DhananJayarao Gadgll LibraI') III~~ 1I11111111111111~~ 11111 mil lIB GIPE-PUNE-OOI645 ,. ':' ......'"' c ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ <: -~ . ~ ,..... ~ ~ pk:J n Ii) ., ~ ~ THE HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OIi'THE ROMAN EMPIRE. BY EDWARD GIBBON. WITH NOTES BY DEAN MILMAN AND M. G UIZOT. A NEW EDITION, WITH ADDITIONAL NOTES, BY WILLIAM SMITH D.C.L. & LL.D. IN EIGHT VOLUMES.-VOL.IV. LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE S'fREET. 1862. iv CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. A.D. Page I•• D. ra,. 406. Defeat and Destruction oChis 404-408. Negociation of Alaric and Army by Stilicho. ~8 Stilicho • • • • • • • 56 The Remainder of the Ger­ 408. Debates of the Roman Senate 68 mans invade Gaul • • • 50 Intrigues of the Palace • • 69 407. Desolation of Gaul 52 408. Disgrace and Death of StiUcbo 60 Revolt of the British Army. 53 Hi.. Memory1J6r&ecuted • • 62 Constantine is acknowledged The Poet Claudian among the in Britain and Gaul. • 64: Train of IStilicho'. Depend- 408. He reduces Spain • . • 55 ents. • • • .... • • 68 CHAPTER XXXI. INVASION OF rfALY BY ALARIC. - MANNEBS or THE ROMAN SENATE J.ND PEOPLE. - ROME IS THRICE BESIEGED, AND AT LENGTH PILLAGED, BY THB GOTHS. - DEATH OF ALARIC. - THE GOTHS EVACUATE ITA.LT. - FALL 01 CONSTANTINE. - GAUL A.:ND SPAIN ARE OCCUPIED BY THE BARBARIJ.N8.­ INDEPENDENCE OF BRITAIN. 408. Weakness of the Court of Pillage and Fire ot Rome. • 103 Ravenna • • . • • 67 Captives and Fugitives • • 106 Alaric marches to Rome • • 68 Sack of Rome by the Troop. Hannibal at the Gates of Rome 70 of Charles V.. • • • 108 Genealogy of the Senators • 71 410. Alaric evacuates Rome, and The Anician Family . • • 72 ravages Italy. • " • • 109 Wealth ~f the Roman Nobles 73 408-412. Possession of Italy by the Their Manners • • . • • 75 Goths • • • . • • • 111 Character of the Roman No- 410. Death of Alaric. • • • • 111 bles. by Ammianus Marcel­ 412. Adolphus, King of the Goths, linus • • • . • • • 77 concludes a. Peace with the State and Character of the Empire, and marches into People of Rome • . • • 83 Gaul • • • • • • • 112 Public Distribution of Bread, 414. His Marriage with P1a.cidia • 114 Bacon. Oil, Wine, &c. • • 84: 'l'he Gothic Treasures. • • 115 Use of the public Baths • • 85 410-417. Laws for the Reliet ot Games a.nd Spectacles. 86 Italy and Rome • • • • 116 . Populousness of Rome. • • 87 413. Revolt and Defeat of Hera­ . .JJ 408. First Siege of Rome by the clian, Count of Africa • , 111 Goths • • ..' 90 409·413. Revolutions of Gaul and 'Famine • • 90 Spain • • • • • • • 119 Plague. • • • • • • • 91 Character and Victories of the Superstition. • • . • • 91 General Constantiu8. • • 120 409. Alaric accepts a. Ransom and 411. Death ot the Usurper Con-' raises the Siege • • • • 92 stantine • • • • • • 121 Fruitless Negociations for 411-416. Fan of the Usurpers, Jo­ Peace • • • • • • • 94 vinus, Sebastian, and At­ Change and Succession of Mi­ tal118 • • • • • • • 121 nisters. • • • • • • 95 409. Invasion of Spain by the 409. Second Siege of Rome by the Suevi, Vandals, Alani, &co 123 Goths • • • . • • • 97 414. Adolphus, King of the Goths, Attalug is created Emperor by marchl" into Spain. • • 125 the Goths and Romans. • 99 415. His Death • • • • • • 126 410. He is degraded by Alaric. • 100 415-418. The Goths conquer and Third Siege and Sack of Rome restore Spain. • • • • 126 by the Goths. • . • 101 419. Their establishment in Aqui­ Respect of the Goths for the tain. • • . • • • • 128 Christian Religion . • . 102 The Burgundians • • • • 128 CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. v A». P~e A.D. Page 420, &0. State of the Barbarians in 409-449. State of Britain • 132 Gaul • • • • • • • 129 418. Assembly of the Seven Pr0- 409. Revolt of Britain and Armo­ vinces of Gaul • • • • 134: rica. , • • • • • • 130 CHAPTER XXXII. ARCADIUS EMPEROR OF TIlE EAST. - ADlfiNISTRATION AND DISGRACE OF EUTROPIUS. - REVOLT OF GAINAS. - PEBSECUTION' OF ST. JOHN' CHRYSOSTOM. -TIlEODOSIUS n. EMPEROR OF TIlE EAST. - HIS SISTER PULCHEIUA. - IDS WIFE EUDOOU.. - THE PEBSlAN WAR, .AND DIVISION OF ARMENIA. 895-1453. The Empire of the East 136 404. Exile of Chrysostom • • • 156 395-408. Reign of Arcadius • • 136 407. His Death • • • • • • 157 395-899. Administration and Cha- 438. His Relics transported to Con- . racter of Eutropius. • • 137 stantinople. • • . • • 157 His Venality and Injustice • 140 408. Thmth of Arcadiu8 • • • • 158 Ruin of A bundantius. • • 141 His 8Upposed Testament. • 159 Destruction of Timasius • • 141 408-415. Administration of Anthe­ 397. A cruel ,/md unjust Law of mius • • • • • • • 159 Treason • • • • • • 142 414-453. Character and Adminis­ 399. Rebellion of Tribigild. • • 144 tration of Pulcheria. • 161 Fall of Eutropius • • • • 146 Education and Character of 400. Conspiracy and Fall of Gainas 148 Theodosius the Younger • 16~ 398. ElectlOn and Merit of St. John 421-460. Character and.. Adven­ Chrysostom • • • • • 151 tures of the Empress Eu­ 398-403. His Administration and docia . • • • • . • 164 Defects. • • • • 152 422. The Persian War • • • • 166 403. Chrysostom is persecuted by 431-440. Armenia divided between the Empress Eudoxia • • 154 the Persians and the Ro- }'opular Tumults at Constan­ mans . • • . • 168 tinople. • • • • • . 155 CHAPTER XXXllI. DEATH OF HONORIUS. - VALENTIN UN m. EMPEROR OF THE WEST. - ADMINIS­ TRATION OF HIS MOTHER PLACIDIA. - AETlUS AND BONIFACI!:. - CONQl1ESl' OF AFRICA BY THE VAN'D.ALB. !l23. Last Years and Death of Ho­ Reviews his Army. • • 178 norius • • • • . • • 171 The Moors • • • . • • 178 423-425. Elevation and Fall of the The Donatista • • • • • 179 Usurper John • • • • 172 430. Tardy Repentance of Boniface 180 425-455. Valentinian III. Emperor Desolation of Africa • • • 181 of the West • • • • . 113 430. Siege of Hippo • . • • • 182 425-450. Administration of his 430. Death of St. Augustin. • • 18~ Mother Placidia. • • • 17'4 431. Defeat and Retreat of Boni~ Her two Generals, Aiitius and f8l.6. • • • . • • • 183 Boniface • • • • • • 175 482. His Death • . • • • 184 427. Error and Revolt of :aoniface 431-439. Progress of the Vandals in Africa • • • • • • 176 in Africa • • • • • • 185 428. He invites the Vandals • • 176 '439. They surprise Carthage • • 186 Genserio King of toe Vandals 177 African Exiles and Captives. 187 429. He landa in Africa. • • • 178 Fable of the Seven Sleepers • 188 vi CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. ~HAPTER XXXIV. THE CHARACTER, CONQUESTS, AND COUBT OJ!' ATTILA, lING OF TBB IImr.. - DEA.TH OF THEODOSros THE YOUNGER. - ELEVATION' OJ!' iURCUN TO TB& EMPIRE OF THE EAST. A.D. Page A.D. Page 376-483. The Huns •• • 191 446. Treaty of Peace between A ttila 'l.'heir Establishment in Mo­ and the Eastern Empire • 205 dem Hungary. • • . • 192 Spirit of the Azimuntines • 206 488-453. Reign of Attila. • • • 193 Embassies from Attila to Con· His Figure and Character. • 194 stantinople • • • • • 207 He discovers the Sword of 448. The Embassy ot Maximin to Mars • • • • ••• 195 .Attila • • • • • • • 209 Acquires the Empire of Scy- The royal Village and Palace .211 thia and Germany • • • 196 The Behaviour of Attila. to 430-440. The Huns invade Persia. 197 the Roman Ambassadors • 213 441, &c. They attack the Eastem The royal Feast. • • • • 215 Empire. • • • • . • 199 Conspiracy of the Romani Ra.vage Europe as far as Con­ against the Life ot Attila. • 216 stantinople • • • • • • 200 He reprimands and forgivel • The ScythIan or '.rartar Wars 201 • the Emperor. • • • • 217 State of the Captives • • • 203 450. Tbeodosius the Younger dies. 218 Is succeeded 1>y Marcian _ • 219 CHAPTER XXXV INVASION OF GAUL BY ATTlLA. - HE IS REPULSED BY .4.ETIUS.AND TBlI VW­ GOTHS. - ATTlLA INVADES AND EVAcUATES ITALY. - Tn DEATHS OF ATl'ILA, AEl'IUS, AND VALENTINUN THE THIRD. 450. Attila. threatens both Em­ Attila retires to the Plaina of pires, and prepares to invade Champagne • • • • • 234 Gaul. • • • • ~ • • 220 Battle of Chalons • • • • 236 435-454. Character and Adminis­ Retreat of Attila • • • • 288 tration of Aetius • • • • 221 452. Invasion of Italy by Attila. • 239 His Connection with the Huns Foundation of the Republic oC and Alani. • • • • • 223 Venice. • • • • • • 242 419-451. The Visigoths in 'Gaul Attila gives Peace to the R0- under the Reign· of Theo­ mans • • • • • • • 244 doric • • • • • • • 224 453. The Death of Attila. • • • 246 435-439. The Goths besiege Nar­ Destruction of his Empire • 247 bonne, &c. • • • • • • 224 454. Valentinian murdera the Pa­ 420-451. The Franks in Gaul under trician Aetiul. • • • • 249 , the Merovingian Kings. • 227 ----ravishel the Wife The Adventures of thePrinceS8 of Maximul • • • • • 250 Honoria • • • • • • 229 455. Death of Valentlnian • • • 251 451. Attila invades Gault and be- Symptoml of the Decay and , sieges Orleans. • • • • 231 Ruin of the Roman Govern­ Alliance of the Romans and men' • • • • • • • 251 Visigoths • • • • • • 283 CONTENTS OF VOL. IV. vii CHAPTER XXXVI. SACK or BOME BY GEl'iSERIC, KING OF THE VANDALS. - HIS NAVAL DUm:­ DATIONS. - SUCCF.'!SION OF THE LAST EMPERORS OF THE WEST, MAXIMUS, AVlTUS, :MA.JORUli, SEVERUS. ANTHEHIUS, OLYBBlUS, GLYCERlUS, NEPOS, AUGUSTULUS. - TOTAL nTINCl'ION OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE. - REIGN OF ODOACER, THE FIRST B.A.RBA.RI.A.N KING OF ITALY. A.D. Page A.D. Page 439-445. Nav&l Power of the Van- 467-472. Anthemiu6 Emperor of dais. • • • • • • • 253 the West • • • 280 455. The Character and Reign of The Festival of the Lupercalia 281 the Emperor Maximus. • 254 468. Preparations against the Van- 455. His Death • • . • . • 255 daIs of Africa. • • • . 283 455. Sack of Rome by the Van- Failure of the Expedition. • 284 dais. • • • • • • . 256 462-472. Conquest of the Visigotha The Emperor A vitus . • • 258 in Spain and Gaul • • • 286 450-466. Character of Theodoric, 468. Trial of Arvandus. • • • 288 King of the Visigoths • . 260 471. Discord of Anthemius and 456. His Expedition into Spain • 262 Ricimer. • • • • • 290 456. A vitus is deposed . • • • 263 4:72. Olybrius Emperor olthe West 2aZ 457. Character and. Elevation of 472. Sack of Rome, and Death of Majorill.n • •. •• 265 Anthemius. • . • • 293 457-461. His salutary Laws • • 267. Death of Ricimer • • • • 294 The Edifioes of Rome. • • 269 --of Olybrius • • • • 294: 457. Majorian prepares to invade 472-475. Julius Nepos and Glyce- Africa • • • . • • 271 rius Emperors of the West 294 The Loss ofbia Fleet.