The Fauna of Tell Aswad (Damascus, Syria), Early Neolithic Levels
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TOKENS Culture, Connections, Communities EDITED BY ANTONINO CRISÀ, MAIRI GKIKAKI and CLARE ROWAN ROYAL NUMISMATIC SOCIETY SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO. 57 LONDON 2019 © The authors Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication No. 57 ISBN 0 901405 35 3 All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopy- ing, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the authors. Typeset by New Leaf Design, Malton, Yorkshire Printed in Malta by Gutenberg Press Ltd, Tarxien, Malta CONTENTS 1 Introduction by ANTONINO CRISÀ, MAIRI GKIKAKI & CLARE ROWAN 1 2 The invention of tokens by DENISE SCHMANDT-BESSERAT 11 3 Some notes on Athenian bronze tokens and bronze coinage in the fifth and fourth centuries BC by KENNETH A. SHEEDY 19 4 Tokens inside and outside excavation contexts: seeking the origin. Examples of clay tokens from the collections of the Athens Numismatic Museum by STAMATOULA MAKRYPODI 27 5 The armour tokens from the Athenian Agora by MARTIN SCHÄFER 41 6 A rare clay token in context: a fortunate and recorded discovery from the necropolis of Tindari (Messina, 1896) by ANTONINO CRISÀ 63 7 Roman tesserae with numerals: some thoughts on iconography and purpose by ALEXA KÜTER 79 8 Lead token moulds from Rome and Ostia by CLARE ROWAN 95 9 Tokens of Antinous from the Roman province of Egypt by DENISE WILDING 111 10 Tokens in the Athenian Agora in the third century AD: Advertising prestige and civic identity in Roman Athens -
Integrative Attempts to Study Cattle Domestication: Biomechanical Archaeology of First and Second Phalanges As a Proxy for Decip
Integrative attempts to study cattle domestication: Biomechanical archaeology of first and second phalanges as a proxy for deciphering animal activity patterns in prehistoric time Kaveh Yousef Pouran∗y1, Maria Sa~naSegu´ı1, and Juan Anton Barcelo1 1Universitat Aut`onomade Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB) { UAB Campus 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona, Espagne R´esum´e Wild animals expend considerable amount of energy in foraging to satisfy requirements such as food and water, social interactions and finding shelter. In captivity, they depend on human and expended energy and time is much reduced. Knowing the behavioral aspects of wild-domestic evolution is necessary to comprehend domestication process. We present in this communication the results obtained with the application of biomechanical concepts to the study of bovine domestication processes. Considering the recent findings on the bone biomechanics, with the corporation of multi- body dynamics and locomotion simulation, this work is oriented to stablish morphological indicators differentiating domestication at the transitional stage based on behavioral changes experienced by captive or tamed animals. A series of mathematical algorithms are proposed for accessing the information enfolded in bone tissue. Load estimation algorithm, which is based on bone histomorphology, provides an opportunity to quantitatively examine activity level of animals. With the aim to obtain new data about cattle domestication in the Near East, a total of 112 cattle first and second phalanx recovered in tell Halula site (7700 cal BC to 5500 cal BC, Euphrates valley, Syria) has been selected and scanned. Scanned data were converted to .obj surface structure and surfaces then were optimized and 315 landmarks were selected and pinpointed on each specimen. -
(AMS) Dates for the Epipaleolithic Settlement at Abu Hureyra, Syria
Radiocarbon Accelerator (AMS) Dates for the Epipaleolithic Settlement at Abu Hureyra, Syria Item Type Article; text Authors Moore, A. M. T.; Gowlett, J. A. J.; Hedges, R. E. M.; Hillman, G. C.; Legge, A. J.; Rowley-Conwy, P. A. Citation Moore, A. M. T., Gowlett, J. A. J., Hedges, R. E. M., Hillman, G. C., Legge, A. J., & Rowley-Conwy, P. A. (1986). Radiocarbon accelerator (AMS) dates for the Epipaleolithic settlement at Abu Hureyra, Syria. Radiocarbon, 28(3), 1068-1076. DOI 10.1017/S0033822200020130 Publisher American Journal of Science Journal Radiocarbon Rights Copyright © The American Journal of Science Download date 01/10/2021 02:24:30 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/652764 [RADIOCARBON, Vol. 28, No, 3, 1986, P 1068-1076] RADIOCARBON ACCELERATOR (AMS) DATES FOR THE EPIPALEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT AT ABU HUREYRA, SYRIA A M T MOORE*, J A J GOWLETT**, R E M HEDGES**, G C HILLMAN-, A J LEGGED and P A ROWLEY-CONWY ABSTRACT. The prehistoric settlement of Abu Hureyra in Syria was occupied in both the Epipaleolithic and Neolithic periods. It has provided significant evidence for changes in econ- omy at the time of the inception of agriculture in southwest Asia. Twenty accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates have been obtained to determine the duration of occupation of the Epipaleolithic settlement there and the precise age of samples of cereal grains and animal bones found within it. The results have demonstrated that the AMS technique can answer such questions because it dates exceedingly small samples with high precision. -
00800721.Pdf
Land use changes and crop productivity in early agriculture: comparison with current conditions in the mid-Euphrates valley Ferrio J.P., Arab G., Bort J., Buxó R., Molist M., Voltas J., Araus J.L. in Karam F. (ed.), Karaa K. (ed.), Lamaddalena N. (ed.), Bogliotti C. (ed.). Harmonization and integration of water saving options. Convention and promotion of water saving policies and guidelines Bari : CIHEAM / EU DG Research Options Méditerranéennes : Série B. Etudes et Recherches; n. 59 2007 pages 167-174 Article available on line / Article disponible en ligne à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=800721 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To cite this article / Pour citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ferrio J.P., Arab G., Bort J., Buxó R., Molist M., Voltas J., Araus J.L. Land use changes and crop productivity in early agriculture: comparison with current conditions in the mid-Euphrates valley. In : Karam F. (ed.), Karaa K. (ed.), Lamaddalena N. (ed.), Bogliotti C. (ed.). Harmonization and integration of water saving options. Convention and promotion of water saving policies -
Ch. 4. NEOLITHIC PERIOD in JORDAN 25 4.1
Borsa di studio finanziata da: Ministero degli Affari Esteri di Italia Thanks all …………. I will be glad to give my theses with all my love to my father and mother, all my brothers for their helps since I came to Italy until I got this degree. I am glad because I am one of Dr. Ursula Thun Hohenstein students. I would like to thanks her to her help and support during my research. I would like to thanks Dr.. Maysoon AlNahar and the Museum of the University of Jordan stuff for their help during my work in Jordan. I would like to thank all of Prof. Perreto Carlo and Prof. Benedetto Sala, Dr. Arzarello Marta and all my professors in the University of Ferrara for their support and help during my Phd Research. During my study in Italy I met a lot of friends and specially my colleges in the University of Ferrara. I would like to thanks all for their help and support during these years. Finally I would like to thanks the Minister of Fournier of Italy, Embassy of Italy in Jordan and the University of Ferrara institute for higher studies (IUSS) to fund my PhD research. CONTENTS Ch. 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Ch. 2. AIMS OF THE RESEARCH 3 Ch. 3. NEOLITHIC PERIOD IN NEAR EAST 5 3.1. Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) in Near east 5 3.2. Pre-pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) in Near east 10 3.2.A. Early PPNB 10 3.2.B. Middle PPNB 13 3.2.C. Late PPNB 15 3.3. -
The Macrobotanical Evidence for Vegetation in the Near East, C. 18 000/16 000 B.C to 4 000 B.C
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons University of Pennsylvania Museum of University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology Papers Archaeology and Anthropology 1997 The Macrobotanical Evidence for Vegetation in the Near East, c. 18 000/16 000 B.C to 4 000 B.C. Naomi F. Miller University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/penn_museum_papers Part of the Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Miller, N. F. (1997). The Macrobotanical Evidence for Vegetation in the Near East, c. 18 000/16 000 B.C to 4 000 B.C.. Paléorient, 23 (2), 197-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/paleo.1997.4661 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/penn_museum_papers/36 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Macrobotanical Evidence for Vegetation in the Near East, c. 18 000/16 000 B.C to 4 000 B.C. Abstract Vegetation during the glacial period, post-glacial warming and the Younger Dryas does not seem to have been affected by human activities to any appreciable extent. Forest expansion at the beginning of the Holocene occurred independently of human agency, though early Neolithic farmers were able to take advantage of improved climatic conditions. Absence of macrobotanical remains precludes discussion of possible drought from 6,000 to 5,500 ВС. By farming, herding, and fuel-cutting, human populations began to have an impact on the landscape at different times and places. Deleterious effects of these activities became evident in the Tigris-Euphrates drainage during the third millennium ВС based on macrobotanical evidence from archaeological sites. -
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID Proceedings of the 5Th
Burying the Dead in Late Neolithic Syria Akkermans, P.M.M.G.; Cordoba, J.M.; Molist, M.; Perez, C.; Rubio, I.; Martinez, S. Citation Akkermans, P. M. M. G. (2006). Burying the Dead in Late Neolithic Syria. Proceedings Of The 5Th International Congress On The Archaeology Of The Ancient Near East, 621-645. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15850 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15850 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East Madrid, April 3-8 2006 Edited by Joaquín Mª Córdoba, Miquel Molist, Mª Carmen Pérez, Isabel Rubio, Sergio Martínez (Editores) Madrid, 3 a 8 de abril de 2006 Actas del V Congreso Internacional de Arqueología del Oriente Próximo Antiguo VOL. III Centro Superior de Estudios sobre el Oriente Próximo y Egipto Madrid 2008 Colección Actas © ISBN (OBRA COMPLETA): 978-84-8344-140-4 ISBN (VOL. III): 978-84-8344-147-3 Depósito legal: GU-129/2009 Realiza: Palop Producciones Gráficas. Impreso en España. Diseño de cubierta: M.A. Tejedor. 5th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East V Congreso Internacional de Arqueología del Oriente Próximo Antiguo Scientific Committee Scientific Steering Committee Comité Científico Organizador Comité Científico Permanente Joaquín Mª Córdoba Manfred Bietak Sergio Martínez Barthel Hrouda (honorary member) Miquel Molist Hartmut Kühne Mª Carmen Pérez Jean-Claude Margueron Isabel Rubio Wendy Matthews Paolo Matthiae Diederik Meijer Ingolf Thuesen Irene J. -
Networking in the Neolithic: Obsidian Sourcing at Abu Hureyra (N. Syria)
Networking in the Neolithic: Obsidian Sourcing at Abu Hureyra (N. Syria) Tristan Carter, Deanna Aubert, Kelly Brown, and Sean Doyle1 1 Department of Anthropology, McMaster University / McMaster Archaeological XRF Laboratory [MAX Lab] (4) Results (6) Discussion and Future Directions Using strontium (Sr), and zirconium (Zr) contents, four Abu Hureyra’s consumption of both eastern and central compositional groups are distinguished (Fig. 4). Anatolian obsidian forms part of a northern Levantine PPN - PN tradition. One group’s chemical signature matches that of Göllü Dağ obidibsidian from central AliAnatolia (n=60). The largest data-set Comparable assemblages are attested at Cheikh Hassan, (n=123), matches Bingöl B in eastern Anatolia (Fig. 1). El Kowm 2, Mureybet, Qdeir 1, and Tell Kosak Shamali inter alia (Chataigner 1998). 73 artefacts have the high Zr values, and green colour of peralkaline obsidian. Elemental ratios discriminate them Next we need to move from discussing the circulation into Bingöl A (n=26), and Nemrut Dağ (n=47). of raw materials per se, and to consider their specific forms of consumption. Five artefacts match the ‘Group 3d’sourceofRenfrewet al (1966); while the location is unknown, its distribution Fig. 1. Abu Hureyra & major Anatolian obsidian sources For example, using eastern Anatolian obsidians to make suggests an origin in eastern Anatolia, or Iran (Fig.5). ‘corner thinned blades’ (Fig 3, a & j), is a distinct N. Fig. 2. Trenches D & E: Study assemblages Fig. 5. Distribution of ‘Group 3d’ products (1) Introduction and Aims Levantine / Upper Mesopotamian practice (Fig. 7). 120 Sub-Period Phase Dates Cultural Phase It is this elucidation of such closely shared practices that Located on the Middle Euphrates in N. -
The Distribution of Obsidian in the Eastern Mediterranean As Indication of Early Seafaring Practices in the Area a Thesis B
The Distribution Of Obsidian In The Eastern Mediterranean As Indication Of Early Seafaring Practices In The Area A Thesis By Niki Chartzoulaki Maritime Archaeology Programme University of Southern Denmark MASTER OF ARTS November 2013 1 Στον Γιώργο 2 Acknowledgments This paper represents the official completion of a circle, I hope successfully, definitely constructively. The writing of a Master Thesis turned out that there is not an easy task at all. Right from the beginning with the effort to find the appropriate topic for your thesis until the completion stage and the time of delivery, you got to manage with multiple issues regarding the integrated presentation of your topic while all the time and until the last minute you are constantly wondering if you handled correctly and whether you should have done this or not to do it the other. So, I hope this Master this to fulfill the requirements of the topic as best as possible. I am grateful to my Supervisor Professor, Thijs Maarleveld who directed me and advised me during the writing of this Master Thesis. His help, his support and his invaluable insight throughout the entire process were valuable parameters for the completion of this paper. I would like to thank my Professor from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Nikolaos Efstratiou who help me to find this topic and for his general help. Also the Professor of University of Crete, Katerina Kopaka, who she willingly provide me with all of her publications –and those that were not yet have been published- regarding her research in the island of Gavdos. -
Halaf Settlement in the Iraqi Kurdistan: the Shahrizor Survey Project
The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions Access Open Edited by Konstantinos Kopanias and John MacGinnis Archaeopress Archaeopress Archaeology Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78491 393 9 ISBN 978 1 78491 394 6 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Access Cover illustration: Erbil Citadel, photo Jack Pascal Open All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Archaeopress Printed in England by Holywell Press, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Contents List of Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................iv Authors’ details ..................................................................................................................................... xii Preface ................................................................................................................................................. xvii Archaeological investigations on the Citadel of Erbil: Background, Framework and Results.............. 1 Dara Al Yaqoobi, Abdullah Khorsheed Khader, Sangar Mohammed, Saber Hassan Hussein, Mary Shepperson and John MacGinnis The site -
Animal Resource Exploitation at Tell Qarassa North, an Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Village in Southern Syria
Animal resource exploitation at Tell Qarassa North, an Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B village in southern Syria Lionel Gourichon∗1, Daniel Helmer2, Carlos Tornero3, and Juan Jos´eIb´a~nez4 1Culture et Environnements, Pr´ehistoire,Antiquit´e,Moyen-Age { Universit´eNice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), CNRS : UMR7264, INEE, INSHS { France 2ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et soci´et´esde lOrient´ ancien { Universit´eLumi`ere- Lyon 2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR5133 { France 3Institut Catal`ade Paleoecologia Humana i Evoluci´oSocial (IPHES), Universitat Rovira i Virgili { C. Marcel·l´ıDomingo s/n, Campus Sescelades URV (Edifici W3), 43007 Tarragona, Spain, Spain 4Instituci´oMil`ai Fontanals, CSIC, Barcelona { Spain Abstract Located near the Jabal al-Arab (southern Syria), Tell Qarassa North has yielded Neolithic occupation phases dated to the middle and the second half of the ninth millennium BC and corresponding to the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B and the Early/ Middle PPNB transition. This period is of great importance for understanding the economic and social changes that occurred during the emergence of farming since morphologically domesticated plants and animals are first attested at that time in the Levant and northern Mesopotamia. In this paper we present the main results of the study of the faunal assemblages from the area XYZ. More than 15 taxa have been identified where goats (Capra format aegagrus) composed the main part, followed by gazelles, boar, aurochs, carnivores, hares, various bird species and spur- thighed tortoises. Hunting activities around the nearby lake and in the surrounding steppe and rocky landscapes seem to have play a significant role in the subsistence of the village community. -
A Household Perspective Towards the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Late Neolithic Cultural Transformation in the Southern Levant
A Household Perspective A Household Perspective towards the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Late Neolithic Cultural Transformation in the Southern Levant Seiji KADOWAKI* Besides the economic transition from foraging to agriculture, researchers of the southern Levantine Neolithic have investigated the issue of cultural transformation from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPN) to Late Neolithic (LN) period. This archaeological phenomenon, formerly explained as hiatus palestinien, is currently understood as a structured cultural change involving reorganizations in settlement systems, subsistence activities, tool-production technology, social organization, and ritual practices. Causes for these changes have been sought in several factors, including climatic shift, environmental deterioration, increasing reliance of farming, population increase, social crowding, and the decline of communal rituals. This paper proposes a household perspective on this issue to effectively interlink ecological and social factors. To this end, the paper first reviews current understanding of PPNB households and then examines archaeological records indicative of household size, household activities, and the social relationship among households. In this discussion, archaeological data are interpreted by drawing on the anthropologically expected relationship between household size and the degree of economic interdependence among households, i.e., communal or autonomous performance of production and consumption activities. As a result, I suggest that the increase in household size during the Late PPNB and LN, as indicated by multicellular, two-story houses and courtyard buildings, was caused by the increasing autonomy of households in the performance of production and consumption activities since the Middle PPNB. The latter process is explicable as a response to the reduced opportunities for forming communal works due to diversified subsistence activities and conflicting labour scheduling among households.