One New Species and One Newly Recorded Species of Cyllodes Erichson from China (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Nitidulinae)
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Zootaxa 4079 (3): 345–356 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4079.3.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:300B9A6C-F5FF-43A4-A8D2-82C9646F367D One new species and one newly recorded species of Cyllodes Erichson from China (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Nitidulinae) MEIKE LIU1, XINGKE YANG2 & MIN HUANG1,3 1Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China 2Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract One new species, Cyllodes quinquemaculatus Liu, Yang & Huang, sp. nov., one newly recorded species, Cyllodes accen- tus Kirejtshuk, 1985, from China and one previously known species, Cyllodes bifascies (Walker, 1859), are described. Photos of their habitus, antenna, mouthparts, and genitalia are provided. A species checklist of Cyllodes from China is presented. Key words: Polyphaga, Cucujoidea, taxonomy, morphology, sap beetles Introduction The genus Cyllodes Erichson, 1843 belongs to the subfamily Nitidulinae of the family Nitidulidae. Herbst (1792) erected the genus Strongylus for his species Strongylus ater Herbst, 1792. However, Erichson (1843) noted the existence of Strongylus Müller, 1780 and proposed the name Cyllodes Erichson, 1843 to replace Strongylus Herbst, 1792. Sharp (1891) erected Mecyllodes based on the characters of the spacing between meso- and metacoxae and the posterior edge of metaventrite, which differs from the genus Cyllodes. However, Kirejtshuk (2008) considered that these differences were not sufficient to establish a new genus, therefore he treated Mecyllodes as a synonym of Cyllodes and synonymized the species Mecyllodes nigropictus Sharp, 1891 with Cyllodes jucundus Reitter, 1873. In addition, Grouvelle (1892, 1897, 1908, 1914), Nakane & Hisamatsu (1955), Kirejtshuk (1985, 1987, 1990, 2005), and Cline & Skelley (2013) described a large number of new species in the genus Cyllodes. Moreover, Kirejtshuk (1992, 2008) and Jelínek & Audisio (2009) proposed some specific synonymies in this genus. Insects of the genus Cyllodes are mycophagous. Cyllodes indicus Grouvelle, 1894 has been reported on oyster mushrooms from India (Shivaramu et al. 1993). In Gironde, France, Cyllodes ater (Herbst, 1792) has been found on an oak cortical fungus Polyporus on the Leyre river bank (Thomas 2007). In Guangxi Province of China, Cyllodes bifascies (Walker, 1859) has been identified as an important pest on oyster mushroom. The genus Cyllodes has about 60 known species worldwide, in which eight were previously known from China. Herein, three species are studied, of which one new species is described, one is newly recorded for China and one previously known species is redescribed. A species checklist of the genus Cyllodes from China is presented. Materials and methods Examined specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (IZAS) and the Entomological Museum of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU). All measurements were made under an Olympus SZX10 microscope. Photos were made by Leica ZOOM 2000 microscope with an O-image CCD. Accepted by M. Gimmel: 12 Jan. 2016; published: 12 Feb. 2016 345 Taxonomy Cyllodes Erichson, 1843 Cyllodes Erichson 1843: 342; Kirejtshuk 2008: 118 (Type species: Strongylus ater Herbst, 1792). Strongylus Herbst 1792: 179 (Type species: Strongylus ater Herbst, 1792). Mecyllodes Sharp 1891: 357 (Type species: Mecyllodes clavicornis Sharp, 1891). Pseudocamptodes Grouvelle 1896: 76 (Type species: Pseudocamptodes africanus Grouvelle, 1896). Description. Body highly convex dorsally. Dorsal surface smooth and glabrous. Head moderately transverse with surface punctate. Antennae 11-segmented with 3- or 4-segmented loose club. Scape expanded. Pedicel small, shorter than antennomere 3. Antennal grooves distinct, convergent. Labrum short with anterior margin broadly concave with an abbreviated medial notch. Apical edge of mandibles dentate; molar region with large transverse ridges; prostheca with setal brush. Maxillary palpi with three segments, terminal segment elongate and somewhat conical. Labial palpi with terminal segment barrel-shaped. Mentum broad with minute punctures along lateral and posterior margins. Pronotum somewhat transverse, highly convex. Anterior angles evenly rounded; posterior angles rounded to projecting. Anterior margin with deep trapezoidal notch in medial region; lateral margins evenly arcuate to posterior angles; posterior margin almost straight, slightly expanded in medial region. Posterior prosternal wall present and prosternum not prolonged at apex. Mesoventrite oblique and carinate, usually concealed by the meeting of the pro- and metaventrite. Axillary sclerites present on mesoventrite. Metaventrite protuberant, widely separating the middle coxae. Elytral apices rounded separately with well-developed punctate striae. Scutellar shield large and obvious, presenting three kinds of shapes: semicircular, inverted-trapezoidal, subtriangular. Femora enlarged, almost 1.5–2.5 times as wide as corresponding tibiae. Outer apical angle of tibia acute but not spiniform; meso- and metatibia without sublateral line of setae. Anterior tarsi moderately, middle feebly dilated. Tarsomeres 1–3 bilobed and dilated with dense setal pads of ventrally short setae and longer lateral setae. Axillary space present. Claws simple. Male genitalia well sclerotized. Tegmen with an unpaired long lobe ventrally, shallowly excised at apex. Female genitalia with gonocoxites long and apically fused along midline and broadened basally. Styli absent. The genus Cyllodes is similar to the genera Neopallodes Reitter, 1884 and Viettherchnus Kirejtshuk, 1985. From Neopallodes, as well as from most other genera of Cyllodini, Cyllodes differs in having three basal tarsomeres of posterior tarsi dilated to bilobed and dorsoventrally depressed. Viettherchnus differs from Cyllodes in having a modified head capsule and mandibles. Checklist of known species of the genus Cyllodes from China 1. Cyllodes bifascies (Walker, 1859) Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan), Russian Far East, Japan, Korea. 2. Cyllodes literatus (Reitter, 1878) Distribution: China (Taiwan), Japan. 3. Cyllodes tigrinus Grouvelle, 1914 Distribution: China (Taiwan). 4. Cyllodes multimaculatus Grouvelle, 1914 Distribution: China (Taiwan). 5. Cyllodes punctidorsum Nakane & Hisamatsu, 1955 Distribution: China (Sichuan, Shaanxi), Japan. 6. Cyllodes nakanei Hisamatsu, 1961 Distribution: China (Taiwan), Japan. 7. Cyllodes accentus Kirejtshuk, 1985 Distribution: China (Yunnan) new record, Vietnam. 8. Cyllodes pseudoliteratus Kirejtshuk, 2005 Distribution: China (Taiwan). 346 · Zootaxa 4079 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press LIU ET AL. 9. Cyllodes scriptum Kirejtshuk, 2005 Distribution: China (Taiwan). 10. Cyllodes quinquemaculatus Liu, Yang & Huang, sp. nov. Distribution: China (Yunnan). Cyllodes bifascies (Walker, 1859) (Figs. 1–8) Tritoma bifascies Walker 1859: 259. Chilocorus opponens Walker 1859: 219. Camptodes ornatus Motschulsky 1863: 442. Strongylus notatus Reitter 1873: 129. Strongylus binotatus Reitter 1879: 217. Strongylus dorsalis Reitter 1884: 268. Cyllodes bifascies: Kirejtshuk 1992: 199. Description. Length 3.2 mm, width 2.4 mm. Body black with reddish-orange spots on lateral posterior region of pronotum and elytra. Surface sculptured on dorsum consisting of minute punctures with microrecticulate interspaces between punctures. Dorsum without setae, entire surface glossy and shining, only pygidium finely pubescent (Figs. 1, 2). FIGURES 1–2. Cyllodes bifascies (Walker): 1. Male habitus, dorsal view; 2. Male habitus, ventral view. Scale bar = 0.50 mm. Head with anterior half black and posterior half reddish-orange. Surface punctures irregular, circular or crescent shaped, about 1.5× eye facet width in diameter, approximately 1.5–2.0 puncture diameters apart. Eyes prominent, finely faceted, interfacetal setae absent. Antennal grooves distinctly margined and slightly convergent posteriorly, the smallest distance between them about 1.5× width of mentum. Antenna with funicle yellow and 3- segmented club black, apex of terminal segment yellow. Club about 0.7× length of 1–8 combined segments. Terminal antennomere shorter than other two combined segments. Scape about 2.0 times longer than pedicel. Pedicel small, barrel-shaped, about 0.6× as long as segment 3 (Fig. 3). Apical edge of mandibles with five teeth; molar region with large transverse ridges; prostheca with dense setal brush (Fig. 4). Terminal segment of maxillary CYLLODES (NITIDULIDAE) FROM CHINA Zootaxa 4079 (3) © 2016 Magnolia Press · 347 palpi elongate, slightly expanded along middle region, longer than 1–2 combined segments; lacinia with long dense brown setal brush apically and anterior half of lateral region (Fig. 5). Terminal segment of labial palpi slightly longer than wide, slightly narrowed apically, nearly conical. Mentum subpentagonal and angulate at medial anterior margin, with minute punctures, interspaces between the punctures smooth. FIGURES 3–5. Cyllodes bifascies (Walker): 3. Right antenna; 4. Right mandible; 5. Right maxilla. Scale bar = 0.20 mm. Pronotum somewhat transverse (L:W = 1.0:2.6), widest near posterior