Betamax Beta Transfer to DVD Or Tape
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Order on Reconsideration and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
Federal Communications Commission FCC 13-84 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Closed Captioning of Internet Protocol-Delivered ) MB Docket No. 11-154 Video Programming: Implementation of the ) Twenty-First Century Communications and Video ) Accessibility Act of 2010 ) ORDER ON RECONSIDERATION AND FURTHER NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING Adopted: June 13, 2013 Released: June 14, 2013 Comment Date: (60 days after date of publication in the Federal Register) Reply Comment Date: (90 days after date of publication in the Federal Register) By the Commission: Commissioner Pai approving in part, concurring in part and issuing a statement. TABLE OF CONTENTS Heading Paragraph # I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 2 II. BACKGROUND.................................................................................................................................... 3 III. ORDER ON RECONSIDERATION ..................................................................................................... 5 A. Petition for Reconsideration of the Consumer Electronics Association .......................................... 5 1. Scope of the Apparatus Closed Captioning Rules..................................................................... 5 2. Application of the Apparatus Rules to Removable Media Players ......................................... 16 3. Application of the January 1, 2014 Deadline Only -
Will Sonyâ•Žs Fourth Playstation Lead to a Second Sony V. Universal?
WILL SONY’S FOURTH PLAYSTATION LEAD TO A SECOND SONY V. UNIVERSAL? † SETH ASCHER ABSTRACT Sony has included a “share” button on the next version of their popular PlayStation video game system. This feature is meant to allow players to record and share videos of their gameplay. This service shares similarities with the controversial “record” button that Sony included with its Betamax players over thirty years ago. The Betamax player was the subject of the landmark case Sony v. Universal, a foundational case for the modern application of copyright law to new technology. This Issue Brief examines how this “share” feature would fare under the framework laid out by Sony v. Universal and other evolutions in copyright law. INTRODUCTION On February 20, 2013, Sony announced their newest videogame system, predictably named the PlayStation 4.1 Chief among its new features is the share button displayed prominently on its controller.2 Microsoft’s newest offering also has a similar feature.3 Pressing the share button will allow a player to post images or videos of their gameplay to the internet, sharing them with their friends and complete strangers.4 The PlayStation 4 even buffers the last few minutes of gameplay so that a player can share their gameplay video after the fact.5 Sony’s intention is to provide an easy way for players to share images and videos online. Copyright © 2014 by Seth Ascher. † Duke University School of Law, J.D. 2014. 1 Video of the press announcement is available on numerous websites. E.g., Sony PlayStation 4 Press Conference, GAMESPOT (Feb. -
A Comparison of the US Supreme Court's <I
Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2006 Inducers and Authorisers: A Comparison of the US Supreme Court's Grokster Decision and the Australian Federal Court's KaZaa Ruling Jane C. Ginsburg Columbia Law School, [email protected] Sam Ricketson [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Jane C. Ginsburg & Sam Ricketson, Inducers and Authorisers: A Comparison of the US Supreme Court's Grokster Decision and the Australian Federal Court's KaZaa Ruling, MEDIA & ARTS LAW REVIEW, VOL. 11, P. 1, 2006; U OF MELBOURNE LEGAL STUDIES RESEARCH PAPER NO. 144; COLUMBIA PUBLIC LAW RESEARCH PAPER NO. 06-105 (2006). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/1401 This Working Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MELBOURNE LAW SCHOOL Legal Studies Research Paper Studies Paper No. 144 And COLUMBIA LAW SCHOOL Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series Paper No. 06-105 Inducers and Authorisers: A Comparison of the US Supreme Court’s Grokster Decision and the Australian Federal Court’s KaZaa Ruling PROFESSOR JANE GINSBURG COLUMBIA LAW SCHOOL -And- PROFESSOR SAM RICKETSON UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE This paper can be downloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network Electronic Library at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=888928. -
The Emergence of the Compact Disc Hans B
IEEE A Communications Previous Page | Contents | Zoom in | Zoom out | Front Cover | Search Issue | Next Page BEF MaGS HISTORY OF COMMUNICATIONS EDITED BY MISCHA SCHWARTZ INTRODUCTION BY EDITOR The article following on the history of the development of the development process, but of the pitfalls and difficulties encoun- CD, written especially for this column by one of the engineers tered and eventually overcome before the system could be who participated in the development effort, should be of interest deemed successful. As another reviewer noted, “ I also appreciat- to all readers of this magazine. As one of the reviewers of the ed the depiction of the human elements that are invariably part article noted, “CDs and successor optical discs are so much a of these projects,” in this case the initial naming of the project or part of our lives, it is fascinating to read about their genesis.” As the reasons for the choice of the final dimensions of the CD. The he goes on to note, “As an engineer, it is equally fascinating and ability of two major companies, Philips and Sony, from two dif- insightful to see how technologies which now seem so obvious ferent parts of the world, to collaborate and come up with such a and inevitable were once open to debate.” I venture to guess that successful product is another fascinating lesson taught by this this is true of almost all technologies, whether large systems or particular history. I suggest you read on to see all of this for your- devices within systems. This is what makes reading about the his- self. -
Digital Video Camera Recorder
3-066-521-12 (1) Digital Video Camera Recorder Operating Instructions Before operating the unit, please read this manual thoroughly, and retain it for future reference. Owner’s Record The model and serial numbers are located on the bottom. Record the serial number in the space provided below. Refer to these numbers whenever you call upon your Sony dealer regarding this product. Model No. DCR-TRV Model No. AC- Serial No. Serial No. TM SERIES DCR-TRV830 DCR-TRV730/TRV828/TRV830 ©2001 Sony Corporation Welcome! Congratulations on your purchase of this Sony Digital Handycam camcorder. With your Digital Handycam, you can capture life’s precious moments with superior picture and sound quality. Your Digital Handycam is loaded with advanced features, but at the same time it is very easy to use. You will soon be producing home video that you can enjoy for years to come. WARNING For the customers in the U.S.A. and CANADA To prevent fire or shock hazard, do DISPOSAL OF LITHIUM ION not expose the unit to rain or BATTERY. moisture. LITHIUM ION BATTERY. DISPOSE OF PROPERLY. You can return your unwanted lithium ion batteries to your nearest Sony Service Center or Factory Service Center. Note: In some areas the disposal of lithium ion batteries in household or business trash may be prohibited. For the Sony Service Center nearest you call 1-800-222-SONY (United States only) For the Sony Factory Service Center nearest you call 416-499-SONY (Canada only) Caution: Do not handle damaged or leaking lithium ion battery. This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence For customers in the U.S.A. -
Sony Corporation
SONY CORPORATION GRIFFIN CONSULTING GROUP Hao Tang Rahul Misra Ellie Shanholt April 2012 CONTENTS Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 3 Company Overview and History .............................................................................................. 4 Financial Analysis ........................................................................................................................ 6 Liquidity .................................................................................................................................... 6 Profitability ............................................................................................................................... 7 Operating Efficiency ................................................................................................................ 9 Stock Performance ................................................................................................................... 9 Segments and Locations ........................................................................................................ 12 Competitive Analysis ................................................................................................................ 14 Internal Rivalry: ..................................................................................................................... 14 Entry ........................................................................................................................................ -
Videotape and Home Movie Day
Videotape and Home Movie Day Incorporating video into a Home Movie Day event presents a host with technological and curatorial challenges. You’ll need to bring even more equipment including numerous decks, cables galore, and something to show tapes on, either a video projector or a large enough monitor. Since videotapes can go on for hours, you’ll need to set time limits in advance so no one person takes up more time than other attendees. But with a little planning you can easily be showing families’ histories recorded on tape alongside those on good ol’ small gauge film. Equipment Needs There is a daunting number of consumer-level videotape and optical video formats. But just as you can't expect to have a projector for every film format, you shouldn't expect to support every video format. In our experience, the most popular formats are VHS and Video8. DVD is also common format for people bringing in already-transferred home movies. You’ll need to balance your expectations of what video formats your particular audience will be bringing in with how much effort it will be to bring in a particular format. Other video formats to consider include, but are not limited to, Hi8, Digital8, Betamax, DV, SHS, and VHS-C. And don’t forget the difference between PAL, NTSC, and SECAM. Also, don’t forget to have enough cords and adapters to connect video decks to the monitor/projector. Depending on how many decks you are bringing to your HMD event, you might want to consider getting a video switcher. -
VHS and VCR (Edited from Wikipedia)
VHS And VCR (Edited from Wikipedia) SUMMARY A videocassette recorder, VCR, or video recorder is an electromechanical device that records analog audio and analog video from broadcast television or other source on a removable, magnetic tape videocassette, and can play back the recording. Use of a VCR to record a television program to play back at a more convenient time is commonly referred to as timeshifting. VCRs can also play back prerecorded tapes. In the 1980s and 1990s, prerecorded videotapes were widely available for purchase and rental, and blank tapes were sold to make recordings. Most domestic VCRs are equipped with a television broadcast receiver (tuner) for TV reception, and a programmable clock (timer) for unattended recording of a television channel from a start time to an end time specified by the user. These features began as simple mechanical counter-based single-event timers, but were later replaced by more flexible multiple-event digital clock timers. In later models the multiple timer events could be programmed through a menu interface displayed on the playback TV screen ("on-screen display" or OSD). This feature allowed several programs to be recorded at different times without further user intervention, and became a major selling point. The Video Home System (VHS) is a standard for consumer-level analog video recording on tape cassettes. Developed by Victor Company of Japan (JVC) in the early 1970s, it was released in Japan in late 1976 and in the United States in early 1977. From the 1950s, magnetic tape video recording became a major contributor to the television industry, via the first commercialized video tape recorders (VTRs). -
The Expanding Role and Importance of Standards in the Information and Communications Technology Industry
DEVELOPMENTS THE EXPANDING ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDS IN THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY Brad Biddle, Frank X. Curci, Timothy F. Haslach, Gary E. Marchant, Andrew Askland, and Lyn Gaudet* ABSTRACT: Standards play a particularly critical role in the information and com- munications technology (ICT) industry: they facilitate important interoperability goals. Standards development processes in the ICT industry are extraordinarily complex, and many aspects of these processes are not well understood. Inspired by discussions at a workshop that included leading practitioners, academics, and policymakers specializing in standards, the authors identify factors that explain both the growing importance and the growing complexity of standards in the ICT industry. The authors provide a frame- work for understanding how standards development efforts are structured, with a particular focus on the more informal specification development groups known as Consortia. The authors also explore two particular challenges in standard setting: the development of intellectual property policies that adequately balance different stake- holder interests, and the potential for ethical conflict issues. CITATION: Brad Biddle, Frank X. Curci, Timothy Haslach, Gary E. Marchant, Andrew Askland, and Lyn Gaudet, The Expanding Role and Importance of Standards in the Information and Communications Technology Industry, 52 Jurimetrics J. 177–208 (2012). WINTER 2012 177 Biddle et al. Standards adopted by various types of private and quasi-governmental standards-setting organizations (SSOs) play a critical and growing role in the development and commercialization of many technologies.1 No industry is more dependent upon and affected by such standards than the information and communications technology (ICT) industry, which encompasses computer, telecommunication, and personal entertainment technologies and products. -
Betamax Bottom: VHS Alysia Derry-Chavez 29
Derry-Chavez 1 Alysia Derry-Chavez 29 September 2013 Format Wars: How Social Change Effected How We Watch Movies at Home According to Judy Wajcman in her article Addressing Technological Change: The Challenge to Social Theory, “technological change is itself shaped by the social circumstance within which it takes place”. This is the belief of a theory known as STS or the social studies of science and technology, which was developed in the 1970s. Wajcman goes on to explain that the technological artifacts are socially shaped in their usage, design, and technical content and “will triumph over competitors because it is intrinsically the best”. Technologically is then a socio technical product that is “patterned by the conditions of its creation and use” Top: Betamax Bottom: VHS (Wajcman, 107). With this in mind, it is easy to see that this theory has been proven through several format wars that have taken place over the years. The Betamax, marketed by Sony, was one side of a format war that started in the late 1970s. Betamax competed against the VHS, or Video Home System, for consumer support. While the Betamax was technologically superior in most ways, including higher definition video quality, VHS ended up winning societies support. According to Brad Williams, Sony’s biggest mistake lied in their advertisements. Sony made sure to let the public know about Betamax’s technical superiority in their commercials. In one commercial from 1983 the viewer is given several details of the product including “high-writing speed”, “convenient front-loading”, and “programmability”. Afterwards the viewer is told they are speaking about the Sony Betamax. -
Color Handout
Caring for Audiovisual Material: Webinar 10/23/13 3 Videotape and Optical Media Identification and Preservation Webinar October 23, 2013 Linda Tadic Audiovisual Archive Network [email protected] 1 What Will be Covered Physical properties of media Preservation issues Formats and identification 2 Heritage Preservation: Caring for Yesterday's Treasures--Today 1 Caring for Audiovisual Material: Webinar 10/23/13 3 What Will Not be Covered Digitization (that’s the webinar on October 30) Cataloging and metadata 3 Additional Resources Bibliography of web-based readings Archival video preservation labs vendor list (USA) List of current video formats 4 Heritage Preservation: Caring for Yesterday's Treasures--Today 2 Caring for Audiovisual Material: Webinar 10/23/13 3 VIDEO 5 Videotape in Brief If it has sprockets, it’s film – not video. 6 Heritage Preservation: Caring for Yesterday's Treasures--Today 3 Caring for Audiovisual Material: Webinar 10/23/13 3 Videotape in Brief Like audiotape, videotape is magnetic media. Video can come in reel or cassette form – like audiotape. It can carry both analog and digital signals – like audiotape. 7 Primary Concerns Multitude of formats (identification can be difficult) Format obsolescence Short Life Expectancy (LE) Environmental, organic, and human factors contributing to signal degradation 8 Heritage Preservation: Caring for Yesterday's Treasures--Today 4 Caring for Audiovisual Material: Webinar 10/23/13 3 How Videotape Started Thank Bing Crosby. First funded development of audiotape. In 1950 gave $50,000 to a start-up called Ampex to develop magnetic videotape. 9 How Videotape Started Original market/users: broadcasting Like other time-based media, formats for the consumer market quickly followed. -
DV-Wizard Pro Specifications
6 DV-Wizard Pro Specifications With DV-Wizard you can: l Connect your DV camcorder to your PC through IEEE 1394 (Firewire) l Convert DV Movies into compressed MPEG 1 & 2 (up to 100:1) to use less hard disk space l Edit Dv Movies, add voice narration, CD music or MP3 audio clips l Capture and edit DV movies and burn them onto CD l Output edited videos and record them back to DV tape l Compatible with Windows 98SE / ME / 2000 DV-Wizard Pro, is a single slot PCI card with three IEEE 1394 (Firewire) connectors to attach to the new generation of high-resolution digital video (DV) camcorders. With DV-Wizard you can edit your DV movies on your PC, add professional style effects and add voice narration such as adding your favourite CD songs or insert MP3 audio clips and add titles and burn your video production on to a CD-ROM to playback on home DVD players, or send your complete video production back to video tape. You can convert your existing home videos into compressed MPEG 1 & 2. With DV-Wizard Pro you can connect your DV camcorder to capture MPEG movies The DV-Wizard consists of three IEEE 1394 (Firewire) connectors to attach to the new generation of high-resolution digital video (DV) camcorders. With DV-Wizard Pro you can edit your DV movies on your PC, add professional style effects with our award winning editor. Send your complete production back to video tape (note: your camcorder will need to be DV-in enabled to output back to DV tape).