Logic and Methodology of Science: an Introduction to the Philosophy of Science 1 P
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Technophilia, Neo-Luddism, Edependency and the Judgement of Thamus, Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, Vol
Deakin Research Online This is the authors’ final peer reviewed (post print) version of the item published as: Coulthard, Darryl and Keller, Susan 2012, Technophilia, neo-Luddism, eDependency and the judgement of Thamus, Journal of information, communication and ethics in society, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 262-272. Available from Deakin Research Online: http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30049517 Reproduced with the kind permission of the copyright owner. Copyright : 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Technophilia, neo-Luddism, eDependency and the judgement of Thamus The Authors Darryl Coulthard, School of Information Systems, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia Susan Keller, School of Information Systems, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect on society's relationship with technology and particularly our increasing dependence on electronic technology – so-called eDependency. The paper argues that technology is not neutral and we must engage with the moral issues that arise from our relationship with it. Design/methodology/approach – Society's relationship with technology is examined through the lens of Socrates' consideration of the technology of writing. It identifies “technophilia” as a major theme in society and “neo-Luddism” as the Socrates-like examination of the benefits of technology. Findings – While rejecting both technology determinism and technology presentism the paper argues technology is not neutral and does afford social change within a particular social ecology. The authors suggest that ultimately the use of all technology, including the technology underpinning eDependency, leads to important moral questions which deserve considered debate. The paper concludes by arguing that the Information Systems (IS) discipline should take the mantle of King Thamus and that the study of these issues should become a key concern for the discipline. -
Critique of Technology (DRAFT) Stephen Petrina University of British Columbia
Chapter 2 Critique of Technology (DRAFT) Stephen Petrina University of British Columbia If critique barely changes a thing, including youth consciousness, what is its utility? Most critiques of media and technology are instrumental by definition and intended to have an effect or make a difference. If it has been enough for criticism and critique to offer a counter to progress narratives, then how effective has this been? Has the critique of media and technology run out of steam, as Latour (2004) suggests? If out of energy drawn from the steam age, should critique be retrofit to run on light and signals? Meantime, the trend in vaping may conceivably pressurize critique enough to sputter into the future. Is the critique of media and technology over time sufficiently prejudicial or probative? Instrumental or terminal? Accounting for prehistories of cultural evolution, where two hominids debate the merits of a stone implement or pictograph, the first and best critique of technology is Genesis. For over 2,500 years and to this moment, the Garden, Tree of Knowledge, Tower of Babel and Babylon are commonly raised to illustrate the fourfold of spirituality, nature, humanity and technology and accentuate critique. Critique of technology is given dimension in Revelation 18 and takes a form of uncompromising judgment (Greek krino, krisis, Latin iudicium, discrimen) of merchants and luxuries as YHWH proceeds to level Babylon. This chapter begins with the spiritual critique of media and technology and proceeds historically through cultural criticism and social, psychic, ontic, and identic critiques. Differentiated from the spiritual critique that precedes, cultural criticism of media and technology emerges in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries as a mode of describing and depicting the mechanical arts. -
Tuzo Wilson in China: Tectonics, Diplomacy and Discipline During the Cold War
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Undergraduate Humanities Forum 2012-2013: Penn Humanities Forum Undergraduate Peripheries Research Fellows 4-2013 Tuzo Wilson in China: Tectonics, Diplomacy and Discipline During the Cold War William S. Kearney University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/uhf_2013 Part of the Geophysics and Seismology Commons, and the Tectonics and Structure Commons Kearney, William S., "Tuzo Wilson in China: Tectonics, Diplomacy and Discipline During the Cold War" (2013). Undergraduate Humanities Forum 2012-2013: Peripheries. 8. https://repository.upenn.edu/uhf_2013/8 This paper was part of the 2012-2013 Penn Humanities Forum on Peripheries. Find out more at http://www.phf.upenn.edu/annual-topics/peripheries. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/uhf_2013/8 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Tuzo Wilson in China: Tectonics, Diplomacy and Discipline During the Cold War Abstract Canadian geophysicist John Tuzo Wilson's transform fault concept was instrumental in unifying the various strands of evidence that together make up plate tectonic theory. Outside of his scientific esearr ch, Wilson was a tireless science administrator and promoter of international scientific cooperation. To that end, he travelled to China twice, once in 1958 as part of the International Geophysical Year and once again in 1971. Coming from a rare non-communist westerner in China both before and after the Cultural Revolution, Wilson's travels constitute valuable temporal and spatial cross-sections of China as that nation struggled to define itself in elationr to its past, to the Soviet Union which inspired its politics, and to the West through Wilson's new science of plate tectonics. -
History of Physics Newsletter Volume VII, No. 3, Aug. 1998 Forum Chair
History of Physics Newsletter Volume VII, No. 3, Aug. 1998 Forum Chair From the Editor Forum News APS & AIP News Book Review Reports Forum Chair Urges APS Centennial Participation The American Physical Society celebrates its 100th anniversary in Atlanta, Georgia, at an expanded six-day meeting from March 20-26, 1999, which will be jointly sponsored by the American Association of Physics Teachers. This will be the largest meeting of physicists ever held, and the APS Forum on the History of Physics will play a central role in making it a truly memorable event. The 20th century has been the Century of Physics. The startling discoveries of X-rays, radioactivity, and the electron at the end of the 19th century opened up vast new territories for exploration and analysis. Quantum theory and relativity theory, whose consequences are far from exhausted today, formed the bedrock for subsequent developments in atomic and molecular physics, nuclear and particle physics, solid state physics, and all other domains of physics, which shaped the world in which we live in times of both peace and war. A large historical wall chart exhibiting these developments, to which members of the Forum contributed their expertise, will be on display in Atlanta. Also on display will be the well-known Einstein exhibit prepared some years ago by the American Institute of Physics Center for History of Physics. Two program sessions arranged by the Forum at the Atlanta Centennial Meeting also will explore these historic 20th-century developments. The first, chaired by Ruth H. Howes (Ball State University), will consist of the following speakers and topics: John D. -
Carl Schmitt's Historicity Between Theology and Technology
Carl Schmitt’s Historicity between Theology and Technology Joshua Reinhold Smeltzer Department of Politics and International Studies University of Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Trinity Hall November 2019 To my loving parents, Penny and Rex Declaration I hereby declare that except where specific reference is made to the work of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have not been submitted in whole or in part for consideration for any other degree or qualification in this, or any other university. This dissertation is my own work and contains nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration with others, except as specified in the text and Acknowledgements. This dissertation contains fewer than 80,000 words including appendices, bibliography, and footnotes, and has fewer than 150 figures. Parts of this dissertation have been presented at: • ‘Carl Schmitt contra Natural Law,’ German Conservatism, Philosophical and Political, Post-1945, Institute of Philosophy, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (12.4.2019). • ‘A Return to Historicity as a Remedy to Crisis?’ Crisis and Renewal in the History of Political Thought, European Society for the History of Political Thought (11.10.2018). • ‘Utopia and Utopianism in the Political Thought of Carl Schmitt,’ Graduate Workshop in the History of Political Thought, University of Cambridge (29.5.2018). Parts of this dissertation have been published as: • Joshua Smeltzer, ‘Technology, Law, and Annihilation: Carl Schmitt’s Critique of Utopianism,’ Journal of the History of Ideas 81(1) (2020), 107-129. • Joshua Smeltzer, ‘On the Use and Abuse of Francisco de Vitoria: James Brown Scott and Carl Schmitt,’ Journal of the History of International Law 20 (2018), 345-372. -
SIXTY YEARS SINCE the FOUNDATION of the (STATE) INSTITUTE of GEOPHYSICS at the CHARLES UNIVERSITY in PRAGUE Prof. Alois Zátopek
SIXTY YEARS SINCE THE FOUNDATION OF THE (STATE) INSTITUTE OF GEOPHYSICS AT THE CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Prof. Alois Zátopek, Studia geoph. et geod. vol. 25, 1981 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of the present article is to give, on the occasion of this remarkable anniversary, a brief description of events associated with the relatively long history of geophysical research on the territory of Czechoslovakia, which resulted in the birth of the named institution and to revive its historical role played in the development of contemporary geophysics in our country. In the author's opinion the date of 29 December 1920, i.e. the day of the foundation of the Institute of Geophysics at the time-honoured Charles University by the Ministry of Education of the first Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938), decree No. 87.276/20, denotes one of the most significant days of this whole history, in which Professor Dr. Václav LÁSKA (1862-1943), who may well be designated as founder of modern geophysics in Czechoslovakia [1, 3], appears as the most outstanding personality. 2. PREHISTORY Though geophysics was declared an independent and autonomous discipline among the exact natural sciences only in the sixties of the 19th century, geophysical observations in our countries began much earlier [2]. It was in the Klementinum Astronomical Observatory of the Charles University in Prague (established 1751), that, apart from the astronomical programme, also systematic meteorological observations were initiated already in the course of the second half of the eighteenth century. Geomagnetic measurements were also started here some time later, and, in 1839, one of the oldest geomagnetic observatories in the world was put into operation by Carl KREIL (Director of the Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik in Vienna since 1851), who compiled the first geomagnetic maps of Bohemia and Moravia on the basis of his geomagnetic field measurements performed over this territory. -
Andrew Feenberg's Critical Theory of Technology
Technical politics Technical politics Andrew Feenberg’s critical theory of technology Graeme Kirkpatrick Manchester University Press Copyright © Graeme Kirkpatrick 2020 The right of Graeme Kirkpatrick to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This electronic version has been made freely available under a Creative Commons (CC- BY-NC- ND) licence, which permits non- commercial use, distribution and reproduction provided the author(s) and Manchester University Press are fully cited and no modifications or adaptations are made. Details of the licence can be viewed at https:// creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by- nc- nd/ 4.0/ Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing- in- Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 5261 0532 5 hardback ISBN 978 1 5261 0534 9 open access First published 2020 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third- party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Newgen Publishing UK Contents Acknowledgements vi Introduction: from critical theory to technical politics 1 1 Critical theory and technology 21 2 The theory of bias and the ethics of technology design 46 3 Technical politics 70 4 Aesthetic critique 96 5 From critique to utopia 122 Beyond critique: utopia 148 References 156 Index 161 v Acknowledgements I could not have written this book without the assistance of many people, principal among them Andrew Feenberg, who, ever since I first turned up on his doorstep in 2002, clutching an apple tart from one of the bakeries near his apartment in Paris, has been unstintingly generous with his time and unbelievably patient when listening to my criticisms of his ideas. -
VOLCANIC RESEARCH Recognizing Innovation Invitation for Nominations
VOL. 98 • NO. 12 • DEC 2017 Did Ancient Mayans Foresee Meteor Showers? Legacy of the 1992 Nicaragua Tsunami Earth & Space Science News A Grand Tour of Ocean Basins Drones Aid VOLCANIC RESEARCH Recognizing Innovation Invitation for Nominations Nominations open online until 31 December 2017 www.psipw.org e-mail: [email protected] PSIPW 8th Ad 8.375x10.875 inches_2 Final.indd 1 3/12/2017 10:00:07 AM Earth & Space Science News Contents DECEMBER 2017 PROJECT UPDATE VOLUME 98, ISSUE 12 22 A Grand Tour of the Ocean Basins A new teaching resource facilitates plate Recognizing Innovation tectonics studies using a virtual guided tour of ocean basins around the world. Invitation for Nominations PROJECT UPDATE 28 The Legacy of the 1992 Nicaragua Tsunami A powerful tsunami struck Nicaragua’s Pacific coast 25 years ago. In its wake emerged the first coordinated collaboration among international tsunami scientists. 16 OPINION COVER Three Steps to Successful Nominations open online 13Collaboration with Data Drone Peers into Open Volcanic Vents Scientists An unmanned aerial vehicle provided high-resolution data that allowed scientists to A step-by-step cartoon guide to efficient, until 31 December 2017 construct their first detailed map of erupting vents at Stromboli, one of the world’s effective collaboration between Earth most active volcanoes. scientists and data scientists. www.psipw.org e-mail: [email protected] Earth & Space Science News Eos.org // 1 PSIPW 8th Ad 8.375x10.875 inches_2 Final.indd 1 3/12/2017 10:00:07 AM Contents DEPARTMENTS Editor in Chief Barbara T. Richman: AGU, Washington, D. -
History of Geophysical Technology Through Advertisements in GEOPHYSICS
GEOPHYSICS, VOL. 50, NO. 12 (DECEMBER 1985); P. 2299-2408, 186 FIGS. History of geophysical technology through advertisements in GEOPHYSICS Robert E. Sheriff* Exploration geophysics has been largely a free-enterprise another photograph of the Sonograph Analyzer (Figure 7). venture and new developments have been "sold" through ad Rieber had two facing ads (the first such instance) in the vertisements in the journal GEOPHYSICS. Thus, a review of March 1937 issue (Figures 8a and 8b). Figure 8a announced advertisements provides an eclectic history of geophysics. the opening of a Houston office because "the Sonograph can The following is the view obtained from advertisements be extremely helpful in outlining complex structural con alone. The dates cited are usually when ads for innovations ditions occurring in the Gulf Coast region, due to fauIting and first appeared. New features often had been applied earlier, irregularities and sedimentation," and Figure 8b promised before they were advertised. that "structures which produced 'no reflections' by older methods are made to reveal themselves." THE EARLY YEARS: 1936-1945 "This new torsion balance is the smallest, lightest and fastest instrument on the market," an October 1936 ad (Figure Big advertisers in the early days were mainly suppliers of 9) touted; "fastest" meant several hours to a reading. DuPont expendables and equipment. I1Iustrations in volume 1 of GEO offered a free book on explosives and e1ectric blasting caps, PHYSICS, then published by the Society of Petroleum Geo including -
John Dewey As a Philosopher of Technology
4 John Dewey as a Philosopher of Technology Larry Hickman The reigning historian of the philosophy of technology, Carl Mitcham, has written that the first publication in the field was Friedrich Dessauer’s Philosophie der Technik, published in 1927.1 That year also marked the appearance of Martin Heidegger’s Sein und Zeit (Being and Time), which is widely accepted as the first major contribution to the field. Works on the subject by Ernst Ju¨nger in 1932 and by Jose´ Ortega y Gasset in 1939 quickly followed. Until recently, however, no one seemed to notice that American philosophy, or more specifi- cally classical American pragmatism, had also made a solid contribution to the field.2 I have argued that John Dewey’s treatments of education, aesthetics, social and political philosophy, logic, and the philosophy of nature should also be read as contributions to a cultural critique of technology.3 Some twenty years prior to the publication of the works of Dessauer and Heidegger, Dewey was already writing about a whole range of topics that today are considered central concerns within the philosophy of technology. Later, Dewey’s books Essays in Experimental Logic (1916), Experience and Nature (1925), and Art as Experience (1934) all contained incisive critiques of technological culture. To put this matter in perspective, it may help to recall that Dewey was born in 1859, the year of America’s first successful oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania, and the publication of Darwin’s Origin of Species. He died in 1952, the year of the first hydrogen bomb test and the first mass marketing of the birth control pill. -
Jürgen Habermas and Carl Schmitt in the Paradigm of Modernity for a Critique of the Modern Law
UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA – FACULDADE DE DIREITO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DIREITO – DOUTORADO ÁREA DE CONCENTRAÇÃO: CONSTITUIÇÃO E DEMOCRACIA Jürgen Habermas and Carl Schmitt in the paradigm of modernity For a critique of the modern law Orientador: Prof. Dr. Miroslav Milović Vanja Grujić Brasília, Setembro 2017 Dedicatória Gostaria de expressar a minha sincera gratidão à Universidade Nacional de Brasília e à Faculdade de Direito por me dar a honra e a oportunidade para defender a minha tese aqui. Também queria expressar minha apreciação ao meu professor Prof. Dr. Miroslav Milović. Você tem sido um inspirador mentor para mim. Gostaria de agradecer-lhe por encorajar minha pesquisa e por me permitir crescer na esfera acadêmica. Gostaria também de agradecer aos meus membros da comissão, a professora Rochelle Cysne Frota D'Abreu, ao professor Marcelo da Costa Pinto Neves, ao professor Paulo César Nascimento, e ao professor Juliano Zaiden Benvindo por servir como membros do meu comitê, mesmo em dificuldades. Além disso, gostaria de expressar o agradecimento aos funcionários da secretaria de pós-graduação da Faculdade de Direito por me ajudar sempre que necessário. Também, gostaria de agradecer a CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) para o financiamento do meu doutorado no Brasil, e para a oportunidade de fazer parte do programa doutorado sanduíche no exterior. Sem essas bolsas, meus estudos de doutorado não seriam possíveis. Sincera gratidão a todos os colegas e professores da Faculdade de Direito em Brasília. Ouvir suas ideias e comentários foi uma experiência incrível e aprendi muito com vocês. Por último, mas não menos importante, agradeço aos professores e colegas da ZERP (Zentrum für Europäische Rechtspolitik der Universität Bremen) por seus frutíferos comentários, palavras de encorajamento e amizade que certamente deixaram uma marca importante no meu trabalho. -
Technology Criticism and Data Literacy: the Case for an Augmented Understanding of Media Literacy
Journal of Media Literacy Education, 12(3), 6-16, 2020 https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE-2020-12-3-2 ISSN: 2167-8715 Technology criticism and data literacy: The case for an augmented understanding of media literacy Thomas Knaus Ludwigsburg University of Education & Centre for Educational OPEN ACCESS Technology (FTzM), Frankfurt/Main, Germany Peer-reviewed article Citation: Knaus, T. (2020). ABSTRACT Technology criticism and data literacy: The case for an augmented Reviewing the history of media literacy education might help us to identify understanding of media literacy. how creating media as an approach can contribute to fostering knowledge, Journal of Media Literacy Education, understanding technical issues, and to establishing a critical attitude towards 12(3), 6-16. technology and data. In a society where digital devices and services are https://doi.org/10.23860/JMLE-2020- omnipresent and decisions are increasingly based on data, critical analysis 12-3-2 must penetrate beyond the “outer shell” of machines – their interfaces – Corresponding Author: through the technology itself, and the data, and algorithms, which make these Thomas Knaus devices and services function. Because technology and data constitute the [email protected] basis of all communication and collaboration, media literate individuals must in the future also have a sound understanding of technology and data literacy. Copyright: © 2020 Author(s). This is an open access, peer-reviewed article This article examines the relevance of this broader definition of literacy and published by Bepress and distributed delivers a forward-looking defense of media literacy education in schools. It under the terms of the Creative also posits the thesis that the digital transformation represents a challenge, Commons Attribution License, which which is confronting society, politics, and education alike.