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Samisk Arkitekturprägel I Teori Och Gestaltning

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Samisk Arkitekturprägel I Teori Och Gestaltning Samisk arkitekturprägel i teori och gestaltning Johanna Minde Arkitektur, kandidat 2018 Luleå tekniska universitet Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser SAMISK ARKITEKTURPRÄGEL I TEORI OCH GESTALTNING Vad anses ge samisk arkitekturprägel till en modern byggnad? SAMISK ARKITEKTURPRÄGEL I TEORI OCH GESTALTNING JOHANNA MINDE © Johanna Minde, 2018 Examinator: Jennie Sjöholm Handledare: Hans Walloschke Extern handledare: Ulla Alberts, Murman Arkitekter Examensarbete, 15 hp Teknologie Kandidat Arkitektur 180 hp Insitutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser Avdelningen för arkitektur och vatten Luleå tekniska universitet I Förord Som ingenjörsstudent inom arkitektur var medverkan i ett pågående projekt i Sápmi. Du har valet av ämne “samisk arkitekturprägel av en genom arbetets gång visat stort engagemang modern byggnad” inte självklar. Jag vill därför runt samisk arkitekturprägel, samt kommit med tacka professor Kristina Nilsson vid Luleå tekniska många råd och tips till gestaltnings-arbetet. universitet för att du såg mina möjligheter och Ett tack riktas även till medverkande arkitekter stöttade mig att göra kandidatarbetet om arkitektur Hans Murman, Lars Sundström och Joar i Sápmi. Kandidatarbetet omfattas av femton hög- Nango för att ni tagit er tid till arbetet och skolepoäng och ges inom institutionen för samhälls- delat med er av era tankar runt arkitekturen i byggnad och naturresurser vid Luleå tekniska Sápmi, samt till alla som svarat på frågor under universitet. Denna rapport innehåller en studie kandidatarbetets gång. och ett gestaltnings-förlopp. Med bakgrund i det samiska hantverket duodji och ingenjörsstudier inom arkitektur fanns innan projekttidens start både kulturförståelse och akademiska grundförutsättningar för arbetet. Luleå, april 2018. Frågeställningarna, på vilket arbetet byggs är på Johanna Minde många sätt personliga tankar som lyfts in i ett större sammanhang. Ett tack ges till handledare Hans Walloschke, lektor vid Luleå tekniska universitet. Jag vill också tacka handledare Ulla Alberts, arkitekt och VD på Murman Arkitekter, som gett möjlighet till II Sammanfattning Behov av byggnader med konstnärlig ambition grund berör påståendet; genom att förstå använts för att uttrycka samisk arkitekturprägel. Det i Sápmi, det samiska området i Sverige, Norge, tanken bakom de traditionella byggnads- som återfinns i samtliga objekt är “igenkännings- Finland och Ryssland, finns. Behovet täcker institu - traditionerna som finns i Sápmi och fokusera på faktorer” något som kan uttryckas både i bygg- tioner, offentliga byggnader, center, bostadshus det samiska tankesättet kan en platsanpassad nadens utformning, material, ornamentik med med mera. Hit hör Idre Sápmi Lodge, ett samiskt arkitektur skapas (Nango, 2009). Under mera. Igenkänning av något slag kan av referens- center som gestaltas av Murman Arkitekter1. rubriken igenkänning behandlas andra påstå- objekten sammanfattas som en viktig ingrediens Kandidatarbetet vid Luleå tekniska universitet endet; genom förstärkning av arkitekturen med för samisk arkitekturprägel. har genomförts som ett sidoprojekt till det etablerade tecken för samisk kultur och befintliga projektet Idre Sápmi Lodge. Arbetet har historia kan igenkänning säkras (Haugdal, 2007). Genom hela gestaltningsuppgiften har varje del- utförts genom att praktisera gestaltning i en utvald Utan referens till etablerade byggnadsstrukturer moment analyserats och kopplats tillbaka till del av den planerade byggnaden, samt genom att berör tredje påståendet; genom att bryta förväntnin- teorin. Det gestaltningsförslag, se 5. Idre undersöka vilka kriterier som krävs för samisk garna på vad arkitektur i Sápmi är kan arkitektur Sápmi Lodge, som arbetats fram i de olika stegen arkitekturprägel. Kandidatarbetet har på så sätt som inte är kopplad till tidigare byggnads- är en kombination av igenkänning och arkitektoniska gett möjlighet att tillämpa lämpliga gestaltnings- strukturer visas fram (Haugdal, 2007). Med hjälp av element utan referens till samiska byggnads- metoder mot ett befintligt byggprojekt. arkitekterna Hans Murman, Lars Sundström och traditioner. Färg och materialval är koncept- Joar Nango har den framtagna teorin testats baserat och bygger på verkligheten, naturen, det Under studiens gång har tre huvudinriktningar genom samtal och intervjufrågor, vilket till- jordnära i den samiska kulturen, och traditionen gällande arkitektur i Sápmi hittats. Dessa går till sammans med inläst litteratur bygger rapportens pynta sig. Färg och materialval är valda för att viss del in i varandra och har liknande berörings- teoriavsnitt, se arkitektur i Sápmi. rummet ska upplevas lugnt och balanserat. Som punkter. I rapporten sammanfattas de under material föreslås koppar, gran, björk samt fanér rubrikerna; samisk byggnadstradition som grund, Till arbetet har även arkitektoniska referens- av furubark. Till färgsättning valdes ett spektra av igenkänning samt utan referens till tidigare bygg- objekt valts för närmare analys, se avsnitt 4. Nutida grönt, där den klara gröna färgen som återfinns i nadsstrukturer. Samisk byggnadstradition som referensobjekt. Analysen har baserats på litteratur- den ortkaraktärisktiska dräkten (Jannok, 1999) har studien med avsikt att se vilka element som konverterats till en mjukare variant. 1 Muntlig projektinformation. III Innehållsförteckning 1. Inledning 1 8. Referenser 27 8. 1 Käll- och litteraturförteckning 27 2. Metod 2 8. 2 Intervjuer 28 3. Arkitektur i Sápmi 4 Bilaga 1, Volymstudie 29 3. 1 Samisk byggnadstradition som grund 5 3. 2 Igenkänning 6 Bilaga 2, Formtest av väggar 30 3. 3 Utan referens till etablerade byggnadsstrukturer 7 Bilaga 3, Formtest av rummets volym 31 4. Nutida referensobjekt 9 Bilaga 4, Val av rumsvolym 36 5. Idre Sápmi Lodge 10 5. 1 Gestaltning 10 5.1.1 Volymstudie 11 5.1.2 Analys av rum 11 5.1.3 Formtest av väggar 13 5.1.4 Formtest av rummets volym 13 5.1.5 Val av rumsvolym 15 5.1.6 Formtest av gradäng 17 5.1.7 Utformning av väggar 17 5.1.8 Färgsättning och materialval 19 5.1.9 Gestaltningsförslag 19 6. Slutsatser 24 7. Diskussion 26 IV Ordförklaring Sápmi Det samiska området i Sverige, Norge, Finland och Ryssland Duodji Hantverk utfört av en samisk person Bealljegoahti Bågstångskåta Čogugoahti Klykstångskåta Hirsagoahti Timmerkåta Njalla Stolpbod Lávvu Samiskt sommartält Siida I detta fall, ett hem/läger 1 informationscenter, u.å.). Kandidatarbetet vid Luleå Underfrågor tekniska universitet, LTU, har genomförts som ett ● Vad anses som det viktigaste att ta med sidoprojekt till det befintliga projektet Idre Sápmi sig av den teoretiska kunskapen om samisk Lodge. Projektet har uförts genom att praktisera byggnadstradition? gestaltning i en utvald del av Idre Sápmi Lodge. ● Hur viktigt anses igenkänning vara för bygg- Genom kanddatarbetet har gestaltning på så sätt nadens och brukarnas identitet? 1. Inledning kunnat praktiseras mot ett befintligt byggprojekt. ● Kan man likställa variationerna inom den samiska kulturen genom arkitektur? Kandidatarbetets syfte är att undersöka vad som ● Hur kan arkitektur i Sápmi utvecklas? Behov av byggnader med konstnärlig ambition i ger samisk arkitekturprägel till en byggnad. Syftet Sápmi, det samiska området i Sverige, Norge, omfattas av att undersöka hur arkitektur i Sápmi Ämnen som studerats är begreppet samisk Finland och Ryssland, finns. Behovet täcker institu- har gestaltats fram tills idag, hur arkitektur i arkitektur kontra samisk arkitekturprägel, hur tioner, offentliga byggnader, center, bostadshus Sápmi kan gestaltas, samt att gestaltning samisk byggnadstradition kan bidra till den med mera.De senaste åren har flera arkitektur- praktiserats i ett reelt projekt. Gestaltningen under- moderna arkitekturen i Sápmi, hur arkitektur i tävlingar ägt rum i Sápmi. Hit kan bland annat byggs av litteraturstudier och intervjuer så att Sápmi gestaltas fram till idag, hur arkitektur i parlamentsbyggnaden för sametinget i Sverige, lämpliga gestaltningsmetoder ska kunna tillämpas. Sápmi kan gestaltas i framtiden och vilka kriterier arkitekturtävling utlyst av Statens fastighetsverk Att tillämpa teori med gestalning kan också ses som finns för arkitekturen i Sápmi. (2005), och Naturum Laponia, arkitekturtävling som kandidatarbetes mål, där processen är målet. utlyst av Länsstyrelsen i Norrbottens län (2008), Kandidatarbetet har avgränsats till arkitektonisk räknas. Men även utanför tävlingsarenan planeras Vad samisk arkitekturprägel är och vilka kriterier gestaltning av en modern byggnad. Historisk byggprojekt. Hit hör Idre Sápmi Lodge som gestaltas som behövs för att uppfylla det, är tankar som väcks samisk byggnadskonst benämns endast med valda med hjälp av Murman Arkitekter1 i Stockholm. då det är dags att arkitektoniskt gestalta för exempel. Vid intresse av traditionella samiska Murman Arkitekter har sedan tidigare ritat bygg- samiska ändamål. De frågeställningar kandidat- byggnadstraditioner hänvisas läsaren till de böcker nader ämnat till samiska ändamål. År 2006 utsågs arbetet bygger på är personliga tankar vilka lyfts in i och publikationer som djupare berör ämnet. De tävlingsförslaget, Badjáneapmi, som vinnare till ny ett större sammanhang. Genom arbetet har dessa historiska referensobjekt som rapporten hänvisar byggnad för sametinget (Murman Arkitekter, 2005). frågeställningar prövats via teoristudier, gestalt- till har valts ut med avsikt att exemplifiera tidiga ning och intervjuer. Huvudfrågeställningen för samiska byggnadstraditioner. De nutida referens- Idre Sápmi Lodge är ett samiskt center vilket kandidatarbetet
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