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Teachers: Changing Lives THE UNESCO CourierOctober-December 2019 Teachers: Changing lives Canada A second-chance school Chile Teaching behind bars China A teacher brings hope to a remote village Congo Teaching a class of 76 India The school under a bridge Sierra Leone Mohamed Sidibay: The story of a former child soldier Read the Subscribe to UNESCO the digital version Courier It’s 100% and spread FREE! the word! https://en.unesco.org/courier/subscribe Published in Read and 10 languages share Arabic, Chinese, English, Share the Esperanto, French, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Sicilian UNESCO Courier and Spanish. with your network by Become an active publishing partner promoting it, in line by proposing new language editions of with the Organization’s the UNESCO Courier. Open Access publishing policy. Subscribe to the print version • 1 year (4 issues): €27 • 2 years (8 issues): €54 For more details, contact Subscription fees cover printing and distribution costs. There is no profit motive. DL Services, C/O Michot Warehouses, Chaussée de Mons 77, Discounted rates for group subscriptions: B 1600 Sint Pieters Leeuw, Belgium 10% discount for five or more subscriptions. Tel: (+ 32) 477 455 329 E-mail: [email protected] 2019 • n° 4 • Published since 1948 Production and promotion: Information and reproduction rights: Ian Denison, Chief, UNESCO Publishing [email protected] The UNESCO Courier is published quarterly by the United 7, Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. and Branding It promotes the ideals of UNESCO by sharing ideas on Eric Frogé, Senior Production Assistant © UNESCO 2019 issues of international concern relevant to its mandate. Digital Production: ISSN 2220-2285 • e-ISSN 2220-2293 The UNESCO Courier is published thanks to the generous Denis Pitzalis, Web Architect/Developer support of the People’s Republic of China. Media Relations: Director: Vincent Defourny Laetitia Kaci, Press Officer Periodical available in Open Access under the Acting Editor-in-chief: Agnès Bardon Translation: Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence Associate Editor: Katerina Markelova Peter Coles, Cathy Nolan (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using Section Editor: Chen Xiaorong Design: Corinne Hayworth the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository Editions Cover illustration: © Osama Hajjaj Arabic: Anissa Barrak (https://en.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). Chinese: Sun Min and China Translation & Publishing House Printing: UNESCO The present licence applies exclusively to the texts. For the use of images, prior permission shall be requested. English: Shiraz Sidhva Interns: French: Gabriel Casajus, proofreader Gao Sijia, Ren Danni, Xu Dan (China) The designations employed in this publication and Russian: Marina Yartseva Alice Christophe, Coralie Moreau (France) the presentation of the data do not imply the expression of Spanish: William Navarrete any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning Natasha D’souza (India) Digital edition: Mila Ibrahimova the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its Photographs and illustrations: Danica Bijeljac Co-editions authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers Translation and layout coordination: Portuguese: Ana Lúcia Guimarães or boundaries. Veronika Fedorchenko Esperanto: Trezoro Huang Yinbao Articles express the opinions of the authors and do not Administrative and editorial assistance: Sicilian: David Paleino necessarily represent the opinions of UNESCO and do not Carolina Rollán Ortega Korean: Eun Young Choi commit the Organization. CourierTHE UNESCO Editorial This Wide Angle section is This negative perception of them can Of these, 48.6 million new recruits will published to mark the occasion of – in some cases – result in intimidation, be needed to replace teachers leaving World Teachers’ Day, celebrated on or even violence, by students or the profession. There is already an acute 5 October every year. their families. shortage of teachers in South and West Asia and in sub-Saharan Africa. In fact, the profession is struggling to attract new recruits. After a few years of In this context, how can we attract a An “impossible profession”. For Sigmund practice, many teachers are throwing new generation of motivated teachers? Freud, education, like government in the towel. A 2014 study conducted This question inspired the theme of the and psychoanalysis, represented in the United States on a sample of 2019 edition of World Teachers’ Day, an undertaking “in which one can 50,000 teachers2 shows that more than 5 October: Young Teachers: The Future of be sure beforehand of achieving forty-one per cent of them (primary and the Profession. unsatisfying results1”. It is no easy task secondary education levels combined) to simultaneously transmit knowledge, But beyond the alarming numbers, leave the profession within five years of maintain classroom discipline, stimulate statistics and headlines, there are still entering it. curiosity, impart the rules of living teachers who are not discouraged by the together and train future citizens. Low wages, limited career advancement, difficult situation. Teachers who continue strong societal pressures and a lack of teaching in the most impoverished The challenge is all the more difficult resources are all factors that discourage settings, in overcrowded classrooms. to take on in contexts that are marked young people from pursuing this career. Teachers who choose to focus on learners – too often – by a lack of resources, with troubled backgrounds, those who overcrowded classrooms, or even the risk Yet, over 69 million teachers will have to are out of the school system or in remote that the teacher’s original purpose loses be recruited by 2030 to achieve the SDGs. areas. Teachers for whom teaching its meaning. is a commitment, a daily struggle. Certainly, everyone recognizes the key Sandrine teaches at a school in Burkina It is these teachers that the Courier is role teachers play. On a personal level, Faso, which has no water or electricity. A honouring today. we can all name at least one teacher still from the shooting of the documentary, Vincent Defourny and Agnès Bardon who made a difference – sometimes Teach Me If You Can, produced by to such an extent that it redirected our French film production company, Winds, whole lives. At the international level, the in partnership with UNESCO. United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Goal 4 in particular, recognize the importance of teachers in the implementation of the Sustainable Development Agenda by 2030. Yet, the profession is being undermined. The development of cognitive neuroscience and the many applications of new technologies in the field of education are forcing the profession to adapt and reinvent itself. Once respected and valued, the role of the teacher is now contested, with teachers being held accountable for the failures of the education system. 1. Freud, S., 1937. Analysis Terminable and Interminable. 2. Ingersoll, R., Merrill, E., Stuckey, D. and Collins G., 2014, updated October 2018. Seven Trends: The Transformation of the Teaching Force. Consortium for Policy Research in Education (CPRE) Research Reports. © Winds/Émilie Thérond The UNESCO Courier • October-December 2019 | 3 Contents WIDE ANGLE 7 A second-chance school in Montreal Lyne Fréchet 10 The school under a bridge in New Delhi Sébastien Farcis 12 Mohamed Sidibay: The role of teachers is to restore our confidence Interview by Agnès Bardon 14 Congo: A class of seventy-six Laudes Martial Mbon 15 Teach Me If You Can: From classrooms to the big screen 16 Teaching behind bars in Valparaiso Carolina Jerez Henríquez 18 A teacher brings hope 6-19 to a remote Chinese village Wang Shuo 20-27 ZOOM Archive treasure: The unpublished album of David Seymour The story of the discovery of a forgotten album by the co-founder of the Magnum agency in the UNESCO archives Photos: David Seymour/Magnum Photos Text: Giovanna Hendel, UNESCO 4 | The UNESCO Courier • October-December 2019 28-33 IDEAS 29 Architectural lessons for the future, via the past Amin Al-Habaibeh 34-37 OUR GUEST Nelly Minyersky: The green queen Interview by Lucía Iglesias Kuntz CURRENT AFFAIRS 38-45 39 An Inca suspension bridge is restored in Peru Jordi Busqué 42 From the holds of the Clotilda to Africatown Sylviane A. Diouf The UNESCO Courier • October-December 2019 | 5 Teachers: Changing lives Wide angle Wide Angle Kénia Alvarado-Lara, a teacher at the Centre d’intégration scolaire in Montreal, comforts a student during an exam. Many of the children here suffer from psychological and behavioural problems, and are unable to study at regular schools. © Robert Etcheverry 6 | The UNESCO Courier • October-December 2019 A second-chance school in Montreal Lyne Fréchet, Canadian journalist To succeed where traditional schools have failed. This is the challenge that teachers at the Centre d’intégration scolaire (Centre for academic integration, CIS) in Montreal, Canada, face every day. The French- language school takes in students whose educational paths have been rocky – gaining their trust is a prerequisite for any learning. With its brick walls, drawings hanging on the walls and worn-out lockers, CIS looks like any other school. Classrooms open onto rows of desks, aligned and facing a blackboard. From eight in the morning, students noisily invade the wide staircase that leads to the top floors. But the comparison ends there. This is because the school, located in the city’s Rosemont district, has been welcoming vulnerable students – students with learning disabilities or psychological problems – for nearly fifty years. Many of them have chaotic backgrounds and complicated family histories, and some have even been in conflict with the law. Aged from 6 to 18, many students have also had a difficult past in schools they have attended. They have experienced academic failure, successive expulsions or been relegated to the back of the classroom in special programmes for difficult students.
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