DOCSLIB.ORG

1I11111111111111~~ 11111 Mil Lib GIPE-PUNE-OOI645

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1I11111111111111~~ 11111 Mil Lib GIPE-PUNE-OOI645 DhananJayarao Gadgll LibraI') III~~ 1I11111111111111~~ 11111 mil lIB GIPE-PUNE-OOI645 ,. ':' ......'"' c ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ <: -~ . ~ ,..... ~ ~ pk:J n Ii) ., ~ ~ THE HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OIi'THE ROMAN EMPIRE. BY EDWARD GIBBON. WITH NOTES BY DEAN MILMAN AND M. G UIZOT. A NEW EDITION, WITH ADDITIONAL NOTES, BY WILLIAM SMITH D.C.L. & LL.D. IN EIGHT VOLUMES.-VOL.IV. LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE S'fREET. 1862. iv CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. A.D. Page I•• D. ra,. 406. Defeat and Destruction oChis 404-408. Negociation of Alaric and Army by Stilicho. ~8 Stilicho • • • • • • • 56 The Remainder of the Ger­ 408. Debates of the Roman Senate 68 mans invade Gaul • • • 50 Intrigues of the Palace • • 69 407. Desolation of Gaul 52 408. Disgrace and Death of StiUcbo 60 Revolt of the British Army. 53 Hi.. Memory1J6r&ecuted • • 62 Constantine is acknowledged The Poet Claudian among the in Britain and Gaul. • 64: Train of IStilicho'. Depend- 408. He reduces Spain • . • 55 ents. • • • .... • • 68 CHAPTER XXXI. INVASION OF rfALY BY ALARIC. - MANNEBS or THE ROMAN SENATE J.ND PEOPLE. - ROME IS THRICE BESIEGED, AND AT LENGTH PILLAGED, BY THB GOTHS. - DEATH OF ALARIC. - THE GOTHS EVACUATE ITA.LT. - FALL 01 CONSTANTINE. - GAUL A.:ND SPAIN ARE OCCUPIED BY THE BARBARIJ.N8.­ INDEPENDENCE OF BRITAIN. 408. Weakness of the Court of Pillage and Fire ot Rome. • 103 Ravenna • • . • • 67 Captives and Fugitives • • 106 Alaric marches to Rome • • 68 Sack of Rome by the Troop. Hannibal at the Gates of Rome 70 of Charles V.. • • • 108 Genealogy of the Senators • 71 410. Alaric evacuates Rome, and The Anician Family . • • 72 ravages Italy. • " • • 109 Wealth ~f the Roman Nobles 73 408-412. Possession of Italy by the Their Manners • • . • • 75 Goths • • • . • • • 111 Character of the Roman No- 410. Death of Alaric. • • • • 111 bles. by Ammianus Marcel­ 412. Adolphus, King of the Goths, linus • • • . • • • 77 concludes a. Peace with the State and Character of the Empire, and marches into People of Rome • . • • 83 Gaul • • • • • • • 112 Public Distribution of Bread, 414. His Marriage with P1a.cidia • 114 Bacon. Oil, Wine, &c. • • 84: 'l'he Gothic Treasures. • • 115 Use of the public Baths • • 85 410-417. Laws for the Reliet ot Games a.nd Spectacles. 86 Italy and Rome • • • • 116 . Populousness of Rome. • • 87 413. Revolt and Defeat of Hera­ . .JJ 408. First Siege of Rome by the clian, Count of Africa • , 111 Goths • • ..' 90 409·413. Revolutions of Gaul and 'Famine • • 90 Spain • • • • • • • 119 Plague. • • • • • • • 91 Character and Victories of the Superstition. • • . • • 91 General Constantiu8. • • 120 409. Alaric accepts a. Ransom and 411. Death ot the Usurper Con-' raises the Siege • • • • 92 stantine • • • • • • 121 Fruitless Negociations for 411-416. Fan of the Usurpers, Jo­ Peace • • • • • • • 94 vinus, Sebastian, and At­ Change and Succession of Mi­ tal118 • • • • • • • 121 nisters. • • • • • • 95 409. Invasion of Spain by the 409. Second Siege of Rome by the Suevi, Vandals, Alani, &co 123 Goths • • • . • • • 97 414. Adolphus, King of the Goths, Attalug is created Emperor by marchl" into Spain. • • 125 the Goths and Romans. • 99 415. His Death • • • • • • 126 410. He is degraded by Alaric. • 100 415-418. The Goths conquer and Third Siege and Sack of Rome restore Spain. • • • • 126 by the Goths. • . • 101 419. Their establishment in Aqui­ Respect of the Goths for the tain. • • . • • • • 128 Christian Religion . • . 102 The Burgundians • • • • 128 CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. v A». P~e A.D. Page 420, &0. State of the Barbarians in 409-449. State of Britain • 132 Gaul • • • • • • • 129 418. Assembly of the Seven Pr0- 409. Revolt of Britain and Armo­ vinces of Gaul • • • • 134: rica. , • • • • • • 130 CHAPTER XXXII. ARCADIUS EMPEROR OF TIlE EAST. - ADlfiNISTRATION AND DISGRACE OF EUTROPIUS. - REVOLT OF GAINAS. - PEBSECUTION' OF ST. JOHN' CHRYSOSTOM. -TIlEODOSIUS n. EMPEROR OF TIlE EAST. - HIS SISTER PULCHEIUA. - IDS WIFE EUDOOU.. - THE PEBSlAN WAR, .AND DIVISION OF ARMENIA. 895-1453. The Empire of the East 136 404. Exile of Chrysostom • • • 156 395-408. Reign of Arcadius • • 136 407. His Death • • • • • • 157 395-899. Administration and Cha- 438. His Relics transported to Con- . racter of Eutropius. • • 137 stantinople. • • . • • 157 His Venality and Injustice • 140 408. Thmth of Arcadiu8 • • • • 158 Ruin of A bundantius. • • 141 His 8Upposed Testament. • 159 Destruction of Timasius • • 141 408-415. Administration of Anthe­ 397. A cruel ,/md unjust Law of mius • • • • • • • 159 Treason • • • • • • 142 414-453. Character and Adminis­ 399. Rebellion of Tribigild. • • 144 tration of Pulcheria. • 161 Fall of Eutropius • • • • 146 Education and Character of 400. Conspiracy and Fall of Gainas 148 Theodosius the Younger • 16~ 398. ElectlOn and Merit of St. John 421-460. Character and.. Adven­ Chrysostom • • • • • 151 tures of the Empress Eu­ 398-403. His Administration and docia . • • • • . • 164 Defects. • • • • 152 422. The Persian War • • • • 166 403. Chrysostom is persecuted by 431-440. Armenia divided between the Empress Eudoxia • • 154 the Persians and the Ro- }'opular Tumults at Constan­ mans . • • . • 168 tinople. • • • • • . 155 CHAPTER XXXllI. DEATH OF HONORIUS. - VALENTIN UN m. EMPEROR OF THE WEST. - ADMINIS­ TRATION OF HIS MOTHER PLACIDIA. - AETlUS AND BONIFACI!:. - CONQl1ESl' OF AFRICA BY THE VAN'D.ALB. !l23. Last Years and Death of Ho­ Reviews his Army. • • 178 norius • • • • . • • 171 The Moors • • • . • • 178 423-425. Elevation and Fall of the The Donatista • • • • • 179 Usurper John • • • • 172 430. Tardy Repentance of Boniface 180 425-455. Valentinian III. Emperor Desolation of Africa • • • 181 of the West • • • • . 113 430. Siege of Hippo • . • • • 182 425-450. Administration of his 430. Death of St. Augustin. • • 18~ Mother Placidia. • • • 17'4 431. Defeat and Retreat of Boni~ Her two Generals, Aiitius and f8l.6. • • • . • • • 183 Boniface • • • • • • 175 482. His Death • . • • • 184 427. Error and Revolt of :aoniface 431-439. Progress of the Vandals in Africa • • • • • • 176 in Africa • • • • • • 185 428. He invites the Vandals • • 176 '439. They surprise Carthage • • 186 Genserio King of toe Vandals 177 African Exiles and Captives. 187 429. He landa in Africa. • • • 178 Fable of the Seven Sleepers • 188 vi CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. ~HAPTER XXXIV. THE CHARACTER, CONQUESTS, AND COUBT OJ!' ATTILA, lING OF TBB IImr.. - DEA.TH OF THEODOSros THE YOUNGER. - ELEVATION' OJ!' iURCUN TO TB& EMPIRE OF THE EAST. A.D. Page A.D. Page 376-483. The Huns •• • 191 446. Treaty of Peace between A ttila 'l.'heir Establishment in Mo­ and the Eastern Empire • 205 dem Hungary. • • . • 192 Spirit of the Azimuntines • 206 488-453. Reign of Attila. • • • 193 Embassies from Attila to Con· His Figure and Character. • 194 stantinople • • • • • 207 He discovers the Sword of 448. The Embassy ot Maximin to Mars • • • • ••• 195 .Attila • • • • • • • 209 Acquires the Empire of Scy- The royal Village and Palace .211 thia and Germany • • • 196 The Behaviour of Attila. to 430-440. The Huns invade Persia. 197 the Roman Ambassadors • 213 441, &c. They attack the Eastem The royal Feast. • • • • 215 Empire. • • • • . • 199 Conspiracy of the Romani Ra.vage Europe as far as Con­ against the Life ot Attila. • 216 stantinople • • • • • • 200 He reprimands and forgivel • The ScythIan or '.rartar Wars 201 • the Emperor. • • • • 217 State of the Captives • • • 203 450. Tbeodosius the Younger dies. 218 Is succeeded 1>y Marcian _ • 219 CHAPTER XXXV INVASION OF GAUL BY ATTlLA. - HE IS REPULSED BY .4.ETIUS.AND TBlI VW­ GOTHS. - ATTlLA INVADES AND EVAcUATES ITALY. - Tn DEATHS OF ATl'ILA, AEl'IUS, AND VALENTINUN THE THIRD. 450. Attila. threatens both Em­ Attila retires to the Plaina of pires, and prepares to invade Champagne • • • • • 234 Gaul. • • • • ~ • • 220 Battle of Chalons • • • • 236 435-454. Character and Adminis­ Retreat of Attila • • • • 288 tration of Aetius • • • • 221 452. Invasion of Italy by Attila. • 239 His Connection with the Huns Foundation of the Republic oC and Alani. • • • • • 223 Venice. • • • • • • 242 419-451. The Visigoths in 'Gaul Attila gives Peace to the R0- under the Reign· of Theo­ mans • • • • • • • 244 doric • • • • • • • 224 453. The Death of Attila. • • • 246 435-439. The Goths besiege Nar­ Destruction of his Empire • 247 bonne, &c. • • • • • • 224 454. Valentinian murdera the Pa­ 420-451. The Franks in Gaul under trician Aetiul. • • • • 249 , the Merovingian Kings. • 227 ----ravishel the Wife The Adventures of thePrinceS8 of Maximul • • • • • 250 Honoria • • • • • • 229 455. Death of Valentlnian • • • 251 451. Attila invades Gault and be- Symptoml of the Decay and , sieges Orleans. • • • • 231 Ruin of the Roman Govern­ Alliance of the Romans and men' • • • • • • • 251 Visigoths • • • • • • 283 CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. vii CHAPTER XXXVI. SACK or BOME BY GEl'iSERIC, KING OF THE VANDALS. - HIS NAVAL DUm:­ DATIONS. - SUCCF.'!SION OF THE LAST EMPERORS OF THE WEST, MAXIMUS, AVlTUS, :MA.JORUli, SEVERUS. ANTHEHIUS, OLYBBlUS, GLYCERlUS, NEPOS, AUGUSTULUS. - TOTAL nTINCl'ION OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE. - REIGN OF ODOACER, THE FIRST B.A.RBA.RI.A.N KING OF ITALY. A.D. Page A.D. Page 439-445. Nav&l Power of the Van- 467-472. Anthemiu6 Emperor of dais. • • • • • • • 253 the West • • • 280 455. The Character and Reign of The Festival of the Lupercalia 281 the Emperor Maximus. • 254 468. Preparations against the Van- 455. His Death • • . • . • 255 daIs of Africa. • • • . 283 455. Sack of Rome by the Van- Failure of the Expedition. • 284 dais. • • • • • • . 256 462-472. Conquest of the Visigotha The Emperor A vitus . • • 258 in Spain and Gaul • • • 286 450-466. Character of Theodoric, 468. Trial of Arvandus. • • • 288 King of the Visigoths • . 260 471. Discord of Anthemius and 456. His Expedition into Spain • 262 Ricimer. • • • • • 290 456. A vitus is deposed . • • • 263 4:72. Olybrius Emperor olthe West 2aZ 457. Character and. Elevation of 472. Sack of Rome, and Death of Majorill.n • •. •• 265 Anthemius. • . • • 293 457-461. His salutary Laws • • 267. Death of Ricimer • • • • 294 The Edifioes of Rome. • • 269 --of Olybrius • • • • 294: 457. Majorian prepares to invade 472-475. Julius Nepos and Glyce- Africa • • • . • • 271 rius Emperors of the West 294 The Loss ofbia Fleet.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the D
    The Politics of Roman Memory in the Age of Justinian DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Marion Woodrow Kruse, III Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Anthony Kaldellis, Advisor; Benjamin Acosta-Hughes; Nathan Rosenstein Copyright by Marion Woodrow Kruse, III 2015 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the use of Roman historical memory from the late fifth century through the middle of the sixth century AD. The collapse of Roman government in the western Roman empire in the late fifth century inspired a crisis of identity and political messaging in the eastern Roman empire of the same period. I argue that the Romans of the eastern empire, in particular those who lived in Constantinople and worked in or around the imperial administration, responded to the challenge posed by the loss of Rome by rewriting the history of the Roman empire. The new historical narratives that arose during this period were initially concerned with Roman identity and fixated on urban space (in particular the cities of Rome and Constantinople) and Roman mythistory. By the sixth century, however, the debate over Roman history had begun to infuse all levels of Roman political discourse and became a major component of the emperor Justinian’s imperial messaging and propaganda, especially in his Novels. The imperial history proposed by the Novels was aggressivley challenged by other writers of the period, creating a clear historical and political conflict over the role and import of Roman history as a model or justification for Roman politics in the sixth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Journeys to Byzantium? Roman Senators Between Rome and Constantinople
    Journeys to Byzantium? Roman Senators Between Rome and Constantinople Master’s Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Michael Anthony Carrozzo, B.A Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2010 Thesis Committee: Kristina Sessa, Advisor Timothy Gregory Anthony Kaldellis Copyright by Michael Anthony Carrozzo 2010 Abstract For over a thousand years, the members of the Roman senatorial aristocracy played a pivotal role in the political and social life of the Roman state. Despite being eclipsed by the power of the emperors in the first century BC, the men who made up this order continued to act as the keepers of Roman civilization for the next four hundred years, maintaining their traditions even beyond the disappearance of an emperor in the West. Despite their longevity, the members of the senatorial aristocracy faced an existential crisis following the Ostrogothic conquest of the Italian peninsula, when the forces of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I invaded their homeland to contest its ownership. Considering the role they played in the later Roman Empire, the disappearance of the Roman senatorial aristocracy following this conflict is a seminal event in the history of Italy and Western Europe, as well as Late Antiquity. Two explanations have been offered to explain the subsequent disappearance of the Roman senatorial aristocracy. The first involves a series of migrations, beginning before the Gothic War, from Italy to Constantinople, in which members of this body abandoned their homes and settled in the eastern capital.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 18 - the Situation in the West After the Fall of Rome
    Church History Lesson 18 - The Situation in the West After the Fall of Rome 1. Introduction - A Crumbling Empire 1.1. In the last session we looked at a number of Christological controversies which embroiled the church, and consequently the Empire, up until the council of Chalcedon in 451. 1.2. As we saw, these controversies involved both the East and the West, but there were of far greater concern in the East than in the West, and the majority of bishops attending the various councils were overwhelmingly from the East. 1.3. Although there were a number of reasons for this, one of the major reasons was the rapidly changing situation in the West. After Rome was sacked for the first time in 410 AD, it sent shockwaves through the whole empire, but especially in the West. Although the Eastern part of the Empire continued in one form or another for over 1,000 years more, the situation in the West was far different. 1.4. Today we will take a brief look at what happened in the West after the first sacking of Rome in 410, and see how this affected life and the church in the West for the next 300 years or so. 2. The Barbarian Invasions 2.1. The events that most affected life and the church in the West were a series of invasions by “barbarian” tribes. 2.2. Obviously the first major invasion was when Alaric and his band of Visigoths, who invaded Italy and sacked Rome in 410. It was the shockwaves from this event that caused Augustine to write his opus City of God.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbarians Invade Rome! Questions
    But the power of Rome was weakening. By the late 400s, Rome was Name no longer the mighty power that it had once been. In 476, the Hun leader, Odoacer, seized power in the western half of the Roman Empire and declared himself king of Italy. Barbarians Invade Rome! The eastern half of the Roman Empire tried to take power back in the west by sending troops, under the leadership of King Theodoric By Sharon Fabian of the Ostrogoths, to fight Odoacer. The Ostrogoths killed Odoacer, and Theodoric became the new leader of Italy. The Roman Empire, at its height, extended across much of Europe, but even then there were other groups of people who were The Roman Empire in the east continued, but Roman rule in the not part of the Roman Empire living in Europe too. Many of these west had come to an end. Europe entered into an era of uncertainty. groups, called tribes, lived in the far north. Others lived in various Rulers changed frequently, as one leader attacked and defeated parts of Europe not occupied by the Roman Empire. another. Invasions, attacks, and feuds were commonplace. It was the beginning of the Middle Ages. The barbarian tribes, as many of them were known, didn't like the idea of settling down and farming. They preferred a roaming, Today, when we hear of Huns, we picture wild-eyed, long-haired, warlike lifestyle. Due to climate changes and other factors, many of screaming invaders. the tribes began to migrate closer to the Roman Empire and sometimes even settle within the borders of the empire.
    [Show full text]
  • Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation
    Empire of Hope and Tragedy: Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian Swain Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Timothy Gregory, Co-advisor Anthony Kaldellis Kristina Sessa, Co-advisor Copyright by Brian Swain 2014 Abstract This dissertation explores the intersection of political and ethnic conflict during the emperor Justinian’s wars of reconquest through the figure and texts of Jordanes, the earliest barbarian voice to survive antiquity. Jordanes was ethnically Gothic - and yet he also claimed a Roman identity. Writing from Constantinople in 551, he penned two Latin histories on the Gothic and Roman pasts respectively. Crucially, Jordanes wrote while Goths and Romans clashed in the imperial war to reclaim the Italian homeland that had been under Gothic rule since 493. That a Roman Goth wrote about Goths while Rome was at war with Goths is significant and has no analogue in the ancient record. I argue that it was precisely this conflict which prompted Jordanes’ historical inquiry. Jordanes, though, has long been considered a mere copyist, and seldom treated as an historian with ideas of his own. And the few scholars who have treated Jordanes as an original author have dampened the significance of his Gothicness by arguing that barbarian ethnicities were evanescent and subsumed by the gravity of a Roman political identity. They hold that Jordanes was simply a Roman who can tell us only about Roman things, and supported the Roman emperor in his war against the Goths.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ruin of the Roman Empire
    7888888888889 u o u o u o u THE o u Ruin o u OF THE o u Roman o u o u EMPIRE o u o u o u o u jamesj . o’donnell o u o u o u o u o u o u o hjjjjjjjjjjjk This is Ann’s book contents Preface iv Overture 1 part i s theoderic’s world 1. Rome in 500: Looking Backward 47 2. The World That Might Have Been 107 part ii s justinian’s world 3. Being Justinian 177 4. Opportunities Lost 229 5. Wars Worse Than Civil 247 part iii s gregory’s world 6. Learning to Live Again 303 7. Constantinople Deflated: The Debris of Empire 342 8. The Last Consul 364 Epilogue 385 List of Roman Emperors 395 Notes 397 Further Reading 409 Credits and Permissions 411 Index 413 About the Author Other Books by James J. O’ Donnell Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher preface An American soldier posted in Anbar province during the twilight war over the remains of Saddam’s Mesopotamian kingdom might have been surprised to learn he was defending the westernmost frontiers of the an- cient Persian empire against raiders, smugglers, and worse coming from the eastern reaches of the ancient Roman empire. This painful recycling of history should make him—and us—want to know what unhealable wound, what recurrent pathology, what cause too deep for journalists and politicians to discern draws men and women to their deaths again and again in such a place. The history of Rome, as has often been true in the past, has much to teach us.
    [Show full text]
  • 72 *Arcadius (383-408) (East) 73 *Magnus Maximus
    375 Huns absorbed Greuthungi (Ostrogoths) 408 Huns captured Castra Martis (Romania) 431 Battle: Aetius/Salian Franks (France) 376 Tervingi (Visigoths) crossed Danube 408-413 Constantinople's landside wall built 431 1st Council of Ephesus (Nestorianism) 376 some Greuthungi crossed Danube 408-410 Alaric's 2nd Invasion of Italy [2/2] 431 Battle: Aetius/Norici (Noricum) 376-378 Valens Second Gothic War [5/6] 408 Stilicho executed 431-534 Vandal Kingdom (North Africa) 376 Battle: Marcianopolis (Bulgaria) 408.09-12 Alaric's first siege of Rome 431 Raid: central Hispania (Suebi) 377 Battle: Ad Salices (Bulgaria) 77 Constantine III (409-411) (W) 432 Battle: Vandals/Empire (Africa) 378.05 Battle: Argentovaria (France) 78 Constans II (409-411) (W) 432-439 Africa diocese overran by Vandals 378.08.09 Battle: Adrianople (Thracia) 409 Vandals, Alani, Suebi entered Hispania 432 B: Gaiseric/Bonifacius+Aspar (Algeria) 378 Siege: Constantinople (Thracia) 409 Battle: Alaric/Valens 432 Battle: Aetius/Salian Franks (France) 71 *Theodosius-I (379-395) (Eall) 409.10-11 Alaric's second siege of Rome 432 Battle: Ariminum (Italy) 379-382 Theodosius' Gothic War [6/6] 409 Siege: Ravenna (Italy) 432 Treaty: Suebi (Hispania) 380 Greuthungi settled in Pannonia 409-411 Usurper: Maximus of Hispania [1/2] 434 Battle: Vandals/Aspar (Africa) 380 Battle: Macedonia 410.08.24 Alaric's sack of Rome 434 Huns under Rua devastated Thrace 380 Edict of Thessalonica (Nicene Creed) 410 Romans abandon Britannia 434-469 Hunnic Empire 381 Council of Constantinople (Nicene 411 Conference of Carthage (Donatism) 434-453 Attila the Hun Creed) 411 Siege: Arles (France) 434 Huns settled in Pannonia (Hungary) 382 Treaty: Fritigern and the Tervingi 411-413 Usurper: Jovinus (Mainz) 435 Foundation of Constantinople University 382 Tervingi settled in Moesia Inferior 411-415 Ataulf (Visigoth) 435 Vandals took Mauretanias & Numidia 383-408 Stilicho 411-418 Silingi Vandals: Hispania Baetica 435 Treaty: Attila (Huns) 396 Battle: Greuthungi defeated 411-418 Alani: H.
    [Show full text]
  • History of Rome from the Earliest Times Down to 476 AD
    History of Rome from the Earliest Times Down to 476 AD Robert F. Pennell History of Rome from the Earliest Times Down to 476 AD Table of Contents History of Rome from the Earliest Times Down to 476 AD..................................................................................1 Robert F. Pennell............................................................................................................................................1 PREFACE......................................................................................................................................................2 ANCIENT ROME.......................................................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER I. GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY.....................................................................................................3 CHAPTER II. THE EARLY INHABITANTS OF ITALY...........................................................................4 CHAPTER III. THE ROMANS AND THEIR EARLY GOVERNMENT...................................................5 CHAPTER IV. THE EARLY GROWTH AND INTERNAL HISTORY OF ROME..................................6 CHAPTER V. THE DYNASTY OF THE TARQUINS................................................................................8 CHAPTER VI. THE CONSULS AND TRIBUNES.....................................................................................8 CHAPTER VII. THE COMITIA TRIBUTA AND THE AGRARIAN LAWS..........................................10 CHAPTER
    [Show full text]
  • Daniel 11:31 Arms Shall Stand on His Part Heruli Vandals Ostrogoths
    Daniel 11:31 Arms shall stand on his part Santa Sophia the church built by Justinian Clovis King of the Franks Mosaic of Justinian Coin of Justinian Emperor Justinian 493 AD 508 AD 534 AD 538 AD © David Gilmore 3-angels.net Heruli Vandals Ostrogoths Zeno 425-491 AD Clovis King of the Franks 496-511 AD Justinian Emperor of Eastern Rome 527 – 565 AD Odoacer or Odovacar the chieftain Statue depicting the baptism of In 533 AD Justinian passes a decree Belisarius drove out the Ostrogoths of the Germanic Heruli people 435 - Clovis King of the Franks at his to give the Pope absolute and total from Rome in 538 AD tipping the 493 AD ruled Rome 476-493 AD. His conversion to Roman Catholicism authority over the ecclesiastical balance of power in favour of the people had been mercenaries for in 496 AD. His "desire" to spread world . Justinian sends Belisarius his pope against Arian domination. Rome. Odoacer revolted deposing his new religion and to ruin general to start war on the vandals. When Theodoric died in 526 the new the last Roman emperor in the West Christian kingdoms which refused The Vandals were one of the two king of the Ostrogoths, Totila, Romulus Augustulus. Zeno the to bow to the Catholic version of remaining Arian Powers preventing regained most of the territory emperor in the East a friend of the thinking seemed to be the aim of the way for the Pope to take over gained by Belisarius. Rome was pope was anxious to drive out this "convert" ruler.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transformation of the Roman Empire
    THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE By: Nathan Monroe, Nick Soldan, Sucher Sumanta, Branden Sanchez, Colin Bailey In the year 1349 there occurred the greatest epidemic that ever happened. Death went from one end of the earth to the other, on that side and this side of the sea, and it was greater among the Saracens than among the Christians. In some lands everyone died so that no one was left. Ships were also found on the sea laden with wares; the crew had all died and no one guided the ship. The Bishop of Marseilles and priests and monks and more than half of all the people there died with them. In other kingdoms and cities so many people perished that it would be horrible to describe. The pope at Avignon stopped all sessions of court, locked himself in a room, allowed no one to approach him and had a fire burning before him all the time. [This last was probably intended as some sort of disinfectant.] And from what this epidemic came, all wise teachers and physicians could only say that it was God's will. And as the plague was now here, so was it in other places, and lasted more than a whole year. This epidemic also came to Strasbourg in the summer of the above mentioned year, and it is estimated that about sixteen thousand people died. “Internet History Sourcebooks Project.” Internet History Sourcebooks, 1349, sourcebooks.fordham.edu/jewish/1348-jewsblackdeath.asp. PRIMARY SOURCE PLAGUE - was also known as "The Black Death" or the "Bubonic Plague" -It was believed that around 75-200 million people died from the plague -The plague was Europe and Asia around the 1300s -Was an extremely contagious disease - Was spread by a bacillus called Yersina Pestis -Traveled through infected fleas and rats -Not long after it struck Messina, the Black Death spread to the port of Marseilles in France and the port of Tunis in North Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2013 Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E. Thomas Christopher Lawrence [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Lawrence, Thomas Christopher, "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1751 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Thomas Christopher Lawrence entitled "Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Michael E. Kulikowski, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Christine Shepardson, Maura Lafferty, Thomas Burman Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Crisis of Legitimacy: Honorius, Galla Placidia, and the Struggles for Control of the Western Roman Empire, 405-425 C.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Usurpers in Gaul.Pdf
    1 Chapter 2: Usurpers in Gaul The Gallic provinces faced their own challenges in the first decade of the fifth century. Severe threats to Italy under Stilicho’s regime, specifically the invasions of Alaric (401-402) and of an otherwise unknown Gothic leader named Radagaisus (405-406), forced the MVM to take a series of ad hoc decisions favoring the central provinces over the other regions of the western empire. Stilicho severely reduced the military forces of Gaul in order to supply men for the defense of the Italian peninsula.1 He also allowed the traditional conduct of Roman foreign policy with the barbarians beyond the Rhine/Danube limes to lapse, leading to confusion and tension on the frontiers.2 While Stilicho’s actions were arguably necessary responses to the threats of the period, they nevertheless amounted to a fundamental neglect of imperial management of the Gallic provinces. Under the circumstances, it is perhaps inevitable that such neglect would result in problems for the Honorian regime. The usurpations of Maximus and Eugenius remained a part of living memory and the extension of the control of the Theodosian dynasty into the western empire was a relatively new development.3 The potential for the abuse or rejection of Italian authority was therefore quite real, though it was perhaps an unavoidable risk given the circumstances prevailing in Italy during the first half of the decade. 1 Claudian De Bello Gothico 414-429. For discussion, see Drinkwater, “Usurpers”, 271-275; Janssen, Stilicho, 203- 204; Walter Goffart, Barbarian Tides: The Migration Age and the Later Roman Empire (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006) 95-96; Guy Halsall, Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West, 376-568 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007) 195-200, 206-211.
    [Show full text]