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Data & Information Governance Data & Information Governance Bedrock: Data Dictionaries SC.GMIS Software Developers Workshop January 19, 2017 Michael C. Kelly, PhD, PMP Chief Data Officer Objectives Understand data & information governance-related – 1. nomenclature 2. importance & relevance 3. DIG in your industry 4. goals & components 5. data dictionaries 6. initiation / leadership for DIG Guiding Principle 1. Nomenclature - what we name things - how we distinguish concepts - chaos avoidance Nomenclature • Enterprise Information • Business Intelligence Management • Analytics • Information Governance • Big Data • Data Governance • Dashboards • Data Management • Data-driven Decision-making • Data Standards • Machine Learning & Artificial • Master Data Intelligence • Reference Data • Reporting • Identity & Access Management • Identity Management • Access & Permissions Management Data ___ Information and or How do you see the / relationship? versus Reflections on “Governance” Enterprise Information Management • Umbrella term • Everything we do cooperatively with and to information across an organization to . • Collect what is needed – and only what is needed • Ensure responsibility & accountability • Increase efficiency • Reduce Risks • Achieve compliance • Gain competitive advantages Data & Information Governance 1. Specification of decision rights and accountability framework 2. Roles, policies, procedures, processes, standards, and metrics Data & Information Governance 1. Specification of decision rights and accountability framework with information... • Creation • Storage • Use • Archiving/deletion UofSC Data Governance Framework Data & Information Governance 2. Roles, policies, procedures, processes, standards, and metrics • Roles – 5 layers • Leadership & coordination • Data Trustee • Data Steward • Data Custodian • End User Data Management Master Data Reference Data • Specific to the • Relatable outside the organization organization • Organizational • Standard hierarchy Occupational Codes • Building Names & (SOC) Codes • Country codes • Client/customer • Units of measure identifiers Identity & Access Management (IAM) Identity Access & Permissions • Assuring consistent • Authorizations granted recognition of same and actions enabled for individual * individual * • Assigned ID # • Systems • Duplicate detection • Screens / GUIs • False merge • Data elements • Multiple roles • View/edit/delete • Employee - but also - (rights) • Client / customer • Reports / DW * Individuals may be persons or nonpersons Business Intelligence Nomenclature Notes Standard analyses for internal & external stakeholders Reporting – e.g. monthly reports, audit Advanced analysis with (near) real-time, exploring Analytics * complex questions or hypotheses Big Data * Raw material for analytics – 5 V characteristics Leverage analytics-oriented data for visualization, Dashboards manipulation, and drill-down Data-driven Impetus for executives to change org behaviors based on data, to improve efficiency of operations, quality of Decision-making services, bottom line Analytics Type Description What is happening / what happened Descriptive (close kin to reporting) Diagnostic Why something happened / causation Reveal previously unknown relationships in data / Discovery correlation Predictive What will happen / conditional What should happen / what should we do / how Prescriptive can we impact trajectory Analytics Big Data Type Description Value Costs & benefits Variety Different sources and types (structured & unstructured) Velocity Rapid influx / speed of creation Veracity Not always trustworthy / clean / reliable Volume Vast quantity 2. Importance & Relevance - why talk about DIG? - how does it matter to Software Development? Drivers for DIG Why Now? • Truthfully, we’re all late to the game • ERP & Auxiliary systems proliferation • Information management crisis • Regulatory & compliance requirements • Business optimization through BI Relevance to SW Development Software (def.) – tools to manage records and/or perform essential activities • Data is generated • Data has a lifecycle • Data has meaning • Software has users Data Lifecycle Source: http://www.spirion.com/us/Content/Images/Solutions/lifecycle-management.png 3. DIG Status in Your Industry - do you need DIG? do you have DIG? - what pressures demand DIG? - how good is your DIG? DIG Status Assessment • You are already doing it • The questions are: • How well? • How coordinated? • How efficient? • Is there a better way? Already doing DIG Identity Management Access Management Data creation Data use Units of measure Error detection Error remediation Reporting Opportunities for Improvement • Access & Permissions request & fulfillment • Data Standards • Data definitions • MDR / RDM • Training of End Users • Data Quality & Integrity monitoring • Automating error correction / prevention • Workflows & automation & integration • BI / Dashboards So, what does DIG deliver? • is more strategic in its purpose & implementation • considers risk & compliance & good practices • Data Stewardship • is organization-wide (and scalable to org size) • is holistic • trace & connect Point of Collection to Point of BI • maximize opportunities to improve • exploit competitive advantage DIG: Data in Your Industry • Identities – • Equipment • Clients • Supplies • Customers • Employees • Human Resources • Vendors • Facilities • Equipment • Research & • Documentation – Development • Work completed • Budget / AP / AR • Transactions • ? What else ? 4. Goals & Components - what benefits will you realize? - what issues should you address? - how might you structure your effort? Headline for DIG •Ensure that information is trustworthy and actionable UofSC Data Governance Framework Data & Information Strategy Council • Executive Leadership • Vice Presidents & Chancellors • C-Suite / Chief _x_ Officers • Align data practices to Strategic Plan • Data must exist to support Goals, Objectives, KPIs • Highest decision-making on escalated issues • Authorize initiatives & investments • Support strategic priorities • Resolve longstanding deficiencies Data Stewardship Program • Collaboration & cooperation across most critical Lines of Business (LOBs) • Practices • IG steering • Operational procedures & standards • Instruction to org units • Resolve escalated issues • System & Data Ownership by Managers as Data Stewards • Decision rights • Responsibilities & Accountability • Compliance • Privacy & Security • Data Protection, Recovery, Business Continuity • Retention, Archive, Deletion Data Standards Program • Develop &/or approve data standards • Procedures • Reference Data Management (RDM) • Authoring • Master Data Management • Interpretation (MDM) • Implementation • Data Dictionaries • Communication • Data Element inventory • Change notification • Data Element definition & classification • Data Glossary • Documentation & Training • Data Dictionary • Reference materials • Train existing workforce and on-boarding new employees Data Quality & Integrity Assurance • Enforce quality standards • Control system changes • Monitoring of systems & • Scheduling data • Coordination • Non-conforming values • Implementation • Missing values • Acceptance testing • Issues identification • Resolution protocols • End User Feedback • Solicit • Establish Metrics • Incorporate & • Time to resolution recommend changes • Error/issue prevention Identity & Access Management • Specify identity requirements • Access & Permissions • Content & format of • Access request system & identifiers workflow • Rules for record & identifier • End User Roles creation • Authorize, execute, terminate • Identity matching algorithms • Document / audit trail • Integration across systems • Login credentials & passwords • Resolve identity issues • Monitoring & identifying issues • Recombobulation • Collapsing duplicates • Extricating falsely-merged records Reporting - Analytics - Decision Support • Inventory of Data Sources • Data Warehouse / Operational Data Store • Reporting Standards & Protocols • Data Tools • ETL • Analysis • Visualization • Deliverables • Dashboards • Reports • Survey standards committee • Professional development 7 Essential Practices in Healthcare Dale Sanders, 2013 7 Essential Practices 1. Balanced, lean governance 2. Data quality 3. Data access 4. Data literacy 5. Data content 6. Analytic prioritization 7. Master data management (MDM) Dale Sanders, 2013 5. Data Dictionaries - what’s the diff: glossary vs. dictionary? - what tools are available? - how to get started? CDO @ UofSC: Data Resources https://goo.gl/Dtb3Zn Distinction without a Difference? Distinction without a Difference? Dictionary Glossary • Compilation of • A word list – words and their possibly with page meaning and usage numbers to help (AKA definitions) locate where the word/term appears Define “Definition” Data Definition Source: http://www.sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/division_of_information_technology/chiefdataofficer/ Data Standard: Data Dictionaries Purpose: Document & Share Knowledge “the increased use of data [and] data interchange heavily relies on accurate, reliable, controllable, and verifiable data recorded in databases. One of the prerequisites for correct and proper use and interpretation of data is that both users and owners of data have a common understanding of the meaning and descriptive characteristics of that data.” International Standards Organization, 2004. Information Technology Parts 1-6 (2nd Edition) http://www.iso.org/ Data Standard: Definitions & Dictionaries Principles of Definitions &
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