III. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
Section 15125 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines requires that an EIR include a
description of the existing environment. This section is intended to give a general overview of the environmental setting for this project. More detailed information on existing conditions is provided under each individual environmental topic studied in Section IV, Environmental Impact Analysis. This section also provides an overview of the related projects that are considered as part of the future conditions in evaluating cumulative impacts.
A. 1.
OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Project Site and Surrounding Area
Location
As stated in Section II, Project Description, the project site is located in the Wilshire Community Plan Area, approximately 2.5 miles north of the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10). In addition, the northern one-third portion of the project site is located within the Miracle Mile District, a mile-long commercial corridor fronting Wilshire Boulevard from Sycamore Avenue to Fairfax Avenue. The Wilshire and La Brea Project consists of a residential component and a retail/restaurant component. Specifically, the proposed project is situated on a 147,057-square-foot site that is bound by Wilshire Boulevard to the north, Sycamore Avenue to the east, 8th Street on the south, and La Brea Avenue to the west.
Existing Land Uses
The Wilshire Community Plan Area has a pattern of low- to medium-density residential uses interspersed with areas of higher-density residential uses. Long, narrow corridors of commercial activity can be found along major boulevards, including Wilshire Boulevard. The Miracle Mile District consists of a mixture of commercial, retail, upscale restaurants, and museums that are very popular destinations for tourists. The district also consists of single-family and multi-family residential areas predominately found to the south and east of the project site.
Other prominent land uses in the immediate vicinity of the project site include high-rise office buildings, La Brea Tar Pits, Hancock Park, Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), Cantor Sculpture Garden, Japanese Art Pavilion, and many surface parking lots. The photographs contained in
Figures III-1, Surrounding Land Uses, through III-5, Surrounding Land Uses, depict surrounding land
uses. The project site is currently occupied by a church, a commercial strip center, and paved parking areas. The paved parking areas are utilized by both the church and commercial strip center patrons. Land uses
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III. General Description of Environmental Setting
surrounding the Wilshire and La Brea site generally include: commercial-retail, office, and residential uses. Specifically, surrounding the site are the following:
North: Existing land uses north of the project site include a Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) Customer Center, the E. Clem Wilson Building, an office building with ground-floor retail, the Zephyr Club, an office building a fast food restaurant, and a car dealership.
South: Existing land uses south of the project site currently include a tire store and other small retail stores and apartments.
East: Existing land uses east of the project site currently include residential dwellings and a commercial strip center with various commercial-retail uses.
West: Existing land uses west of the project site include commercial retail and office uses.
Transportation
Roadway Infrastructure
The project site is served by the local road system. Regional access to and from the project site is provided by the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10), located approximately 2.5 miles south of the site. The primary north-south street serving the project site is La Brea Avenue. The primary east-west street serving the project area is Wilshire Boulevard. Immediate access to the Wilshire and La Brea Project site is provided via Wilshire Boulevard and La Brea Avenue. The existing streets in the vicinity of the project site generally form a grid system, thus allowing easy access to and from the site in all directions.
Public Transportation Services
There are two main sources of public transportation near the project site: the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) and the Los Angeles Department of Transportation (LADOT). As shown in
Figure III-6, Public Transportation Routes, the MTA and LADOT operate several bus routes in the
vicinity of the project site. The MTA offers routes 212 and 312 along La Brea Avenue between Hollywood and Hawthorne, but the routes are generally limited. Along Wilshire Boulevard, the MTA also offers bus routes 20/21 and 720 between Downtown Los Angeles and Santa Monica. In addition, the MTA operates the Metro Purple Line in the vicinity of the project. The closest Purple Line station to the proposed project is located at the intersection of Wilshire Boulevard and Western Avenue, approximately 2 miles east of the project site. The Purple Line provides service from the Wilshire and Western Station down to Union Station in Downtown Los Angeles, thereby linking the project area to the continually expanding rail network. There is also a transfer station located at Wilshire Boulevard and Vermont Avenue that allows people traveling on the Purple Line to transfer to the Metro Red Line. The Red Line provides rail transportation through Downtown Los Angeles, the Mid-Wilshire District, and North Hollywood.
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Surrounding land use for southwest corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing south
Surrounding land use for southwest corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing southwest
SOURCE: EFI Global, Inc. – November 2006
FIGURE
III-1
Surrounding Land Uses
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Surrounding land use for southwest corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing west. Surrounding land use for southeast corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing east.
SOURCE: EFI Global, Inc. – November 2006
FIGURE
III-2
Surrounding Land Uses
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Surrounding land use for northeast corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing east. Surrounding land use for northeast corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing south.
SOURCE: EFI Global, Inc. – November 2006
FIGURE
III-3
Surrounding Land Uses
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Surrounding land use for northeast corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing northeast.
Surrounding land use for northeast corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing north.
SOURCE: EFI Global, Inc. – November 2006
FIGURE
III-4
Surrounding Land Uses
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Surrounding land use for northwest corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing north. Surrounding land use for northwest corner of the Wilshire/La Brea property viewing west.
SOURCE: EFI Global, Inc. – November 2006
FIGURE
III-5
Surrounding Land Uses
906-001•06/07
Project Site
Metro Bus and Metro Train Routes Map
Project Site
LADOT Dash Routes Map
SOURCE: LADOT City of Los Angels Department of Transportation; LACMTA Metro System Map - 2007.
FIGURE
III-6
Public Transportation Routes
906-001•06/07
III. General Description of Environmental Setting
The LADOT also provides a bus service in the vicinity of the project site. The DASH Fairfax (E) route provides service to the project site with two local bus stops, one at Wilshire Boulevard and La Brea Avenue, and another on La Brea Avenue just south of 6th Street. Bus service at these locations is available about every 15 minutes.
Public Services and Utility Systems
The project site is within the City of Los Angeles; as such, the Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD) and Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) provide fire and police protective services, respectively, to the project site and the surrounding area. Water and electricity are provided through the City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP). Natural gas service is provided through Southern California Gas Company. Wastewater is conveyed and treated by the Los Angeles Department of Public Works (LADPW). The Los Angeles Public Library, the City of Los Angeles Community College District, the City of Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks, and the Los Angeles Unified School District also serve the project vicinity.
- 2.
- Applicable Plans and Policies
The following presents an overview of the regulatory framework applicable to the project site. A review of the consistency of the project with these local and regional plans is included in Section IV,
Environmental Impact Analysis.
The City of Los Angeles General Plan
California state law (Government Code Section 65300) requires that each City prepares and adopts a comprehensive, long-term general plan for its future development. Adopted in 1996, the City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework Element presents the long-range, comprehensive growth strategy and provides a Citywide context within which local planning can take place. The City’s general plan Land Use Element is composed of community plans that establish land use policy and standards for each of the 35 community planning areas. The project site is located within the Wilshire Community Plan Area, which is surrounded by the Hollywood Community Plan Area to the north, the Silver Lake–Echo Park and Westlake Community Plan Areas to the east, the South Central Los Angeles and West-AdamsLeimert-Baldwin Hills Plan Areas to the south, and the West Los Angeles Community Plan Area to the west. In addition, the northern one-third portion of the project site is also located within the boundaries of the Miracle Mile Community Design Overlay District (CDO), which oversees and implements specific plans for enhancing the Miracle Mile District of the Wilshire Community Plan.
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III. General Description of Environmental Setting
Wilshire Community Plan
As stated above, the proposed project lies within the Wilshire Community Plan Area. The Wilshire Community Plan Area is bounded by Melrose Avenue and Rosewood Avenue to the north, Hoover Street to the east, 18th Street, Venice Boulevard and Pico Boulevard to the south, and the cities of West Hollywood and Beverly Hills to the west.
The Wilshire Community Plan further refines the Los Angeles City General Plan and is intended to promote an arrangement of land uses, streets, and services, which will encourage and contribute to the economic, social, and physical health, and to the welfare of the people that work and reside in the community.
The Wilshire Community Plan sets forth planning goals and objectives to maintain the community’s distinctive character by
enhancing the positive characteristics of residential neighborhoods while providing a variety of housing opportunities;
improving the function, design and economic viability of commercial areas; preserving and enhancing the positive characteristics of existing uses, which provide the foundation of community identity such as scale, height, bulk, setbacks and appearance;
maximizing development opportunities around existing and future transit systems while minimizing adverse impacts;
preserving and strengthening commercial developments to provide diverse job-producing economic base; and
improving quality of the built environment through design guidelines, streetscape improvements, and other physical improvements, which enhance the appearance of the community.
Miracle Mile Community Design Overlay District
The Miracle Mile District is a 1-mile stretch of Wilshire Boulevard that is located between Sycamore Avenue to the east and Fairfax Avenue to the west. Conceived as an affluent shopping area for the nouveau riche in the early 1920s, the district was designed with the newly introduced automobile in mind. As a result, Wilshire Boulevard was much wider than other streets in the City at the time with large storefronts and windows so that motorists could easily see what was inside of the stores lining the roadway. However, unlike commercial strip malls of today, the Miracle Mile still resembled a traditional main street with a strong pedestrian orientation. Thus, the Miracle Mile was developed to accommodate
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both pedestrians and automobiles with parking located in the rear and two dominant entrances, one in the front for pedestrians and one in the rear for those traveling by car. These retail buildings were also highly stylized, designed in Art Deco, and constructed of high-quality materials to lure wealthy clients.
Today, Miracle Mile is characterized by numerous high-rise office buildings, neighborhood retail, well-known entertainment establishments, and the City’s greatest concentration of museums. The district also contains some of the best examples of Art Deco architecture in the country. Over the years, many of the premier examples of this Art Deco architecture have been demolished to make room for new development. Unfortunately, much of this new development has been inconsistent with the surrounding environment.
The Miracle Mile Community Design Overlay works within the Wilshire Community Plan to specifically create guidelines that enhance the identity of the 1-mile district. These guidelines set forth in the Miracle Mile CDO help establish goals that
promote development that preserves and enhances the physical appearance of the corridor and contributes to the District’s unique historical context;
encourage development that adds to a pedestrian friendly retail environment and contributes to the safety and comfort of both pedestrian and automobile traffic;
provide direction in site planning and insure a high degree of design quality in development of the Miracle Mile through the use of Design Guidelines and Standards; and
preserve architecturally significant buildings in the Miracle Mile by providing direction of the responsible rehabilitation of these developments.
The Miracle Mile CDO has also created five specific building design-principles for new developments to help coincide with the structures that already exist along the Miracle Mile. These guidelines have helped promote and enhance the quality of the district. The Wilshire and La Brea Project will adhere to these five guidelines to help establish an appropriate development for the property. Specifically, these five guidelines state
Consistency: The Miracle Mile CDO features a mixture of development types including high-rise office towers, large-scale commercial development, neighborhood-serving retail, nighttime entertainment venues, and regionally significant museums. Design of these structures has been influenced by use, age, and site dimensions. Within the context of these constraints, developments can achieve the principle of consistency through selection of colors, exterior surface materials, landscaping and sign programs.
Activity: Active street life, which can be enhanced by design considerations, is a major component of thriving pedestrian commercial districts. In spite of recent development, which has detracted from a pedestrian environment, many of the area’s residents, workers and shoppers opt to walk along the Miracle
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Mile. Through building orientation, circulation, storefront design and landscaping, development can further promote the principle of pedestrian activity.
Pedestrian Orientation: Pedestrian orientation can be achieved through storefront ornamentation, reduction of blank surfaces, building articulation, color, and texture. Guidelines and Standards based upon this principal address wall surfaces, windows, awnings, signage, and architectural treatments.
Safety: Public safety is critical to the success of a commercial district. Public safety in this case refers not only to safety from criminal activity, but also creating an environment in which pedestrian and automobile traffic can safely coexist. The design and development of commercial centers and the public open space adjacent to them should include considerations of public safety. Public safety issues can be addressed through site planning considerations such as the location of parking lots, lighting, signage and landscaping.
Simplicity: Design Guidelines and Standards for the Miracle Mile CDO should provide for public convenience by clearly identifying the nature of the business and communicating points of ingress and egress for pedestrian and automobile traffic
The City of Los Angeles Municipal Code
The project site is subject to the provisions of the City of Los Angeles Municipal Code, particularly the planning and zoning provisions of Chapter 1. The Los Angeles Zoning Code is the primary tool for implementing the general plan Land Use Element. For each defined zone, the ordinance identifies permitted uses and applicable development standards for characteristics of development, such as density, height, parking, and landscaping requirements.
Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide
The Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) is the federally designated metropolitan planning organization for the Southern California region. The project site is within the six-county jurisdiction of SCAG, which includes portions of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, Ventura, and Imperial Counties.
To coordinate regional planning efforts, SCAG has prepared the Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG). The RCPG is a comprehensive document intended to serve the SCAG region as a framework for decision making for the next 20 years. The plan includes broad goals for the region and identifies strategies designed to guide local decision making. The Growth Management Chapter of the RCPG focuses on the relationship of land use patterns and transportation in the region. This chapter provides guidelines for development in relation to growth and land use issues.
Employment, housing, and population forecasts are included for each subregion within the RCPG. These forecasts provide parameters for the development of the Regional Mobility Element. The Regional
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Mobility Element links the goal of sustaining mobility with the goals of fostering economic development; enhancing the environment; reducing energy consumption; promoting transportation-friendly development patterns; and encouraging fair and equitable access to residents affected by socio-economic, geographic, and commercial limitations.
Regional Transportation Plan
In addition to the RCPG, SCAG has prepared the 2004 Regional Transportation Plan (RTP). The RTP is a 20-year transportation plan that envisions a future multi-modal transportation system for the region. In compliance with state and federal requirements, SCAG prepares the Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP) to implement projects and programs listed in the RTP. Updated every other year, the RTIP includes a listing of all transportation capital projects proposed for the region over a six-year horizon.
Compass Growth Vision Report
In an effort to maintain the region’s prosperity, continue to expand its economy, house its residents affordably, and protect its environmental setting, SCAG embarked on a visioning process by soliciting input from public and private stakeholders throughout the region. The 2004 Growth Vision Report represents the outcome of this process. The report contains four principles to promote and maximize regional mobility, livability, prosperity, and sustainability. Decisions regarding growth, transportation, land use, and economic development in the region should support and be guided by these principles.
Los Angeles County Congestion Management Plan
Los Angeles is one of 32 “urbanized” counties in California required by state statute to develop a Congestion Management Program (CMP). The Los Angeles County CMP also meets the federal requirements for a Congestion Management System (CMS) pursuant to the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). The MTA is the designated Congestion Management Agency for Los Angeles County. The CMP not only addresses regional congestion, but also supports efforts to improve air quality. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) is consulted to ensure that the CMP is developed in accordance with the region’s air quality goals. The CMP provides an opportunity to coordinate transportation control measures (TCM) with the SCAQMD’s Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). Increased mobility and reduced congestion also serve the goal of benefiting the local economy. Moreover, the CMP contains specific provisions to pursue economic development opportunities while managing congestion.