Inquiry Into and Report on All Aspects of the Conduct of the 2019 Federal
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• Have undercover areas outside polling booths for voters in times of wet or hot weather • Have sufficient area outside the polling booth where signage can be displayed without causing lack of traffic visibility and constrained passing foot traffic on foot paths • Remove pre-poll requirements i.e. No different status required for pre-poll voters • Remove ALL booth volunteers off the booths and have HTV cards displayed or made available for voters – inside booth area or inside the 6-meter exclusion zone • Impose a cap on signage per candidate. Some pre-poll booths were heavily impacted by excessive signage from some candidates/parties, leaving no room for others to display • AEC provide a COST V BENEFIT report on all pre-poll booths to stop unnecessary budget over-spend 2: ELECTRONIC ELECTORAL ROLLS In the 2016 Federal Election, over 18,000 voters voted more than once. Voters voted at one polling booth then repeated the process at other booths in the same electorate. The current system of paper-based electoral rolls is not inter- connected, so cross- checking between booths is not possible. These ‘multiple-voters’ are an example of fraud that takes advantage of the shortcomings of paper-based electoral rolls, rather than a memory lapse by ‘political-tragics’. The concern is that extra (fraudulent) votes affect outcomes in tight- run election races. While these repeat offenders have been asked to ‘please explain’ no-one has been prosecuted. “NSW, the most populous state, recorded 6760 instances of apparent multiple voting, compared with 4800 in Victoria and 2792 in Queensland. The Northern Territory recorded the fewest instances with 178. Despite nearly 8000 cases of suspected voting fraud at the 2013 federal election, “(2) If electoral offenses are not able to be punished, the practice will continue. Paper-based electoral rolls are compromised and replacement by electronic electoral online rolls is needed. The following recommendations are suggested to reduce the number of fraudulent voters • The implementation of an ONLINE interconnected NATIONAL ELECTRONIC ELECTORAL ROLL An online, interconnected national Electronic Electoral Roll for Federal Elections, and the equivalent in State Elections, that digitally marks the voter’s name off the roll when voting, will eliminate ‘multiple- voting- fraud’ 3: MANDATORY VOTER IDENTIFICATION TO REDUCE VOTER FRAUD No personal identification is required to vote in federal elections. This lack of identification has allowed voters to abuse the system by voting under another person’s name and address. After the 2016 federal election, 18,343 people were asked to explain why their name had been ticked off more than once. Despite the Australian Federal Police receiving 7743 allegations of voter fraud, only 65 were investigated and not one person was convicted. 3 Many establishments require identification to access their premises; sporting clubs, RSL clubs, nightclubs and surf clubs. Voting is one of the most important responsibilities of citizens. To ensure the system is not compromised by voter fraud, personal identification is an imperative. Naturally there has been some resistance from those arguing on behalf of minorities who may not be able to produce identification. Labor and the Greens head the pack of howlers about ‘disenfranchisement’ of marginalized people yet offer no alternative solution. Over the past 10 years, the issue of voter ID has been discussed, debated and deleted. (3,4) The Queensland State Government introduced voter identification in 2015. The system didn’t collapse; the process was simple and the negative impact on voter turnout was minimal at just 1.1%. If you live and vote in Queensland, an acceptable form of ID can be one of several documents, which every Australian of voting age, will hold. (5) A national voter ID card, however, with a unique voter-number (VN) could be issued and required when voting. • A “NO VN = NO VOTE” campaign to be run 12 months out from next Federal Election to allow voters to request or register for voter ID • Voters without a VN refused voting rights and their details recorded for follow-up It is suggested that Voter-identification in the form of a unique Voter Number (VN) should be a requirement of all future Federal Elections to ensure electoral-system security and integrity 4: ELECTRONIC ONLINE VOTING In the 18 May 2019 election, 830,000 Australian cast informal votes for the lower house, on paper-based ballot papers. (6) Online electronic voting would help reduce the number of informal votes through mandatory ‘fill-boxes’ similar to other online registration processes. The current model of paper-based ballot slips, manual scrutineering and counting of votes comes at a huge cost to taxpayers, is time consuming and it is subject to human error. There are many benefits for online/digital voting; • Decreased cost to taxpayers • Better access for people with disabilities • Reduced number of informal votes • Reduced human error in counting votes • Delivery of election results faster • Eliminating voter fraud thru electronic rolls and voter ID • Reducing the environmental impact of paper-based materials • To bring voting in line with other digital transactions • To run elections in times of national lock-downs due to health or security concerns The need for system safety and security of electronic elections is also important. In the digital world where personal banking, confidential communications, online education, share trading, international money transfers, management of 4 border security, international relations and other ‘sensitive’ activities are conducted online, encrypted online electronic voting is possible and preferable to the current paper-based, manual system. A Joint Standing Committee (JST) in 2014 noted the following benefits of online voting: • provision of a secret ballot for blind and low-vision voters • easier delivery of remote voting services and • secure ballot-handling The JST reported there were equal concerns surrounding costs, transparency, integrity and security with some believing if the ‘system isn’t broken, don’t try and fix IT’ (7). If it isn’t broken – questions should be asked why there are so many inconsistencies and cases of fraud? Secure and encrypted online electronic voting is possible and preferable to the current manual, paper-based process which is open to fraud and human error. 5: OPTIONAL PREFERENCTIAL VOTING In the May 2019 Federal Election, votes were only counted as ‘formal’ when they met AEC requirements. This meant marking EVERY box on the ballot slip, allocating preferences to candidates the voter would NOT ordinarily support. Numerically this advantages major parties where preference deals have been arranged - many without voter’s knowledge. An example is the consistent and regular 80% + preference flows from Greens candidates to Labor candidates. (Of lower impact, but still relevant, are preference flows from minor conservative candidates to major party candidates.) (8) There are three ways votes can be assessed. Each has advantages and disadvantages; however, one method is truly democratic and more accurately reflects voters’ intentions – i.e. Optional Preferential Voting (OPV). (9) The three options to access votes are: • One vote – one value. (first past the post regardless of 50% + majority) • Optional preferential voting (numbering 1 or more preferred candidates) • Mandatory preferential voting (numbering every candidate whether preferred or not) Mandatory Preferential Voting was the system of the House of Reps. In the May 2019 Federal Election where every square on ballot papers had to be filled to record a formal vote. “Full preferential voting sets a high bar for voters. Preferences must be expressed for all candidates, whether known or unknown. To have their first preference counted as formal, voters must distinguish between every candidate on the ballot paper, even between candidates equally disliked, as well as between every serial nutjob who has managed to get on the ballot paper. “(10) MPV has been in place since 1919 and has historically benefited the Liberals over Labor, however that changed in the 1980’s, with Labor benefiting from their close association with The Greens. Overall, optional preferential voting has a principled advantage over full preferential voting in cutting the informal rate, and in not forcing voters to express preferences they don’t have. 5 MPV have also been misused as a net-transfer of votes by ‘hostile preferencing’ against other parties and candidates in an act of virtue signaling, retaliation or as a way of addressing political grievances. While voters are reminded ‘preferences belong to them’ many still faithfully follow party HTV cards. MPV has often returned an ‘upset result’ in elections where the candidate with the most primary votes is defeated by collective coercion by others. A good example is the 2018 Wentworth by-election. Dave Sharma (Liberal) polled 43.08% of PV, Dr Kerryn Phelps (Independent) 29.19% PV. Kerryn Phelps won the seat on the back of preferences from Labor, the Greens and other ‘independents, yet Dave Sharma polled, by far, the most primary votes. (11) In the November 2017 Queensland State Election, preferencing by One Nation against sitting LNP members, resulted in a net-transfer of conservative votes across to Labor, assisting them (Labor) to win seats and form a majority government. Optional Preferential Voting will help reduce major party’s ability to ‘deal-out-of-the-electoral-process’ independent and minor-party candidates. It will also place democratic voter intentions back into the hands of voters themselves. 6: CHANGES TO CANDIDATES ‘HOW TO VOTE’ CARDS In the May 2019 Federal Election, candidate How-To-Vote (HTV) cards were NOT required to display the candidate names AND the party (or independence) they represented. Ballot Papers display these details at the polling booths. This inconsistency should be addressed to remove voter ‘accidental or deliberate confusion’. Volunteers and candidates handed out HTV cards in the May 2019 Federal Election, with ONLY their party (or independence from political parties) clearly marked, and all others listed with ‘name only’.