The Ambivalent State and the Media in India: Between Elite Domination and the Public Interest
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Reporting Techniques & Skills
Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Reporting Techniques & Skills Study Material for Students 1 Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Reporting Techniques & Skills CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDIA WORLD Mass communication and Journalism is institutionalized and source specific. It functions through well-organized professionals and has an ever increasing interlace. Mass media has a global availability and it has converted the whole world in to a global village. A qualified journalism professional can take up a job of educating, entertaining, informing, persuading, interpreting, and guiding. Working in print media offers the opportunities to be a news reporter, news presenter, an editor, a feature writer, a photojournalist, etc. Electronic media offers great opportunities of being a news reporter, news editor, newsreader, programme host, interviewer, cameraman, producer, director, etc. Other titles of Mass Communication and Journalism professionals are script writer, production assistant, technical director, floor manager, lighting director, scenic director, coordinator, creative director, advertiser, media planner, media consultant, public relation officer, counselor, front office executive, event manager and others. 2 Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping : Reporting Techniques & Skills INTRODUCTION The book deals with techniques of reporting. The students will learn the skills of gathering news and reporter’s art of writing the news. The book explains the basic formula of writing the news and the kinds of leads. Students will also learn different types of reporting and the importance of clarity and accuracy in writing news. -
Community Radio Journalism in India
News by any other name: community radio journalism in India Bridget Backhaus* Griffith University, Australia Abstract Community radio journalism is a cultural resource that offers a voice to local communities and works to democratise media landscapes. Despite its indisputable value, community radio journalism in India faces a unique set of challenges: the foremost being that, officially, it does not exist. According to government policy, community radio stations are prohibited from broadcasting any news and current affairs content. The situation is further complicated by the presence of a development discourse underpinning the entire rationale for the sector. Instead of serving their listeners, community radio stations are beholden to a nebulous ‘development’ agenda. Under such circumstances, it is unsurprising that community radio journalism in India is relatively unexplored in the literature. This paper aims to address this gap by exploring how community radio practitioners in India source content and work around their restrictions in order to provide their listeners with relevant information and news. Keywords Community radio, India, news, journalism, development, social change Introduction Community radio is considered to be a voice for the voiceless and a stronghold of alternative views. Similarly, community radio journalism also has a tradition of democratising the media and acting as a cultural resource to provide communities with a local voice (Forde, Meadows & Foxwell-Norton, 2002). In India however, community radio journalism faces a unique set of challenges: the foremost of which being that, officially, it does not exist. Government policy prevents community radio stations in India from broadcasting any news or current affairs coverage. Employing the concept of community radio as rhizome as a theoretical framework, this article explores the fluid and contingent nature of community radio news and journalism in an environment where it officially does not exist. -
Mjmc 2020-22
c MJMC (SESSTON- 2020-2022) SYLLABUS Master of Journalism and Mass Communication Four Semester Course Under Choice Based Credit System .IIWAJI UNMRSITY, GWALIOR 2020-2022 "t\7 \/' \\/ : :1; MJMC (sESSroN- 2020-2A22) JIWAJI UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR (Established in 1964) NAAC Accredited 'A' crade University MASTER OF JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION (Choice Based Credit System) ( 2O2O-22) 1. Eligibility for Admission : Graduate in any discipline from any University recognized by Jiwaji University, Gwalior 2. No. of seats :30 Admission On the basis of merit 4. Duration 2 years (4 Semester) regular course. 6 Objectives of Course: Objectives of Course are - (1) To familiarize the students with the working of media print, electronic and cyber media. (2\ To develop working skills needed for newspapers! Radio, T V and Web Journalism. (3) To develop research aptitude and research skills to understand media and to make use of them. (4) To develop understanding of development and its relationship with media. (5) To develop writing skills for different formats of writing used in media. (6) To develop understanding of the role of media in society. (7) To sensitize students about human values, culture, development of society, environment etc. in relation to media. (8) To develop competence to supervise and guide the working of media and the spirit of a team head. (9) To develop aptitude and competence to analyze and interpret the events. (10) Focus of the course will be on print journalism. Scheme of Study for M.J.M.C. Programme : (1) M.J. M. C. Programme is divided into four semesters. (2) Student will have to successfully undergo theory courses, seminars, assignments and internship. -
Digital Media: Rise of On-Demand Content 2 Contents
Digital Media: Rise of On-demand Content www.deloitte.com/in 2 Contents Foreword 04 Global Trends: Transition to On-Demand Content 05 Digital Media Landscape in India 08 On-demand Ecosystem in India 13 Prevalent On-Demand Content Monetization Models 15 On-Demand Content: Music Streaming 20 On-Demand Content: Video Streaming 28 Conclusion 34 Acknowledgements 35 References 36 3 Foreword Welcome to the Deloitte’s point of view about the rise key industry trends and developments in key sub-sectors. of On-demand Content consumption through digital In some cases, we seek to identify the drivers behind platforms in India. major inflection points and milestones while in others Deloitte’s aim with this point of view is to catalyze our intent is to explain fundamental challenges and discussions around significant developments that may roadblocks that might need due consideration. We also require companies or governments to respond. Deloitte aim to cover the different monetization methods that provides a view on what may happen, what could likely the players are experimenting with in the evolving Indian occur as a consequence, and the likely implications for digital content market in order to come up with the various types of ecosystem players. most optimal operating model. This publication is inspired by the huge opportunity Arguably, the bigger challenge in identification of the Hemant Joshi presented by on-demand content, especially digital future milestones about this evolving industry and audio and video in India. Our objective with this report ecosystem is not about forecasting what technologies is to analyze the key market trends in past, and expected or services will emerge or be enhanced, but in how they developments in the near to long-term future which will be adopted. -
English and Communicative English
UNIVERSITY OF KERALA FIRST DEGREE PROGRAMME IN Career related 2(a) ENGLISH AND COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH (CBCS SYSTEM) 2013 Admissions onwards SEMESTERS I to 6 (Core, Complementary, Vocational Open Courses) SYLLABI 2 SEMESTER I CAREER RELATED FIRST DEGREE PROGRAMME 2(a) (CBCS System) COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH Core Course I – READING POETRY: CG 1141 No. of credits: 3 No. of instructional hours: 5 per week (Total: 90 hrs) AIMS 1. To sensitize students to the language, forms and types of poetry. 2. To make them aware of the diverse poetic devices and strategies. 3. To help them read, analyse and appreciate poetry. 4. To enhance the level of literary and aesthetic experience and to help them respond creatively. OBJECTIVES On completion of the course, the students should be able to 1. identify the various forms and types of poetry 2. explain the diverse poetic devices and strategies employed by poets. 3. read, analyse and appreciate poetry critically. 4. respond critically and creatively to the world around. COURSE OUTLINE Module 1: • Subjective and Objective Poetry • Types of Poetry: Lyric, Ode, Sonnet, Elegy, Ballad, Epic, Mock Epic, Dramatic Monologue, Haiku. • Stanza – couplet, tercet, terza rima, ottava rima, quatrain, spensarian stanza, rime royal. • Poetic devices: alliteration, assonance, simile, metaphor, image, symbol, rhythm, rhyme. • Meter: Heroic Couplet, Free Verse and Blank Verse. Module 2: Representative poetry from British literature. Module 3: Representative poetry from American, Irish, German, Russian, Australian and Indian literatures. Module 4: Practical criticism – intensive reading of poems at phonological, structural and semantic levels. Critical analysis and appreciation of unseen poem. 3 COURSE MATERIAL Module 1: Core reading: Chapter 1 from A Concise Companion to Literary Forms. -
A Study on the Role of Public and Private Sector Radio in Women's
Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications- Volume 4, Issue 2 – Pages 121-140 A Study on the Role of Public and Private Sector Radio in Women’s Development with Special Reference to India By Afreen Rikzana Abdul Rasheed Neelamalar Maraimalai† Radio plays an important role in the lives of women belonging to all sections of society, but especially for homemakers to relieve them from isolation and help them to lighten their spirit by hearing radio programs. Women today play almost every role in the Radio Industry - as Radio Jockeys, Program Executives, Sound Engineers and so on in both public and private radio broadcasting and also in community radio. All India Radio (AIR) constitutes the public radio broadcasting sector of India, and it has been serving to inform, educate and entertain the masses. In addition, the private radio stations started to emerge in India from 2001. The study focuses on private and public radio stations in Chennai, which is an important metropolitan city in India, and on how they contribute towards the development of women in society. Keywords: All India Radio, private radio station, public broadcasting, radio, women’s development Introduction Women play a vital role in the process of a nation’s change and development. The Indian Constitution provides equal status to men and women. The status of women in India has massively transformed over the past few years in terms of their access to education, politics, media, art and culture, service sectors, science and technology activities etc. (Agarwal, 2008). As a result, though Indian women have the responsibilities of maintaining their family’s welfare, they also enjoy more liberty and opportunities to chase their dreams. -
Media Concentration in India
3/17/2010 MEDIA CONCENTRATION IN INDIA 1st interim report Anuradha Bhattacharjee, Assistant Professor, Media and Communications, Mudra Institute of Communications, Ahmedabad. India Media in India: A country report • Till 1991, the only privately held media was newspapers and magazines since 1780. • Foreign media companies allowed operations with Indian partners from 2001. • The M&E industry stood at INR 385 billion in 2005, 584 billion in 2008 and expected to maintain a CAGR of 12.5% (source: FICCI-KPMG Media & Entertainment, 2009) 1 3/17/2010 PRESS IN INDIA • Made its appearance in January 1780 with the weekly Bengal Gazette . • Indian language journalism began with Miratool Akbar in 1822. • In 1910 , 50 English and 272 vernacular newspapers were banned under the Indian Press Act. • Several publications were banned during the Quit India Movement ( 1942) and Emergency (1975) PRESS IN INDIA (conti…) • 1953: Industry estimated to worth Rs 110 million ( source: Report of First Press Commission, 1954) • 1980 : Industry estimated be a Rs 1.5 billion industry ( Source: Khandekar, The indian media business, 2005) • 2005: 95 billion in advertising and subscription revenues. ( Source: Kandekar, ibid) • 2008: 172.6 billion. ( Source KPMG Media Industry in India, 2009) 2 3/17/2010 M&E 2005 2006 2007 2008 CAGR 2009 2010P 2011P 2012P 2013P CAGR Industry % P % (INR billion) (2006- (2009- 08) 13) Television 163.3 182.5 211.3 240.5 13.8% 262.7 295.6 341.7 399.1 472.6 14.5% Print 117.1 138.6 160.4 172.6 13.8% 183.9 197.9 216.0 239.3 266.0 9.0% Film 66.9 -
Malayala Manorama
Success Story SAP Solutions Malayala Manorama Malayala Manorama depends on its SAP ERP applications to meet tight publishing deadlines—and with its existing database approaching end-of-support, the company targeted a future-ready data platform based on SAP HANA in-memory technology. To deliver optimal performance for this new database platform, Malayala Manorama deployed a robust server solution based on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications. Overview timeframes, they must meet rising ex - Based in the state of Kerala, India, Malayala pectation from readers, who want up- Manorama is a morning newspaper and to-the-minute breaking news online and online news site in the Malayalam lan- well-crafted articles accompanied by vi- guage. With a readership of more than 20 brant photography in print each day. In million people, it is the sixth most widely the increasingly crowded news sector, Malayala Manorama at a Glance: circulated newspaper in India. Malayala organisations must stand out from the Established in 1888, Malayala Manorama Manorama keeps readers up-to-date on crowd by delivering unique content fast. Company Limited publishes one of India’s most a wide range of topics including cur- widely circulated morning newspapers. rent affairs, sports, entertainment, life- With an increasingly discerning reader- style, travel and more. First established ship and in the face of growing com- Industry and Location in 1888 as a weekly newspaper, Malayala petition, Malayala Manorama Company Media & Entertainment, Kottayam, India Manorama is published by Malayala Limited must stay on its toes to protect Product and Services Manorama Company Limited. and extend its audience share. -
Nautch’ to the Star-Status of Muslim Women of Hindustani Cinema
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-7, 2016 ISSN: 2454-1362, http://www.onlinejournal.in A Journey from the Colonial Stigma of ‘Nautch’ To the Star-Status of Muslim Women of Hindustani Cinema Ayesha Arfeen Research Scholar, CSSS/SSS, J.N.U, New Delhi Abstract : This paper tries to explore and indulge Pran Nevile maintains that while the Mughal India into the debate of how the yesteryears tawaifs were saw the advent of the nautch girl on the cultural reduced to mere prostitutes and hence the stigma landscape of the country and her rise to the pinnacle of glory, the annexation by the British of attached to them in the colonial period and how Awadh (1856) in the north and Tanjore (1855) in with the post-colonial period, the stigma is erased the south - the two dominant centres of Indian art by the rising to fame of Muslim actresses of and culture - foreshadowed her decline and fall. Hindustani film industry. This paper turns out to be Pran Nevile, who himself hails from India (British a comparative study of the ‘nautch’ girls as India) surprises me when he uses the term ‘nautch’ portrayed by the British and their downfall on one in the above statement, for the larger than life hand; and the Muslim doyens of Hindustani cinema ‘tawaifs’ of North India. as stars on the other. The tawaifs were professional women performing artists who functioned between the nineteenth and Keywords: Muslim Women, Star Status, Muslim early twentieth century in north India. The word Actresses, Stardom, Hindustani Cinema, Film ‘tawaif’ is believed to have come from the Persian Stars, Nautch, Tawaif tawaif of circumambulation of the kaaba and refers to her movement around the mehfil space, the circle INTRODUCTION. -
Radio and Rural Penetration in India
Radio and Rural Penetration in India Radio in India has a long history of both social change and agricultural extension activitiesThe history of broadcasting in India is deeply rooted in development discourse and colonialism. The first radio broadcasting in India took place as a commercial venture; the Indian Broadcasting Company (IBC) began broadcasting from its first station in Bombay (Mumbai) in 1927 (Kumar, 2003). The IBC lasted just over 2 years before going into liquidation, with the high costs of radio sets, difficulties associated with collecting license fees and „Indian conditions and traditions‟ blamed for its failure (Kumar, 2003). The Government of India took control after this and introduced the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act of 1933 to deal with the evasion of license fee payment while also effectively making the possession of radio receivers and equipment without a license illegal (Pavarala & Malik, 2007). While broadcasting in India more broadly was struggling to find its feet, there were some early experiments that could be considered precursors to the community radio. Several public servants working in rural areas made cases for local broadcasting in local dialects with content that was relevant to the everyday lives of the listeners (Page & Crawley, 2001). Experiments were conducted in Lahore, Poona (Pune), Delhi, and Peshawar, though none survived very long with even the successful projects absorbed into the national broadcaster and subsequently losing much of the local focus (Page & Crawley, 2001). The British investment and interest in Indian broadcasting increased around the second World War with Sir John Reith, Founder and First Director General of the BBC, arguing that central control was essential for efficiency: this structure and Reith‟s paternalistic legacy—„to “improve” the masses by giving them not what they sought to hear, but what they ought to hear‟—influenced AIR for many years to come (Kumar, 2003, p. -
Unit 2 Radio, Television and Cinema
UNIT 2 RADIO, TELEVISION AND CINEMA 2.0 Objectives 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Origin and Development of Radio in India 2.2.1 The Indian Broadcasting Company 2.2.2 All India Radio 2.2.3 First Three Plans 2.2.4 Chanda Committee 2.25 Code for Broadcasteis 2.2.6 Verghese Committee 2.2.7 The Present Status 1 2.2.8 Audiena Research I 2.2.9 Radio's Effectiveness 23 Origin and Deveiopment of Television in India Ii I 2.3.1 TV Comes to India 2.3.2 SITE 2.3.3 Commercial Servia I 2.3.4 National Broadcest Trust I 23.5 Development in the Eighties 2.3.6 Joshi Committee ! 2.3.7 Video Boom 2.3.8 Cable TV 2.3.9 Effectiveness of Doordarshan 2.4 Origin and Development of Films in India 2.4.1 The Beginning 2.4.2 Film mesto India 2.4.3 The Silent Era 2.4.4 The Talkie 2.4.5 Government Oiganizations 2.4.6 Need for Good Films 2.5 Let Us Sum Up 2.6 Glossary 2.7 Further Reading 2.8 Check Your Pmgms : Model Answers 2.0' OBJECTIVES After going through this unit, you should be able to : trace the development of radio, TV and film over the yeam ae a media of maw cbmrnunication; describe the reach and effectiveness of mdio, TV and film as media of mass communication; compare the development of radio, TV and film in India. 2.1 INTRODUCTION In unit 1 we traced the origin and development of the Indian press. -
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)
Consultation Paper No. 1/2008 Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) Consultation paper on Issues Relating to 3rd Phase of Private FM Radio Broadcasting 8th January 2008 Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg New Delhi-110002 Web-site: www.trai.gov.in 1 Table of Contents Subject Page No. Preface 3 Chapter 1 Introduction 5 Chapter 2 Background 9 Chapter 3 Regulatory and licensing issues 15 Chapter 4 Technical issues 39 Chapter 5 Other issues 57 Chapter 6 Issues for consultation 64 Annexure I International Experience 67 Annexure II Ministry of Information and 75 Broadcasting Ministry letter seeking recommendations of TRAI Annexure III List of cities with number of 77 channels that came up in phase I Annexure IV Policy of Expansion of FM radio 78 broadcast Service Annexure V List of cities where LOI was issued 104 for FM radio Broadcast under phase II Annexure VI List of cities with number of 107 channels put for re-bid under phase II Annexure VII List of suggested cities along with 110 number of channels for FM Radio phase III by BECIL Annexure VIII Proposed selection criteria by 120 Broadcast Engineering Consultants India Limited for cities in phase III Annexure IX Grant of permission agreement for 121 operating FM radio broadcast service 2 PREFACE The first phase of private sector involvement in FM radio broadcasting was launched by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India vide its notification in year 1999. The objective behind the scheme was to attract private agencies to supplement the efforts of All India Radio by operationalising FM radio stations that provide programs of relevance with special emphasis on local content, increase content generation and improve quality of fidelity in reception.