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The Stones of Osterley Park House Ruth Siddall
Urban Geology in London No. 37 The Stones of Osterley Park House Ruth Siddall Osterley Park House was designed and built by Robert Adam (1728-1792) in the late 18th Century, between 1761 and the 1780s. It was commissioned by the Child Family and superseded a Tudor Mansion on the same site. Adam had ‘total design’ control of the construction and interior decoration of the house. This assumes that Adam also had a hand in overseeing if not selecting the building materials used. This brief report summarises the building and decorative stones used in the building, as observed following a visit to Osterley Park House in June 2017. Portico and Courtyard Portland Whitbed is used for the pediment, balustrade, quoins and other stone dressings on the exterior of Osterley Park House. It is also used for paving and for the columns supporting the pediment. This stone is identified by the pale grey colour with darker fossilised shells of oysters, which now weather slightly proud of the surface. Sedimentary bedding alignment can be detected in both columns and in some flagstones due to the concentration of shell beds. Portland Whitbed is the most commonly used of three main building stones extracted from the Portland Limestone Formation which occurs in outcrop and subcrop on the Isle of Portland, a peninsula on the Dorset Coast. Whitbed contains variable fossil content, predominantly in the form of oyster shells with well-preserved, laminated shells and also fragments of the reef-forming algae Solenpora portlandica. Two other units are also extracted as building stone; the Basebed and the Roach. -
Purbeck Quarries. OUGS Wessex. March14 2015 Safety
Purbeck Quarries. OUGS Wessex. March14 2015 Safety. Hard hats are required if you go underground in the quarries and perhaps in the Square & Compass pub – low ceilings and beams! At Winspit the quarry edge is unprotected and there is an immediate vertical drop of about 40 feet to the sea. Similarly if you use the Coast Path to overlook the quarry there is a drop to the quarry floor. Keep away from edges. The quarry faces are stable. Morning Landers Quarry. Trev Haysom, Owner Trev will show us around a modern working Purbeck quarry. There will be opportunity to see how the stone is quarried and worked. Landers Quarry is notable as a source of Purbeck Marble. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Afternoon WORTH MATRAVERS AND WINSPIT. Bob Alderman. OUGS Wessex Worth Matravers, along with Langton Matravers is at the centre of the Purbeck stone industry. At Worth the only active quarry is St Aldhelms Quarry (SY 965 762), behind the Aldhelm’s Head. There are several working quarries between Worth and Langton Matravers. About Worth Matravers. The village of Worth Matravers is notable as an essay in Purbeck stone buildings. The nature of the stone means that if readily forms blocks and in some beds it splits to form thin roofing tiles. Only rarely does it provide beds that allow significant carving. You will note there are few mullion windows. There is a 16th century house in Corfe Castle with Purbeck stone mullions but it is a rare example. Most of the stone, exported from Swanage, was in the form of paving slabs. The rise of the Purbeck Stone industry probably dates from the 12th century when the then Bishop of Winchester used it for his Palace. -
DSWA Dorset News
DSWA Dorset News May 2020 I hope you enjoy this issue of the Newsletter in which I am sharing the results of my exploration into the history of the Isle of Purbeck, its quarries, mines and mellow stone, and characteristic walls. I’ve been helped in this project by Sally Fielding, Dave Rawson, Jon Leyland, the National Trust walling ranger on South Purbeck; Keith Coombs who took some of the photographs; and Trev Haysom, a tenth-generation stone mason with unrivalled knowledge of Purbeck quarrying and its history. Haysom Purbeck Stone has been working in Purbeck since the late 17th century. Purbeck stone and marble Purbeck stone is confined largely to an area of 10 square km to the south and west of Swanage. Twenty operational quarries produce up to 25,000 tonnes annually, just half of that shipped out of Swanage in the boom years of the 18th century and leading up to the Industrial Revolution when there was high demand for building stone in burgeoning towns and cities. The hardest and polishable limestone, known as Purbeck marble, consists of the fossilised shells of freshwater snails (Viviparus) and was first quarried from open pits by Iron Age and Roman artisans. Blue and purple Purbeck marble, quarried along a seam from Peveril Point to Worbarrow Bay, were used in tiles and mosaics at Fishbourne Palace (c.75 CE), near Chichester. Apart from its use in utility objects such as grindstones, and the decorative arts, stone was rare as a building material until the Norman invasion when there was high demand for building castles and churches. -
Geology in St Paul's Churchyard and Paternoster Square Ruth Siddall
Urban Geology in London No. 12 Geology in St Paul’s Churchyard and Paternoster Square Ruth Siddall Looking From Newgate Street across Paternoster Square to the Temple Bar and St Paul’s Cathedral. This walk starts at St Paul’s Underground station, and takes in a circuit around the Cathedral via Paternoster Square and St Paul’s Churchyard and back to the tube station via the west end of Cheapside. This area has seen a large amount of redevelopment since Eric Robinson wrote his guides to street geology in this part of the city of London (Robinson, 1984 & 1997; Robinson & Bishop, 1980), including the relocation of two of the City’s monuments into the vicinity. Culturally and archaeologically this is one of the oldest, continuously occupied parts of the City of London, particularly as a religious centre. It was part of the Roman city of Londinium, with the Lud Gate in place in the earliest 3rd Century AD. This Roman gate house survived until 1760 when it was demolished. The first St Paul’s Cathedral was constructed in 604 AD by the Bishop of London, Mellitus. This was replaced (with probable intervening buildings) in 1087 with a new Romanesque cathedral built by Bishop Maurice. In the 13th Century a crypt (still in tact under the current cathedral) and a choir were added, and a cloister and chapter house were added in the 14th Century. In the mid 17th Century, the architect Inigo Jones was surveyor of the fabric and added classical details to the Cathedral. He was succeeded by Sir Christopher Wren who proposed major refurbishments due to have taken place in 1666. -
A Stratigraphical Framework for the Lower Cretaceous of England
A stratigraphical framework for the Lower Cretaceous of England Research Report RR/08/03 HOW TO NAVIGATE THIS DOCUMENT Bookmarks The main elements of the table of contents are book- marked enabling direct links to be followed to the principal section headings and sub- headings, figures, plates and tables irrespective of which part of the document the user is viewing. In addition, the report contains links: from the principal section and subsection headings back to the contents page, from each reference to a figure, plate or table directly to the corresponding figure, plate or table, from each figure, plate or table caption to the first place that figure, plate or table is mentioned in the text and from each page number back to the contents page. RETURN TO CONTENTS PAGE BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH REPORT RR/08/03 The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Licence No: 100017897/2008. Keywords A stratigraphical framework for the United Kingdom, England, Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, East Anglia, Southern England. Lower Cretaceous of England Geology, Stratigraphy, Lower Cretaceous, Early Cretaceous. P M Hopson, I P Wilkinson and M A Woods Front cover Ferruginous Sand Formation exposed above a significant landslide founded in the Atherfield Clay Formation, Red Cliff, Sandown Bay, Isle of Wight (P683788). Bibliographical reference HOPSON , P M, WILKINSON , I P, and WOODS , M A. 2008. A stratigraphical framework for the Lower Cretaceous of England. British Geological Survey. British Geological Survey Research Report, RR/08/03. ISBN 0 85272 623 5 Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. -
Dorset Coast Seascape Character Assessment
Landscape & DORSET COAST Seascape Character Assessment FINAL SEPTEMBER 2010 IMAGE © MARK SIMMONS, DCC September 2010 A Worton Rectory Park, Oxford OX29 4SX T +44 (0)1865 887 050 T +44 (0)1865 887 055 W www.lda-design.co.uk This document has been prepared and checked in accordance with ISO 9001:2000 © LDA Design Consulting LLP. Quality Assured to BS EN ISO 9001 : 2000 LDA Design Consulting LLP, Registered No: OC307725 17 Minster Precincts, Peterborough PE1 1XX Dorset Coast Landscape & Seascape Character Assessment ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Dorset Coast Landscape and Seascape Assessment has benefited from the expertise and guidance of a number of individuals and organisations. Thanks are extended to all those who contributed. PROJECT STEERING GROUp Bob Huggins – Dorset Coast Forum, Chair Ken Buchan -Coastal Policy Manager, Dorset CC Ness Smith –C-SCOPE Project Officer, Dorset CC Tony Harris –Senior Landscape Officer, Dorset CC James Feaver – Coastal and Marine GIS Officer Sandie Wilson – Portland Harbour Authority Bridget Betts – Dorset County Council Matilda Bark – Dorset County Council Jennifer Clarke – AONB Planning Officer CONSULTANTS TEAM LDA Design Consulting LLP William Wheeler Ian Houlston Sarah Singleton Lisa Jenkinson David Lock – GIS Specialist Siobhan Gibbons – Graphics specialist Royal Haskoning Randolph Velterop Paolo Pizzolla Thanks are extended to the many individuals who participated through the Dorset Coast Forum and gave us the benefit of their local knowledge and expertise. We would also like to thank Christine Tudor (Natural England) and Dave Hooley (English Heritage) for their specialist inputs. CONTENTS SECTION 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Introduction 3 1.2. Background to the Dorset Coast Landscape and Seascape Character Assessment 4 1.3. -
Purbeck Marble Conservation and Repair Summary
Purbeck Marble Conservation and repair Summary The unique shelly appearance and subtle colour variations of Purbeck Marble made it the foremost decorative stone of the English medieval period. It was used extensively for architectural features, including columns and pillars, string courses and sculpture in high-status buildings such as cathedrals, abbeys and palaces, as well as more sparingly in many other churches. Over the centuries, layers of now-discoloured waxes and coatings have obscured much of the characteristic splendour of Purbeck Marble, but originally its polished surface would have had an opulence that mimicked true marbles and contrasted with surrounding stonework. Unfortunately, the composition of Purbeck Marble makes it especially vulnerable to deterioration caused by moisture. This can be a particular problem when it is exposed to external environmental conditions or when it is in sheltered locations, such as cloisters, where there are high levels of condensation. As with all heritage assets, deterioration is often exacerbated by lack of maintenance. In the past, attempts at treatment have tended to be piecemeal and inconsistent, but recently there has been an increased understanding of Purbeck Marble and progress has been made in developing methods to combat its decay. This technical advice note looks at the many complex issues that affect Purbeck Marble, the causes of decay and past interventions. It provides best practice advice for care and repair of this important stone including surveys. This guidance is intended for architects, surveyors, conservators, other conservation professionals and anyone who is interested in or responsible for the care of buildings that contain elements made of Purbeck Marble. -
The Caves of the Isle of Portland
THE CAVES OF THE ISLE OF PORTLAND by Mike O’Connor and Nigel Graham With additional material by Mike Read and Andy Mactavish. WCC Occasional Publication Series 3 No. 3 95/726 The Caves of the Isle of Portland Mike O’ Connor and Nigel Graham First published by The Wessex Cave Club, 1995 Revised for Mendip Cave Research Archive, June 2017 – Nigel Graham IMPORTANT The authors and publishers have taken all reasonable care preparing this book. However they cannot be held liable for any errors or omissions in content, nor for any loss or damage resulting from using this book. Some descriptions contained in the guide omit any mention of a need for lifelines. This does not mean a lifeline is not needed. Your safety, and that of your team-mates, is your responsibility. © Wessex Cave Club 1995 WCC Occasional Publication Series 3 No. 3 Series Editor: Nick Williams ISBN 0 9500433 4 6 This MCRA Edition, 2017, with revisions by Nigel Graham iii Contents Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 The caves 5 Cave locations 23 The lost caves 29 The geology and caves of Portland 35 The age of stone 47 Elsewhere in Dorset 53 Of caves and cavers - Portland’s caving history 57 Poetic licence 61 Appendix 1 - Sediment analysis, Engineers’ Hole 65 Appendix 2 - Surveys, original publications 67 Appendix 3 - Coastal walk 69 Appendix 4 - Blast .... & Damn?? -quarry blasting effects on caves 71 Appendix 5 - References 73 Please note: the revisions for this MCRA version, and subsequent filing, may affect page numbering and layouts. We would like to apologise for any difficulties this may cause. -
Lovell Purbeck 4Pp Brochure FD Cmyk
PURBECK STONE SPECIALISTS Isle of Purbeck, Dorset PURBECK STONE PRODUCTS Natural Purbeck stone from the BUILDING STONE ARCHITECTURAL Isle of Purbeck has been used as CROPPED BUILDING STONE MASONRY a traditional building and paving Cropped by guillotine to create a rustic effect. material throughout the South The Lovell Purbeck Works employs a team Nominal bed width between 125-150mm. and South West of England since of skilled masons who produce a wide range Roman times. Recently it has been Available loose or in 1 tonne bags of bespoke architectural masonry including used on restoration works at (approx 4 sq/m per tonne) quoins, jambs, lintels, arches, mullions, cills, Windsor Castle and Westminster Building stone with bespoke finishes such corbels, steps, thresholds, copings, piers and Abbey. New schemes include as ashlar, pitched, hammer dressed, tooled and individual fireplaces. Southampton City Centre and fine dressed can also be supplied. Some of the beds of Purbeck stone can be the Duchy of Cornwall project COLOURS polished to give a unique marble-like finish, at Poundbury near Dorchester. White-Buff, Blue and Mixed Colour making stunning bathroom surfaces, fireplace The Lovell quarries produce a wide (white and blue) hearths and mantles. range of limestones including blue and white-buff colours which are PAVING AND SETTS LANDSCAPING AND suitable for building, walling, roof- Purbeck paving is available in standard gauge ORNAMENTAL tiling, paving and hard landscaping. widths of 200, 300 and 400mm in random RANDOM WALLING lengths and standard thicknesses between 30 and Hand split walling stone is produced from 65mm. Other sizes available to special order. -
Provenance of the Stone Pavers in Christ Church, Lancaster Co., Virginia
Dickinson College Dickinson Scholar Faculty and Staff Publications By Year Faculty and Staff Publications 2010 Provenance of the Stone Pavers in Christ Church, Lancaster Co., Virginia Marcus M. Key, Jr. Dickinson College Robert J. Teagle Treleven Haysom Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.dickinson.edu/faculty_publications Part of the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Key, Marcus M., Jr., Robert J. Teagle, and Treleven Haysom. "Provenance of the Stone Pavers in Christ Church, Lancaster Co., Virginia." Quarterly Bulletin of the Archeological Society of Virginia 65, no. 1 (2010): 1-15. This article is brought to you for free and open access by Dickinson Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Provenance of the stone pavers in Christ Church, Lancaster County, Virginia by Marcus M. Key, Jr., Robert J. Teagle, Treleven Haysom ABSTRACT This study uses the presence of fossils as the The goal of this paper is to determine the discriminating parameter for two reasons. First, the provenance of the stone pavers in the floor of evolutionary process creates species with distinct Christ Church in Lancaster County. The church, temporal and geographic distributions (i.e. fossils finished in 1735, has cross-shaped aisles paved are relatively unique in time and space). Second, with fossiliferous limestone blocks. The geology fossils tend to be relatively unaltered from artifact of Virginia eliminates any potential local source use so they can be easily related back to their for the stones. Historical documents suggest an source rock. The goal of this project is to determine English source. -
Wilkswood Farm
Wilkswood Farm Lander’s Quarries Ltd Open Thursday & Friday 9am-5pm Kingston Road BH19 3JP Saturdays 8am-1pm Specialists in Purbeck Stone for quality meat direct from the farm - Showroom & shop - Visitors welcome Wilkswood Farm is devoted to conservation grazing to protect our Purbeck wildlife • Building, Landscaping, Garden Features NO SPRAYS • NO FERTILIZERS • Bespoke Flooring, Worktops, Fireplaces OLD FASHIONED FARMING • OLD FASHIONED QUALITY! • Carving, Lettering & Monumental “TASTE THE DIFFERENCE” Telephone: (01929) 439205 shop: 427970 web: www.wilkswoodfarm.co.uk www.purbeckstone.co.uk - [email protected] FIND US OPPOSITE THE KNITSON TURN ON VALLEY ROAD ROY BROOKS Quality installations by a family run company for over 30 years PAINTING & WALLPAPERING • Need a new kitchen, bathroom or bedroom? SERVING THE DUBBER AREA • We offer a complete design & fitting service by our team of craftsmen with a no obligation TELEPHONE 01929 421366 quotation • Full project management for a traditional or modern restoration CUSTOM WORK AT REASONABLE RATES Showroom: 60 High Street Swanage, Dorset BH19 2NX OVER 30 YEARS EXPERIENCE 01929 475793 www.ivamydesigns.com BRIAN GLASSOCK ST MICHAELS GARAGE BUILDERS LIMITED GENERAL BUILDING SERVICES Telephone: 01929 422732 BG Mobile: 07720 851363 THE PURBECK FORD CENTRE Please phone for free estimate Valley Road, Swanage, Dorset BH19 3DX ‘Perelandra’, Gypshayes, Langton Matravers, Telephone (01929) 480221 Swanage, Dorset, BH19 3HQ 2 The Dubber Thinking of selling your property? For FREE ADVICE without -
Excursion to Swanage, Corfe Castle, Kimeridge, Etc. Easter, 1896
3°7 EXCURSION TO SWANAGE, CORFE CASTLE, KIMERIDGE, ETC. EASTER, 1896. Directors: W. H. HUDLESTON, F.R.S., REV. OWEN L. MANSEL, and H. W. MONCKTON, F.L.S., F.G.S. (Report b)' THE DIRECTORS.) PART I.-By MR. MONCKTON. THE headquarters during the whole of this excursion were at the Grove Private Hotel, Swanage, where a large number of members assembled on the evening of Thursday, April end, Mr. E. P. Ridley, F.G.S., was the member of the Excursion Com mittee to whom the arrangement of the Excursion was entrusted. Friday, AprilJrd.-Mr. Monckton acted as Director. The party drove from Swanage, through Langton Matravers, and Worth Matravers, to Renscombe Farm, and walked by way of West Hill to Chapman's Pool. On the way the Director made a few remarks on the general geology of the district, and pointed out the more important features of the magnificent cliff sections in view. He remarked that during the Easter Excursion of 1895 he had had an opportunity of addressing the members at Sandown, in the Isle of Wight. On that occasion he drew special attention to the great anticline of the Isle of Wight, which, due to a post cretaceous disturbance, commences in Weymouth Bay, and runs out to sea east of the Isle of Wight. The party were at that time close to the top of the anticline, which is there formed of the Wealden Beds. To-day they found themselves about forty miles west of Sandown, still on the line of the same great disturbance.