Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires

This is a sample copy downloaded from our website. To order printed copies of this manual, follow instructions on page 8. Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires

P-Metric and European Metric LT Metric, LT High Flotation/Wide Base, and Numeric (through Load Range “E”)

CONTENTS Purpose ...... 2 For Your Information...... 2 The Sidewall Story Vehicle Tire Placard Examples Replacement Guidelines...... 3 - 7 What Tire Is Right for the Vehicle ...... 3 Tire Size, Inflation & Load...... 3 Tire Mixing...... 4 Replacing Less Than Four Tires...... 4 Tire Rim/Wheel Selection...... 5 Tire, Vehicle Clearance & Tire Diameter ...... 5 Tire Mounting ...... 6 Plus Sizing ...... 6 Important Considerations...... 7 Endnotes ...... 8

SUPPLEMENT ...... Attached Supplement Includes: Approved Rim Widths, LT Load/Inflation Tables, Obsolete data tables PPuurrppoossee The purpose of this manual and its supplement is to provide industry recommended guidelines and important safety information when IMPORTANT replacing tires for light vehicles*. Please note that while this manu- Before replacing tires, ALWAYS al is intended to outline general guidelines and considerations for tire refer to and follow the vehicle replacement, it is not all-inclusive. Questions pertaining to specific manufacturer's replacement tire products and/or vehicle fitments should be addressed to the vehicle restrictions and recommendations. manufacturer, tire manufacturer, or tire dealer. Because technology and tire specifications change over time, be sure to visit the RMA web site periodically for current information www.rma.org. FFoorr YYoouurr IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn The Sidewall Story Vehicle Tire Placard Examples Tires have very useful information molded into the sidewall. It shows the name of the tire, its size, whether it is tubeless or tube type, the maximum load and maximum inflation, important safety warnings and other information. Typical Passenger Tire

Below are layouts for new vehicle tire placards as illustrated in 49 CFR Part 571.110 S4.3. The new placards will be phased-in beginning September 1, 2005.

Typical Light Truck Tire

* As defined by 49 CFR Part 571.139, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS 139), light vehicles are motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lbs. or less. Tire sizes for light vehicles include all passenger car tires and light truck tire sizes (through Load Range E).

2 RReeppllaacceemmeenntt GGuuiiddeelliinneess WHAT TIRE IS RIGHT FOR THE VEHICLE to or greater than what is specified by the vehicle manufacturer if the speed capability of the vehicle is to be maintained. When tires need to be replaced, do not guess what tire is (Also see “Tire Mixing” on p. 4, and “Important Considerations” on p. 7.) right for your vehicle. For the answer first look at the vehicle tire placard, which is usually located on the vehicle door edge, door LIGHT TRUCK TIRE REPLACEMENT post, glove box or fuel door (or check the vehicle owner’s man- In addition to the considerations already stated, also be sure ual). The vehicle tire placard tells you the size of the tires, to take into account the following items relative to light truck (LT) including the spare, that were installed on the vehicle as original tire replacement. equipment (“OE”). It also includes the recommended cold infla- Tires should only be mounted on approved rim widths. tion pressures for the tires on the front/rear axles and for the (See "Tire Rim/Wheel Selection" on p. 5 and the Supplement) spare tire. It may also include seating capacity and combined If changing tire sizes, check to make sure the rim/wheel weight of occupants and cargo. If your vehicle does not have a has adequate load and inflation pressure capacity. For vehicle tire placard, check your owner's manual or consult with rims/wheels not so identified or for service conditions the vehicle manufacturer, tire manufacturer, or a tire dealer. exceeding the rated capacities, consult the rim/wheel manufacturer to determine the rim/wheel capabilities. IMPORTANT Body and chassis clearance must be checked on the vehicle's front and rear axles. (See "Tire, Vehicle Clearance and Tire ALWAYS check the vehicle manufacturer's recom- Diameter" on p. 5) mendations for the OE tire size, load capacity, infla- Proper spacing between duals (minimum dual spacing) is tion pressure, and speed rating information before necessary for optimum tire performance. Consult tire or vehi- replacing a tire with a different size and construction. cle manufacturers' literature for recommendations. If chains It is not always possible to select the same tire size are used, particular care must be taken to assure adequate clearance between loaded tires to avoid damage from for a replacement tire. NEVER choose a smaller chains. Allowable outside diameter differences between a size, with less load carrying capacity than the speci- tire and its dual mate is 1/4" for light truck tires. fied size on the vehicle tire placard. For tube type tires, be sure to use approved tubes/flaps/valves for the replacement tire. When used in radial tires, radial tubes and radial flaps are required. TIRE SIZE, INFLATION & LOAD REPLACING O.E. PASSENGER TIRES WITH LT TIRES TIRE REPLACEMENTS Some vehicles, such as sport utility vehicles, vans, and pick- Replacement tires should be the same as the OE size des- up trucks, have passenger tires installed as original equipment. ignation -- or approved options -- as recommended by the vehi- As previously stated, it is preferred that replacement tires should cle or tire manufacturer. Never choose a replacement tire of a be the same OE size designation -- or approved options -- as rec- smaller tire size with less load carrying capacity than the OE ommended by the vehicle or tire manufacturer. However, in tire size at the specified vehicle placard pressure. Under cer- some cases, the OE passenger tires on these types of vehicles tain circumstances, a vehicle manufacturer may recommend or can be replaced with light truck tires, which are tires marked with permit a specific substitute tire size, inflation pressure, maxi- an "LT" designation on the sidewall. LT tires for light vehicles, mum speed, maximum load, etc. It is recommended that all which are vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (“GVWR”) four tires be of the same size, speed rating, and construction of 10,000 lbs. or less, include load ranges "B", "C", "D" and "E". (radial, non-radial). In some cases, the vehicle manufacturer may specifically advise against the application of replacement IMPORTANT tires that are not the original size. In other cases, the vehicle Unless otherwise specified by the vehicle manu- manufacturer may require different sized tires for either the facturer, it is not recommended to replace OE LT- front or rear axles. (Also see “Tire Mixing” on p. 4, and “Important metric, High Flotation/Wide Base, or Numeric tires Considerations” on p. 7.) Always check and follow the recommendations in the vehicle owner's manual. with P-metric (e.g. P205/60R15) or European metric tires (e.g. 205/60R15). Please note that European Replacement tires must have: Metric tires do not have a "P" in the size designation. Inflation pressure capability equal to or greater than the operating inflation pressure specified on the vehicle tire placard. When determining the proper tire inflation pressure set- If you replace passenger car tires with light truck tires, tings for substitute tires, never exceed the maximum pres- replacement tires will require a significant inflation pressure sure listed on the sidewall of the tires. adjustment in order to carry the same load as the original Carefully note any differences between recommendations equipment size. Passenger tire load carrying capacity must be for front and rear axle positions regarding the tire size reduced by dividing by 1.10 for LT applications. For example: and/or inflation pressure. P235/75R15 which has a maximum load capacity for passen- Load-carrying capacity must be equal to or greater than the ger vehicle application = 2028 lbs. For a light truck application, using the formula, the maximum load capacity would be 2028 load carrying capacity of the OE tire size at the specified vehicle ÷ placard pressure. 1.10 = 1844 lbs. (Also see “Important Considerations” on p. 7 and Speed rating (such as “S”, “T”, “U”, “H”, “V”, “Z”, etc.) must be equal attached Supplement for LT load/inflation tables.)

3 RMA REPLACEMENT GUIDELINES FOR PASSENGER AND LIGHT TRUCK TIRES

NOTE: When replacing passenger OE tires with LT tires, If winter/snow tires are installed on the rear axle of any check with the vehicle manufacturer to be sure the rim/wheel is vehicle, it is recommended (but not required) that they also appropriate for the required higher inflation pressures. Check be installed on the front axle. rim widths and rim load/inflation capacity; check body and chas- Studded Winter/Snow tires2, 3 - Studded winter/snow tires2, 3 sis clearance. Purchase of new rims/wheels may be required. have higher traction qualities under most winter weather conditions. In addition to the important considerations listed above, be If studded winter/snow tires are installed on the front axle of sure to consult with vehicle manufacturer, tire manufacturer, any vehicle, studded winter/snow tires must also be installed and/or a professional tire dealer for the appropriate replacement on the rear axle. DO NOT apply studded winter/snow tires size, adjusted inflation pressure, and load rating for your vehicle. only to the front axle. WARNING! Installing only two studded winter/snow tires on the front axle of any vehicle (includ- TIRE MIXING ing front-wheel-drive vehicles) without studded winter/snow tires on the rear axle, can cause adverse vehicle handling It is recommended that all four tires be of the same size, characteristics. This may result in loss of vehicle control, speed rating, and construction (radial, non-radial). In some which could cause serious injury or death. cases the vehicle manufacturer may require different sized If studded winter/snow tires are installed on the rear axle tires for either the front or rear axles. NEVER mix P-Metric or of any vehicle, it is strongly recommended that they European Metric passenger tires with light truck sized tires on should also be installed on the front axle. Only if studded the same vehicle. winter/snow tires are installed on all wheel positions of a Match tire size designations in pairs on an axle, except for vehicle will optimum handling characteristics be achieved. temporary use of a spare tire. If two radial tires and two non-radial tires are used on a vehi- REPLACING LESS THAN FOUR TIRES cle, put radials on the rear axle. If radial and non-radial tires are used on a vehicle equipped with dual rear tires, the radi- IMPORTANT al tires may be used on either axle. In some cases, the vehicle manufacturer may Speed rated tires1, 4 - If the vehicle tire placard and/or specifically advise against replacing less than all owner's manual specifies speed rated tires, the replacement four tires. Always check and follow the recom- tires must have the same or higher speed rating to maintain vehicle speed capability. mendations in the vehicle owner’s manual. For If replacement tires have lower speed capability than spec- 4WD and AWD vechicles, even small differences ified by the vehicle manufacturer, the vehicle's speed must in outside diameter may cause drive-train damage be restricted to that of the replacement tire. Also, vehicle or mechanical malfunction. handling could be affected. Consult vehicle manufacturer or tire manufacturer for recommendations. When replacing tires on a vehicle, it is recommended and pre- With the exception of winter/snow tires (see below), if tires ferred that all four tires be replaced at the same time for continued with different speed ratings are used, it is recommended that optimal vehicle performance. However, for those cases where this is lower speed rated tires should always be placed on the front not feasible, below are some general guidelines to consider when axle. This is to prevent a potential oversteer condition. replacing less than four tires for a light vehicle, whether it is one or two Four-wheel drive (4WD) and All-wheel drive (AWD) tires. (Also see “Tire Mixing” at left.) If the vehicle manufacturer has vehicles - If no instructions for tire mixing appear in the vehi- alternate recommendations, always follow their recommendations. cle owner's manual, follow these guidelines: DO NOT mix tire sizes. All four tires must be marked with the REPLACING TWO (2) TIRES - When a pair of replacement same tire size, unless otherwise specified by the vehicle man- tires is selected in the same size and construction as those on the ufacturer. This also applies to winter/snow tires. vehicle, the two newer tires should be installed on the rear axle DO NOT mix radial and non-radial tires. All four must be unless the new replacement tires are of a lower speed rating (see either radial or non-radial. “Tire Mixing” at left and “Important Considerations” on p. 7). DO NOT mix tread pattern types such as all-terrain and all-season. Generally, new tires with deeper tread will provide better grip and Winter/Snow tires2 - It is always preferable to apply win- evacuate water more effectively, which is important as a driver ter/snow tires2 to all wheel positions, including duals, to approaches hydroplaning situations. Placing greater traction on maintain vehicle mobility and control. the rear axle on wet surfaces is necessary to prevent a possible If winter/snow tires are applied to the front axle of any oversteer condition and loss of vehicle stability. vehicle, winter/snow tires must also be installed on the rear axle. DO NOT apply winter/snow tires only to the REPLACING ONE (1) TIRE - Replacing a single tire on a front axle. This applies to all passenger and light truck vehicle can have an adverse affect on suspension systems, vehicles including front-wheel-drive, 4WD, and AWD vehi- gear ratios, transmission, and tire treadwear. If single tire cles. WARNING! Without winter/snow tires on the rear replacement is unavoidable, it is recommended that the single axle, which have comparable traction qualities to the tires new tire be paired with the tire that has the deepest tread and on the front axle, the vehicle may experience adverse both be placed on the rear axle. Placing greater traction on the handling characteristics. This may result in loss of vehicle rear axle on wet surfaces is necessary to prevent a possible control, which could cause serious injury or death. oversteer condition and loss of vehicle stability.

4 RMA REPLACEMENT GUIDELINES FOR PASSENGER AND LIGHT TRUCK TIRES

TIRE RIM/WHEEL SELECTION TIRE, VEHICLE CLEARANCE & TIRE DIAMETER IMPORTANT Always use approved tire and rim combinations Acceptable load index, load capacity, and/or overall diameter for diameters and contours7. do not imply acceptable vehicle clearance. Body and chassis clearance must be checked on the vehicle's front and rear axles. If replacement tires or rims are of a different size from the origi- Tires should only be mounted on approved rim widths (for more nal equipment, all four (4) wheel positions must be checked for information, refer to tables in the Supplement). Figures 1 and 2 illus- proper clearance in the fender well, brake components, shock trate examples of series profile and rim width, respectively. towers, other suspension components, etc. These wheel positions must be checked for full suspension jounce and rebound. Always check to be certain that the diameter designation for Steering tires must be checked in full left and right turns. Also, both tire and rim are the same. For example, a P235/75R16 check to be sure that the outside circumference of all four tires tire must be mounted on a 16-inch rim (see the rim WARN- is within the accepted tolerance of the vehicle manufacturer5. INGS below). If replacement tires or rims/wheels are of a different size from the OE, be sure that the outside circumference of all four tires is within the accepted tolerance of the vehicle manufacturer. Never exceed the maximum pressure and/or load capacity of the rim/wheel. There is a danger of serious injury or death if a tire Figure 1. Series Profile Example of one bead diameter is installed on a rim or wheel of a different rim diameter. ALWAYS replace a tire with another tire of exactly the same bead diameter as the diameter of the rim on which it will be mounted. For example: a 16” tire goes on a 16” rim. NEVER mount a 16” tire on a 16.5” rim. A 16.5” tire ONLY goes on a 16.5” rim. NEVER mount a 16.5” tire on a 16” rim. While it is possible to pass a 16” diameter tire over Figure 2. Example of a 6” Rim Width the lip or flange of a 16.5” size diameter rim, it CAN- NOT be inflated enough to position itself against the rim flange. If an attempt is made to seat the tire bead by inflating, the tire will break with explosive force and could cause serious injury or death. Rims of different diameters and tapers CANNOT be interchanged. The following diagram illustrates the difference between rims of two different tapers and diameters.

High pressure “T” type temporary spare tires should not be used with any other rims/wheels, nor should standard tires, snow tires, wheel covers, or trim rings be used with the high pressure “T” type temporary The following diagram shows how beads of a 16” spare rim/wheel. A “T” type temporary spare tire and tire will not seat on a 16.5” rim. The beads CANNOT wheel assembly should never be used on a vehicle be forced out against the rim flanges by using more with which it is not compatible, nor should more than air pressure because this will break the beads and the one such tire ever be placed on any vehicle at a given tire will explode with force sufficient to cause serious time. Standard tires or snow tires should NOT be injury or death. mounted on a high pressure compact spare wheel. Mismatch of the tire and/or rim parts may cause the assembly to burst with explosive force, sufficient to cause serious physical injury or death.

5 RMA REPLACEMENT GUIDELINES FOR PASSENGER AND LIGHT TRUCK TIRES

TIRE MOUNTING more noise during operation. Low aspect ratio tires -- and their rim/wheel assembly -- are more susceptible to damage from road Mount tires only on approved rim widths (see Supplement). hazards and pothole/curb impact. 5 Follow recommended mounting and demounting procedures6. Overall Diameter : Check to be sure that the overall diame- Never inflate beyond 40 psi (air pressure) to seat beads6. ter of all four tires is within the accepted tolerance of the vehi- See WARNING under “Important Considerations” on p. 7. cle manufacturer. (See “Endnotes” on p. 8.) Inflation Pressure5: Check to see if it needs to be adjusted. PLUS SIZING (See “Important Considerations” at right and “Endnotes” on p. 8.) Load Carrying Capacity: Must be equal to or higher than Plus sizing for light vehicles in the after-market is primarily the OE fitment. based on the following tire/wheel characteristics: Speed Symbol/Category: Must be equal to or higher than 1) Maintain overall tire diameter of the OE tires; the OE fitment if the speed capability of the vehicle is to be 2) Increase the tire section width (contact patch/footprint maintained. (See “Important Considerations” at right.) becomes shorter and wider); Rim Width/Off-Set: Check OE/rim manufacturer's recom- 3) Decrease the series profile (a.k.a. aspect ratio or section mendations. height); Rim/Wheel Selection: Never exceed the maximum pressure 4) Increase the rim/wheel diameter. and/or load capacity of the rim/wheel. Vehicle Clearances: Steering tires must be checked in full left Plus sizing is generally conveyed in terms of “Plus 1”, “Plus 2”, and right turns. All wheel positions should be checked for prop- “Plus 3”, etc. Examples of plus sizing is illustrated in Figure 3. If tire er clearance in fender wells, brake components, shock towers, fitments other than the OE is desired, always consult vehicle and tire and other suspension components. These wheel positions manufacturers' recommendations and consider the following: must be checked for full suspension jounce and rebound. Aspect Ratio: Additional consideration should be made for sub- Vehicle Modifications: Lift kits and other types of suspension stitute tires that are lower in aspect ratio than the OE tire fitments. alterations or use of tires not approved by the vehicle or tire man- Lower aspect ratio tires typically aid performance and handling, ufacturer can adversely affect vehicle handling and stability. but they may provide a less comfortable ride. High performance, State/Local Laws: Check to be sure that the fitment com- low aspect ratio tires may also wear more quickly and produce plies with any state/local regulations.

Figure 3. Plus Size Concepts -- Hypothetical Examples

6 IImmppoorrttaanntt CCoonnssiiddeerraattiioonnss

TIRE CHANGING CAN BE DANGEROUS AND SHOULD BE DONE BY TRAINED PERSONNEL USING PROP- ER TOOLS AND PROCEDURES. ALWAYS READ AND UNDERSTAND ANY MANUFACTURER’S WARNING CONTAINED IN THEIR CUSTOMERS’ LITERATURE OR MOLDED INTO THE TIRE SIDEWALL. Failure to comply with these procedures may result in faulty positioning of the tire and or rim parts and cause the assembly to burst with explosive force, sufficient to cause serious physical injury or death. Never mount or use damaged tires or rims.

Inflation Pressure: OE vs. Replacement Speed Rating 1, 4 Fitment of a new tire (other than the OE size) on the vehicle Speed rating of the tire must be equal to or greater than may require a higher inflation pressure than specified on the what is specified by the vehicle tire placard, or owner’s vehicle tire placard to adequately carry the load. If so, the manual, if the speed capability of the vehicle is to be installer should inform the owner of the new required inflation maintained. For example, if the tire is labeled as pressure. The installer should also place a sticker or decal next P215/65R15 95H, then “95H” is the “service description” to the vehicle tire placard showing the new tire size and inflation where “H” is the “speed symbol”. pressure requirements for future reference. You should never If replacement tires have lower speed capability than speci- inflate a tire below the recommended pressure shown on the fied by the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations, the vehicle’s tire placard. vehicle's speed must be restricted to that of the replacement tire. Also, vehicle handling could be affected. Consult vehi- NOTE: Be sure to maintain any difference in inflation pressures cle or tire manufacturers. for front and rear tires as indicated on the vehicle’s tire placard. If the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations do not call for speed rated tires, replacement tires may be speed rated if Standard Load (SL) vs. Reinforced or desired. Extra-Load (XL) Fitments If installing winter/snow tires and if the vehicle placard spec- Some passenger tires have extra load capabilities. ifies speed rated tires, winter/snow tires of equivalent or Generally, these tires will have “XL” or “Extra Load” or greater speed rating must be fitted if the speed capability of 1, 4 “Reinforced” molded on the sidewall of the tire. Special care the vehicle is to be maintained . For cases where the win- should be exercised when considering reinforced or extra load ter/snow tires’ speed rating cannot match the OE tire, it is (“XL”) tires as substitutes for standard load (“SL”) tires. A rein- generally acceptable to apply a winter/snow tire with a lower forced or “XL” tire offers higher maximum load capacity than a speed rating than the OE tire; however, the vehicle speed is “SL” tire of the same size; however: to be restricted to that of the replacement tire. Refer to the vehicle owner's manual for specific recommendations and/or 2 “XL” tires require higher inflation pressure to attain the added restrictions regarding winter/snow tires . load capacity. (See “Inflation Pressure” above.) For “XL” tires, an equal or greater load index is not always an Tire Size Designation Differences Between adequate indicator of a tire's suitability for the load capacity. As Passenger and Light Truck Tires a result, the maximum load capacity and inflation pressure, Passenger Tires: P-Metric, European Metric which is also molded on the tire sidewall, must be referenced. Light Truck Tires: LT-Metric, High Flotation/Wide Base, and Numeric

Load Index These groups of tires have differences in their load and infla- The load index is the number preceeding the speed symbol tion characteristics, including some differences in their load on a tire’s sidewall. For example, if the tire is labeled as capacity if they are applied to a passenger car versus a light P215/65R15 95H, then “95H” is the “service description” truck. Vehicle handling may be affected when passenger tires where “95” is the “load index”. are replaced with LT tires. Therefore, it is necessary to careful- Tires with the same load index, regardless of tire size, will ly consider these differences when considering a replacement carry the same load, however they may require different infla- tire that is not the same as the OE size. tion pressures. When considering tire load carrying capacity, the load index may not be used independently to determine IMPORTANT replacement tire inflation pressures. An equal to or greater Unless otherwise specified by the vehicle manufacturer, it is load index does not always correspond to equal or greater not recommended to replace OE LT-metric, High Flotation/Wide load carrying capacity at all inflation pressure settings. Base, or Numeric tires with P-metric (e.g. P205/60R15) or Please refer to the tire manufacturer’s recommended inflation European metric tires (e.g. 205/60R15). Please note that pressures for the tire selected (see “Inflation Pressure: OE vs. European Metric tires do not have a "P" in the size designation. Replacement” above). This is particularly important when com- paring P-metric and non-P-Metric tires.

7 EEnnddnnootteess

1 Also see RMA Tire Information Service Bulletin Vol. 25 Speed 6 For proper mounting procedures, see RMA's Demounting and Ratings for Passenger and Light Truck Tires. Mounting Procedures for Automobile and Light Truck (LT) Tires wall chart (applies to tires that are being used on sin- 2 Also see RMA Tire Information Service Bulletin Vol. 42 gle-piece rims). Winter/Snow Tires and Studded Winter/Snow Tires. NOTE: Certain unique tire fitments (e.g. run-flat tires) may require more than 40 psi to seat the beads; bead seating 3 Most states have time limits on the use of studded tires. pressures beyond 40 psi should only be applied to specific Before installing, check with state and local regulations. products authorized by the tire manufacturer and done in accordance with the tire manufacturer’s safety procedures 4 Tire speed ratings do not imply that vehicles can be safely and other recommendations. driven at the maximum speed for which the tire is rated, particularly under adverse road and weather conditions, or if the 7 This means approved tire and rim combinations that are vehicle has unusual characteristics. Never operate a vehicle established and approved by the appropriate industry stan- in an unsafe or unlawful manner. dards organizations including the Tire & Rim Association, Inc., European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation, Japan 5 Differences in overall diameter or inflation pressure may Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association, Inc.; or by the affect vehicle handling as well as the following vehicle read- tire manufacturer. For more information on approved rim ings: speedometer; odometer; ABS; tire pressure monitoring widths, refer to the attached Replacement Guidelines system; 4WD / AWD / traction control; and other electronic Supplement. readings. To maintain accuracy, corrections of these readings may be necessary. Compare the nominal dimensions of # # # placard and candidate replacement sizes. Check the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations.

This is a publication of the: Rubber Manufacturers Association 1400 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20005 Phone 202-682-4800 Fax 202-682-4854 E-mail [email protected]

To order RMA publications, call (800) 325-5095 ext 242* or go online www.rma.org and click on Publications.

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SUPPLEMENTSUPPLEMENT

CONTENTS Approved Rim Widths...... 2 - 11 Passenger Tires P-Metric ...... 2 - 4 European Metric ...... 4 - 8 Light Truck Tires LT Metric ...... 9 - 10 LT Numeric, Flotation (Wide Base)...... 11 LT 16.5 (Obsolete Standard) ...... 12 Light Truck Load/Inflation Tables ...... 13 - 21 Obsolete Standard for Light Truck Tires ...... 22 - 24 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* P-Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 11 12 13 14 SIZE SERIES P145 80 XXXX P155 80 XXX 70 XXX P165 80 XXXX 70 XXXX 65 XXX X P175 80 XXX X 75 XXX X 70 XXX X 65 X X X 60 X X X 50 X X X P185 80 XXX X 75 XXX X 70 XXX X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X P195 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X P205 75 X X X X X 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X 40 X X X P215 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X

* SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook 2 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* P-Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 11 12 13 14 SIZE SERIES P225 75 XXXX 70 X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X P235 75 XXXXX 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X P245 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X P255 75 XXXXX 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X P265 75 X X X X X 70 X X X X X 65* X X X X X 60** X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X 35 X X X * P265/60R18 approved rim widths are 7", 7.5" 8", 8.5", 9", 9.5" ** P265/65R18 approved rim widths are 8", 8.5", 9", 9.5"

* SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook 3 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* P-Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 11 12 13 14 SIZE SERIES P275 70 XXXXX 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X XX 35 X X XX P285 70 XXXXX 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 40* X XX 35 X XX * P285/40R18 approved rim widths are 9.5", 10", 10.5", 11" P295 65 XXXXX 60 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X XX 40 XXX 35 XXX P305 50 X X X XX 45 X XX 40 XXX P315 60 X X X XX 45 XXX 40 XX 35 XX 30 XX P325 50 X X XXX P335 35 XXX 30 X X P345 55 XXX 30* X X X * P345/30R19 approved rim widths are 12", 12.5", 13", 13.5", 14"

* SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook 4 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* European Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 77.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 SIZE SERIES 125 80 XXX 135 80 XXX 70 X X X 145 80 XXXX 70 X X X X 65 X X X 60 X X X 155 80 XXX 70 X X X 65 X X X 60 X X X 165 80 XXXX 75 X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X 175 80 XXXX 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X 60 X X X 55 X X X 50 X X X 45 X X X 185 80 XXXX 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X 195 80 XXXX 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X

* SOURCE: European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation 2004 Yearbook 5 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* European Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 77.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 SIZE SERIES 205 80 XXXXX 75 X X X X X 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X 40 X X X 215 80 XXXX 75 X X X X 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 225 75 XXXX 70 X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X 235 80 XXXXX 75 X X X X X 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 245 75 XXXX 70 X X X X 65 X X X X 60 X X X X 55 X X X X 50 X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X X X

* SOURCE: European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation 2004 Yearbook 6 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* European Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 77.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 SIZE SERIES 255 75 XXXXX 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X X X 265 75 XXXXX 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X X X 275 80 XXXXX 70 X X X X X 65 X X X X X 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X X 40 X X X X X 35 X X X X X 30 X X X 25 X 285 65 XXXXX 60 X X X X X 55 X X X X X 50 X X X X X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X X X 25 X 295 50 XXXXX X 45 X X X X 40 X X X X 35 X X X X 30 X X X 25 X X X

* SOURCE: European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation 2004 Yearbook 7 of 23 RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* European Metric Tire Sizes

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 3 3.5 4 4.5 55.5 6 6.5 77.5 8 8.5 99.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 SIZE SERIES 305 60 XXXX X X X 50 X X X X X X 45 X X X X X 40 X X X X X 35 X X X X X 30 X X X 25 X X X 315 40 XXXXX 35 X X X X X 30 X X X 25 X X X 325 50 XXX X X X 40 X X X X X 30 X X X 25 X X X 335 35 XXXXX 30 X X X 25 X X X 345 60 XXXXXX 35 X X X X X 30 X X X 25 X X X 355 25 XXX

* SOURCE: European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation 2004 Yearbook 8 of 23 Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* Light Truck Metric Tires

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.511 12 13 14 SIZE SERIES RIM LT175 75 14 XXX LT185 75 14 XXXX LT195 75 14 X X X 75 15 XX LT205 70 14 X X X X 75 15 XXX LT215 70 14, 16 X X X X 75 14, 15 X X X X 80 15 X X X X 85 16 XXXX LT225 70 16 X X X 75 15, 16 XXX LT235 60 17 X 70 15 X X X X X 70 16 X X X X 75 15 X X X 80 17 X X X X 85 16 XXXX LT245 65 15, 17 X X X 70 15, 16 X X X 70 17 X X X X 75 15, 17 X X X 75 16 XXXX LT255 70 15, 16 X X X X 75 15 X X X X 85 16 XXXX LT265 70 15, 16, 17 X X X X 75 15 X X X X 75 16 XXX LT275 65 18 X X X X 65 20 X X X X X 70 16, 17, 18 XXXX LT285 55 20 X X X X X 60 16 X X X X 60 17 X X X 65 18 X X X X X 70 15, 17 X X X X 75 16 X X X X 75 17 XXXXX LT295 75 16 XXXXX

9 of 23 * SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* Light Truck Metric Tires

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.511 12 13 14 SIZE SERIES RIM LT305 70 16, 17 XXXX LT315 55 16 X X X X X 70 15, 16 X X X X X 70 18 X X X X 75 16 XXXXX LT325 55 22 X X X X X X 60 15 X X X X 60 18, 20 X X X X X 65 18 X X X X X 80 16 XXXX X LT345 55 16, 17 XXX LT355 55 16 X X X X X 70 16 X X X X X 70 17 XXXXXX LT365 70 16 XX X LT375 50 18 X X X X 55 16 X X X X 60 18 X X X X 65 16 XXXX LT395 65 18 X X X X 70 16 XXX

10 of 23 * SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook Replacement Guidelines for Passenger and Light Truck Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* Numeric and High Floatation (Wide Base) Light Truck Tires

Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 4.5 5 5.5766.5 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 11 12 13 SIZE 6.50-16 LT X X X 6.70-15 LT X X X X

BIAS 7.00-15 LT X X X X 7.50-16 LT X X X X

6.50 R16 LT X X X 6.70 R15 LT X X X X NUMERIC LT 7.00 R15 LT X X X X RADIAL 7.50 R16 LT X X X X

27x8.50 R14 LT X X X X 29x9.50 R15 LT X X X X X 30x9.50 R15 LT X X X X X 33x9.50 R15 LT X X X X X 31x10.50 R15 LT X X X X X 33x10.50 R15 LT X X X X X 31x11.50 R15 LT X X X X 32x11.50 R15 LT X X X X 31x12.50 R15 LT X X X X X 33x12.50 R15 LT X X X X 35x12.50 R15 LT X X X X 37x12.50 R15 LT X X X X 33x12.50 R17 LT X X X X X 35x12.50 R17 LT X X X X 37x12.50 R17 LT X X X X 37x12.50 R18 LT X X X X X 37x12.50 R20 LT X X X X X 35x12.50 R18 LT X X X X 35x13.50 R15 LT X X X X X 35x13.50 R18 LT X X X X X 37x13.50 R15 LT X X X X X 37x13.50 R17 LT X X X X X 37x13.50 R18 LT X X X X X

HIGH FLOTATION (OR WIDE BASE) TIRES 40x13.50 R17 LT X X X X X 36x14.50 R17 LT X X X 36x14.50 R18 LT X X X 33x15.50 R15 LT X X X 36x15.50 R15 LT X X X 38x15.50 R15 LT X X X 38x15.50 R17 LT X X X 38x15.50 R18 LT XXX

* SOURCE: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook 11 of 23 Replacement Guidelines for Light Vehicle Tires - SUPPLEMENT APPROVED RIM WIDTHS* 16.5 Light Truck

Obsolete Standard Rim Widths >> (in inches) >> 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.25 9.75 10.50 11.25 12.00 SIZE 8.00-16.5 LT XX 8.00R16.5 LT 8.75-16.5 LT XX 8.75R16.5 LT 9.50-16.5 LT XX 9.50R16.5 LT 10.00-16.5 LT X 10.00R16.5 LT 12.00-16.5 LT XX 12.00R16.5 LT

30x9.50 R16.5 LT XXX

31x10.50 R16.5 LT X

31x11.50 R16.5 LT XX

33x12.50 R16.5 LT XXX

37x12.50 R16.5 LT X

36x14.50 R16.5 LT XXXX

37x14.50 R16.5 LT XXXX

* Source: Tire and Rim Association 2004 Yearbook 12 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2-07

DUAL 2680 2830 3070 3305 (D) 122 LT375/60R18 SINGLE 2910 3110 3375 3640 (D) 125

DUAL 2335 2440 2655 2910 (D) 118 LT325/60R20 SINGLE 2535 2680 2915 3195 (D) 121

65 SERIES

LT245/65R15 SINGLE 1450 1595 1730 1875 (C) 102

DUAL 2680 2880 3125 3415 (D) 123 LT375/65R16 SINGLE 2910 3165 3435 3750 (D) 126

DUAL 1435 1575 1705 1875 (C) 102 LT245/65R17 SINGLE 1575 1730 1875 2040 (C) 105

(continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 13 of 23

2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2-09

DUAL 1850 2035 2205 2335 2540 2700 2910 (D) 118 LT285/65R18 SINGLE 2035 2235 2425 2600 2790 2965 3195 (D) 121 DUAL 2335 2470 2680 2910 3085 3275 3525 (D) 124 LT325/65R18 SINGLE 2535 2715 2945 3195 3390 3600 3860 (D) 127 DUAL 3085 (C) 120 LT395/65R18 SINGLE 3415 (C) 123 DUAL 1895 2075 2250 2470 2595 2755 2910 3070 3220 3415 (E) 123 LT275/65R20 SINGLE 2080 2280 2475 2680 2850 3030 3195 3375 3540 3750 (E) 126 70 SERIES DUAL 1045 1150 1245 1355 (C) 91 1440 1525 1610(D) 97 1700 1785 1875 (E) 102 LT205/70R14 SINGLE 1150 1265 1370 1475 (C) 94 1580 1675 1765(D) 100 1870 1960 2040 (E) 105 DUAL 1125 1235 1340 1475 (C) 94 LT215/70R14 97 SINGLE 1235 1355 1470 1610 (C) DUAL 1335 1465 1595 1710 (C) 99 1830 1945 2040 (D) 105 2165 2275 2335 (E) 110 LT235/70R15 SINGLE 1875 102 2270 109 2380 2500 2600 114 1465 1610 1750 (C) 2010 2140 (D) (E) DUAL 1420 1555 1695 1875 (C) 102 LT245/70R15 SINGLE 1560 1710 1860 2040 (C) 105

DUAL 1505 1650 1795 1930 (C) 103 LT255/70R15 SINGLE 1655 1815 1970 2150 (C) 107

DUAL 1595 1750 1900 2040 (C) 105 LT265/70R15 SINGLE 1750 1925 2090 2270 (C) 109

DUAL 1780 1950 2120 2335 (C) 110 2440 2595 2755 (D) 116 LT285/70R15 SINGLE 1955 2145 2330 2535 (C) 113 2680 2850 3000 (D) 119 DUAL 2150(C) 107 2275 2470 2680 (D) 115 LT315/70R15 SINGLE 2335(C) 110 2500 2715 2910 (D) 118 DUAL 1220 1340 1455 1610 (C) 97 LT215/70R16 SINGLE 1340 1475 1600 1765 (C) 100 DUAL 1305 1435 1555 1710 (C) 99 LT225/70R16 SINGLE 1435 1575 1710 1875 (C) 102 DUAL 1390 1525 1655 1820 (C) 101 1905 2030 2150 (D) 107 LT235/70R16 SINGLE 1525 1675 1820 1985 (C) 104 2095 2230 2335 (D) 110

(continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 14 of 23

2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -11

LIGHT TRUCK METRIC TIRES FOR TRUCKS, BUSSES, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES USED IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE CUSTOMARY UNITS RADIAL PLY TIRES MOUNTED ON 50 DROP CENTER RIMS TABLE LTM-4A (continued) TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION STANDARD TIRE SIZE TIRE LOAD LIMITS (LBS.) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES (PSI) USAGE DESIGNATION 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 70 SERIES (CONTINUED) DUAL 1475 1620 1760 1930 (C) 103 2025 2150 2335 (D) 110 LT245/70R16 SINGLE 1620 1780 1935 2095 (C) 106 2225 2365 2535 (D) 113 DUAL 1565 1720 1865 1985 (C) 104 2150 2285 2470 (D) 112 LT255/70R16 SINGLE 1720 1890 2050 2205 (C) 108 2360 2510 2680 (D) 115 DUAL 1655 1820 1975 2150 (C) 107 2275 2415 2600 (D) 114 LT265/70R16 SINGLE 1820 2000 2170 2335 (C) 110 2500 2655 2835 (D) 117 DUAL 1750 1920 2090 2270 (C) 109 2400 2555 2755 (D) 116 LT275/70R16 SINGLE 1925 2110 2295 2470 (C) 112 2640 2805 3000 (D) 119 DUAL 2040 2245 2440 2680 (D) 115 2805 2980 3195 (E) 121 3320 3485 3640 (F) 125 LT305/70R16 SINGLE 2270 2465 2680 2910 (D) 118 3085 3275 3525 (E) 124 3650 3830 3970 (F) 128 DUAL 2205 2355 2560 2835 (D) 117 LT315/70R16 SINGLE 2405 2590 2815 3085 (D) 120 DUAL 2680 2835 3075 3305 (D) 122 LT355/70R16 SINGLE 2910 3115 3380 3640 (D) 125 DUAL 2755 2960 3210 3525 (D) 124 LT365/70R16 SINGLE 3000 3250 3530 3860 (D) 127 DUAL 3085(C)120 LT395/70R16 SINGLE 3415(C)123 DUAL 1540 1690 1830 1985 2105 2240 2335 (D) 110 2495 2615 2755 (E) 116 LT245/70R17 SINGLE 1690 1855 2010 2205 2315 2460 2600 (D) 114 2740 2875 3000 (E) 119 DUAL 1720 1890 2050 2270 (C) 109 2360 2510 2680 (D) 115 2735 2820 2910 (E) 118 LT265/70R17 SINGLE 1890 2075 2255 2470 (C) 112 2595 2760 2910 (D) 118 3005 3100 3195 (E) 121 DUAL 1820 1995 2165 2335 (C) 110 LT275/70R17 SINGLE 2000 2195 2380 2600 (C) 114 DUAL 1915 2105 2285 2535 (C) 113 2630 2795 2910 (D) 118 LT285/70R17 SINGLE 2105 2315 2510 2755 (C) 116 2890 3070 3195 (D) 121 DUAL 2205 2370 2530 2755 (D) 116 LT305/70R17 SINGLE 2405 2605 2780 3000 (D) 119 DUAL 2335 2445 2665 2910 (D) 118 LT315/70R17 SINGLE 2535 2685 2915 3195 (D) 121 DUAL 2755 2805 2855 2910 (D) 118 LT355/70R17 SINGLE 3000 3065 3130 3195 (D) 121 DUAL 1885 2065 2250 2470 2585 2750 2910 3060 3210 3305 (E) 122 LT275/70R18 SINGLE 2070 2270 2470 2680 2840 3020 3195 3360 3530 3640 (E) 125 (continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 15 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -13

TIRE SIZE TIRE LOAD LIMITS (LBS.) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES (PSI) USAGE DESIGNATION 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 75 SERIES DUAL 870 955 1035 1135 (C) 85 LT175/75R14 SINGLE 955 1050 1140 1235 (C) 88 DUAL 945 1035 1130 1235 (C) 88 LT185/75R14 SINGLE 1040 1140 1240 1355 (C) 91 DUAL 1015 1115 1210 1325 (C) 90 1390 1485 1565 (D) 96 LT195/75R14 SINGLE 1115 1225 1330 1435 (C) 93 1530 1630 1710 (D) 99 DUAL 1170 1290 1395 1520 (C) 95 1605 1710 1820 (D) 101 LT215/75R14 SINGLE 1285 1415 1535 1655 (C) 98 1765 1880 1985 (D) 104 DUAL 1060 1165 1265 1390 (C) 92 LT195/75R15 SINGLE 1165 1280 1390 1520 (C) 95 DUAL 1145 1260 1365 1520 (C) 95 1575 1675 1765 (D) 100 LT205/75R15 SINGLE 1260 1385 1500 1655 (C) 98 1730 1840 1930 (D) 103 DUAL 1225 1340 1460 1610 (C) 97 1680 1785 1930 (D) 103 LT215/75R15 SINGLE 1345 1475 1605 1765 (C) 100 1845 1960 2095 (D) 106 DUAL 1315 1440 1565 1710 (C) 99 1800 1910 1985 (D) 104 LT225/75R15 SINGLE 1445 1585 1720 1875 (C) 102 1980 2100 2205 (D) 108 DUAL 1390 1530 1660 1820 (C) 101 1910 2030 2150 (D) 107 2265 2375 2535 (E) 113 LT235/75R15 SINGLE 1530 1680 1825 1985 (C) 104 2100 2230 2335 (D) 110 2490 2610 2755 (E) 116 DUAL 1490 1635 1775 1930 (C) 103 LT245/75R15 SINGLE 1635 1795 1950 2150 (C) 107 DUAL 1575 1730 1880 2040 (C) 105 LT255/75R15 SINGLE 1730 1900 2065 2270 (C) 109 DUAL 1675 1840 1995 2205 (C) 108 LT265/75R15 SINGLE 1840 2020 2195 2405 (C) 111 DUAL 1365 1500 1630 1765 (C) 100 1875 1995 2150 (D) 107 2220 2330 2470 (E) 112 LT225/75R16 SINGLE 1500 1650 1790 1940 (C) 103 2060 2190 2335 (D) 110 2440 2560 2680 (E) 115 DUAL 1545 1695 1845 2006 (C) 104 2125 2255 2381(D) 111 2515 2640 2778 (E) 116 LT245/75R16 SINGLE 1700 1865 2030 2205 (C) 108 2335 2480 2623 (D) 114 2765 2900 3042 (E) 120

(continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 16 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -15

LIGHT TRUCK METRIC TIRES FOR TRUCKS, BUSSES, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES USED IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE CUSTOMARY UNITS RADIAL PLY TIRES MOUNTED ON 50 DROP CENTER RIMS TABLE LTM-4A (continued) TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION STANDARD TIRE SIZE TIRE LOAD LIMITS (LBS.) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES (PSI) USAGE DESIGNATION 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 75 SERIES (CONTINUED) DUAL 1740 1910 2075 2270 (C) 109 2390 2540 2755 (D) 116 2825 2965 3085 (E) 120 LT265/75R16 SINGLE 1910 2100 2280 2470 (C) 112 2625 2790 3000 (D) 119 3105 3260 3415 (E) 123 DUAL 1940 2130 2310 2535 (C) 113 2660 2830 3000 (D) 119 LT285/75R16 SINGLE 2130 2340 2540 2755 (C) 116 2925 3110 3305 (D) 122 DUAL 2040 2240 2430 2680 (C) 115 2795 2965 3085 (D) 120 LT295/75R16 SINGLE 2240 2460 2670 2910 (C) 118 3070 3260 3415 (D) 123 LT315/75R16 SINGLE 2535(C)113 2715 2950 3195 (D) 121 DUAL 1610 1770 1920 2040 2210 2360 2535 2640 2775 2910 (E) 118 LT245/75R17 SINGLE 1770 1945 2110 2270 2430 2595 2755 2900 3050 3195 (E) 121 DUAL 2010 2210 2400 2600 2690 2800 2910 (D) 118 LT285/75R17 SINGLE 2210 2430 2640 2835 2955 3075 3195 (D) 121 80 SERIES DUAL 1275 1395 1515 1655 1745 1855 1930 (D) 103 LT215/80R15 SINGLE 1400 1535 1665 1820 1920 2040 2150 (D) 107 DUAL 2535 2705 2935 3195 (D) 121 LT325/80R16 SINGLE 2755 2970 3225 3525 (D) 124 DUAL 1570 1725 1870 2040 2190 2315 2470 2560 2685 2835 (E) 117 LT235/80R17 SINGLE 1725 1895 2055 2270 2405 2545 2680 2815 2950 3085 (E) 120 85 SERIES DUAL 1360 1490 1625 1765 (C) 100 1865 1985 2150 (D) 107 2210 2320 2470 (E) 112 LT215/85R16 SINGLE 1495 1640 1785 1940 (C) 103 2050 2180 2335 (D) 110 2430 2550 2680 (E) 115 DUAL 1545 1700 1845 2006 (C) 104 2125 2260 2381(D) 111 2515 2645 2778 (E) 116 LT235/85R16 SINGLE 1700 1870 2030 2205 (C) 108 2335 2485 2623 (D) 114 2765 2905 3042 (E) 120 DUAL 1745 1920 2085 2270 (C) 109 2400 2550 2755 (D) 116 LT255/85R16 SINGLE 1920 2110 2290 2470 (C) 112 2635 2800 3000 (D) 119 NOTES 1: Letters in parentheses denote Load Range for which Bold Face Loads are maximum. Numbers after Load Range parentheses are international Load Index numbers. 2: General Data shown on Page 2-16 thru 2-21. IMPORTANT - For Tire Load and inflation requirements at various speeds, see Page 2-04. - For Rim and Wheel load information, see Page 2-05. - ALWAYS USE APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS FOR DIAMETERS AND CONTOURS. SEE PAGES 2-16 THROUGH 2-21 FOR APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS.

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 17 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -22

RADIAL PLY LIGHT TRUCK HIGH FLOTATION TIRES FOR TRUCKS, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE

TABLE LTF-2 TIRE TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES SIZE kPa 170 210 250 280 310 350 DESIGNATION psi 25 30 35 40 45 50 kg 425 490 545(B) 590 640 690(C) 27x8.50R14LT 87 95 lbs. 940 1075 1200 (B) 1305 1415 1520(C) kg 515 585 650(B) 715 770 825(C) 29x9.50R15LT 93 101 lbs. 1135 1290 1435 (B) 1575 1700 1820(C) kg 560 640 710(B) 780 840 900(C) 30x9.50R15LT 96 104 lbs. 1240 1410 1565(B) 1715 1855 1985(C) kg 710 805 900 985 1065 1150(C) 33x9.50R15LT 113 lbs. 1565 1780 1980 2170 2345 2535(C) kg 635 725 800(B) 880 955 1030(C) 31x10.50R15LT 100 109 lbs. 1400 1595 1765(B) 1945 2100 2270(C) kg 740 840 925(B) 1025 1110 1180(C) 33x10.50R15LT 105 114 lbs. 1630 1855 2040(B) 2260 2445 2600(C) kg 660 755 825(B) 915 990 1060(C) 31x11.50R15LT 101 110 lbs. 1455 1660 1820(B) 2020 2185 2335(C) kg 715 815 900(B) 990 1070 1150(C) 32x11.50R15LT 104 113 lbs. 1575 1795 1985 (B) 2185 2360 2535(C) kg 690 780 875(C) 31x12.50R15LT 103 lbs. 1520 1715 1930 (C)

kg 800 (B) 905 1000(C) 33x12.50R15LT 100 108 lbs. 1765 (B) 2000 2205 (C) kg 925 1040 1150(C) 35x12.50R15LT 113 lbs. 2040 2295 2535 (C)

kg 1030 (B) 1180 1320(C) 37x12.50R15LT 109 118 lbs. 2270 (B) 2600 2910 (C)

See notes on page 2-24 (continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 18 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -23

RADIAL PLY LIGHT TRUCK HIGH FLOTATION TIRES FOR TRUCKS, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE TABLE LTF-2 (continued)

TIRE TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES SIZE kPa 170 210 250 280 310 350 DESIGNATION psi 25 30 35 40 45 50 kg 730 840 925 (C) 1025 1105 1180 (D) 33x12.50R17LT 105 114 lbs. 1610 1850 2040 (C) 2255 2440 2600 (D) kg 850 980 1090 (C) 1190 1290 1360 (D) 35x12.50R17LT 111 119 lbs. 1875 2155 2405 (C) 2625 2840 3000 (D) kg 975 1120 1250 (C) 1365 1475 1600 (D) 37x12.50R17LT 116 124 lbs. 2150 2470 2755 (C) 3005 3250 3525 (D) kg 825 940 1060 1150 1240 1320 (D) 35x12.50R18LT 118 lbs. 1820 2075 2335 2530 2735 2910 (D) kg 950 1085 1215 1320 1430 1550 (D) 37x12.50R18LT 123 lbs. 2095 2395 2680 2915 3150 3415 (D) kg 875 1010 1120 1225 1325 1400 (D) 37x12.50R20LT 120 lbs. 1930 2225 2470 2705 2925 3085 (D) kg 950 1075 1180 (C) 35x13.50R15LT 114 lbs. 2095 2370 2600 (C) kg 1060 1220 1360 (C) 37x13.50R15LT 119 lbs. 2335 2690 3000 (C) kg 1000 1155 1285 1340 1395 1450 (D) 37x13.50R17LT 121 lbs. 2205 2550 2835 2955 3075 3195 (D) kg 1090 1230 1360 (C) 38x13.50R17LT 119 lbs. 2405 2715 3000 (C) kg 1215 1385 1450 (C) 40x13.50R17LT 121 lbs. 2680 3055 3195 (C) See Notes on page 2-24. (continued)

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 19 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2-24

RADIAL PLY LIGHT TRUCK HIGH FLOTATION TIRES FOR TRUCKS, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE

TABLE LTF-2 (continued)

TIRE TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES

SIZE kPa 170 210 250 280 310 350

DESIGNATION psi 25 30 35 40 45 50 kg 850 970 1090 1180 1275 1360 (D) 35x13.50R18LT 119 lbs. 1875 2140 2405 2605 2815 3000 (D) kg 975 1120 1250 1365 1475 1600 (D) 37x13.50R18LT 124 lbs. 2150 2470 2755 3005 3250 3525 (D)

kg 1030 (B) 1185 1320 (C) 36x14.50R15LT 109 118 lbs. 2270 (B) 2610 2910 (C) kg 975 1115 1250 1315 1385 1450 (D) 36x14.50R17LT 121 lbs. 2150 2455 2755 2900 3050 3195 (D)

kg 950 1075 1180 1310 1415 1500 (D) 36x14.50R18LT 122 lbs. 2095 2370 2600 2885 3115 3305 (D) kg 875 990 1090 (C) 33x15.50R15LT 111 lbs. 1930 2185 2405 (C)

kg 1060 1220 1360 (C) 36x15.50R15LT 119 lbs. 2335 2690 3000 (C) kg 1215 1380 1550 (C) 38x15.50R15LT 123 2680 3040 (C) lbs. 3415 kg 1150 1310 1450 (C) 38x15.50R17LT 121 lbs. 2535 2885 3195 (C) kg 1120 1270 1400 1545 1670 1800 (D) 38x15.50R18LT 128 2470 2800 3085 3405 3685 (D) lbs. 3970 NOTES 1: Letters in parentheses denote Load Range for which Bold Face Loads are maximum. Numbers after Load Range parentheses are international Load Index numbers. 2: General Data shown on pages 2-25, 2-26 and 2-27.

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 20 of 23

2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 2 -28

LIGHT TRUCK TIRES FOR TRUCKS, BUSSES, TRAILERS AND MUTLIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES USED IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE TIRES MOUNTED ON 50 DROP CENTER RIMS TABLE LT-2 TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION STANDARD TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES

TIRE kPa 250 280 310 350 380 410 450 480 520 550 SIZE USAGE psi 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 DESIGNATION kPa 210 250 280 310 350 380 410 450 480 520 psi30354045505560657075 kg 510 555 600 650(C) 680 720 750 (D) 795 830 875(E) DUAL 93 98 103 lbs. 1120 1225 1320 1435(C) 1500 1590 1655 (D) 1750 1830 1930(E) 6.50*16LT kg 575 630 680 730(C) 775 815 875 (D) 905 945 975(E) SINGLE 97 103 107 lbs. 1270 1390 1500 1610(C) 1710 1800 1930 (D) 1990 2080 2150(E) kg 480 530 575 615(C) 655 690 730 (D) 760 795 825(E) DUAL 91 97 101 lbs. 1060 1170 1265 1355(C) 1440 1520 1610 (D) 1670 1750 1820(E) 6.70*15LT kg 550 600 650 690(C) 740 780 825 (D) 860 900 925(E) SINGLE 95 101 105 lbs. 1210 1320 1430 1520(C) 1630 1720 1820 (D) 1900 1980 2040(E) kg 540 595 645 690(C) 735 780 825 (D) 850 890 925(E) DUAL 95 101 105 lbs. 1190 1310 1420 1520(C) 1620 1715 1820 (D) 1870 1960 2040(E) 7.00*15LT kg 610 670 730 775(C) 830 880 925 (D) 965 1005 1060(E) SINGLE 99 105 110 lbs. 1350 1480 1610 1710(C) 1830 1940 2040 (D) 2130 2220 2335(E) kg 650 710 765 825(C) 875 925 975 (D) 1020 1065 1120(E) DUAL 101 107 112 lbs. 1430 1565 1690 1820(C) 1930 2040 2150 (D) 2245 2345 2470(E) 7.50*16LT kg 735 805 875 925(C) 995 1050 1120 (D) 1160 1210 1250(E) SINGLE 105 112 116 lbs. 1620 1770 1930 2040(C) 2190 2310 2470 (D) 2560 2670 2755(E) *Tire size designation will include "R" (Radial Ply) or "-" (Diagonal or Bias Ply). NOTES 1: Letters in parentheses denote Load Range for which Bold Face Loads are maximum. Numbers after Load Range parentheses are international Load Index numbers. 2: General Data shown on Page 2-29. IMPORTANT -For Tire Load and Inflation requirements at various speeds, see Page 2-04. -For rim and wheel load information, see Page 2-05. -ALWAYS USE APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS FOR DIAMETERS AND CONTOURS. SEE PAGE 2-29 FOR APPROVED TIRE AND RIM CONTOURS.

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 21 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 S-22

OBSOLETE STANDARD LIGHT TRUCK WIDE BASE TIRES FOR TRUCKS, BUSSES, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES USED IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE TIRES MOUNTED ON 150 DROP CENTER RIMS TABLE WBLT-1C TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION STANDARD TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES S D I RADIAL PLY U TIRE SIZE N kPa 240 280 310 340 380 410 450 480 520 550 590 620 660 A DESIG- G psi 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 L NATION L (D) DIAGONAL (BIAS) PLY E kPa 210 240 280 310 340 380 410 450 480 520 550 590 620 (S) psi 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 kPa 540 595 640 690(C) 735 775 825(D) 855 895 925(E) 965 1000 1030(F) D 95 101 105 109 lbs. 1195 1310 1415 1520(C) 1620 1710 1820(D) 1885 1970 2040(E) 2130 2200 2270(F) 8.00*16.5LT kPa 615 675 730 800(C) 835 880 925(D) 975 1020 1060(E) 1100 1130 1180(F) S 100 105 110 114 lbs. 1360 1490 1610 1765(C) 1840 1945 2040(D) 2145 2240 2335(E) 2420 2500 2600(F) kPa 625 685 740 800(C) 840 895 950(D) 985 1030 1090(E) 1110 1150 1215(F) D 100 106 111 115 lbs. 1380 1515 1630 1765(C) 1855 1970 2095(D) 2175 2260 2405(E) 2450 2540 2680(F) 8.75*16.5LT kPa 710 780 840 900(C) 955 1020 1090(D) 1120 1170 1215(E) 1260 1310 1360(F) S 104 111 115 119 lbs. 1570 1720 1850 1985(C) 2110 2240 2405(D) 2470 2570 2680(E) 2780 2880 3000(F) kPa 740 810 875 950(C) 1000 1060 1120(D) 1170 1220 1285(E) D 106 112 117 lbs. 1635 1785 1925 2095(C) 2200 2330 2470(D) 2570 2685 2835(E) 9.50*16.5LT kPa 845 920 995 1090(C) 1130 1200 1285(D) 1320 1380 1450(E) S 111 117 121 lbs. 1860 2030 2190 2405(C) 2500 2650 2835(D) 2920 3050 3195(E) kPa 730(B) 805 865 925(C) 990 1050 1120(D) 1150 1200 1250(E) D 97 106 112 116 lbs. 1610(B) 1770 1910 2040(C) 2180 2310 2470(D) 2540 2650 2755(E) 10*16.5LT kPa 850(B) 910 985 1060(C) 1120 1190 1250(D) 1310 1370 1450(E) S 102 110 116 121 lbs. 1875(B) 2010 2170 2335(C) 2480 2620 2755(D) 2885 3010 3195(E) kPa 950(B) 1030 1120 1215(C) 1270 1350 1450(D) 1490 1550 1650(F) D 106 115 121 125 lbs. 2095(B) 2280 2460 2680(C) 2810 2970 3195(D) 3275 3420 3640(F) 12*16.5LT kPa 1090(B) 1170 1270 1360(C) 1450 1530 1650(D) 1690 1760 1850(F) S 111 119 125 129 lbs. 2405(B) 2590 2800 3000(C) 3190 3370 3640(D) 3720 3885 4080(F)

*Tire size designation will include “R” (Radial Ply) or “-“ (Diagonal or Bias Ply) NOTE 1: Letters in parentheses denote Load Range for which Bold Face Loads are maximum. International Load Index numbers are shown after Load Range. 2: The above loads were revised for the 2001 Year Book to comply with U. S. Federal regulations requiring S. I. unites. Previous loads are shown in 2000 Year Book. IMPORTANT -For Tire Load and Inflation requirements at various speeds, see Page 2-04. For rim and wheel load information, see Page 2-05. -ALWAYS USE APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS FOR DIAMETERS AND CONTOURS. SEE PAGE S-23 FOR APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS. GENERAL DATA SHOWN ON PAGE S-23.

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 22 of 23 2004 – THE TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION, INC. – 2004 S-26

OBSOLETE STANDARD LIGHT TRUCK TIRES FOR TRUCKS, BUSSES, TRAILERS AND MULTIPURPOSE PASSENGER VEHICLES USED IN NORMAL HIGHWAY SERVICE TIRES MOUNTED ON 150 DROP CENTER RIMS TABLE STLT-1C TIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION STANDARD TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES TIRE SIZE USAGE kPa 240 280 310 340 380 410 450 480 520 550 590 620 660 690 DESIGNATION psi35404550556065707580859095100 kg 605 650 700 745 785 825 865 925(D) 945 980 1030(E) 1050 1080 1120(F) DUAL 105 109 112 lbs. 1330 1430 1540 1640 1730 1820 1910 2040(D) 2080 2160 2270(E) 2310 2380 2470(F) 8-14.5LT kg 685 740 795 845 895 940 985 1030(D) 1070 1110 1150(E) 1190 1230 1285(F) SINGLE 109 113 117 lbs. 1510 1630 1750 1860 1970 2070 2170 2270(D) 2360 2450 2535(E) 2620 2710 2835(F) kg 700 755 805 855 910 955 1010 1060(D) 1090 1130 1180(E) 1215 1245 1285(F) DUAL 110 114 117 lbs. 1540 1660 1780 1890 2010 2110 2220 2335(D) 2400 2490 2600(E) 2680 2750 2835(F) 9-14.5LT kg 795 855 915 975 1035 1090 1140 1215(D) 1240 1280 1360(E) 1380 1420 1500(F) SINGLE 115 119 122 lbs. 1750 1890 2020 2150 2280 2400 2510 2680(D) 2730 2830 3000(E) 3040 3130 3305(F) kg 715 770 825(C) 205 930 975(D) 1030 1070 1120(E) DUAL 101 107 112 lbs. 1575 1700 1820(C) 450 2050 2150(D) 2260 2360 2470(E) 8-17.5LT kg 810 880 950(C) 1000 1060 1120(D) 1170 1220 1285(E) SINGLE 106 112 117 lbs. 1790 1940 2095(C) 2205 2335 2470(D) 2575 2685 2835(E) NOTE 1: Letters in parentheses denote Load Range for which Bold Face Loads are maximum. 2: The above loads were revised for the 2001 Year Book to comply with U. S. Federal regulations requiring S. I. units. Previous loads are shown in 2000 Year Book. IMPORTANT - For Tire Load and Inflation requirements at various speeds, see page 2-04. For rim and wheel load information, see page 2-05. - ALWAYS USE APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS FOR DIAMETERS AND CONTOURS. SEE TABLE BELOW FOR APPROVED TIRE AND RIM COMBINATIONS. GENERAL DATA DESIGN NEW TIRE DESIGN MINIMUM MINIMUM *M INIM UM TR APPROVED TIRE SIZE OVERALL DIAMETER RIM SIZE DUAL FLAP TUBE RIM DESIGNATION SECTION WIDTH WIDTH HIGHWAY TRACTION FACTO R SPACING WIDTH VALVE CONTOURS TREAD TREAD 8-14.5LT 6.00 8.00 27.82 -- 35.32 -- 6.7 15CW 6.00MH 9-14.5LT 7.00 9.50 28.00 -- 36.95 -- 7.7 15CW 7.00MH 8-17.5LT 5.25 7.85 31.02 31.46 38.31 9.2 6.0 15CW 5.25

*Flaps are required with all rims with valve slots and are optional on rims with valve holes. NOTES 1: Rim valves for tubeless operation on drop center rims are shown in Section 9. 2: Tube size designation same as tire size designation. Consult page 9-02 for acceptable alternate valves. 3: Suggested flap size marking shall include rim diameter designation and flap width. Example: 17.5-6.0LT; 17.5 = Rim diameter designation, 6.0 = Flap width, LT - For light truck usage. 4: See page 2-05 for information on grown tires in service, use of tire chains, minimum size factor and tire width adjustments for alternate rim widths. IMPORTANT: FOR RIM AND WHEEL LOAD INFORMATION, SEE PAGE 2-05.

RMA Replacement Guidelines for Passenger & Light Truck Tires SUPPLEMENT 23 of 23 This is a publication of the: Rubber Manufacturers Association 1400 K Street, NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20005 Phone 202-682-4800 Fax 202-682-4854 E-mail [email protected]

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