions, (Diversity Distrib.) (2012) 1–9 BIODIVERSITY Distribution of unionid freshwater RESEARCH mussels depends on the distribution of host fishes on a regional scale Astrid N. Schwalb1*, Todd J. Morris2, Nicholas E. Mandrak2 and Karl Cottenie3 1Department of Biology, University of ABSTRACT Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Aim The successful conservation of endangered mussel communities requires, Canada, 2Fisheries and Oceans Canada, in part, a thorough understanding of the processes that shape their distribu- Burlington, Ontario, L7R 4A6, Canada, 3Department of Integrative Biology, tion. Therefore, we tested the prediction that (1) the distribution of host University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G fishes explains a significant amount of variation in mussel community com- 2W1, Canada position. In addition, because mussel distribution also depends on spatial processes and environmental variables, we predicted that (2) the distribution and community composition of mussels in Ontario varies across eight con- tiguous watersheds, flowing into three different basins of the Great Lakes A Journal of Conservation Biogeography (Huron, St. Clair and Erie); and (3) environmental variables also explain part of the mussel distribution. Location Watersheds in south-western Ontario, North America, Great Lakes Region. Methods Existing data on the distribution of mussels and fishes, and environ- mental and spatial information were compiled. Variation partitioning with redundancy analysis was used to examine what proportion of the variation in mussels’ community composition was explained by watershed (as a spatial component), environmental differences and host fish presence. Redundancy analysis for mussel abundances was used to illustrate the similarities in the dis- tributions of mussels and fishes, and the association of differences in commu- nity composition of mussels among watersheds with certain mussel species and environmental variables.
    [Show full text]