Indaba Meets Again to Plan Tactics, Despite Discouraging Response Political Staff It Was Also Likely That Mr Posals Were Harshly Criticised

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Indaba Meets Again to Plan Tactics, Despite Discouraging Response Political Staff It Was Also Likely That Mr Posals Were Harshly Criticised unis's reacti : th t ck .. Indaba meets again to plan tactics, despite discouraging response Political Staff It was also likely that Mr posals were harshly criticised. Heunis would be given a moti- Mr Heunis today defended Mr DURBAN - The Natal/kwaZu- vation for a referendum in Botha's right to make the state- lu Indaba meets today to plan Natal on the proposals. ment before the Government tactics and tie up crucial loose There is now no doubt that had considered the proposals . ends in the face of discouraging members of the Indaba will go Mr Botha, as leader . of the Government reaction to its pro- ahead with their referendum if National Party in Natal, was re- posals. the Government refuses to hold presented at the Indaba with ob- In the latest setback, Consti- one. server status. tutional Development Minister This has been confirmed by "Quite obviously he has the Mr Chris Heunis has emphasised Mr Frank Martin, former elect- right to respond and to com- that he gave no assurance that a ed Natal MEC and a co-sponsor meat on proposals in the prov- referendum would definitely be of the Indaba . ince of which he is a political held to test the opinions of the leader," Mr Heunis said WRAP--UP . people of Natal. Mr Heunis 'aid it was too pre- However, in an interview The Indaba could also present mature to speculate on probabi- today he did not close the door its economic and education pro- lities, before the Government on the proposals, or on the possi- posals after tomorrow's meet- had received the report. bility of a referendum. ing. Commenting on reaction to "I will only be prepared to Professor Clarence said the the report, Professor Clarence comment on behalf of the Gov- Indaba would now have to de- said it should be remembered ernment after the Government cide whether to wrap up and that no' one was totally in favour has received and considered any leave the rest of the work, such of the proposals -~ "it is a com- proposals and has taken a deci- as selling the proposals to the promise sion," he said. Government and to the people Minority reports were possi- Indaba chairman Professor of Natal, to, political parties . ble, not only from the dissenting Desmond Clarence said today Mr Heunis's statement comes right, but also from other par- that plans were being made to after a weekend statement by ties, Professor Clarence empha- hand the report to Mr Heunis as Natal National Party leader Mr sised. soon as possible. Stoffel Botha, in which the pro- • See Page 15 Aim now is to persuad O By Colleen Ryan, Political Reporter The most ambitious gales campaign yet seen in South Africa is about to be launched, with the organisers of the kwaZulu/Natal In- daba hoping , to per- suade the people of Natal and the Govern- ment to accept non-ra- `trial rule for the prov- ince. The effect of the:Inch- as plan would be to take sower from the central 'Government and give it I o the new provincial rulers, so it is highly un- likely the Nationalists will accept the proposals in their present form . Already, the leader of the National Party in Natal, Mr Stoffel Botha, has rejected the draft constitution, saying it would lead to black dom- ination. And the deputy chair- man of the Indaba, : Mr John Kane-Berman, be- lieves Mr Botha's state- anent sums up the present Government mood. PROOF NEEDED "Mr Botha has let the at out of the bag and I take place in the next six sentative was Dr Oscar such as the UDF was a constitution is the Rights which is d %kink it will have the ef- months. He had no illu- Dlhomo, kwaZulu's Edu- problem. sect of stopping the Inda- sions about the difficulty cation Minister. He said the ANC; to protect minorit; ba resting on its laurels. of persuading the Gov- The Government had which did have support in and end all disc L: "It will have to galva- ernment to accept the observer status, but Natal, w locked in a tion. It also provi ise ' itself for the next plan. right-wing groups as well power struggle with In- a two- chamberr tore, a Prime -I base of the operation . The Indaba was called as , significant black katha. "It has to prove that eight months ago to try groups such as the United and a 10-man Ca the great majority of to create a single legisla- Democratic Front were After long and some- governor, standup people in the province ture for Natal and kwa- absent from the talks. times difficult delibera- mittees and an want this form of govern- Zulu. The UDF rejected tions, the Indaba decided dent judiciary has .of anent," said Mr Kane- Delegates consisted of the Indaba decisions, say- last week on a non-racial The Bill Derman. the 39 "middle . ground" ing it was an attempt to constitution, with only guarantees equal The Indaba had decid- groups, including agricul- bypass the ANC :whilee it the Afrikaans culuural tion under the lay ed the proposals should tural, religious and cul- was banned; and that it group, the Federasie van inhabitants; equal be submitted to all the tural groups and other was not a genuine, non- Afrikaanse - Kultuur- race groups can people of kwaEZulu and regional cultural bodies . racial democracy . verenigings (FAK) refus- occupy props Natal Mr Kane-Berman One of the most impor- Mr Kane-Berman ad- ing : to sign the agree- where, and protec laid he hoped such a test tant participants was In mitted that rejection of ment. language and or referendum would katha, whose chief repre- the Indaba by groups the keyy aspect of the rights which wool The Star Thursday December 419$6 at central government mented it, will provide forced by the Supreme Mr Kane-Berman said provision for the non-ra- level. political stability. Court of South Africa. Mr Kane-Berman said "There would be in- The i also cial "South ;African" constitutio Inda- he was convinced it could vestment in fatal and it stresses the importance group stressed the loo's concern far freedom work. has the infrastructure for of "devolutioni at power" growth . IAnd soon there major of association . "The key to the Indaba and proposes that is its dynamic effect. I would be pressure in presently car- Legislation could be vetoed in the second have no doubt that if this other parts of the country y central gov- constitution is imple- for something similar." haband ernment be txa erred chamber If a group felt that the legislation would to the pro overn- ent adversely affect its cul- 'unc ono de- ture or langua . Disa- volved include revenue greements would finally SAFE TRAVELLING and be settled by the Su- education, preme Court. costs much less at ei lth services, The provincial execu- tive had been designed so culture, physical and band use planning, . tour- that all groups would ism and local govern- have a -say. The Prime ment. Minister would appoint Mr K neer an said five Cabinet Ministers that if the wernment from his own party. The accepted: the cottstltution, remaining, . five cabinet then the . - new provincial Ministers would be elect ed by the other parties in government would have all stores except Springs & 231 ChurchStreet(Pretoria) the power to abolish all proportion to their Available at discriminatory legisla- strength - in both chain- hers. KANOOL tip s nclud ,g the Group AShI II COMMITTEES HIMRIDER & Areas Act only be ra SAFETY BABY Schools would also be . Laws. would - SAFETY desegregated. tied once accepted by CAR SEATS HARNESS the chambers and the rel- 0 Ensures safe car travel • Raises child so that for children 6 months-5 adult seat belts can CONSTITUENCIES evant standing commit- years • Bolts into any car, be used • Suckles tees. There would be one but can be removed in easily on to front or The province would be seconds • Fitted with rear seats standing committee for washable towelling divide into 15 cohsti- cover • Tan colour EACH tuencies for elections' for each Minister and all the first legislative parties would be propor- chamber, which would tionally represented. • For children 4 years and up consist of 100 seats. Vot• The standing commit- • Available in assorted colours ing would be , based on tees would make deci- sions by a two- simple universal adult thirds ma KANGOL jority decision, and no suffrage through propor- DREAMSEAT tional representation . single party would be al- Dion s DE LUXE BABY The Prime Minister lowed more than 60 per Low would be the leader of cent representationn CAR SEATS Price- • Extra deep ,wings wings to pro- the party that secured an Although the new gov tect baby's head • wide overall majority in the ernment would control SiTI II SECOND CAR cushioned webbing first chamber. He or she many important- func FITTING KITS rl Fit it into your, second car would probably be black, tions, vital areas such as .$ fe r :carseatcarnbre . :r . as would be the vast ma- foreign affairs, defence, moved from one car to the national intelligence, other in secon ds • Seat tkpos bns adze . jority of the electoratee ion's • Sitting or reclining positions The second chamber lice, prisons, railway ow KANGOL SECOND CAR would consist of 50 seats, and harbours and water Price FITTING KITS .. equally representing affairs would remain African, Afrikaans, Asian under the jurisdiction of S 'RI SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS and English ethnic central governmentt FOR ALL BABY CAR SEATS groups .
Recommended publications
  • The Referendum in FW De Klerk's War of Manoeuvre
    The referendum in F.W. de Klerk’s war of manoeuvre: An historical institutionalist account of the 1992 referendum. Gary Sussman. London School of Economics and Political Science. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government and International History, 2003 UMI Number: U615725 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615725 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 T h e s e s . F 35 SS . Library British Library of Political and Economic Science Abstract: This study presents an original effort to explain referendum use through political science institutionalism and contributes to both the comparative referendum and institutionalist literatures, and to the political history of South Africa. Its source materials are numerous archival collections, newspapers and over 40 personal interviews. This study addresses two questions relating to F.W. de Klerk's use of the referendum mechanism in 1992. The first is why he used the mechanism, highlighting its role in the context of the early stages of his quest for a managed transition.
    [Show full text]
  • State Reform Policy in South Africa
    The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. TRANSFORMATION 7 (1988) ARTICLE STATE REFORM POLICY IN SOUTH AFRICA Mike Morris & Vishnu Padayachee INTRODUCTION A variety of contradictions and conflicts within capital and between the state and the popular classes coalesced in the late 1970s and early 1980s causing an economic and political crisis within South African society. It became clear to all and sundry that the narrow strictures of apartheid policy could no longer provide the social basis for political stability and sustain further accumulation. The social structure of accumulation that underlay the previous cycle of social and economic development brought forth more contradictions than it resolved. Hence a major restructuring by the state was required and a new social structure of accumulation had to emerge if the crisis that had been engendered was to be resolved. In this regard a number of trajectories were always potentially available to South African society depending on the particular configurations of class forces that were thrown up. It is not, however, our intention to dwell on historically 'lost options', except to bear in mind that what held true for the past also holds for the present and future. There are always different possible means of resolving a crisis of the social structure of accumulation in any society, and different resolutions - which are always class resolutions - will produce different paths of social/economic development.
    [Show full text]
  • Colin Eglin, the Progressive Federal Party and the Leadership of the Official Parliamentary Opposition, 1977‑1979 and 1986‑1987
    Journal for Contemporary History 40(1) / Joernaal vir Eietydse Geskiedenis 40(1): 1‑22 © UV/UFS • ISSN 0285‑2422 “ONE OF THE ARCHITECTS OF OUR DEMOCRACY”: COLIN EGLIN, THE PROGRESSIVE FEDERAL PARTY AND THE LEADERSHIP OF THE OFFICIAL PARLIAMENTARY OPPOSITION, 1977‑1979 AND 1986‑1987 FA Mouton1 Abstract The political career of Colin Eglin, leader of the Progressive Federal Party (PFP) and the official parliamentary opposition between 1977‑1979 and 1986‑1987, is proof that personality matters in politics and can make a difference. Without his driving will and dogged commitment to the principles of liberalism, especially his willingness to fight on when all seemed lost for liberalism in the apartheid state, the Progressive Party would have floundered. He led the Progressives out of the political wilderness in 1974, turned the PFP into the official opposition in 1977, and picked up the pieces after Frederik van Zyl Slabbert’s dramatic resignation as party leader in February 1986. As leader of the parliamentary opposition, despite the hounding of the National Party, he kept liberal democratic values alive, especially the ideal of incremental political change. Nelson Mandela described him as, “one of the architects of our democracy”. Keywords: Colin Eglin; Progressive Party; Progressive Federal Party; liberalism; apartheid; National Party; Frederik van Zyl Slabbert; leader of the official parliamentary opposition. Sleutelwoorde: Colin Eglin; Progressiewe Party; Progressiewe Federale Party; liberalisme; apartheid; Nasionale Party; Frederik van Zyl Slabbert; leier van die amptelike parlementêre opposisie. 1. INTRODUCTION The National Party (NP) dominated parliamentary politics in the apartheid state as it convinced the majority of the white electorate that apartheid, despite the destruction of the rule of law, was a just and moral policy – a final solution for the racial situation in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • RUTH HAYMAN: a Tribute by Alan Paton 11 PLEA to the N.G
    its ^' • liflifsi : .;:«: \--*m. -^A\- :-?&••..• . - "•••'•'•• •• •:•:••'"., 1 •.:.;•:••• • ••;:..••.:' •VWfiHBJitlllllSS ••• •••••• ••:::,: \\::M: .•: •. .:••:::::••:••. • i«i.-.i:-i;v.:- • \,LV":>.-:,'- • v^:-:;,;.:;-:., ;•.•-••.•--.,•• .•••,,•'••••... MmSBMimm r^^^^^¥^.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^i^^^^^s^^^^ . ;:'%.<y:«5*? ,;•;:,.. ' v.::- ... -. ••--.. ••••• ••:;:/;••.:. •. m <• •••:•:•;'. ••>&- V--:- ••.•,t::- v^, : f iMMmZmMiM ' Illi A JOURNAL OF LIBERAL AND RADICAL OPINION Vol. 14 No. 1 ISSIMOO34-0979 January 1982 A in this issue... EDITORIAL The Eye of the Beholder 2 ALAN PATON'S 'AH, BUT YOUR LAND IS BEAUTIFUL' by Peter Brown 3 GLIMPSES INTO SOUTH AFRICA-JULUKA MUSIC by Nhlanhia Ngcobo. 4 JUSTICE - TRANSKEI STYLE by Tiresiaa 7 RUTH HAYMAN: A tribute by Alan Paton 11 PLEA TO THE N.G. KERK FROM THE NYANGA BUSH PEOPLE 12 PASSES AND PLACES TO STAY by L F Platzky 13 THE REMOVAL OF ROOSBOOM by Elliot MngadL 17 Articles printed in Reality do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Editorial Board. EDITORIAL THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER It's amazing the things you can see if you want to. Not The truth of the matter is that the Indian people were not long ago the Minister of Internal Affairs, Mr. Chris Heunis, an enthusiastic electorate and they do not want separate went on an apartheid-boosting trip to the United States. representation in a multi-national institution. Even those There he is reported to have said 'The majority of Afri­ who stood in the election insisted that they were only doing kaners have matured and become more inclusive so in the hope that it would be a step towards an effective this heralds a beautiful new dispensation for all of us .... say in the central Parliament.
    [Show full text]
  • CRI11CAL ARTS a Journal Ipr Media Studies CRITICAL ARTS
    CRI11CAL ARTS A Journal ipr Media Studies CRITICAL ARTS Editor Keyan G Tomaselli Consulting Editors Organizers Susan Gardner Durban: Mike Vaughan Joe Muller Oxford: Shaun Johnson Ian Steadman Sao Paulo: Ismail Xavier Ruth Tomaselli USA East Coast: Peter Davis Harriet Gavshon USA West Coast: David Mesenbring Editorial Board Business Manager Eve Bertelsen Neale Ferguson Tim Couzens Graham Hayman David Maughan Brown Robert Stam Published by: Distributed by: Critical Arts Study Group Critical Arts Study Group Printed by Central Printing Unit Rhodes University University of the Witwatersrand P O Box 94 I Jan Smuts Avenue Grahamstown 6140 2(H)1 Johannesburg, South Africa South Africa Copyright is vested with Editors ami individual authors. Contents Vol Z No 3 198 2 Notes on Contributors ii Editorial iii Preface: The National Press Union and the Steyn Commission: Getting the Press to do its Own Dirty Work -- Irvin Manoim iv MAJOR ARTICLES 'How to Set Your House in Order1: Read All About it in Steyn Commission II -- Keyan Tomaselli & Ruth Tomaselli 1 Soviets and Surrogates: Black Nationalism and the Steyn Commission -- Tom Lodge 23 BIBLIOGRAPHY The Steyn Commissions: An Annotated Bibliography Abner Jack 29 CONFERENCE REPORT Class, Race or Culture: Kho is the Enemy? The Botswana "Culture and Resistance" Conference -- Graham Hayman 33 INTERCHANGE Breaker Uorant: A Response -- Peter Strauss 49 Breaker Morant: Missing the Point? -- MM Carlin 51 Breaker Moranv and Questions of Interpretation and Critical Strategy: A Reply to MM Carlin and Peter Strauss
    [Show full text]
  • Observations on the South African Elections
    A publication of ihe African Studies Program of The Georgetown University Center for Strategic and International Studies No. 73 • June 4, 1987 Observations on the South African Elections by Heribert Adam Of the 3 million white South Africans eligible to vote in officeholders and imagery. On the contrary, Afrikaner the May 6, 1987 election, 67.97 percent cast ballots. At nationalists are seen by the majority of English-speaking stake were 166 directly elected seats in the (white) whites as the most trustworthy guardians of security. House of Assembly of the country's tricameral English support for the NP during the 1983 referendum parliament, plus 12 additional members nominated or on the new constitution was an endorsement of reform indirectly elected in proportion to the parties' electoral and power sharing; the 1987 support of the NP, on the strength. The National Party (which has held power other hand, was motivated by concern over "law and since 1948) received 52.45 percent of the total votes order." cast and 133 seats (a gain of 6 seats), the Conservative In the past, Afrikaners supported the National Party Party 26.37 percent and 23 seats (a gain of 5), and the because it was perceived as an emotional, ethnic home. Herstigte Nasionale Party 3.14 percent (but lost its one This perception tended to generate a lifelong allegiance. parliamentary seat). Thus, the status quo and The NP's new constituency of fearful English-speakers ultra-rightist parties took about 82 percent of the vote. makes the party's support more volatile, more As for the parties to the "left" of the NP, the Progressive vulnerable to swings in the national mood, and more Federal Party received 14.1 percent of the vote and 20 dependent on efficient media manipulation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa. INSTITUTION South African Inst
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 104 982 UD 014 924 AUTHOR Horrell, Muriel, Comp.; And Others TITLE A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa. INSTITUTION South African Inst. of Race Relations, Johannesburg. PUB DATE Jan 75 NOTE 449p.; All of the footnotes to the subject matter of the document may not be legible on reproduction due to the print size of the original document AVAILABLE FROM South African Institute of Race Relations, P.O. Box 97, Johannesburg, South Africa (Rand 6.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$22.21 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Activism; Educational Development; Educational Policy; Employment Trends; Federa1 Legislation; Government Role; Law Enforcement; *National Surveys; *Politics; *Public Policl,; *Race Eelations; Racial Discrimination; Racial St!gregation; Racism IDENTIFIERS *Union of South Africa ABSTRACT Sections of this annual report deal with the following topics: political and constitutional developments--the white population group, the colored population group, the Indian group; political affairs of Africans; commissionof inquiry into certain organizations and related matters; organizations concerned with race relations; the population of South Africa; measuresfor security and the control of persons; control of media of communication; justice; liberation movements; foreign affairs; services and amenities for black people in urban areas; group areas and housing: colored, Asian, and whitd population groups; urban African administration; the Pass laws; the African hoL_lands; employment; education: comparative statistics, Bantu school
    [Show full text]
  • Great Expectations: Pres. PW Botha's Rubicon Speech of 1985
    Pres. PW Botha’s Rubicon speech Great expectations: Pres. PW Botha’s Rubicon speech of 1985 Hermann Giliomee Department of History University of Stellenbosch The law of the Roman republic prohibited its generals from crossing with an army the Rubicon river between the Roman province of Cisalpine Gaul to the north and Italy proper to the south. The law thus protected the republic from internal military threat. When Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon with his army in 49 BC to make his way to Rome, he broke that law and made armed conflict inevitable. He reputedly uttered the phrase: alea iacta est (“the die is cast”) Wikipedia Here is an infallible rule: a prince who is not himself wise cannot be well advised, unless he happens to put himself in the hands of one individual who looks after all his affairs and is an extremely shrewd man. Machiavelli, The Prince, p. 127 Samevatting Die toespraak wat Pres. PW Botha op 15 Augustus 1985 voor die kongres van die Nasionale Party (NP) van Natal gehou het, word algemeen erken as een van die keerpunte in die geskiedenis van die NP-regering. Daar is verwag dat die president in sy toespraak verreikende hervormings sou aankondig, wat die regering in staat sou stel om die skaakmat in onderhandelings met swart leiers en internasionale isolasie te deurbreek. Botha se toespraak is egter wyd baie negatief ontvang. Vorige artikels beklemtoon sy persoonlikheid as `n verklaring of blameer die “onrealistiese verwagtings” wat RF (Pik) Botha, Minister van Buitelandse Sake, gewek het. Hierdie artikel probeer die gebeure rondom die toespraak verklaar deur die gebeure twee weke voor die toespraak te ontleed, bestaande interpretasies van pres.
    [Show full text]
  • NC79 December 2017 Edition.Indb
    New Contree, No. 79, December 2017, Book Reviews, pp. 184-197 Die slotbeskouing van die boek is geskryf deur Mamokgethi Setati Phakeng van die Universiteit van Kaapstad. Sy het die hoop uitgespreek dat die boek Good Hope “is the start of a new way of representing the ties between the Netherlands and South Africa … (and that) we can look forward to tracing South African tracks in Dutch culture, political economy and science”. Sy meld dat baie van die bydraes in die boek gefokus het op die impak van Ned- erland op Suid-Afrika. Sy sou graag wou sien dat daar meer aandag geskenk word aan Suid-Afrikaanse invloed op Nederland. Good Hope is ’n baie besondere boek, veral omdat dit die geskiedenis lewen- dig en aanskoulik voorstel. Aan die einde van die boek is daar 20 bladsye inligting oor endnote, ’n uitgebreide bronnelys, ook wat al die illustrasies betref. Bondige inligting oor al die outeurs word ook verskaf. Die boek word van harte aanbeveel vir almal wat in Nederlands-Suid-Afrikaanse betrekkinge belangstel. Iron in the soul: The leaders of the official parliamentary opposition in South Africa, 1910-1993 (Pretoria, Protea Book House, 2017, 224 pp. ISBN 978-1-4853-0550-7) FA Mouton Charmaine T Hlongwane North-West University [email protected] FA Mouton is a renowned historian who has written extensively about South African political history and Afrikaner nationalism. In his recent book Iron in the soul: Leaders of the official parliamentary opposition in South Africa,he analyses the careers of official opposition leaders in the South African parlia- ment between 1910 and 1993.
    [Show full text]
  • Background, May 1977, Part 1
    SOUTH AFRICA Background Information TABLE OF CONTENTS Profile 1 History 3 Government 4 Political Conditions 5 The White Community 5 Principal Government Officials 6 Governmental Institutions for Coloreds and Asians 7 Political Institutions for Africans 7 Economy 8 Investment 10 Trade 10 Minerals 12 Manufacturing 12 Racial Problems and the Economy 13 Foreign Relations 14 - 1 - PROFILE People POPULATION: 26.1 million (1976) ~st.) ANNUAL GROWTH RATE: 2.5% DENSITY: 53 per square mile (20 per sq. km.) ETHNIC GROUPS: Whites -- 4.3 million; Africans 18.6 million; Coloreds -- 2.4 million; Asians -- 746,000. RELIGIONS: Christian, traditional African. LANGUAGES: English and Afrikaans (official), Zulu, Xhosa, Tswana, North and South Sotho, and others. LIFE EXPECTANCY: Whites: 64 (males), 72 (females); Asians: 59 (males), 64 (females); Africans: 51 (males), 58 (females); Coloreds: 49 (males), 56 (females). Geography AREA: 472,359 sq. mi. (1,223,404 sq. km.) I including the enclave of Walvis Bay, 434 sq. mi. (1,124 sq. km.) i about twice the size of Texas. CAPITALS: Administrative-- Pretoria (population 563,000), Legislative -- Cape Town (1,108,000), Judicial -- Bloemfontein (182,000). OTHER CITIES: Johannesburg (1,441,000), Durban (851,000). Government TYPE: Republic -- parliamentary in form with franchise limited to white adults. INDEPENDENCE: May 31, 1910 (Union of South Africa was created); became a soverelgn state wi thin the British Empire in 1934. On May 31, 1961. Soutb Africa Q'IICiiom'll a repl1b1i.c and, in Octooer 1961,~eft the British Commonwealth. CONSTITUTION: May 31, 1961. -2- BRANCHES: Executive -- State President (Chief of State), elected to a 7-year term.
    [Show full text]
  • Facilitation and Mediation in South Africa: Three Case Studies
    Peace and Conflict Studies Volume 5 Number 1 Article 4 6-1-1998 Facilitation and Mediation in South Africa: Three Case Studies Hendrik W. Van der Merwe Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs Part of the Peace and Conflict Studies Commons Recommended Citation Van der Merwe, Hendrik W. (1998) "Facilitation and Mediation in South Africa: Three Case Studies," Peace and Conflict Studies: Vol. 5 : No. 1 , Article 4. DOI: 10.46743/1082-7307/1998.1190 Available at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs/vol5/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Peace & Conflict Studies at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Peace and Conflict Studies by an authorized editor of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Facilitation and Mediation in South Africa: Three Case Studies Abstract Excerpt In this paper I discuss three case studies of facilitation and mediation in South Africa: 1) facilitation between the South African apartheid establishment and the African National Congress in exile from 1963 to 1989; 2) facilitation that eventually led to mediation between Inkatha and the United Democratic Front in Natal over 10 months from 1985 to 1986; and 3)mediation between the African National Congress and the Afrikaner Freedom Foundation (Afrikaner Vryheidstigting, also known as Avstig) over 18 months from 1991 to 1993. Keywords: African National Congress (ANC), Inkatha Freedom Party, mediation, National Party (South Africa), Nelson Mandela, Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), peacemaking, political leadership, South Africa Author Bio(s) Hendrik van der Merwe is Emeritus Honorary Professor and retired Director of the Centre for Conflict Resolution of the University of Cape Town, pioneered Conflict and eaceP Studies in South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 Historical Papers Research Archive, University of The
    Historical Papers Research Archive, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg G U I D E T O T H E A R C H I V E S A N D P A P E R S (Excluding the archives of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa) Copyright: Historical Papers Research Archive, University of the Witwatersrand Library PREFACE The University of the Witwatersrand has, as one of its most valuable and prestigious heritage and research assets, the holdings of the priceless Historical Papers collections. Historical Papers is the main humanities archival research resource on campus and is located in the William Cullen Library. It is also the largest non-state archives in Southern Africa and it is uniquely positioned within the South African heritage sector. The archives held in custody for the wider community within Historical Papers are extensive and provide a unique documentary record of South African history and society. The collections housed at Historical Papers include diaries, letters, memoranda, reports, minute-books, press clippings, pamphlets, photographs, drawings, oral interviews, trial transcripts and financial, legal and personal documents. These items are described in the Guide to the Archives and Papers of which this is the twelfth edition. The collections have contributed to many notable publications, television documentaries, school textbooks and academic works. They not only hold value as research tools, teaching aids and as crucial evidence for the intellectual development of theories and models but they contain collective social memory. Consequently, Historical Papers is an accessible hub for human rights research serving civil society as well as scholars. The first three editions of the Guide were arranged alphabetically.
    [Show full text]