Export of a Checklist of the Terrestrial Arthropods of Alaska
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ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES and PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS of SHRUB EXPANSION in WESTERN ALASKA by Molly Tankersley Mcdermott, B.A./B.S
Arthropod communities and passerine diet: effects of shrub expansion in Western Alaska Item Type Thesis Authors McDermott, Molly Tankersley Download date 26/09/2021 06:13:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/7893 ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES AND PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS OF SHRUB EXPANSION IN WESTERN ALASKA By Molly Tankersley McDermott, B.A./B.S. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks August 2017 APPROVED: Pat Doak, Committee Chair Greg Breed, Committee Member Colleen Handel, Committee Member Christa Mulder, Committee Member Kris Hundertmark, Chair Department o f Biology and Wildlife Paul Layer, Dean College o f Natural Science and Mathematics Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School ABSTRACT Across the Arctic, taller woody shrubs, particularly willow (Salix spp.), birch (Betula spp.), and alder (Alnus spp.), have been expanding rapidly onto tundra. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat structure, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, which play an important role in the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems. Not only do they provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling, they are an essential food source for migratory birds. In this study I examined the relationships between the abundance, diversity, and community composition of arthropods and the height and cover of several shrub species across a tundra-shrub gradient in northwestern Alaska. To characterize nestling diet of common passerines that occupy this gradient, I used next-generation sequencing of fecal matter. Willow cover was strongly and consistently associated with abundance and biomass of arthropods and significant shifts in arthropod community composition and diversity. -
Comparison of Sporormiella Dung Fungal Spores and Oribatid Mites As Indicators of Large Herbivore Presence: Evidence from the Cuzco Region of Peru
Comparison of Sporormiella dung fungal spores and oribatid mites as indicators of large herbivore presence: evidence from the Cuzco region of Peru Article (Accepted Version) Chepstow-Lusty, Alexander, Frogley, Michael and Baker, Anne (2019) Comparison of Sporormiella dung fungal spores and oribatid mites as indicators of large herbivore presence: evidence from the Cuzco region of Peru. Journal of Archaeological Science. ISSN 0305-4403 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/80870/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse: Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University. Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. -
Untangling Taxonomy: a DNA Barcode Reference Library for Canadian Spiders
Molecular Ecology Resources (2016) 16, 325–341 doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12444 Untangling taxonomy: a DNA barcode reference library for Canadian spiders GERGIN A. BLAGOEV, JEREMY R. DEWAARD, SUJEEVAN RATNASINGHAM, STEPHANIE L. DEWAARD, LIUQIONG LU, JAMES ROBERTSON, ANGELA C. TELFER and PAUL D. N. HEBERT Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada Abstract Approximately 1460 species of spiders have been reported from Canada, 3% of the global fauna. This study provides a DNA barcode reference library for 1018 of these species based upon the analysis of more than 30 000 specimens. The sequence results show a clear barcode gap in most cases with a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.78% vs. a min- imum nearest-neighbour (NN) distance averaging 7.85%. The sequences were assigned to 1359 Barcode index num- bers (BINs) with 1344 of these BINs composed of specimens belonging to a single currently recognized species. There was a perfect correspondence between BIN membership and a known species in 795 cases, while another 197 species were assigned to two or more BINs (556 in total). A few other species (26) were involved in BIN merges or in a combination of merges and splits. There was only a weak relationship between the number of specimens analysed for a species and its BIN count. However, three species were clear outliers with their specimens being placed in 11– 22 BINs. Although all BIN splits need further study to clarify the taxonomic status of the entities involved, DNA bar- codes discriminated 98% of the 1018 species. The present survey conservatively revealed 16 species new to science, 52 species new to Canada and major range extensions for 426 species. -
Trampling, Litter Removal, and Variations in the Composition And
Zoological Studies 48(2): 162-173 (2009) Trampling, Litter Removal, and Variations in the Composition and Relative Abundance of Soil Arthropods in a Subtropical Hardwood Forest Ya-Fu Lee1,2, Yen-Min Kuo1,2, Sheng-Shan Lu2, Duen-Yuh Chen1, Hao-Jiang Jean1, and Jung-Tai Chao2,* 1Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2Division of Forest Protection, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Taipei 100, Taiwan (Accepted July 8, 2008) Ya-Fu Lee, Yen-Min Kuo, Sheng-Shan Lu, Duen-Yuh Chen, Hao-Jiang Jean, and Jung-Tai Chao (2009) Trampling, litter removal, and variations in the composition and relative abundance of soil arthropods in a subtropical hardwood forest. Zoological Studies 48(2): 162-173. Relationships of human trampling and litter removal with physicochemical properties and arthropod diversity of forest soils were studied in a secondary hardwood forest in northern Taiwan. In 4 sampling sessions, 360 soil cores were extracted from 24 randomly chosen replicate plots, representing soil samples from (1) densely vegetated areas, (2) bare trails as a result of non-mechanical trampling, and (3) ground underneath nylon-mesh litter traps set up on trails. We collected 7 classes and at least 17 orders of arthropods, with an estimated mean density of 13,982 ind./m2. The Collembola and Acari were the most common groups. The former dominated in abundance, comprising 8 families (2.5 ± 0.1 per core), followed by the Acari (e.g., oribatids) with at least 37 families (2.2 ± 0.1 per core). The density and number of taxa of arthropod overall, as well as the density and number of families of springtails and oribatids in particular, were highest in soil samples from vegetated areas. -
Higher-Level Phylogenetics of Linyphiid Spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence
Cladistics Cladistics 25 (2009) 231–262 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00249.x Higher-level phylogenetics of linyphiid spiders (Araneae, Linyphiidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence Miquel A. Arnedoa,*, Gustavo Hormigab and Nikolaj Scharff c aDepartament Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, E-8028 Barcelona, Spain; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; cDepartment of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Accepted 19 November 2008 Abstract This study infers the higher-level cladistic relationships of linyphiid spiders from five genes (mitochondrial CO1, 16S; nuclear 28S, 18S, histone H3) and morphological data. In total, the character matrix includes 47 taxa: 35 linyphiids representing the currently used subfamilies of Linyphiidae (Stemonyphantinae, Mynogleninae, Erigoninae, and Linyphiinae (Micronetini plus Linyphiini)) and 12 outgroup species representing nine araneoid families (Pimoidae, Theridiidae, Nesticidae, Synotaxidae, Cyatholipidae, Mysmenidae, Theridiosomatidae, Tetragnathidae, and Araneidae). The morphological characters include those used in recent studies of linyphiid phylogenetics, covering both genitalic and somatic morphology. Different sequence alignments and analytical methods produce different cladistic hypotheses. Lack of congruence among different analyses is, in part, due to the shifting placement of Labulla, Pityohyphantes, -
01003413845.Pdf
САНКТПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫ Й УНИВЕРСИТЕТ На правах рукописи МАРУСИК Юрий Михайлович ПАУКИ (ARACHNIDA: ARANEI) АЗИАТСКОЙ ЧАСТИ РОССИИ: ТАКСОНОМИЯ, ФАУНА, ЗООГЕОГРАФИЯ 03.00.09 энтомологи я Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой cTeifpJ| j доктора биологических наук ООЗОВ6Э25 СанктПетербург 2007 Работа выполнена в Лаборатории биоценологии Института биологических про блем Севера СВНЦ ДВО РАН Официальные оппоненты доктор биологических наук, профессор Эмили я Петровна Нарчук доктор биологических наук Серге й Ильич Головач доктор биологических наук Никит а Юлиевич Клюге Ведущее учреждение Пермски й государственный университет Защита состоитс я п HO^^pJL^ 200 7 г в 1 6 ч н а заседании Диссертацион ного совета Д.212 232 08 по ищите диссертаций н а соискание ученой степени доктора биологически х нау к пр и СанктПетербургско м государственно м уни верситете по адресу 199034 , СанктПетербург, Университетская наб, 7/9, ауд 133 Те л (812)328085 2 Emai l sesm@as825 8 spb edu, s_sukhareva@mail ru С диссертацией можно ознакомиться в библиотеке им А М Горьког о Санкт Петербургского государственного университета Автореферат разослан " ТО т т 200 7 года Ученый секретарь диссертационного совета, кандидат биологических наук С И Сухарев а 3 ОБЩАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РАБОТЫ Актуальность исследовани я Пауки (Aranei) — шестой по величине отряд животных В настоящее время известно окол о 4000 0 рецентны х видо в (Platmck , 2007 ) и более тысяч и иско паемых (Wunderlich, 2004) П о оценочным данным, реально е разнообразие со ставляет, п о меньше -
Spiders (Araneae) of Churchill, Manitoba: DNA Barcodes And
Blagoev et al. BMC Ecology 2013, 13:44 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6785/13/44 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Spiders (Araneae) of Churchill, Manitoba: DNA barcodes and morphology reveal high species diversity and new Canadian records Gergin A Blagoev1*, Nadya I Nikolova1, Crystal N Sobel1, Paul DN Hebert1,2 and Sarah J Adamowicz1,2 Abstract Background: Arctic ecosystems, especially those near transition zones, are expected to be strongly impacted by climate change. Because it is positioned on the ecotone between tundra and boreal forest, the Churchill area is a strategic locality for the analysis of shifts in faunal composition. This fact has motivated the effort to develop a comprehensive biodiversity inventory for the Churchill region by coupling DNA barcoding with morphological studies. The present study represents one element of this effort; it focuses on analysis of the spider fauna at Churchill. Results: 198 species were detected among 2704 spiders analyzed, tripling the count for the Churchill region. Estimates of overall diversity suggest that another 10–20 species await detection. Most species displayed little intraspecific sequence variation (maximum <1%) in the barcode region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, but four species showed considerably higher values (maximum = 4.1-6.2%), suggesting cryptic species. All recognized species possessed a distinct haplotype array at COI with nearest-neighbour interspecific distances averaging 8.57%. Three species new to Canada were detected: Robertus lyrifer (Theridiidae), Baryphyma trifrons (Linyphiidae), and Satilatlas monticola (Linyphiidae). The first two species may represent human-mediated introductions linked to the port in Churchill, but the other species represents a range extension from the USA. -
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Acari: Oribatida)
third supplement to the checklist of moss mites of the netherlands (acari: oribatida) Henk Siepel Moss mites live predominantly in the soil, although some species live in fresh water or on the bark of trees. In 2009 the first critical checklist to the Oribatida was published, containing 318 species. Since then the list has grown considerably and in this paper another 13 species are added. This brings the total number of species for the Netherlands to 351. As there are several habitats, like exposed soils, moss on trees and thatched roofs, which have not been studied extensively, more new species for the country are to be expected. introduction Forest and Nature research (ibn) and Alterra Since the current checklist of moss mites of the (now Wageningen Environmental Research). Netherlands has been published (Siepel et al. Oribatida s.s. form the major group of species in 200, with supplements in Siepel & Dimmers the mite order Sarcoptiformes. Recently, Astig- 2010 and Siepel et al. 2012) new species have been matina have been grouped into the Oribatida as a discovered in recent samples on various locations new cohort (Krantz & Walter 200). Siepel et al. in the Netherlands. Also some older records (2016) published a first provisional checklist for popped up from stored slides with samples of this cohort for the Netherlands. Where Astigmatina former projects of the former Research Institute cover a very wide range of habitats ranging from for Nature Management (rin), dlo-Institute for free living mites along the seashore and in wet Figure 1. Liochthonius neglectus ♀, lateral. Putten, Figure 2. -
Acari: Oribatida) of Canada and Alaska
Zootaxa 4666 (1): 001–180 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4666.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BA01E30E-7F64-49AB-910A-7EE6E597A4A4 ZOOTAXA 4666 Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Canada and Alaska VALERIE M. BEHAN-PELLETIER1,3 & ZOË LINDO1 1Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A0C6, Canada. 2Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by T. Pfingstl: 26 Jul. 2019; published: 6 Sept. 2019 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 VALERIE M. BEHAN-PELLETIER & ZOË LINDO Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Canada and Alaska (Zootaxa 4666) 180 pp.; 30 cm. 6 Sept. 2019 ISBN 978-1-77670-761-4 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77670-762-1 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2019 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] https://www.mapress.com/j/zt © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 4666 (1) © 2019 Magnolia Press BEHAN-PELLETIER & LINDO Table of Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................4 Introduction ................................................................................................5 -
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 a Revised Checklist of the Spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection Criteria and Lists
196 Arachnology (2019)18 (3), 196–212 A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain Methods and Ireland Selection criteria and lists Alastair Lavery The checklist has two main sections; List A contains all Burach, Carnbo, species proved or suspected to be established and List B Kinross, KY13 0NX species recorded only in specific circumstances. email: [email protected] The criterion for inclusion in list A is evidence that self- sustaining populations of the species are established within Great Britain and Ireland. This is taken to include records Abstract from the same site over a number of years or from a number A revised checklist of spider species found in Great Britain and of sites. Species not recorded after 1919, one hundred years Ireland is presented together with their national distributions, before the publication of this list, are not included, though national and international conservation statuses and syn- this has not been applied strictly for Irish species because of onymies. The list allows users to access the sources most often substantially lower recording levels. used in studying spiders on the archipelago. The list does not differentiate between species naturally Keywords: Araneae • Europe occurring and those that have established with human assis- tance; in practice this can be very difficult to determine. Introduction List A: species established in natural or semi-natural A checklist can have multiple purposes. Its primary pur- habitats pose is to provide an up-to-date list of the species found in the geographical area and, as in this case, to major divisions The main species list, List A1, includes all species found within that area. -
A New Species of Dactylopisthes Simon, 1884 from Thailand (Araneae, Linyphiidae)
Revue suisse de Zoologie (September 2018) 125(2): 217-219 ISSN 0035-418 A new species of Dactylopisthes Simon, 1884 from Thailand (Araneae, Linyphiidae) Andrei V. Tanasevitch A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospekt 33, Moscow 119071, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: A new spider species, Dactylopisthes marginalis sp. nov., is described from Thailand on the basis of a single male. The species seems to be most similar to the East Palaearctic - West Nearctic D. video (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1947), but clearly differs by its unmodifi ed carapace and by a few details of the palp. Keywords: Erigoninae - Oriental Region - Southeast Asia - new species. INTRODUCTION DSA distal suprategular apophysis E embolus The erigonine genus Dactylopisthes Simon, 1884 LP lateral process of DSA comprises eight species (World Spider Catalog, 2018), MM median membrane seven of which are restricted to different parts of the PP proximal process of DSA Palaearctic and one species, D. video (Chamberlin & RA radical apophysis Ivie, 1947), which occurs in the East Palaearctic and in Su suprategulum the West Nearctic. Ti tibia The description of a new species of Dactylopisthes from TmI position of trichobothrium on metatarsus I Thailand is the subject of the current paper. TAXONOMY MATERIAL AND METHODS Dactylopisthes marginalis sp. nov. This paper is based on a spider specimen collected in Figs 1-7 Thailand and kept at the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève, Switzerland (MHNG). The corresponding sam- Holotype: MHNG; male; THAILAND, Kanchanaburi ple number is given in square brackets. The specimen Province, Sai Yok National Park, near park headquar- preserved in 70% ethanol was studied using a MBS-9 ters, 120 m a.s.l.; 14.XI.2000; leg.