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(Renew), Nicola Danti (Deutsche Fassung) Anfrage zur schriftlichen Beantwortung E-003613/20 an die Kommission Sandro Gozi (Renew), Nicola Danti (Renew), Svenja Hahn (Renew), Marie-Pierre Vedrenne (Renew), Jordi Cañas (Renew), Susana Solís Pérez (Renew), Adrián Vázquez Lázara (Renew), Viktor Uspaskich (Renew) (16. Juni 2020) Betrifft: Mutmaßliche illegale Finanzierung durch die venezolanische Regierung Die spanische Zeitung ABC hat aufgedeckt, dass die italienische Partei MoVimento 5 Stelle mutmaßlich illegale Gelder von der venezolanischen Regierung bezogen hat. Tatsächlich geht aus Dokumenten, die von der Generaldirektion für den militärischen Nachrichtendienst Venezuelas als geheim eingestuft wurden und zu denen ABC Zugang hatte, hervor, dass Hugo Chávez 2010 die Erlaubnis erteilt hat, einen Koffer mit 3,5 Mio. EUR an das venezolanische Konsulat in Mailand zu senden, mit denen die Partei MoVimento 5 Stelle finanziert wurde. Der derzeitige umstrittene Präsident der Bolivarischen Republik Venezuela, Nicolás Maduro, war damals Außenminister Venezuelas. Eine externe politische Einflussnahme in demokratische Prozesse gefährdet die geostrategische und politische Unabhängigkeit der EU, und vor allen wichtigen Wahlen auf einzelstaatlicher und europäischer Ebene treten ununterbrochen Beweise für diese Einflussnahme zu Tage, häufig mit Hinweisen auf externe Einflüsse. Daher hat das Parlament einen Sonderausschuss eingerichtet, der die Angelegenheit untersuchen soll. Welche Maßnahmen plant die Kommission, um die Überwachung und Bekämpfung einer externen Einflussnahme auf Wahlkampagnen in Europa — insbesondere durch eine Finanzierung aus dem Ausland — zu verstärken? Anfrage zur schriftlichen Beantwortung E-003637/20 Carlo Fidanza (ECR), Raffaele Fitto (ECR), Nicola Procaccini (ECR), Raffaele Stancanelli (ECR), Sergio Berlato (ECR), Pietro Fiocchi (ECR) (17. Juni 2020) [Verfügbare Sprachfassungen: IT, EN] Gemeinsame Antwort von Vizepräsidentin Jourová im Namen der Europäischen Kommission (25. August 2020) Die europäischen Organe haben im Vorfeld der Europawahlen vom Mai 2019 intensive, koordinierte Maßnahmen zum Schutz der Demokratie und zur Abwehr einer Einmischung von außen ergriffen. So enthielt das Wahlpaket der Kommission vom September 2018 (1) Empfehlungen für eine Stärkung der Transparenz bezüglich der Quellen und der Höhe der Wahlkampffinanzierung in Europawahl-Kampagnen. Gleichzeitig wurde angeregt, diese Grundsätze auch bei anderen Wahlen und Referenden auf nationaler Ebene zu fördern. Zudem wurde ein gemeinsamer Aktionsplan gegen Desinformation angenommen (2). Die Kommission hat vor Kurzem über die Europawahl vom Mai 2019 Bericht erstattet (3). In diesem Bericht wurden keine versteckten, koordinierten groß angelegten Versuche zur Einmischung in die Wahlen festgestellt, auch wenn einzelne Zwischenfälle gemeldet wurden. Was die Finanzierung europäischer politischer Parteien betrifft, so verbietet die Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1141/2014 Spenden verschiedener Akteure aus Drittländern (4) und legt Regeln für die Überwachung und Durchsetzung dieser Vorschriften fest. Wie in ihrem Arbeitsprogramm für 2020 angekündigt, wird die Kommission im Jahr 2020 einen Europäischen Aktionsplan für Demokratie vorlegen, um die Resilienz unserer Demokratien zu stärken und eine mögliche Einflussnahme von außen bei den Europawahlen zu verhindern. Im Anschluss daran werden Legislativvorschläge mit klareren Vorschriften für die Finanzierung europäischer politischer Parteien vorgelegt. Die Kommission verfügt Jedoch nicht über eine allgemeine Zuständigkeit für Wahlfragen, d. h. sie kann keine Vorschriften für die Finanzierung nationaler politischer Parteien verabschieden. Unter Beachtung bestimmter Grundprinzipien, wie sie in den Artikeln 2 und 14 des Vertrags über die Europäische Union niedergelegt sind, liegt es in der Zuständigkeit und Verantwortung der Mitgliedstaaten, die spezifischen Bedingungen für die Finanzierung nationaler politischer Parteien festzulegen, während die zuständigen nationalen Verwaltungs‐ und Justizbehörden für die Einhaltung des geltenden Rechts und der einschlägigen Normen zu sorgen haben. |(⋅1∙|) https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/de/IP_18_5681. |(⋅2∙|) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52018JC0036&from=DE |(⋅3∙|) Einschließlich Einzelheiten zum Wahlverlauf und zur Umsetzung des Wahlpakets: https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/com_2020_252_en_0.pdf |(⋅4∙|) Dazu gehören öffentliche Behörden, Einzelpersonen und private Einrichtungen. Siehe Artikel 20 der Verordnung (EU, Euratom) Nr. 1141/2014: https://eur- lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014R1141-20190327 .
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