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Learning from Biology and Ecology = Spons Cultuur

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Learning from Biology and Ecology = Spons Cultuur Sponge Culture: Learning from Biology and Ecology Promotoren Prof. Dr. Ir. R.H. Wijffels Hoogleraar in de Bioprocestechnologie, Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. M.J. Uriz Onderzoeks hoogleraar aan Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB) Samenstelling promotiecommissie Prof. Dr. S.C. de Vries, Wageningen Universiteit Prof. Dr. W.E.G. Müller, Johannes Gutenburg Universität, Germany Dr. F.C. van Duyl, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) Dr. X. Turon, University of Barcelona, Spain Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoekschool VLAG Sònia de Caralt Bosch Sponge Culture: Learning from Biology and Ecology Spons Cultuur: Leren van Biologie and Ecologie Proefschrift Ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, Prof. Dr. M.J. Kropff, in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 29 mei 2007 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula. Sònia de Caralt Bosch, 2007 Sponge Biotechnology: Learning from Biology and Ecology PhD thesis, Wageningen University with summaries in Dutch and Catalan ISBN 978-90-8504-657-8 Als meus pares Acknowledgements - Agraïments I per fi els agraïments, l’últim pas per deixar completa la tesi. Perquè vull deixar clar que això ho he aconseguit amb l’ajuda de molts i vull donar les gràcies a tots. And at the end the acknowledgements, the last step to complete the thesis. Because I want to emphasize that I could complete it with the help of a lot of people and I want thank everyone. Començaré per els meus directors de tesi: la Iosune i el René. Gràcies per saber entendre-us tan bé entre vosaltres i amb mi, això demana temps i una bona dosi de comprensió, paciència, i tenir la ment molt oberta! Per tots dos m’he sentit recolzada, animada, i valorada: heu aconseguit fer-me sentir una privilegiada! He après molt de tots dos, una bona combinació de biologia i biotecnologia! Iosune, em vas posar el cuc de la tesi a dins, i mira! Gràcies per fer que semblés tant fàcil i divertit, tu m’has ensenyat la importància dels detalls en el món de la ciència i a sobre m’has contagiat l’emoció per la descoberta. René, especialment gràcies a tu he aconseguit acabar la tesi, gràcies per la teva generositat, per acollir-me a Holanda, per creure en mi i fer possible que continués en el tema. Al teu costat la feina tant pot ser una aventura com una festa, tu m’has ensenyat a no rendir-me. I will start with my thesis “promotoren”: Iosune and René. Thanks for the mutual understanding. This takes time and you have needed a good dosis of comprehension, patience and to have an open mind! Both of you supported, encouraged, and valuated me: you made me feel privileged! I have learned a lot from both of you, a good combination of biology and biotechnology! Iosune, because of you I wanted to start this thesis, and look! Thanks to make the process so easy and funny, you have showed me the importance of so many details in the science world and furthermore you have infected with me the excitement of discovery. René, I specially thank you that I could finish this thesis, I ó thanks for your generosity, to receive me in Holland, to believe in me and to make it possible that I could continue in this subject. Close to you, the work can be an adventure as well as a party. You taught me not to surrender. També vull donar les gràcies de manera especial a en Xavier Turon, que em va iniciar en el món de la ciència: primer com a profe de “zoo”, després em vas deixar col·laborar en el departament de la universitat, i vas ser el meu director de màster. Des de llavors, sempre has sigut un incondicional, disposat a ajudar amb l’estadística, al microscopi electrònic, a l’aigua, amb les gràfiques, ... i amb un bon sopar. Mil gràcies. Quan vaig arribar a Blanes em vaig trobar amb dues sorpreses fantàstiques: la primera era el luxe de poder dinar a la platja, i l’altre era el tàndem Emma-Ruth. Ens ho vam passar bomba. Us admiro de veritat, l’espontaneïtat de la Ruth i la generositat de l’Emma fa que la determinació que transmeteu es contagiï! I Emma, gràcies per ajudar en infinitat de coses: des de l’organització de sopars-celebracions, fins a resoldre dubtes científico-existencials! I sobretot gràcies per compartir tant amb mi,... fins i tot la casa i el despatx...! Una gran quantitat d’immersions d’aquesta tesi les ha fetes, igual que jo, l’ Andrea, que com a companya és estupenda, sobretot per fer rècords de rapidesa sota aigua (concretament a l’hivern)! Gràcies per facilitar tant les coses amb la teva alegre eficiència! Obviously, the “Dutch people” have a very important place in my acknowledgements, because I owe them a lot. I want to thank Detmer, because when I arrived in Holland a little bit disoriented and he was a great host. Thanks for all your help inside and outside the laboratory, specially driving around your nice country. I also want to thank Marieke, always there to help me with whatever I needed, to be my logistic support in the Netherlands by receiving me in her house, and always ready to spend some good time drinking some “biers”. Dank je wel to both of you for your warm hospitality! óII També a sa Marta, que anem seguint-nos per la vida: entre la Universitat, Menorca i Blanes, fins i tot a Can Carbonell. Hem passat molt bones estones! gràcies per portar “sa calma” en qualsevol moment! És molt útil! L’ajuda amb el citòmetre per part de la Marta R i la Ero ha sigut essencial, i moltes gràcies per haver-me proporcionat tantes larves i sempre amb tan bona disposició. També vull agrair a molts “Ceabins” que amb el seu treball diari han fet que el meu fos possible: a la Gemma, que sobretot durant el primer any, em va ensenyar com funcionava el laboratori. A la Maria B per filtracions i filtracions d’aigua, al Gustavo i al Ferran per dur la barca i carretejar trastos amunt i avall, a la Susanna Pla per les anàlisi d’aigua i per el subministrament de material, a la Roser i la Marta, per la bona disposició a l’hora de fer papers i a la Patro i la Dolores, per saber fer amb el cafè de les 5 un caliu tan familiar. A la resta de gent del CEAB, que amb ajudes esporàdiques o no tant esporàdiques (eh? Cristina i Paula!) han estat on havien d’estar per fer-ho tot més divertit i suportable, ja sigui amb la seva companyia durant els dinarets al solet, o als cafès, o amb algun sopar extraoficial: gràcies Joao, Natàlia, Kike (i també per les fotos de luxe, incloent les de la intro), Guillermo, Fede, Simone, Xavi, Begoña, Javi, Maria, Teresa, Núria, Raquel, Susanna Pi, Eugènia, Pauletta, Toni, Marc, Teresa, Jordi, Pep i Rafael. I also want to express my gratitude to everybody of the Bioprocess Engineering group. All of you have facilitated my stay, specially trying to understand my awful English! Thanks Ronald to have time for me between project and project. Jan-Willem to share office and dinners with you was cool. Thanks to Henri, who was better a colleague than a student, to Fred, for your indispensable assistance with the tanks, to Rouke for making me laugh so much “Tjongejongejonge”, and also to Martin and Joyce for patiently answering my e- IIIó mails from Spain. My larvae were happy in the tanks of Michiel at RIVO; from them and me, thanks you! At the end of this long process, it has been a pleasure to meet Dominick (thanks for so many good ideas) and Marzia. També vull agrair a tots els meus amics fora d’aquests cercles, a tot aquells que sempre han mostrat un interès cap a la meva feina, encara que fos formulant la pregunta típica: “què tal les espongetes?”. Moltes gràcies a tots i sobretot gràcies Montse, pel teu sincer interès i el teu suport constant. Per a mi, el meu pare i la meva mare han estat els responsables de tot això. Vosaltres m’heu inculcat les ganes i l’interès per l’estudi, l’amor per la natura i l’admiració pel mar, gràcies per tots aquests regals, per estar sempre al meu costat, per creure i confiar en mi i en tot el que feia, gràcies per ensenyar-me a gaudir de la vida. Els meus germans, Kike i Òscar, són part de mi, gràcies per estimar-nos tant. Els meus avis, les meves arrels, gràcies per tenir aquella fe cega en mi, i per fer-la tant explícita! A l’Edu li vull agrair moltes coses, primer l’amor, després TOT. Gràcies per l’orgull que sents per mi, per la importància que li has donat a la meva feina i en concret a aquesta tesi, i per la paciència (sobretot en l’últim tram) que has demostrat tenir! En definitiva m’agradaria donar les gràcies a tots aquells que han pensat que aquesta tesi mereixia el seu esforç. Moltíssimes Gràcies!!! In fact, I would like to give my gratitude to everyone who believed that this thesis deserved their effort. Thank you a lot!!! Sònia Mataró, 22 de Març de 2007 óIV Contents Acknowledgements – Agraïments I Contents V Chapter I. Introduction 1 General introduction 3 Thesis outline 8 Chapter II.
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