DOCSLIB.ORG

IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP Version 1.2 (1St May 2020) 3398N02C

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP Version 1.2 (1St May 2020) 3398N02C Control Union (UK) Limited. Jeong II Corporation Antarctic krill fishery MSC Inseparable or Practicably Inseparable (IPI) Announcement Control Union (UK) Limited. 56 High Street, Lymington, Hampshire, SO41 9AH, United Kingdom Tel: 01590 613007 Fax: 01590 671573 Email: [email protected] Website: uk.controlunion.com QA Role Signature and date Originator: HE 01/10/2020 Reviewer: HJ 09/10/2020 Approver: TT 12/10/2020 2 MSC IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP version 1.2 (1st May 2020) 3398N02C 1 Marine Stewardship Council IPI announcement Table 1 – Inseparable or practicably inseparable (IPI) catches Description of the stocks identified as Inseparable or Practicably Inseparable (IPI) and confirmation they are 1 within scope of IPI The team believe the UoA meets the IPI requirements set out in FCP 7.5.8: 7.5.8.1 a. The non-target catch is practicably indistinguishable during normal fishing operations (i.e. the catch is from a stock of the same species or a closely related species) Not applicable as the IPI species are fish larvae. 7.5.8.1 b. When distinguishable, it is not commercially feasible to separate due to the practical operation of the fishery that would require significant modification to existing harvesting and processing methods Both fishing vessels of the UoA operate in the same way, using a stern trawl and a continuous fishing system, which uses a pump connecting the vessel to the codend rather than hauling the net aboard. The continuous pump fishing method transfers the catch to a conveyor system on the vessels where it is moved directly into the hold. All species in the catch are retained, and all are used in the final product (frozen whole round krill and krill meal). Therefore, the ability to separate these out from the krill during fishing operations is not practicable and near complete gear modification would be required to separate the IPI species. 7.5.8.1 c. The total combined proportion of catches from the IPI stocks do not exceed 15% by weight of the total combined catches of target and IPI stock(s) for the UoA. The UoA activities are under 100% observer coverage. The Scientific Observers Manual issued by CCAMLR states that the key tasks of the observers include: (ii) sampling of catches to determine biological characteristics, (iii) recording biological data by species caught, (iv) recording bycatch, their quantity and biological data, (vi) recording the procedure by which declared catch weight is measured and collecting data relating to the conversion factor between green weight and final product in the event that catch is recorded on the basis of weight of processed product. The analysis of Observer reports for this fishery between 2016 and 2019 showed that the combined catch of all non-target species amounts to approximated 0.009% of the catch by weight. As such, the UoA is far from exceeding the 15% weight limit set in 7.5.8.1c. 7.5.8.1 d. The IPI stocks are not endangered, threatened or protected (ETP) species. Based on the Observer data, ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinus), mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari), and salps (Salpidae) make up the majority of the IPI bycatch (see table below). None of the species in the table are ETP. Species kg % of Total MSC Designation Euphausia superba Krill - target 53,060,661.800 99.99% Target Chionodraco rastrospinosus Ocellated icefish 1,099.675 0.002% Secondary Champsocephalus gunnari Mackerel icefish 1,008.388 0.002% Primary Salpidae Salps 969.150 0.002% Secondary Chaenodraco wilsoni Spiny icefish 199.982 0.000% Secondary Pseudochaenichthys South Georgia icefish 194.160 0.000% Secondary georgianus 3 MSC IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP version 1.2 (1st May 2020) 3398N02C Chaenocephalus aceratus Blackfin icefish 159.802 0.000% Secondary Cryodraco antarcticus Long-fingered icefish 121.388 0.000% Secondary Notothenia gibberifrons Humped rockcod 102.547 0.000% Secondary Pleuragramma antarcticum Antarctic silverfish 81.315 0.000% Secondary Electrona carlsbergi Electron subantarctic lanternfish 78.858 0.000% Secondary Semele radiata bivalve 66.630 0.000% Secondary Gymnoscopelus nicholsi Nichol’s lanternfish 65.631 0.000% Secondary Pagetopsis macropterus 50.494 0.000% Secondary Notolepis coatsi Antarctic jonasfish 37.935 0.000% Secondary Neopagetopsis ionah Crocodile icefish 29.892 0.000% Secondary Geophagus spp 29.204 0.000% Secondary Rhopilema spp Jellyfish spp 19.50 0.000% Secondary Nototheniops larseni Painted rockcod 16.434 0.000% Secondary Notothenia coriiceps Black rockcod 10.155 0.000% Secondary Parachaenichthys charcoti Antarctic dragonfish sp 8.040 0.000% Secondary Cyclopteridae Lumpsucker spp 7.90 0.000% Secondary Onykia ingens Greater hooked squid 7.560 0.000% Secondary Psychroteuthis glacialis Glacial squid 6.951 0.000% Secondary Notothenia rossii Marbles rockcod 5.407 0.000% Secondary Trematomus eulepidotus Blunt scalyhead 4.877 0.000% Secondary Lophius americanus American anglerfish 4.340 0.000% Secondary Psilodraco breviceps Antarctic dragonfish sp 3.050 0.000% Secondary Notothenia neglecta Yellowbelly rockcod 2.10 0.000% Secondary Trematomus newnesi Notothenid sp 1.867 0.000% Secondary Onykia knipovitchi Cephalopod sp 1.580 0.000% Secondary Icichthys australis Southern driftfish 1.290 0.000% Secondary Dissostichus mawsoni Antarctic toothfish 0.970 0.000% Secondary Nototheniops nudifrons Notothenid sp 0.910 0.000% Secondary Dunaliella tertiolecta Algae 0.805 0.000% Secondary Trematomus lepidorhinus Slender scalyhead 0.785 0.000% Secondary Pagetopsis maculatus Channichthid sp 0.63 0.000% Secondary Magnisudis prionosa Southern barracudina 0.52 0.000% Secondary Gasterosteus aculeatus Three-spined stickleback 0.24 0.000% Secondary 4 MSC IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP version 1.2 (1st May 2020) 3398N02C Paraliparis spp Snailfish sp 0.225 0.000% Secondary Paradiplospinus antarcticus Antarctic escolar 0.2 0.000% Secondary Loligo gahi Cuttlefish 0.165 0.000% Secondary Dacodraco hunteri Crocodile icefish sp 0.14 0.000% Secondary Nototheniidae Notothenid sp 0.05 0.000% Secondary Natantia Decapod sp 0.02 0.000% Secondary Alopias superciliosus Bigeye thresher – dubious identification 0.005 0.000% Secondary (far outside the geographical range, to be checked at the site visit) Octopodidae Octopus 0.005 0.000% Secondary Artedidraco mirus Perciform sp 0.001 0.000% Secondary 7.5.8.1 e. The IPI stocks are not certified separately Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is the only species under assessment in the list above. This stock is currently certified in two other fisheries. None of the IPI species are certified separately. Considering the information presented above, the team believes that the Jeong II Corporation krill fisheries meets the requirements for FCP v2.1 7.5.8.1 b-e. 2a Rationale to indicate fish and fish products from IPI stocks may enter further chains of custody Regarding Annex PA 1.2.1 CU UK have reviewed the information available on the IPI stocks (observer reports) and do not propose any modification of the default assessment tree. All IPI catches will be scored under primary and secondary species (PA1.2.2a) and separately will assess the impact of all fishing activity on the IPI stocks (PA1.2.2.b and PA1.4.2). Rationale to indicate fish and fish products from IPI stocks may enter further chains of custody with an 2b exemption to additional assessment requirements In addition to meeting the requirements of MSC FCP v2.1 Clause 7.5.8.1, the team believes the fishery also meets Clause 7.5.11.b. A. The catch proportion of IPI stocks calculated in 7.5.8.1.c is less than or equal to 2% of the total catch of IPI stock(s) by the UoA does not create a significant impact on the IPI stock(s) as a whole. The table above, presenting observer data (100% observer coverage) from 2016-2019 indicates that Antarctic krill make up 99.99% of the catch for the UoA. This data demonstrates the selectivity of the gear and fishing practices. The most common non target species are Ocellated icefish (Chionodraco rastrospinosus), Mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari – assessed as a primary species), and salps (salpidae). Roughly 1 tonne of each of the aforementioned species was caught over the course of three years (compared to ~53 000 t of krill over the same period). This is equivalent to approximately 1.9g of each of the aforementioned species per tonne of krill caught in this fishery between 2016 and 2019. If the removal of such quantities of a keystone species (krill) is considered acceptable by the management authority, it is unlikely that the quantities of bycatch caught in this fishery would cause unacceptable impacts to the respective bycatch stocks. CU UK also notes that natural mortality on fish larvae is typically high. Fuiman & Werner (2002) state the following: for marine species, only 180 individuals are expected to survive the larval stage (>99.9% mortality) from an initial cohort of one million larvae under conditions of average mortality rates and larval stage durations (36 days). The larval phase for the icefish species incidentally caught in this fishery is long (Kock & Hellermann, 1991) – a prolonged high- risk life phase likely means that natural mortality is even higher at this stage for these species. Removal of minor quantities from the UoA is highly likely to be negligible compared to the natural mortality at this life stage. 5 MSC IPI Announcement Template 1.0, CUP version 1.2 (1st May 2020) 3398N02C CU UK believes that the UoAs activity does not create a significant impact on the IPI stock(s) as a whole, given their low relative proportion in the catch. B. The CAB shall note that significant impact will be assessed on basis of the status of the IPI stock, and the risk that the IPI catch poses to the health of the IPI stock.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Review of Southern Ocean Squids Using Nets and Beaks
    Marine Biodiversity (2020) 50:98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01113-4 REVIEW A review of Southern Ocean squids using nets and beaks Yves Cherel1 Received: 31 May 2020 /Revised: 31 August 2020 /Accepted: 3 September 2020 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 2020 Abstract This review presents an innovative approach to investigate the teuthofauna from the Southern Ocean by combining two com- plementary data sets, the literature on cephalopod taxonomy and biogeography, together with predator dietary investigations. Sixty squids were recorded south of the Subtropical Front, including one circumpolar Antarctic (Psychroteuthis glacialis Thiele, 1920), 13 circumpolar Southern Ocean, 20 circumpolar subantarctic, eight regional subantarctic, and 12 occasional subantarctic species. A critical evaluation removed five species from the list, and one species has an unknown taxonomic status. The 42 Southern Ocean squids belong to three large taxonomic units, bathyteuthoids (n = 1 species), myopsids (n =1),andoegopsids (n = 40). A high level of endemism (21 species, 50%, all oegopsids) characterizes the Southern Ocean teuthofauna. Seventeen families of oegopsids are represented, with three dominating families, onychoteuthids (seven species, five endemics), ommastrephids (six species, three endemics), and cranchiids (five species, three endemics). Recent improvements in beak identification and taxonomy allowed making new correspondence between beak and species names, such as Galiteuthis suhmi (Hoyle 1886), Liguriella podophtalma Issel, 1908, and the recently described Taonius notalia Evans, in prep. Gonatus phoebetriae beaks were synonymized with those of Gonatopsis octopedatus Sasaki, 1920, thus increasing significantly the number of records and detailing the circumpolar distribution of this rarely caught Southern Ocean squid. The review extends considerably the number of species, including endemics, recorded from the Southern Ocean, but it also highlights that the corresponding species to two well-described beaks (Moroteuthopsis sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Examples of Amino Acid Changes in Notothenioids Methods To
    Supplementary Information S1 Candidate genes: examples of amino acid changes in notothenioids Methods To evaluate notothenioid amino acid changes in a cross‐section of genes, six candidates from a range of functional categories of interest were chosen for a more detailed examination. The selected genes comprised small, well‐characterised genes present in multiple fish species (mainly teleosts, but in some cases these analyses were extended to the Actinopterygii when sequences from the spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) were available) and available in at least two notothenioids. The amino acid composition of a series of six candidate genes were further analysed in depth at the amino acid sequence level. These genes were superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), neuroglobin, dihydrofolate reductase (both paralogues), p53 and calmodulin. Clustal X alignments were constructed from orthologues identified in the four Notothenioid transcriptomes along with other fish orthologues extracted from either SwissProt (Bateman et al., 2017) or Ensembl release 91 (Aken et al., 2017). Alignment data were visualised and annotated in BoxShade version 3.21 (https://embnet.vital‐ it.ch/software/BOX_form.html). Notothenioid‐specific changes were noted and the type of substitution in terms of amino acid properties was noted. Results A range of amino acid changes were revealed, from virtually complete conservation between the notothenioids and other fish (calmodulin), to one amino acid substitution present in neuroglobin and SOD1, to more extensive changes in dihydrofolate reductase, dihydrofolate reductase‐like and p53. In the case of the latter three genes, notothenioid‐specific changes were at positions that were often highly variable in temperate fish species with up to six different amino acid substitutions and did not result in a definable pattern of directional substitution.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Rare and Insufficiently Studied Snailfish (Liparidae
    International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Zoology Volume 2011, Article ID 341640, 12 pages doi:10.5402/2011/341640 Review Article Some Rare and Insufficiently Studied Snailfish (Liparidae, Scorpaeniformes, Pisces) in the Pacific Waters off the Northern Kuril Islands and Southeastern Kamchatka, Russia A. M. Orlov1 andA.M.Tokranov2 1 Laboratory of Atlantic Basin, Department of International Fisheries Cooperation, Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), 17 V. Krasnoselskaya, Moscow 107140, Russia 2 Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Institute of Geography, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Partizanskaya, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683000, Russia CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoA.M.Orlov,[email protected] Received 19 January 2011; Accepted 13 March 2011 Academic Editors: D. Park and M. Mooring Copyright © 2011 A. M. Orlov and A. M. Tokranov. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Spatial and vertical distributions, size-weight compositions, age, and diets of 10 rare or poorly known snailfish (Liparidae) from the Pacific off the southeastern Kamchatka and the northern Kuril Islands are described. The species include blacktip snailfish Careproctus zachirus, Alaska snailfish C. colletti, blacktail snailfish C. melanurus, proboscis snailfish C. simus, falcate snailfish C. cypselurus, big-disc snailfish Squaloliparis dentatus, longtip snailfish Elassodiscus obscurus, slender snailfish Paraliparis grandis, gloved snailfish Palmoliparis beckeri, and stout snailfish Allocareproctus jordani. These species inhabit a wide range of depths. Careproctus melanurus, C. cypselurus, E. obscurus, P. grandis, and C. colletti are the deepest; C. simus and S. dentatus occur mostly between 300 and 600 m; the three other species seldom occur at depths of 150–200 m.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Weddell
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OceanRep Antarctic Science 6 (2):235-239 (1994) Distribution and lipid composition of early life stages of the cranchiid squid Galiteuthis glacialis (Chun) in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica UWE PIATKOWSKIl and WILHELM HAGEN2 'Institut fiir Meereskunde, Universitat Kiel, Diisternbrooker Weg 20,D-24105Kiel, Germany 'Institut fir Polarohdogie, Universitat Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3,Gebuude 12,D-24148Kiel, Germany Abstract: The relatively small numbers of pelagic cephalopods caught in the RMT-8 samples (0-300 m) in FebruaryMarch 1983 in the Weddell Sea were dominated by early life stages of the cranchiid squid Galiteuthis glacialis. A total of 48 specimens were caught with dorsal mantle length (ML) ranging from 4-36 mm. They occurred with amean density of 0.15 ind. x 1000 mJ and were present in 38% of 33 RMT-8 samples. G. glacialis was the only cranchiid squid found in the Weddell Sea between 66" and 74"s. Its early life stageswere concentrated in the layers below the summer thermocline (>50 m) and body sizes appeared to increase towards deeper water layers. For biochemical analyses, nine specimens of G. glacialis (ML 6-18 mm) were sampled in the eastern Weddell Seabetween 185-520mwater depth in JanuaryFebruaIy 1985. Totallipidcontentsrangedfrom8%-11% dry weight (DW) with phospholipids being the main lipid component (43-56% of total lipid). Storage lipids (triacylglycerols) made up 18-26% of total lipid. The relatively low lipid contents may reflect the early developmental stage of the specimens examined. The data presented give the first information on geographical and vertical distribution patterns of early life stages of G.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution, Habitat and Trophic Ecology of Antarctic
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NERC Open Research Archive 1 Distribution, habitat and trophic ecology of Antarctic 2 cephalopods: inferences from predators and stable isotopes 3 4 J. Seco1, J. Roberts2, F.Ceia1, A. Baeta1, J. A. Ramos1, V. Paiva1, J.C. Xavier1,2 5 6 1 Institute of Marine Research, Department of Life science, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 7 [email protected] 8 9 2 Natural Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Greta Point, PO Box 10 14-901, Kirbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand 11 12 3 British Antarctic Survey, NERC; High Cross, Madingley Road, CB3 0ET, Cambridge, UK 13 14 15 Abstract: 16 Cephalopods play a key role in the marine environment but knowledge of their 17 feeding habits is limited by a lack of observations and this is particularly true for 18 Antarctic species. Toothfish species are key predators of cephalopods and may be 19 viewed as ideal biological samplers of these species. A total of 256 cephalopod lower 20 beaks were identified from the stomachs of Patagonian (Dissostichus eleginoides) and 21 Antarctic toothfish (D. mawsoni), captured in fisheries of South Georgia and the 22 South Sandwich Islands in the South Atlantic. Long-armed octopus squid 23 (Kondakovia longimana) and smooth-hooked squid (Moroteuthis knipovitchi) were 24 the main cephalopod prey and both were predated upon wherever toothfish were 25 captured, though inhabit deeper waters at the South Sandwich Islands than at South 26 Georgia. Measurements of δ 13C from beak material indicated a clear segregation of 27 habitat use comparing adult and sub-adult sized K.
    [Show full text]
  • Title First Records of the Snailfish Careproctus Lycopersicus (Cottoidei
    First Records of the Snailfish Careproctus lycopersicus Title (Cottoidei: Liparidae) from the Western North Pacific Author(s) Kai, Yoshiaki; Matsuzaki, Koji; Mori, Toshiaki Citation Species Diversity (2019), 24(2): 115-118 Issue Date 2019-07-25 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253532 © 2019 The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology; 許諾条 Right 件に基づいて掲載しています。 Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University Species Diversity 24: 115–118 Published online 25 July 2019 DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.24.115 First Records of the Snailfish Careproctus lycopersicus (Cottoidei: Liparidae) from the Western North Pacific Yoshiaki Kai1,3, Koji Matsuzaki2, and Toshiaki Mori2 1 Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Nagahama, Maizuru, Kyoto 625-0086, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 2 Marine Science Museum, Fukushima (Aquamarine Fukushima), Onahama, Iwaki, Fukushima 971-8101, Japan 3 Corresponding author (Received 8 March 2019; Accepted 14 May 2019) Four specimens (168.6–204.4 mm standard length) of Careproctus lycopersicus Orr, 2012, previously recorded from the Bering Sea and eastern Aleutian Islands, were collected from the southern Sea of Okhotsk (the Nemuro Strait, eastern Hokkaido, Japan). These specimens represent the first records of the species from the western North Pacific. A detailed description is provided for the specimens, including the intraspecific variations. The new standard Japanese name “Tomato- kon’nyaku-uo” is proposed for the species. Key Words: Teleostei, Actinopterygii, Sea of Okhotsk, Japan, distribution. Introduction Materials and Methods Snailfishes of the family Liparidae Scopoli, 1777 compose Counts, measurements, and descriptive terminology fol- a large and diverse group in the suborder Cottoidei, hav- low Orr and Maslenikov (2007).
    [Show full text]
  • Species Status Assessment Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes Fosteri)
    SPECIES STATUS ASSESSMENT EMPEROR PENGUIN (APTENODYTES FOSTERI) Emperor penguin chicks being socialized by male parents at Auster Rookery, 2008. Photo Credit: Gary Miller, Australian Antarctic Program. Version 1.0 December 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services Program Branch of Delisting and Foreign Species Falls Church, Virginia Acknowledgements: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Penguins are flightless birds that are highly adapted for the marine environment. The emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species. Emperors are near the top of the Southern Ocean’s food chain and primarily consume Antarctic silverfish, Antarctic krill, and squid. They are excellent swimmers and can dive to great depths. The average life span of emperor penguin in the wild is 15 to 20 years. Emperor penguins currently breed at 61 colonies located around Antarctica, with the largest colonies in the Ross Sea and Weddell Sea. The total population size is estimated at approximately 270,000–280,000 breeding pairs or 625,000–650,000 total birds. Emperor penguin depends upon stable fast ice throughout their 8–9 month breeding season to complete the rearing of its single chick. They are the only warm-blooded Antarctic species that breeds during the austral winter and therefore uniquely adapted to its environment. Breeding colonies mainly occur on fast ice, close to the coast or closely offshore, and amongst closely packed grounded icebergs that prevent ice breaking out during the breeding season and provide shelter from the wind. Sea ice extent in the Southern Ocean has undergone considerable inter-annual variability over the last 40 years, although with much greater inter-annual variability in the five sectors than for the Southern Ocean as a whole.
    [Show full text]
  • A GUIDE to IDENTIFICATION of FISHES CAUGHT ALONG with the ANTARCTIC KRILL Author(S) 1) Iwami, T
    Document No. [ to be completed by the Secretariat ] WG-EMM-07/32 Date submitted [ to be completed by the Secretariat ] 1 July 2007 Language [ to be completed by the Secretariat ] Original: English Agenda Agenda Item No(s): 4.3 Title A GUIDE TO IDENTIFICATION OF FISHES CAUGHT ALONG WITH THE ANTARCTIC KRILL Author(s) 1) Iwami, T. and 2) M. Naganobu Affiliation(s) 1) Laboratory of Biology, Tokyo Kasei Gakuin University 2) National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries Published or accepted for publication elsewhere? Yes No x If published, give details ABSTRACT A field key to early life stages of Antarctic fish caught along with the Antarctic krill is produced. The key includes 8 families and 28 species mainly from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and uses distinguished characters which permit rapid field identification. In some cases, however, it is impossible to discriminate among species of the same family by remarkable characters. A species key is not shown for such resemble species and a brief summary of the main morphological features of species and genera is provided. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AS RELATED TO NOMINATED AGENDA ITEMS Agenda Item Finding 4.3 We are producing a practical field key to juvenile fish caught along with the Antarctic Scientific krill. To our knowledge more than 40 species of fish have been found as by-catch. Observation However, the number of dominant fish species found in the krill catch never exceeds 20 species. An useful and practical identification key to these dominant species maybe facilitate the quantitative assessment of fish in the krill catch.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling the Evolutionary Loss of Erythroid Genes by Antarctic Icefishes: Analysis of the Hemogen Gene Using Transgenic and Mutant Zebrafish
    Modeling the evolutionary loss of erythroid genes by Antarctic icefishes: analysis of the hemogen gene using transgenic and mutant zebrafish by Michael J. Peters B.S. in Biology, University of New Hampshire A dissertation submitted to The Faculty of the College of Science of Northeastern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 4, 2018 Dissertation directed by H. William Detrich, III Professor of Marine Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 1 Dedication For my Oma Oswald, who started this journey with me. 2 Acknowledgments I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. H William Detrich III, for encouraging me to be innovative and to pursue cutting-edge research. I thank the members of my committee, Drs. Erin Cram, Rebeca Rosengaus, Steven Vollmer, and Leonard Zon for their many helpful suggestions. I enjoyed working alongside Sandra Parker and Carmen Elenberger and appreciate their support. I also enjoyed working with many students including Caroline Benavides, Carolyn Dubnik, Carmen Elenberger, Laura Goetz, Urjeet Khanwalkar, Ben Moran, Alessia Santilli, Eileen Sheehan, Margaret Streeter, Kathleen Shusdock, and Sierra Smith. I especially thank Jonah Levin, who joined the lab as a high school student and has since continued working with me. I thank Corey Allard and Drs. Donald Yergeau and Jeffrey Grim for collecting samples that I used in my studies. I owe thanks to the staff of the Marine Science Center for their support, including Roberto Valdez, Sonya Simpson, Heather Sears, David Dawson, and Ryan Hill. I thank Drs. Joseph Ayers and Justin Ries for use of their facilities and Drs.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of the Eastern Ross Sea, Antarctica
    Polar Biol (2004) 27: 637–650 DOI 10.1007/s00300-004-0632-2 REVIEW Joseph Donnelly Æ Joseph J. Torres Tracey T. Sutton Æ Christina Simoniello Fishes of the eastern Ross Sea, Antarctica Received: 26 November 2003 / Revised: 16 April 2004 / Accepted: 20 April 2004 / Published online: 16 June 2004 Ó Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract Antarctic fishes were sampled with 41 midwater in Antarctica is dominated by a few fish families and 6 benthic trawls during the 1999–2000 austral (Bathylagidae, Gonostomatidae, Myctophidae and summer in the eastern Ross Sea. The oceanic pelagic Paralepididae) with faunal diversity decreasing south assemblage (0–1,000 m) contained Electrona antarctica, from the Antarctic Polar Front to the continent (Ever- Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus, Bathylagus antarcticus, son 1984; Kock 1992; Kellermann 1996). South of the Cyclothone kobayashii and Notolepis coatsi. These were Polar Front, the majority of meso- and bathypelagic replaced over the shelf by notothenioids, primarily Ple- fishes have circum-Antarctic distributions (McGinnis uragramma antarcticum. Pelagic biomass was low and 1982; Gon and Heemstra 1990). Taken collectively, the concentrated below 500 m. The demersal assemblage fishes are significant contributors to the pelagic biomass was characteristic of East Antarctica and included seven and are important trophic elements, both as predators species each of Artedidraconidae, Bathydraconidae and and prey (Rowedder 1979; Hopkins and Torres 1989; Channichthyidae, ten species of Nototheniidae, and Lancraft et al. 1989, 1991; Duhamel 1998). Over the three species each of Rajidae and Zoarcidae. Common continental slope and shelf, notothenioids dominate the species were Trematomus eulepidotus (36.5%), T. scotti ichthyofauna (DeWitt 1970). Most members of this (32.0%), Prionodraco evansii (4.9%), T.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Snailfish Genus Allocareproctus (Teleostei
    Zootaxa 1173: 1–37 (2006) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 1173 Copyright © 2006 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Revision of the snailfish genus Allocareproctus Pitruk & Fedorov (Teleostei: Liparidae), with descriptions of four new species from the Aleutian Islands JAMES WILDER ORR1 & MORGAN SCOTT BUSBY2 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Sci- ence Center, Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering Division, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Build- ing 4, Seattle, WA 98115, U.S.A; E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Table of contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Method and materials ........................................................................................................................ 3 Systematic accounts .......................................................................................................................... 4 Allocareproctus Pitruk & Fedorov 1993 .................................................................................... 4 Key to species of Allocareproctus ............................................................................................13 Allocareproctus jordani (Burke 1930) .....................................................................................14
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution to the Knowledge of the Parasitic Fauna of Fish Off Adelie Land, Antarctica
    vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 429–435, 2013 doi: 10.2478/popore−2013−0023 Contribution to the knowledge of the parasitic fauna of fish off Adelie Land, Antarctica Krzysztof ZDZITOWIECKI 1 and Catherine OZOUF−COSTAZ 2 1 Instytut Parazytologii, Polska Akademia Nauk, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00−818 Warszawa, Poland <[email protected] > 2 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 43 Rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France <[email protected]> Abstract: In total, 42 fish belonging to 16 species were examined. All fish were infected. Parasitic worms were endoparasites: Digenea (eight species), Cestoda (three mixed groups of larval forms), Acanthocephala (two species) and Nematoda (one species in adult and one in larval stage, and two Contracaecum spp. in larval stage). Undetermined parasitic Cope− poda and Hirudinea were external parasites. Summing up previous and new data 25 species and mixed groups were found. Parasites in larval stage using fish as intermediate or paratenic hosts were more numerous than species maturing in fish. For example, 1913 nem− atodes Contracaecum spp. were recorded in one fish, whereas the digenean, Genolinea bowersi, was the most numerous maturing parasite (168 specimens in one fish). Key words: Antarctica, Adelie Land, fish parasites. Introduction Only limited data on the occurrence of helminths in fish at Adelie Land have previously been published. Ten species were recorded in fish examined in neigh− bouring sub−coastal waters, but without numerical data regarding infections (Johnston and Best 1937; Johnston 1938; Johnston and Mawson 1945; Prudhoe 1969; Prudhoe and Bray 1973). Recently Zdzitowiecki (1998, 2001), Zdzito− wiecki et al. (1998) and Laskowski et al.
    [Show full text]