Recognizing the Roles of Ethnoscience, Traditional Knowledge, and Emic Approaches towards Citizen Science and Sustainable Development Projects: Implications for the Rio Grande Valley, Texas

DR. FRANK J. DIRRIGL, JR. Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences

Source: https://blogs.dal.ca/sustainabilitynews/files/2012/09/citizenscience.jpg The Three Pillars

“Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987),

Sources: eoearth.org; Office of the President, General Assembly of the United Nations; The Fourth Pillar

Engagement

Belief & Meaning

UN Global Compact Cities Programme Ethnoscience, the Tenejapa Ladino, and Tzeltal [Mayan]

Metzger & Williams 1963, American Anthropologist; 1966, American Anthropologist

Sources: www.sancristoballanguageschool.org; http://ranchero963.blogspot.com Firewood

Western Example

Tzetal Example

Sources: Metzger & Williams 1966, American Anthropologist; http://i.imgur.com/IYtqLd7.jpg Ethnozoology

Source: http://trabajosocialchiapasegrets.blogspot.com/ “The indigenous people of the world Traditional Knowledge possess an immense knowledge of their environments, based on centuries of living close to nature. Living in and from the richness and variety of complex ecosystems, they have an understanding of the properties of plants and animals, the functioning of ecosystems and the techniques for using and managing them that is particular and often detailed. In rural communities in developing countries, locally occurring species are relied on for many - sometimes all - foods, medicines, fuel, building materials and other products. Equally, people’s knowledge and perceptions of the environment, and their relationships with it, are often important elements of cultural identity.

Source: The Director General of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Mayor, 1994); www.nativescience.org Native & Community Citizen Science

Source: Science 06/05/2015 Source: Haklay 2013, Citizen Science and Volunteered Geographic Information – overview and typology of participation Common Survey

Source: Gowda & Nayak 2014, Int J Med Public Health Semi-Structured Interviews: Togo People

Source: Spuhler 2007; countryreports.org Rio Grande Valley: Medical Anthropology

Source: Dirrigl & Vitek 2013, The Applied Anthropologist Personify & Humanize

Source: Dirrigl & Vitek 2013, The Applied Anthropologist Emic Approach

Emic Etic Source: http://www.nativescience.org Colonias

Source: http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu; lubbockonline. Com; Colonias • 500,000 Texans • 73% American Citizens - 100 • Mexican-American • 2, 200 Colonias • 3x National Poverty Level

Source: http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu • Potable Water • Legal Plats • Drainage

Source: http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu; www.srh.noaa.gov/

Source: quod.lib.umich.edu Source: themonitor.com

• Potable Water • Legal Plats • Drainage

Source: quod.lib.umich.edu Source: quod.lib.umich.edu Citizen Science & Monitoring

• Water Quality Sampling • Field Ovipositioning Trapping • Personal Observations & Landing Rates

Source: earthwatch.org; devcomconvergence.wordpress.com; www.myhorrynews.com Citizen Science & Monitoring

• Post-Flooding Nuisance Species • Disease Vector Species • Laboratory Mosquito Rearing with Flood Waters

Source: http://ecdc.europa.eu/EN/HEALTHTOPICS/DENGUE_FEVER; billclarkbugsperts.com; www.flickr.com Source: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org Source: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org Water

Place Settlements

UN Global Compact Cities Programme Source: www.loyno.edu Questions ?