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JENNITE, a NEW MINERAL Abcqnpbnrort, Department Oj THE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL. 51, JANUARY FEBRUARY, 1966 JENNITE, A NEW MINERAL A. B. C.q.npBNrort,Department oJ Geology' Uni,tters'ity of Missouri,Columbia, Missowri; R. A. Cu.q'mons,J' A' Genl, K. Spnexu.q'NAND H. F. W. Tavron, Department of Chemistry, Ltniaersityof Aberdeen,Scotland,. Aesrnact of approrimate composition Jennite is a neu' mineraL from Crestmore, California, NazCaiSi;O:oHn.Itistriclinic,witho:10.56,b:725,c:108i A,a:99"42',8:97o40', y:110o04,, Z:1.It forms blade-shaped crystals I'ith length 6 and cleavage (001). The -74'; refractive indices are q:7.552, 9:1.564, t:l'571; 2V (calc.): aA(001):90', discovererof the mineral. INtnoouctroN The contact rocks at Crestmore, California were first describedb1' Eakle (1917). Man1, subsequentinvestigations on them have been re- ported; Murdoch (1961)has given a recent survey''Ihe object of the presentpaper is to describea nelv mineral found at this locality by Col- at the onel C. M. Jenni, who is now director of the geologicalmuseum university of \Iissouri. The chemicalcomposition, f-ray powder pattern, and other data for this mineral show that it is a new species,and the name jennite is proposedin honor of its discoverer. Occunnoxco open spacesin Jennite occurs as a late-stagemineral partially filling f ractured calcite-monticellite-hercyniteand vesuvianite-lvollastonite contact rock at Crestmore.The monticellite has been altered to serpen- tine plus calcitefor five or more centimeterson either sideof the fractures although the rvollastonitein the vesuvianite-wollastoniterock has been and is unaff".t"d. Jennite is alwal-s associatedwith 14 A tobermorite occasionallyfound with scawtiteand calcite.Scawtite and calciteare the earliestminerals in the fractures and may be encrustedby 14 A tober- morite, jennite or both. Scawtitecrvstals in jennite-bearingfractures are unaltered rn'hereasthe calcite is slightly etched and corroded. The jennite studied in the presentinvestigation formed part of a vein TENNITE, A NEW SILICATE 57 about 1 cm thick, having a central cavity. The vein consistedof several 1a1'ers,some of which were composedof calcite, and others of white, librous material. Representativefibers from each raver were examined by r-ray- rotation photographs.In some of the layers the jennite was intergrown with 14 A tobermorite, but in others it was free from other minerals.Some 200 mg were selectedfor use in the investisation. Prism o.A. Frc 1. Optic orientation for jennite: crystal viewed along a direction normal to the cleavase. Oprrcar PnopBnrrns Jennite forms small blade-shapedcrystals or fibrous aggregates.It is biaxialnegative, with a:1.552, B:1.564, 7:1.571, all +0.003; 2V (calc.):74'. Fig. 1 showsthe optic orientation.X is perpendicularto the cleavage,and Y makesan angleof 35-40' with the directionof eiongation of the blade. crystals lying on the cleavageshow inclined extinction; when the bladesare lying on edge,thev show parallel extinction. These resultsshow that the symmetrv is not higher than monoclinic;the r-ray evidence,described in the next section, indicates that the mineral is triclinic. 58 CARPENTER,CHALMT,RS, GARI), SPLAKMAN AND TAYLOR Uwrr CBrr, lNo X-R,q.v PowoBn D.qrA' The unit cell was determined from r-ray rotation' oscillation and Weissenbergphotographs about the direction of elongation,which will be called 6. It is triclinic. The parametersof the direct and reciprocal cells are siven below: Direct cell Reciprocalcell o 10.56A a* 0.10309A-1 b 72sA b* 0.15095A-t c 10814 c* 0.09597A-1 a 99"421 q* 76"M' p 97'40', B* 78"00' a tt0"04' r* 68"00' v 748.9A3 v* 0.001335A-3 The cleavageis (001). Reflectionshaving odd valttesof k are system- aticalh'weak: the pseudo cell obtained bv ignoring them is A-centered monoclinic,u'irh a q.q17,b 3.624,c 21.306A, B t0z'00' (door:20.858A). The o* and c* reciprocalaxes coincide in directionin the true and pseudo celis,and are normal to the direction of elongation.The triclinic 020 re- ciprocal lattice point coincideswith the 111 reciprocallattice point for the monoclinicpseudo ceil. If all three axesof the pseudocell are doubled, all reflectionscan be indexedon monoclinicaxes;however, the reciprocal lattice has monoclinic symmetry only as regalds reflections with fr even' It the doubled monoclinic axes are used, systematic absencesoccur among leflections with ft odd such that whenever hkl is ptesent, hhl is absent,and vice versa. No deviationsfrom 90" in the values of a and'y for this cell could be detected.These relationships, which are illustrated for the direct cell in Fig. 2, are similar to thosefound with nekoite (Gard and Taylor, 1956). X-ray powder data (Table 1) were obtained using 6-cm and 11.46-cm diameter cameras and rvith a diffractometer. Filtered copper radiation (\:1.542 A) *ur rLsedthroughout. Spacings longcr than 1.8A werein- dexed, chieflr. b1' direct comparison of 6 cm powder photographs with oscillation and rotation photographs taken on the same cameral due accountrvas taken of intensitiesas well as of spacings.In the caseof re- flectionsrvith fr odd, calculatedspacings are listed only for d>3.500 A; reflections of this t.vpe and shorter spacing were extremell' weak on single-crystalphotographs and undetectedon powder photographs' CnBurc.lr, AN,Llvsrs, DeNsrrv ANDAroMrc Carr, CoNrBNrs 'Ihe A chemicalanalvsis gave the resultsshown in Table 2, column 1. density, determinedb-v suspension, lvas 2.32 g/cc. A value was also cal- culated from the mean refractive index usir-rgthe Lorentz-Lotenz eqva' I]JNNITD, A NEW SILICATE 59 tion, assumingatomic r-efractionsCa: Na: 3.25, O: 3.65, H: Si:0 (Howison and Tavlor, 1956); this gave2.3I g/cc. The atomic cell con_ tents (Table 2, col.2) were calcuiatedfrom the chemicaianalysis assum- ing a density oI 2.32 g/cc and the cell vorume or 74g.9Ar obiaineclfrom the *-raf investigation.on the basisof the thermal decompositionstudy 1 o Jo" lbr I , I t I 6.:-:,- \q 6S' _:' \" 112cu (zt :oo 8) values of fr are ignored. describedlater, it was assumedthat all the 'rvaterwas combined.The formula approximatesto NazcaeSi5o36H22,withz:1 for the triclinic cell. TuBnlr,q,r D rcolrpo srrtor.r A thermal r,veightloss curve (Fig. 38, curve 1) was determined by heating a sample to constant weight at successivelyhigher temperatures in nitrogen. Periodsof a few days were neededat each temperature to reach constant weight, and the complete run took several weeks.The samplewas heatedin a platinum microboat which was placed in a silica tube furnace. The latter was filled with dry, COz-freeNz before each heating period. During heating, one end of the furnace was closedand. 60 CARPENTER, CHALMI'RS, GARD, SPLAK],TAN AND TAYLOR Taer.a 1. X-R,lv Pomnn Date lon JrNNtrr (CuKa Radiation, 1'542 A) Observed Calculated Indices spacrng hhl2 d (A) Iretl d (A) 10.5 001 t0 420 100 9 700 101 7 975 110 6.780 010 6 625 646 101 6 462 011 6 283 595 111 5 932 It I 5.463 5.20 002 5.210 011 5 .086 102 5 048 2r0 4 881 200 4 850 20I 1.795 rt1 4.79s m/b I \rto 4 71r 012 4 648 448 211. 4.489 2rl 4 -354 172 4 324 102 4 237 201 4 084 112 4 071 202 3.987 1),2 3 963 1il 3 921 012 3 703 212 T2o,lt| 3 570 103 3 510 347 003 3 473 02r,220 3 390 lo2o,2rr 3.29 ms/b l3oI 3.288 300 3 233 202 3 231 3. 19 721,122 3 213 203 3.151 022,22r 3.142 1s:strong, m:moderate(ly), w:weak, v:very, b:broad. The five stlongestspacings are in bold type. :Indicesrelatetothetricliniccellwitha10.56,bT25,clO8lA.aggo42',897040',,110"04'Allspacings longer than 3.500 A, and all spacings with even i indices and longer than I 800 A, are listed The matrix for transforming the indices to the large, monoclinic cell (a 19.83+,b 7.248, c 42.612A, B 102'00',) is Il21o/o1o /0141]. J]'NNITIJ, A NEW SILICATD Tl.nrr. l-(continued) Observed Calculated Indices spacrng I hhtz d r.\\ I.erl d (A) 103 3 074 304 302 3 046 021,222 2 966 2.92 {t21,s2o 2 926 [301 2 921 2.43 120,321 2 828 2i8 122,321 2 806 I22, 123 2 735 023,222 2 731 2.66 /:os 2 658 261 \ ro+ 2 658 004 2 605 20s 2 581 r21,,322 2 567 022,223 2-543 123,322 2.535 201 2 521 302 2.522 401 2 179 221, 420 2 410 2.43 400 2 .425 210 102 2 398 222,42L 2.397 10,1 2 394 220,42r 2.355 02!l,223 2 324 123,121 2.301 304 2 27s 401 2.261 122,323 2 254 223,422 2 245 121,323 2 221 403 2 216 22r,422 2.t77 023,224 2 162 303 2 154 105 2.t31 204 2 1r9 Joos 2 084 l2o5 2 078 402 2.O42 321,520 2.O40 224,423 2 035 322, 52r 2.032 401 r.994 Is01 1 983 1205,224 1.981 [320,s?1 1,974 222,+23 1.960 123,324 1.960 CARPENTER, CHALMERS, GARD, SPEAKMAN AND TAYLOR T.trr,B 1 (continued) Calculated Indices spacrng hkl2 d (A) d (A) 502 1.956 1 957 mw 105 1.956 323,522 1 951 1 946 MW t24,r25 1 951 500 1.940 r25,324 1 931 503 1.867 321,522 I 8.52 024,225 1.851 304 1.849 501 I .840 321,523 t.822 403 1.819 225,+21 | 817 241 1.812 1 683 mlv 7.637 1 610 1.58 vw/b t.52I L.486 t .455 | 413 1.393 I 365 I 331 r.312 r.266 r.2t1 1.177 1.173 1.155 t.r14 the other connected to two absorption tubes containing standard Ba(OH), solution.
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