VEGETATION COMMUNITY SURVEY AND MAPPING OF THE
PHILLIP ISLAND NATURE PARK
REPORT BY
GEOFF SUTTER AND JUDY DOWNE
JUNE 2000
Arthur Rylah Phillip Island Institute NATURE PARK Flora, Fauna & Freshwater Research
PARKS, FLORA AND FAUNA ARTHUR RYLAH INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
123 BROWN STREET (PO Box 137) HEIDELBERG VIC. 3084. TEL: (03) 9450 8600 FAX: (03) 9450 8799 (ABN: 90719052204)
Natural Resources and Environment
AGRICULTURE • RESOURCES • CONSERVATION • LAND MANAGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS
...... :...... 1 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... 5 2 IN"TRODUCTION ...... 6 2.1 Background ...... 6 2.2 Project Aims ...... 6 2.3 Location and Size ...... 6 2.4 Terminology ...... :...... 6 2.4.1 Ecological Vegetation Classes ...... 6 2.4.2 Floristic Community ...... 7 2.4.3 Weeds ...... 7 2.4.4 Victorian rare or threatened species (VROTS) ...... :...... 7 2.4.5 Codes used for mapping that do not apply to vegetation communities ...... 8 2.5 Nomenclature ...... 9 i' 3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT ...... 9 J 3.1 Methods ...... 9 3 .1.1 Collation and evaluation of existing data ...... 9 3 .1.2 Supplementary data collection ...... 9 3 .1.3 Floristic Analysis ...... 10 3 .1.4 Determination of Floristic communities and EVCs ...... 10 3.1.5 Mapping ofEVCs ...... 10 3.1.6 Weed index ...... 11 3 .1. 7 Polygon reliability Code ...... 11 3.2 Assessment of Vegetation Condition ...... 12 3 .2.1 Summerland Peninsula ...... 12 3.2.2 Ventnor Koala Reserve ...... 13 3.2.3 Koala Conservation Centre and Five Ways Reserve ...... 13 3.2.4 Oswin Roberts Reserve ...... 13 3.2.5 Rhyll Wetland Reserve ...... 13 3.2.6 Rowell Wetland Reserve ...... · ...... 14 3.2.7 Conservation Hill Reserve and Rhyll Inlet and Observation Point ...... 14 3.2.8 Churchill Island, Fishers Land and Swan Bay, Denne Bight...... 14 3.2.9 Newhaven Wetland ...... 15 3.2.10 Cape Woolamai...... 15 3.2.11 Ventnor Coast...... 16 3.2.12 I 4 WHOLE OF PARK ASSESSMENT••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 23 i 4.1 Evaluation of communities AND EV C's for zoning ...... 24 J 4.1.1 Conservation status of Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVC's) at bioregional level.. ... 24 5 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ...... 25 5 .1.1 Weed Control program ...... 25 5 .1.2 Revegetation works ...... 25 5 .1.3 Land Acquisition ...... 25 5 .1.4 Lack ofrecruitment in Moonah Woodland communities ...... 25 5.1.5 Use of fire for Biodiversity ...... 26 5.1.6 Environmental Weeds in PINP ...... 26 6 VEGETATION DESCRIPTIONS ...... 28 6.1 Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 28 6.1.1 Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 28 6.1.2 Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 28 6.1.3 Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 29 6.1.4 Inland Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 30 6.1.5 Thyme Rice-flower Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 31 6.1.6 Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 31 6.1. 7 Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 32 6.1.8 Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 33 6.1.9 Seaberry Saltbush Coastal Dune Scrub ...... 33 6.2 Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 34 6.2.1 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 34 6.2.2 Clay Pan Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 35 t· 6.2.3 Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 351 6.2.4 Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 36 6.2.5 White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 37 6.2.6 Drainage Line Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 38 6.2.7 Common Boobialla Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 38 6.2.8 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub ...... 39 6.3 Coastal Tussock Grassland ...... 40 6.3.1 Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland ...... 40 6.3.2 Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland ...... 41 6.4 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland ...... 41 6.5 Sand Hill Sedgeland ...... 42 6.6 Strandline ...... , ...... 42 6.7 Moonah Woodland ...... 43 6.7.1 PeatyMoonah Woodland ...... 43 6.7.2 Clay Moonah Woodland ...... 43 6.7.3 SandyMoonah Woodland ...... 44 6. 8 Grassy Woodland ...... 44 6.8.1 Black Wattle Grassy Woodland ...... 44 6.8.2 Coast Manna-gum Grassy Woodland ...... 45 6.8.3 Blue Gum Grassy Woodland ...... 47 6.9 Heathy Woodland ...... 48 6.10 Reed Swamp ...... 49 6.11 Swamp Scrub ...... 49 6.11.l Wet Swamp Scrub ...... 49 · 6.11.2 Dry Swamp Scrub ...... 50 6.11.3 Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub ...... 51 6.11.4 Damp Swamp Scrub ...... 52 6.12 Coastal banksia woodland ...... 53 6.13 Coastal Saltmarsh Complex ...... 54 6.14 Dune Depression ...... 54 6.15 CliffHerbland ...... 55 6.16 Wetland Fonnation ...... : ...... 55 6.17 Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland ...... 56 6.18 atriplex cinerea Shrubland ...... 56 6.19 Sedgy Woodland ...... 57. 7 COMPLEXES AND MOSAICS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 58 .' 7.1 Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic ...... 58 1 ARI Flora Research Page 3 June 2000 7 .1.1 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic 58 7 .1.2 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Shrub land/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic ...... 59 7 .1.3 Bird Colony Succulent Herb land/Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex ...... 59 7 .1.4 Bird Colony Succulent Herb land/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic ..... 60 7.1.5 Dry Swamp Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex ...... 61 7.1.6 Reed Swamp/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex ...... 61 7 .1. 7 Damp Swamp Scrub/Coastal Salt marsh Complex ...... 62 7.1.8 Clay Moonah Woodland/Salt marsh Fringe Grassland Complex ...... 62 7 .1.9 Black Wattle Grassy Woodland/Dry Swamp Scrub Complex ...... 62 8 "REFERENCES ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 63 9 APPENDICES ...... 64 9.1.1 Appendix 1 Woody shrubs or sub-shrubs that are introduced species ...... 64 9.1.2 Appendix 2 List of quadrats in communities and EVCs ...... 64 9 .1.3 Appendix 3 Definitions of sites of significance ratings ...... 69 9 .1.4 Appendix 4 Quadrats with VROT taxa present...... 69 9.1.5 Appendix 5 Full list ofFloristic Communities/EVC's/Complexes and Mosaics ...... 71 9 .1.6 Appendix 6 Species frequency of taxa from quadrat sites in alphabetical order ...... 77 9.1.7 Appendix 7 Species frequency oftaxa from quadrats in frequency order ...... 86 9 .1. 8 Appendix 8 Taxa from quadrats, Herbarium and incidental records in division and , family' order ...... 95 I I ARI Flora Research Page4 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Geoff Sutter and Judy Downe would like to thank the following people for their support and expertise in helping with the project: • Jane Dickins for her expert advice and assistance with the quadratting and vegetation mapping • Randall Robinson, Doug Frood and David Cameron for their invaluable assistance in plant identification. • Karin McLennan for her high quality GIS work in creating the maps. • Ray Leivers (General Manager PINP), Peter Dann (Research Manager PINP) and other staff of the PINP for their assistance in operational matters and in providing points of interest for focussing of quadratting such as providing locations of plants with a very limited distribution on Phillip Island. • Michele Arundell and Michelle Tumino for administration support from ARI. ARI Flora Research Page5 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 BACKGROUND The Phillip Island Nature Park (PINP) was created in 1996 to integrate management of public land. on Phillip Island and to facilitate innovation in wildlife management, visitor services and tourism experiences. The park consists of a number of crown land areas spread across the island, with a total area of approximately 2,750 hectares. A board appointed by the Minister for Conservation and Land Management oversees the management of the Park. This is the first detailed study of vegetation on Phillip Island and forms a sound basis for making management decisions. Due to the complexity of ecological processes and function, there is also scope for improvement to this work as our knowledge and understanding of our environment grows. The nature of vegetation on Phillip Island is strongly linked to a history of human interference, and therefore some EVC s or Floristic Communities should be considered somewhat tenuous. 2.2 PROJECT AIMS Botanical survey and vegetation mapping were undertaken to provide the Phillip Island Nature Park with detailed floristic data, vegetation maps and assessments of vegetation condition, which will be used for long term planning as well as the basis for day to day management decisions. 2.3 LOCATION AND SIZE Phillip Island Nature Park (PINP) is located on Phillip Island in Western Port, approximately 120 kilometres from Melbourne. Phillip Island is approximately 100 square kil~metres in area and supports a diversity of environments and activities. Some 90% of the island has been cleared and comprises farming and urban areas, while the remainder consists of woodlands, saltmarsh, beaches and spectacular coastlines. 2.4 TERMINOLOGY 2.4.1 Ecological Vegetation Classes Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) represent the highest level in the hierarchy of vegetation typology developed and used across Victoria by the Department of Natural Resources and Environment. EVCs are driven by broad ecological parameters such as landform, geology, aspect, rainfall and elevation. These ecological attributes are then reflected in the structure and composition of the vegetation, with specific plant lifeforms driving the definition of the EVC. One or more floristic communities may exist within an EV C. ARI Flora Research Page 6 June 2000 ------ Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 2.4.2 Floristic Community A Floristic Community is driven by responses to environmental gradients such as landform, geology, soil, altitude, aspect, slope and rainfall (Woodgate et. al., 1994). A combination of these variables consistently arising together, will provide suitable habitat for specific species to continually reappear and these species are used to help identify the Floristic Community. Differences between Floristic Communities within an EVC may be due to slight differences in one or more ofc . the following variables; aspect, slope, altitude, annual rainfall and soils. Two communities may look similar structurally and share some ubiquitous species, but each has indicator species specific to their niche. Floristic Communities can also be geographically distinct. The EVC Coastal Headland Scrub exists along the coast at Phillip Island and in the Otways. The environmental parameters are similar but the geographic separation will contribute to a difference in the floristic composition. Hence Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub is distinguished from Otways Coastal Dune Scrub. The Floristic Community name is always displayed in italics, with the EVC name in standard font. 2.4.3 Weeds A weed is defined as a introduced species and is denoted by an *, or is a native species which is ecologically out of balance due to human induced disturbance and is known as an environmental weed which is denoted by a#. 2.4.4 Victorian rare or threatened species (VROTS) Victorian rare or threatened species are defined as follows: E Endangered in Australia: at serious risk of disappearing from the wild state within one or two decades if present land use and other causal factors continue to operate. e Endangered in Victoria: rare and at risk of disappearing from the wild state if present land use and other causal factors continue to operate. The plant's status elsewhere in Australia is not considered in this category. V Vulnerable in Australia: not presently Endangered but at risk of disappearing from the wild over a longer period (20 to 50 years) through continued depletion; or which largely occur on sites likely to experience changes in land use that would threaten the survival of the taxon in the wild v Vulnerable in Victoria: rare, not presently endangered but likely to become so soon due to continued depletion; occurring mainly on sites likely to experience changes in land use which would threaten the survival of the plant in the wild, or taxa where total populations are so low that recovery from a local natural disturbance such as drought, landslip or fire is doubtful. The plant's status elsewhere in Australia is not considered in this category. ARI Flora Research Page 7 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park R Rare in Australia: rare but overall not currently considered Endangered or V\llnerable. Such species may be represented by a relatively large population in a very restricted area or by smaller populations spread over a wider range, or by some intermediate combination of distribution pattern. r Rare in Victoria but not considered otherwise threatened (the status elsewhere in Australia not being considered). This category does not necessarily imply that the plants are substantially threatened, but merely that there are relatively few known stands. K Poorly known in Australia: Suspected, but not definitely known to belong to any of the categories X, E, V or R. At present accurate field distribution information is inadequate. This category applies only to taxa considered rare or threatened throughout Australia. k Poorly known within Victoria: Suspected, but not definitely known to belong to any of the categories x, e, v or r. At present accurate field distribution information is inadequate. 2.4.5 Codes used for mapping that do not apply to vegetation communities. J D = Disturbed by buildings or other capital works. DTL = Disturbed Tree less. The polygon is rated to have > 70 % cover of introduced ground layer species. It predominantly lacks tree and shrub cover. DT =Disturbed Tree cover. The polygon is rated to have> 70 % cover of introduced tree or shrub species (for example, Pine trees). The ground layer may be indigenous or contain introduced species. PT = Planted Trees or shrubs. These polygons are also considered as being disturbed. D (Marram) = Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria. This species has been mapped where it is known to occur from ground truthing. It is highlighted in the mapping as it has been deliberately planted. This information may be useful for future management decisions. The knowledge of the presence or absence of Marram Grass will assist in understanding the effect it has had and may have in future on the dune communities. D (Kikuyu) = Kikuyu *Pennisetum clandestinum. This species has been mapped where it is known to occur from ground truthing. It an extremely invasive weed and generally forms dense patches excluding all other species. It is important that these areas are identified and appropriate management practices, for example herbicide spraying, carried out. D (Boxthorn) = *Lycium ferocissimum. African Boxthorn has also been mapped where it has been observed during fieldwork. This is another very invasive weed species and requires control work to prevent further spread. It was obvious during fieldwork that many areas of African Boxthorn have already been treated and it was considered pertinent to indicate other areas where it was found. ARI Flora Research Page 8 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 2.5 NOMENCLATURE Plant nomenclature follows the NRE Flora Information System (Spring 1999), managed by the Biodiversity Information Management Section. Information stored in the FIS is based on the Flora of Victoria Volumes II, III, and IV (Walsh and Entwisle, 1994, 1996and1999) and the census of the Vascular Plants of Victoria (Ross 1996.) 3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT. 3.1 METHODS 3.1.1 Collation and evaluation of existing data Collation and evaluation of existing quadrat sampling, vegetation classification and mapping_ for the Phillip Island Nature Park was extracted from the Flora Information System (FIS) Spring 1999 version. The Rare or Threatened (VROT) status of plants was also extracted from this database. It was found that 40 of the 70 existing quadrats were from one EVC, being Coastal Saltmarsh Complex. The remaining 30 quadrats were spread across a range of Floristic Communities and EV Cs. After a reconnaissance trip it was realised a number of other Floristic Communities J and EV Cs occurred in the Nature Park and there was no quadrat data for these. Hence further quadrat sampling was required in order to more accurately identify and define the vegetation communities and EVCs of the PINP. The currency of the data was also assessed and found to be poor, with most quadrats more than 20 years old. The accuracy of the quadrat locations was questionable, as a GPS would not have been used to accurately record their localities. A progress report was provided detailing the above information. 3.1.2 Supplementary data collection. An additional 90 quadrats were taken within the Phillip Island Nature Park. The quadrats were located according to topography, geology, aspect, vegetation patterns, structure and history, as identified from data, aerial photographs and field inspection. Sampling density varies according to EVC distribution, area and rarity. A stratified sampling design was largely constructed using photo types of the vegetation pattern, consideration of data from previous surveys and field inspection. The quadrat size used in the survey was 20 x 20m. This size was selected after a reconnaissance indicated that this size would be adequate to account for variation of the vegetation. All vascular plant species present within this area were recorded and given a cover abundance value using the Braun-Blanquet Scale. Specimens were only collected if complete identification of a species could. not be made in the field. Determination of specimens to genus and species level was undertaken at ARI, via the aid of stereoscopes and current plant taxonomic literature. I ARI Flora Research Page9 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Other information collected during quadratting includes: community structure, the structure and dominance of various life form strata, leaf litter, bare ground, rocks, mosses, landform, geology, soil type, altitude, aspect, slope and disturbance information. A GPS was used to accurately locate the position of the quadrat sites in AGD 66 (Australian Grid Data in 1966). In a few sites a position was not obtained due to obstructions from the overstorey or from cliff faces. In this case a position was determined using a 1:25,000 topographic map. Some EVCs were not sampled due to the steep, exposed terrain on which they occurred making it impossible to safely quadrat these areas. Lists· of the species present were taken but it quite likely that these are not complete and no estimates of cover/abundance were made. These EVCs were C/if.!Coastal Tussock Grassland and C/if.!Herbland. 3.1.3 Floristic Analysis. The analysis combined the existing 70 quadrats with the 90 quadrats from this survey. A multi-variate analysis was then performed on the range standardised median cover abundance data using the PaTN software package (Be/bin 1994). Each quadrat was , then compared to all others, calculating a dissimilarity matrix using the Bray-Curtis 1 coefficient. The hierarchical agglomerative clustering strategy unweighted pair group · average (UPGMA) with B= 0.1 is then applied to the dissimilarity matrix to produce a' dendrogram. In basic terms the analysis compares presence -absence of species and the level of importance (cover-abundance data) of each species in the quadrats to each other and groups similar quadrats together. The dendrogram visually displays the relationship of quadrats to each other and from this, the Floristic communities and EVCs can be delineated. Species frequency lists, character species lists and distribution maps were created for the EVCs and Floristic communities from the dendrogram groups. These lists were then used in the field to map the EVCs and communities. 3.1.4 Determination of Floristic communities and EVCs. The determination of Floristic Communities and EVCs to be mapped involved interpretation of the PaTN analysis, expert knowledge of Floristic Communities and EV Cs from within ARI Flora Research and consultation with NRE. 3.1.5 Mapping of EVCs Mapping of EVCs was performed using aerial photo interpretation and ground truthing at a scale of 1:5,000. For mapping purposes, a clear film overlay was placed over aerial photograph posters. Photo types were distinguished and drawn on the clear film overlay, which was then ground truthed in the field. Most polygons were given a Floristic Community or EVC label, and reliability rating. ARI Flora Research Page 10 June 2000' Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Some polygons contained more than one EVC or Floristic Community occurring as a mosaic or complex (see Vegetation Descriptions for definitions). These polygons were labelled with all the vegetation types that occurred within them, with the order ranking from the most common to the least common Community or EVC. A limited number of polygons were placed in an unknown category (mapped as U) where these polygons could not be determined from API and could not be visited for logistical reasons. Polygons observed direptly were also given a weed index. The work was then digitised into GIS using Maplnfo. Location aids such as roads have also been digitised from the poster overlays. In order to accurately transfer the line work into the GIS, points on the ground were collected using a GPS, in which the AMG co-ordinates were differentially referenced providing an accuracy of 2 -5 metres. Readings taken by the GPS were averaged over a 5-minute period to maximise the accuracy of each point. 3.1.6 Weed index • L (Low) If< 30% of cover is introduced species • M (Medium) If 30 - 70% of cover is introduced species • D (Disturbed) If> 70% of cover is introduced species There are several different categories (refer to terminology 2.4.5). The cover of introduced species may vary considerably within a polygon. The weed index for a polygon was therefore allocated by selecting a point representative of the cover of introduced species and coding this point. Some polygons, especially large ones, have been coded with multiple weed indices as the amount of weed cover has varied in different parts of the polygon. Sites (polygons) which were not visited may have a reliability code of either 2 or 3 and have not been allocated a weed index classification. 3.1. 7 Polygon reliab.ility Code A reliability code was also given to each polygon. The distance from visited landscape, difficulty or ease of botanical resolution, and pattern interpretation all influenced a polygon's reliability code. Table 1: Polygon Reliability Coding L::::::·:.::·:::·::·~~:QQ:¥::::·:::·:.:·::::::::::· :::.:::.: .. :~:~~::M~~~.-~:::.~:::-~~-~:::·::.:.:.:.: .. :.:~~I~!:~Itx::::::.: 1 70-100 GOOD 2 30 - 70 REASONABLE 3 0-30 POOR The reliability code will be labelled 1 (=GOOD) for each polygon visited while mapping, 2 (=reasonable) for polygon's viewed from the margin of the polygon and 3 (=POOR) for polygon's not visited or viewed. ARI Flora Research Page 11 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.2 ASSESSMENT OF VEGETATION CONDITION. The assessment of vegetation condition is largely based on the weed index ratings appearing on the maps as outlined in the methods section. The intactness of areas varies widely depending on the past level of disturbance; current land uses on private land adjacent to PINP areas and the susceptibility of the EVC to disturbance. A brief overview of the vegetation condition for each area of PINP is as follows. 3.2.J Summerland Peninsula Most of the Coastal Tussock Grassland to the west of the Summerland Estate area is in good condition, with the majority having a low weed index rating. However some weed species may become more of a problem in future such as Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Prairie Grass *Bromus catharticus, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Cat's Ear *Hypochoeris radicata, Paspalum *Paspalum dilatatum and Rat-tail Grass *Sporobolus indicus var. capensis. Most of these taxa are spread in amongst desirable plants, making control very difficult, except for the Prairie Grass, which forms dense patches in some areas, particularly along the south section of the circuit road. Two shrub taxa, Mirror-bush *Coprosma repens and African Box-thorn *Lycium ferocissimum are scattered mainly near the coast and have a high potential to spread if~ not controlled. The Summerland Estate area has a number of garden escapes, most; notable of which are Myrtle-leaf Milkwort *Polygala myrtifolia var. myrtifolia and Sweet Pittosporum *Pittosporum undulatum, which are both spreading rapidly. The coastal zones of Flynns Beach to Shelly Beach and along Summerland Bay contain various amounts of Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria which was most likely planted originally for dune stabilisation. Swan Lake has a wide range of weed species, the abundance of which depends on the season and the level of the lake as to the abundance of taxa. The common species appear to be Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, Sow-thistle *Sonchus aspera ssp. glaucescens, Ox-tongue *Helminthotheca echioides, Spear Thistle *Cirsium vulgare, Hairy Hawkbit *Leontodon taraxicoides and in the late summer Aster-weed *Aster subulatus forms dense patches around the margin of the lake. There is a population of Broad-leaf Cotton-bush *Gomphocarpus cancellatus on the hill at the western end of the south arm of Swan Lake which may become a problem weed. The dune area between the southern end of Swan Lake and the Penguin Parade complex is completely disturbed by introduced species such as Prairie Grass *Bromus catharticus, Sow thistle *Sonchus spp. and Fat Hen *Chenopodium album. A large area of Kikuyu *Pennisetum clandestinum occurs north and east of Swan Lake adjacent to the private land. Coast-Tea tree Leptospermum laevigatum appears to have developed into an environmental weed in the dunes behind Flynns Beach, however this is difficult to assess without monitoring data. ARI Flora Research Page 12 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.2.2 Ventnor Koala Reserve Most of this reserve is in poor condition with large areas planted with an incorrect provenance of Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis. There are also plantings of Swamp Gum E. ovata and Southern Mahogany E. botryoides. The ground layer is dominated by Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum. These areas have a high weed index rating and therefore have been mapped as disturbed. There is a small area of Grassy Woodland in the north east part of the Reserve, which is in good condition, having a low weed index rating. The Swamp Scrub in the centre of the reserve is in good condition Damp Swamp Scrub south west of the most southerly man-made lake is the best example seen in PINP. 3.2.3 Koala Conservation Centre and Five Ways Reserve. The Koala Conservation Centre is mostly disturbed, with a relatively intact section on the western side. The presence of Southern Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus is almost certainly non-indigenous. Several introduced species are likely to become problem weeds such as Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cocksfoot *Dactylis glomerata, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Bridal Creeper *Asparagus asparagoides and Blackberry* Rubusfruticosus. The Five Ways Reserve is disturbed, with very little indigenous taxa present. 3.2.4 Oswin Roberts Reserve. This Reserve is generally in very good condition with low weed index ratings covering most of the Reserve. The central area has significantly higher species diversity, including many herbs not present toward the margins of the Reserve. The central area also has a lower weed cover and is considered a site of significance. At the southern end of the Reserve, Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum is a problem weed. An interesting form of woodland occurs in the south-east corner where sedges such as Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula, Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia and Variable Sword-sedge, Lepidosperma laterale var. majus grow beneath a canopy of Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii. This vegetation is in good condition. 3.2.5 Rltyll Wetland Reserve. The vegetation condition in this Reserve varies widely. The floristics and structure of the Damp Swamp Scrub in the south-east section is curious. Large areas have no understorey present. The drier Swamp Scrub in the south-east corner of the Reserve is being invaded by Gorse *Ulex europeaus. This is a very invasive weed and needs immediate action to prevent these seedlings from maturing and disseminating seed. The main introduced species in the wetland areas are seasonally present and include Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, Sow-thistle *Sonchus aspera ssp. glaucescens, Annual Beard-grass *Polypogon monspeliensis, Fat Hen *Chenopodium album and Hastate Orache *Atriplex prostrata. ARI Flora Research Page 13 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park The Grassy Woodland in the north east area of the reserve is invaded by Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum. There are a number of planted tree species including Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata, Manna Gum E. viminalis and Hakea, Hakea spp. The heathy woodland to the east of the bird hide is disturbed by Panic Veldt Grass *Ehrharta erecta. 3.2.6 Rowell Wetland Reserve As this area is reclaimed farmland there is very little indigenous flora present. A small area of wetland formation occurs in the south west area of the Reserve. Its presence is probably due to the altered drainage patterns after a channel was dug out adjacent to it. The areas of Swamp Scrub are probably due to disturbance. The main introduced species which form a dense cover over much of the Reserve are Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus and Paspalum *Paspalum dilatatum. There are many planted shrubs and trees not indigenous to the area. 3.2. 7 Conservation Hill Reserve and Rhyll Inlet and Observation Point Most of the Conservation Hill area is disturbed and appears to be reclaimed farmland. Small semi-intact patches remain as at quadrat site E00203. The main introduced I' species are Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus1 lanatus and Paspalum *Paspalum dilatatum. An assessment of the quadrat sites in the Saltmarsh of Rhyll Inlet showed the vegetation to be in very good condition with a low cover of introduced species. Around the edges of the Rubbish Tip Kikuyu *Pennisetum clandestinum is growing and spreading into the adjacent swamp scrub east of the tip. This swamp scrub is very disturbed with Ivy* Hedera helix growing up many trees. Weeds in the ground layer include Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Cocksfoot Dactylis glomerata, Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare and Kangaroo Apple Solanum aviculare. The Coast Banksia Woodland on the spit to Observation Point along the coast east of Silverleaves Estate is in fair condition. Two problem weeds observed in the central area of the spit are Myrtle-leaf Milkwort *Polygala myrtifolia and Common Dipogon *Dipogon lignosus. The vegetation is senescent in this area and the subsequent extra light has enabled the spread of these weeds. Other weeds occurring in this area are Sweet Pittosporum *Pittosporum undulatum, Bridal Creeper *Asparagus asparagoides, Asparagus Fem *Asparagus scandens, and Panic Veldt Grass *Ehrharta erecta 3.2.8 Churchill Island, Fishers Land and Swan Bay, Denne Bight. Churchill Island is mostly disturbed, with the exception of small areas of Moonah Woodland in a semi intact state. The cover of introduced species is only significantly ARI Flora Research Page 14 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park reduced in areas dominated by Seaberry Saltbush *Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana. The Saltmarsh and mangroves at the southern tip of the island are in good condition. Fishers Land is mostly disturbed. Small remnant patches of Moonah Woodland exist along the coast. The largest of these extends west from the end of Churchill Island Road for approximately 1 km, the most westerly 400 m. section being in excellent condition. In the more easterly part of this area some landholders have extended their gardens into the 30 m. wide strip of PINP land. Very little regeneration of Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata is apparent which is a cause for concern. This may be due to the dense ground layer not allowing seed fall to germinate. 3.2.9 Newltaven Wetland. This Reserve is mainly disturbed near the margins, with several garden escapes present including Sweet Pittosporum *Pittosporum undulatum, Radiata Pine *Pinus radiata and Myrtle-leaf Milkwort *Polygala myrtifolia in the Coastal Dune Scrub. Sea Spurge *Euphorbia paralias is a serious weed of the strandline and fore dune areas along the coast. The track from the Visitors Centre to the wetland is totally disturbed by Gorse*. The wetland formation areas are in fair condition with only one introduced species Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia having a significant cover. Other introduced species in , the Swamp Scrub include Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Common Sow-thistle 1 *Sonchus oleraceus, Bridal Creeper *Asparagus asparagoides, Black Nightshade· *Solanum nigrum s.l., Panic Veldt Grass *Ehrharta erecta and Ivy *Hedera helix. J Some landholders are dumping garden refuse into the wetland. 3.2.10 Cape Woolamai. The vegetation condition of Cape Woolamai varies widely. The headland section apart from the steep coastal slopes is highly disturbed and mainly consists of Great Brome *Bro mus diandrus, Prairie Grass *B. catharticus and Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia. Less frequent are Apple of Sodom *Solanum linnaenum and Kikuyu *Pennisetum clandestinum which forms dense patches, Barley-grass *Critesion murinum and Small-flower Mallow *Malva parviflora. Fat hen *Chenopodium album invades bare areas in late summer. The Coastal Tussock Grassland on the steep coastal slopes is in good condition with a generally low weed index. There is also scattered occurrences of Mirror Bush *Coprosma repens and African Box-thorn *Lycium ferocissimum. These two taxa can be readily controlled without causing other problems such as erosion or damage to Mutton Bird burrows. The Coastal Dune Scrub of the spit area is in fair condition. The coastal zone is invaded by Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria, most likely planted as part of dune stabilisation works. The central to eastern section has a dominance by Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, which is considered an environmental weed in this area. ARI Flora Research Page 15 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.2.11 Ventnor Coast. The condition of this narrow coastal strip varies widely. Sections with a shrub layer are generally in good condition with a low weed index rating. Other dune sections are again invaded by Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria and have generally been rated as a medium weed index. Sea Spurge *Euphorbia paralias is common along the length of coast. At the north eastern end near Ventnor, African Box-thorn *Lycium ferocissimum is prominent amongst the Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare on the walk down to the beach front. Behind this, 10 - 15 plants of Broad-leaf Cotton bush *Gomphocarpus cancellatus occur, which is the second known location of this weed for the PINP. The Green Lake area contains mature clumps of Pampas Grass and numerous seedlings were observed in the vicinity of these adults. 3.2.12 Kennon Head to Pyramid Rock The Kitty Miller Bay and Berry's Beach areas are in fair condition with the foredune disturbed by Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria in places and the strandline is disturbed by Elongate Wheat-grass *Lophopyrum elongatum. The headland area in between Kitty Miller Bay and Thorny Beach is in good condition with largely intact Bird Colony Succulent Herbland and Coastal Tussock Grassland. The headland area between Berry's Beach and Pyramid Rock is in very good condition. 3.2.13 Pyramid Rock to Sunderland Bay Most of the narrow coastal strip in between Pyramid Rock and Gap Road is in poor condition being invaded by Gorse * Ulex europaeus. From Gap road to Sunderland Bay is generally in good condition. 3.2.14 Sunderland Bay to Cape Woolamai. The vegetation condition is poor in the dunes at Forrest Caves towards Surf Beach which is invaded by Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria. To the west of Surf Beach vegetation condition is generally good with Mirror Bush *Coprosma repens, African Box-thorn *Lycium ferocissimum and Gorse * Ulex europaeus occurring sporadically. A large patch of African Box-thorn occurs in the PINP adjacent to the Shearwater Restaurant. East of Forrest Caves to Cape Woolamai is in good condition. ARI Flora Research Page 16 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.3 THREATENING PROCESSES Major threatening processes operating within the PINP and the areas and EVCs most likely to be affected are listed below. 3.3.1 Weed Competition. Weed invasion and competition is the most obvious threatening process operating at the PINP. Past management history is important to consider when assessing the state of certain areas. For example regular burning and grazing of sheep on Cape Woolamai and Summerland Peninsula is likely to have radically changed vegetation structure and composition. In areas close to settlements garden escapes are a problem, particularly due to the dumping of garden waste. In the Coastal Dune Scrub on Cape Woolamai, the native species Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae appears to be dominating. In this location it is considered to be an environmental weed due to the cover abundance of this species being considerably higher than other dune scrubs on Phillip Island and dune scrubs in general. Also in the area behind Flynns Beach Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum appears to be an environmental weed for the same reasons. It is also formerly recognised as an environmental weed. Assessment as to whether a native .species should be considered an environmental weed is difficult without having , detailed information on vegetation composition and structure before a disturbance of 1 some form occurred in these areas. The EV Cs that are sensitive to weed competition, are the Wetland Formation and Swamp Scrub on the margins of the Wetland formation. 3.3.2 Soil Disturbance. Soil disturbance often provides the opportunity for weeds to invade the disturbed area. New roads, upgrading of roads, construction of walking tracks and other recreational facilities should be planned to keep soil disturbance to a minimum. 3.3.3 Rabbit Grazing It is unclear as to the impact of rabbits on the vegetation within the PINP. There is likely to be a significant impact in revegetation areas. 3.3.4 Hydrological changes. Private land holders may affect the drainage into wetlands by building dams or diverting surface runoff. ARI Flora Research Page 17 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.3.5 Drought. The wetland formation areas have been badly affected by the drought conditions leading to a drying out of normally inundated areas. This has lead to large changes in species composition, often providing the opportunity for weed invasion and possibly a permanent change in the flora of wetland areas. 3.3.6 Alteredfire regimes. Since European settlement most managed areas in PINP have probably experienced significantly less fires, except for perhaps the headland area of Cape Woolamai and Summerland Peninsula. Fires that have occurred have been controlled and have un natural boundaries. The patchy or mosaic pattern of fire has been largely eliminated. It is difficult to determine if altered fire regimes is a threatening process without data to support a change having taken place. 3.3. 7 Pltytoplttltora cinnamomi There was no evidence of the presence of phytophthora in the vegetation. If it is found to occur in the future it will most likely affect the trees at the margins of wetlands. 3.4 SITES OF SIGNIFIFICANCE 1 The following criteria have been developed by the Flora & Fauna Division of the ' Department of Natural Resources and Environment, in consultation with other NRE J divisions, government agencies and recognised authorities. They are broadly consistent with the current approach adopted by other comparable agencies and have been modelled on those of the Australian Heritage Commission for the Register of the National Estate. These criteria have been framed to draw attention to the principal objects of nature conservation: the populations and species of native plants and animals, the genetic resources they contain, the ecological communities they comprise and the environmental and evolutionary processes which operate in natural ecosystems. The criteria are not listed in order of merit. In general terms, the criteria for botanical significance used by Moorrees and Molnar (1992) covers the following: 1. ecological integrity and viability 2. richness and diversity 3. rarity 4. representative of type 5. scientific and educational value Sites in this report are considered on a State, regional or local level of significance. These ratings are defined in appendix 3. Sites of botanical significance have been previously recognised by Opie et al (1984) ahd Moorrees and Molnar (1992). ARI Flora Research Page 18 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.4.1 A re-examination of sites identified by Opie et al (1984)/ollows: 1. Observation Point (north of Rhyll Inlet) (Local significance) Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Significance of community or EVC in this report: Regional This area contains Coastal Banksia Woodland, which was given a provisional status of depleted by Moorrees and Molnar (1992). It has been cleared or severely degraded in the regional area. The current threat to the site is from weed invasion by Common Dipogon *Dipogon lignosus, Bridal Creeper *Asparagus asparagoides and Myrtle leaf Milkwort *Polygala myrtifolia var. myrtifolia, especially as the canopy is senescent hence allowing much more light to reach the understorey. Only a few seedlings were observed competing with the dense growth of the weed species. 2. Quadrat B09098 (Near McHaffies Lagoon) (Local significance) Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Significance of community or EVC in this report: Local The outstanding feature of this site is the very old trees it supports. Most significant of1, these was a large multi-stemmed specimen of Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon; parviflorus, 5 m. tall and 0.3 m. in diameter. Other large and old species were Sweet Bursaria, Bursaria spinosa which had a trunk diameter of 0.15 m. and many old specimens of Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum measuring from 0.6-1.2 m. in trunk diameter. There are no apparent threats to the site. 3. Quadrat B09094 (Forrest Caves Reserve) (Local significance) Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Significance of community or EVC in this report: Regional This site supports Sandy Moonah Woodland and was given a provisional status of depleted by Moorrees and Molnar (1992). It has been cleared or severely degraded in the regional area. The current threat to the site is from weed invasion by Panic Vedlt Grass *Ehrharta erecta. ARI Flora Research Page 19 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 3.4.2 A re-examination of sites identified by Moorrees and Molnar(1992)/ollows: 1. Conservation Hill State Wildlife Reserve (Regional significance) Criteria: representative of type, rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 2 (in Coastal Saltmarsh Complex) Botanical values: On revisiting the Reserve Coastal Saltmarsh Complex and Coastal Banksia Woodland is considered significant. However the Coastal Banksia Woodland is somewhat disturbed towards the Silver Leaves Estate. Significance of area in this report: Regional 2. Southern shoreline including Cape Woolamai (State significance) Criteria: representative of type, rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: Coastal Tussock Grassland is rare in Victoria, being far more coinmon on the islands of Bass Strait. I' Significance of area in this report: State (but not for the whole south coast and Cape · Woolamai). The sites will be based on occurrences of intact Coastal Tussock J Grassland areas. 3.4.3 Sites of significance recognised during this study. Site 1 Peaty Moonah Woodland (West of bridge in Fishers Land) Criteria: representative of type, rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: Any occurrence of Moonah Woodland is significant due to it being cleared and depleted in the regional area. The current threats to the site are from weed invasion by Slender Barb-grass *Parapholis strigosa and Elongate Wheat-grass *Lophopyrum elongatum. There is also a lack of regeneration of Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata. Significance: Regional ARI Flora Research Page 20 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Site 2 Clay Moonah Woodland (Churchill Island) Criteria: rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: Any occurrence of Moonah Woodland is significant due to it being cleared and depleted in the regional area. Most of this site is highly disturbed by a ground cover of introduced species. The current threats to the site are from weed invasion by Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia, Wall Barley-grass *Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum and Japanese Brome *Bromus japonicus. There is also a lack of regeneration of Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata. Significance: Regional Site 3 Clay Moonah Woodland (Rennison Bight) Criteria: rarity, ecological integrity and viability Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: This is an intact example with a low cover of introduced species. Site 4 Sandy Moonah Woodland (Forrest Caves Reserve) Criteria: rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: Any occurrence of Moonah Woodland is significant due to it being cleared and depleted in the regional area. The current threats to the site are from weed invasion by Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia, Panic Veldt Grass *E. erecta, Common Sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus and Chickweed *Stellaria media. There is also a lack of regeneration of Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata. Significance: Regional Site 5 Damp Swamp Scrub (Ventnor Koala Reserve) Criteria: Representative of type Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: This area is significant due to the low cover of introduced species. No current threats are apparent. Significance: Local ARI Flora Research Page 21 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Site 6 Inland Coastal Dune Scrub (Cape Woolamai) Criteria: Representative of type Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: This area is significant due to the large old spe6imens of Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus and Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum. Tall young trees and seedlings of Coast Banksia, Banksia marginata were observed growing adjacent to the senescent shrubs. The cover of introduced species is very low. No current threats are apparent. Significance: Local Site 7 Grassy Woodland (Oswin Roberts Reserve) Criteria: Representative of type, rarity, richness and diversity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: These areas in Oswin Roberts Reserve are significant due to the richness and diversity and the fact that Grassy Woodland has been cleared and severely depleted in a State context. The polygons have a low cover of introduced species. Significance: State Site 8 White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub (on the east face of Sunderland Bluff) Criteria: Representative of type Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: This area is significant due to it being a rare example in a local context with a low cover of introduced species. A potential threat to this site is the spread of Gorse *Ulex europeaus from south facing slope of Sunderland Bay. Significance: Local ARI Flora Research Page 22 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Site 9 White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub (Kennon Head) Criteria: rarity Number of rare or threatened taxa: 0 Botanical values: This small area on a rocky headland at Kennon Head is significant due to it's rarity as this was the only site in PINP where this vegetation type was observed. Site 10 Conservation Hill State Wildlife Reserve Refer to 3.4.2 Conservation Hill State Wildlife Reserve under a re-examination of sites identified by Moorrees and Molnar (1992). Site 10 (A) is Coastal Saltmarsh Complex and 10 (B) is Coastal Banksia Woodland. Site 11 Coastal Tussock Grassland Criteria: rarity Number of tare or threatened taxa: 3 Botanical values: Coastal Tussock Grassland was given a provisional status of Vulnerable by Moorrees and Molnar (1992). The areas mapped are significant due to it having been cleared and severely depleted in a State context. Sites occur on the Summerland Peninsula represented by Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland in the area west of Manndeville Road. The other sites are on the south western coast oft Cape Woolamai. Significance: State Site 12 Quadrat B09098. (Near McHaffies Lagoon) Refer to 3. 4.1 Quadrat B09098 (Near McHaffies Lagoon) under a re-examination of sites identified by Opie et al. (1984). 4 WHOLE OF PARK ASSESSMENT The quality of vegetation varies widely within the PINP depending on past land use histories, proximity to private land, level of recreation use, present management practices and sensitivity of the EVC to external pressures. The size, shape and proximity to both private land and disturbed areas of a number of reserves such as the narrow coastal strips, Oswin Roberts Reserve and the Koala Conservation Centre places a high level of pressure on the native vegetation. Considering this, much of these areas are in surprisingly good condition. ARI Flora Research Page 23 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park For comment concerning specific management areas, refer to the vegetation condition section. Of the 454 taxa recorded from quadrat sites, some 120 are introduced. Only 10 of these are woody shrubs or sub-shrubs, which are more readily controlled. 4.1 EVALUATION OF COMMUNITIES AND EVC'S FOR ZONING Floristic communities, mosaics and complexes have not been mapped for other parts of the State and have not been assessed for their threatened status and is therefore not possible to provide a status at these levels. A provisional assessment of the bioregional conservation status of EVCs has been prepared as part of the Regional Forest Agreement process. This is a provisional conservation status which will be amended over time as more complete or higher resolution mapping of vegetation type and condition becomes available. (Ref. 4.1.1) The status ratings given are considered to be appropriate for EVCs in PINP for the South East Coastal Plain bioregion, which includes the Gippsland Plain, Otway Plain and Warrnambool Plain. 4.1.1 Conservation status ofEcological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) at bioregional level. EVC Bio region Status Bird Colony Succulent Herbland South East Coastal Plain v Coast Banksia Woodland South East Coastal Plain v Coastal Tussock Grassland South East Coastal Plain v Grassy Woodland South East Coastal Plain E Heathy Woodland South East Coastal Plain D Mangrove Shrubland South East Coastal Plain R Moonah Woodland South East Coastal Plain E Reed Swamp South East Coastal Plain R Wetland Formation South East Coastal Plain E Status: E = Endangered contracted to less than 10% of former range V = Vulnerable 10 to 30 % pre-European extent remains D =Depleted greater than 30 % and up to 50% pre-European extent remains R=Rare Not considered common C=Common pre-European extent in Victorian bioregion greater than 10,000 Ha . ARI Flora Research Page 24 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 5 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS. The following management recommendations are in priority order 5.1.1 Weed Control program Concentrate the weed control program on the woody shrubs or sub-shrubs, endeavouring to eliminate these from the PINP. (See Appendix 1) 5.1.2 Revegetation works Follow up with revegetation of priority areas using small patches in which a total removal of introduced species is followed by sowing seed of indigenous species. Obviously this is expensive and time consuming. The priority areas are those where woody shrubs or sub-shrubs have been removed as part of the weed control program. 5.1.3 LandAcquisition The narrow coastal areas of the PINP such as the section between Flynn Beach and Ventnor, need the acquisition of land beyond the present 30 m wide area formerly documented as being in the PINP. Along much of these areas there is a wider zone of vegetation that consists of indigenous species or partly indigenous species. ~ I There are small areas of land, between Kennon Head and Pyramid Rock, and Pyramid Rock and Sunderland Bay, which contain indigenous vegetation extending beyond the PINP 30 m zone. These parcels of land would be suitable for PINP to purchase. A specific location as an example is the area behind the headland 0.5 kilometres west of Sunderland bluff. An area of predominantly indigenous vegetation exists, behind the 30 meter zone, between Forrest Caves Reserve and the Shearwater Restaurant which could be purchased. There are important Coastal Saltmarsh Complex areas beyond the present PINP 30 m zone in the Swan Bay to Denne Bight area which are also appropriate for acquisition. 5.1.4 Lack of recruitment in Moonah Woodland communities The ongoing existence of the three communities of Moonah Woodland within the PINP is threatened by a lack of recruitment. No regeneration or very little regeneration is occurring. Therefore a planting program needs to continue on Churchill Island and to commence at the other locations of Moonah Woodland. These ARI Flora Research Page 25 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park are at Forrest Cave Reserve, immediately south of the car park, and in Fishers Land and along the narrow coastal reserve to the west toward Sway Bay. 5.1.5 Use offire for Biodiversity Management for Biodiversity and some weed control in vegetation is often most readily achieved through the use of fire. In south eastern Australia a high fire frequency of low intensity results in foredunes covered in graminoids and bracken. Conversely, dunes burnt infrequently by intense fires are often dominated by Leptospermum thickets (Harris, 1991). There are dense areas of Leptospermum laevigatum particularly behind Flynns Beach and in parts of the eastern side of the spit joining Cape Woolamai. If increasing the biodiversity of these areas were a priority, then small areas in a mosaic pattern would need to be burnt on a medium intensity/medium frequency regime. Natural gaps in the vegetation would need to be located rather than creating artificial fire breaks. A medium frequency is probably in the range of 10 - 15 year intervals. Naturally a careful assessment of effects of this suggested fire regime need to be made. Fire may cause the dunes to be prone to undesirable erosion. The problems associated with burning vegetation in a mosaic pattern for nature conservation are many and varied. Such a burning regime may be considered detrimental and the effects rated as too high a risk. The other two communities in which the use of fire should be considered are the Coastal Tussock Grassland and the Grassy Woodlands. Studies of the Kangaroo Grass Grasslands of the basalt plains of Victoria show that roadsides and paddocks that had not been burnt regularly had significantly fewer native species than the rail reserves burnt annually (Stuwe & Parsons 1977). This most likely also applies to~ Grasslands and Grassy Woodlands on Phillip Island. As a trial, small areas could be J set aside which could undergo trial ecological burns at 3 to 5 year intervals. Assessments of cover/abundance of species would need to be undertaken at the start of the trial and after the vegetation has regenerated in order to monitor the fire's effect on the vegetation structure and floristics. The main problem associated with burning grasslands is that much of the grassland areas, particularly on Summerland Peninsula, have a significant cover of introduced species. After an area is burnt it is likely that the introduced species will recolonise the gaps between grass tussocks before the indigenous herbs, possibly causing a further decrease in diversity of indigenous species. Also nesting seabirds are present ,which further reduces the practicality of ecological burning as a management tool. Another difficult decision concerning the use of fire in the management of vegetation dominated by native grasses is the timing of fire with advantages and disadvantages for every season. 5.1.6 Environmental Weeds in PINP The large area of Swamp Scrub immediately to the west of the Penguin Parade complex appears to be spreading. Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia is not ARI Flora Research Page 26 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park formerly recognised as an environmental weed, however this does not mean it should not be considered a problem within PINP. Little is known of the species dynamics of Swamp Paperbark, but it is likely to be long lived and regeneration of the species in canopy gaps is likely to occur where old individuals senesce and die. It appears the spread of this species has been due to the disturbance during construction of the Summerland Estate and altered drainage patterns thereby caused. It is recommended that the species be progressively cleared starting from areas outside known Little Penguin habitat to see if the penguin population moves into the cleared areas. The use of fire with a frequent regime would the most efficient method of eradicating the species however is not practical for most the area, so regular slashing is suggested. In some areas of the Cape Woolamai spit, the indigenous Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, appears to be dominating in the Coastal Dune Scrub. It is considered to be an environmental weed as the cover abundance of this species is considerably higher than other dune scrubs on Phillip Island or elsewhere. Also in the area behind Flynns Beach, Coastal Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum appears to be an environmental weed for the same reasons. It has been formerly recognised as an environmental weed. Assessment as to whether a native species should be considered an environmental weed is difficult without having detailed information on vegetation composition and structure before a disturbance of some form occurred in these areas. The use of fire to attempt to change species composition could be monitored on a small area of land, with natural fire breaks, to observe how the Acacia and Leptospermum recolonise the area - with more, less or similar dominance. ARI Flora Research Page 27 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6 VEGETATION DESCRIPTIONS 6.1 COASTAL DUNE SCRUB 6.1.1 Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub Fre c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 3 Rha odia candolleana ss . candolleana Seaber Saltbush Number of Quadrats in Group: 4 Number of Character Species in Group: 1 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 22 (23): (11-28) Mean altitude and range: 18 (10-25) Mean non-native number and range: 35% (3 - 64) Mean non-native cover and range: 24% (9-44) Total number of species in group: 49 Total number of non-native species in group: 17 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 1) This community is common along the foredune on the western side of Cape Woolamai and to the south of Swan Lake. The structure is a shrubland and soils are sandy with no organic matter evident. It was probably once much more common, but has been invaded by Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria and now does not have the floristic composition or the vegetation structure of this community. The characteristic species are Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus, Coast Daisy Bush Olearia axillaris, Knobby Club -sedge Isolepis nodosa, Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana and Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis. This community is distinguished from other Coastal Dune Scrub communities by the 1 presence on or near the exposed positions of the coast. It lacks several species found ' in many of the other communities being Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, J Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia. Sea Celery Apuim prostratum only occurs in this community. Floristic Community map label for Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub is CDSl. 6.1.2 Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub Freq c/a Binomial Common 100 1 Spin{fex sericeus Hairy Spinifex 100 2 Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting 100 1 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 1 Leucopo[ Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 7 ARI Flora Research Page 28 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Mean (median) spp. no. andrange:l8 (19) :(14-21) Mean altitude and range: 8 (3-10) Mean non-native number and range: 30% (4 - 32) Mean non-native cover and range: 38% (29-54) Total number of species in group: 32 Total no. ofnon-native species in group: 7 Total regional rare species in group: 4 Total national rare species in group: 3 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 2) This community occurs mainly on the east side of the Cape Woolamai Road in the Spit area. Some small patches also exist on the west side of the Cape Woolamai Road and along the coast near the Forrest Caves Reserve. It has a higher diversity of shrubs than Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub. The shrubs form dense thickets with more sparsely vegetated areas in between. The structure is a shrubland and soils are sandy with no evidence of organic matter. The common species are Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, Coast Beard heath Leucopogon parviflorus, Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia axillaris, Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus. Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa, Cat's Ear* Hypochoeris radicata, Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria and Hairy Spinifex Spinifex sericeus. This community includes the rare Peninsula Daisy-bush r Olearia sp. aff. Lanuginosa. This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the presence of Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, Jersey cudweed Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum and Grey Willow-herb Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum. Floristic Community map label for Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS2. 6.1.3 Exposed Cape Woolamai CoastalDune Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + Tetra~onia imvlexicoma Bower Spinach 100 1 Spinffex sericeus Hairy Spinifex 100 1 Senecio oinnatifolius Variable Groundsel 100 1 * Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed 100 2 Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting 100 1 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 2 Leucovhvta brownii Cushion Bush 100 1 Jsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 1 * Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 9 Mean (median) spp. no. And range: 11 (10): (10-11) Mean altitude and range: 21 (20-22) Mean non-native number and range: 24% (2 - 27) Mean non-native cover and range: 20% (14-26) Total number of species in group: 12 Total number of non-native species in group: 2 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 3) ARI Flora Research Page 29 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park This community is· mostly confined to the western side of the spit area on Cape J Woolamai and along Flynn Beach. It is best developed on sand dunes exposed to the strongest prevailing winds. The community is characterised by the sparse cover of vegetation and by numerous petrified roots lying on the sand. The common species are Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii, Variable Groundsel Senecio pinnatifolius and the ubiquitous Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus, Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia axillaris and Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa. This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the dominance of Cushion Bush, Leucophyta brown,ii and a very low cover of shrubs. It also lacks the herbs and forbs found in other communities. Floristic Community map label for Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS3. , 6.1.4 Inland Coastal Dune Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Tetral{onia implexicoma Bower Spinach 100 1 * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 1 Rhal{odia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush 100 + Ranunculus sessilif!orus var. sessilif!orus Annual Buttercup 100 + Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 100 1 * Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed 100 1 Paa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 + Parietaria debilis s.s. Shade Pellitory 100 4 # Levtospermum laevil{atum Coast Tea-tree 100 + Jsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 1 Dichondra repens Kidnev-weed 100 + * Coprosma revens Mirror-bush 100 + * Conyza svv. Fleabane 100 2 Banksia intef!.rifolia var. intewifolia Coast Banksia Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 14 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 29 (29): (26-32) Mean altitude and range: 10 (10-10) Mean non-native number and range: 31 % (8 - 31) Mean non-native cover and range: 34% (28-39) Total number of species in group: 44 Total number of non-native species in group: 10 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 3 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 4) This community occurs on the inland dunes and dune systems immediately adjacent to the south arm of Swan Lake and the area to the north toward Green Lake. The structure is a tall shrubland and soils are sandy with low to moderate organic matter. The characteristic species are Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia var. integrifolia, Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa, Shade Pellitory Parietaria debilis s.s, Annual Buttercup Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. sessiliflorus, Kidney weed Dichondra repens, Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum, ARl Flora Research Page 30 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park ~ Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, Common Sow-thistleJ *Sonchus oleraceus and Bower Spinach Tetragona implexicoma. This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the presence of Misty Bent Agrostis venusta, Angled Lobelia, Lobelia anceps, Annual Buttercup Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. sessiliflorus and White Elderberry Sambucus gaudichaudiana. Floristic Community map label for Inland Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS4. 6.1.5 Thyme Rice-flower Coastal Dune Scrub (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet -page 5) This community is only represented by one sample site and is therefore poorly defined. This site occurs on the lower part of the fore dune with a sandy soil low in organic matter. The site is centred on a locally rare occurrence of Thyme Rice-flower Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp serpyllifolia, along a small section of coast near Ventnor. The other common species are Marram Grass *Ammophila arenaria, Knobby Club sedge Jsolepis nodosa, Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare, Coast Beard-Heath Leucopogon parivflorus, Coast Daisy-bush Olearia axillaris and Sallow Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae. · This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the presence of Thyme Rice-flower Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp serpyllifolia. Floristic Community map label for Thyme Rice-flower Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS5. 6.1.6 Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 5) This community of Coastal Dune Scrub, occurs near the eastern end of Swan Lake and around Cat Bay. This community occupies the hind dunes, being closer to the coast than Inland Coastal Dune Scrub. Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub is a diverse community, with approximately 40 species present. Characteristic species are Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia var. integrifolia, Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia var. longifolia, Kidney-weed Dichondra repens, Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum and Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides. There are a number of small annuals that make this community relatively species rich such as Coast Blown-grass Agrostis billardierei var. billardierei, Delicate Hair-grass * Aira elegans, Fern Grass *Catapodium rigidum and Suckling Clover *Trifolium dubium. ARI Flora Research Page 31 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park J This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the presence of Veined · Spear-grass Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa, Love Creeper Comesperma volubile, Long-hair Plume-grass Dichelachne crinita, Common Wheat-grass Elymus scaber and Trailing Speedwell Veronica plebeia. Floristic Community map label for Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS6. 6.1.7 Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach 100 1 Rhagodia candolleana ssp. can Seaberry Saltbush 100 1 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 3 # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla Number ofQuadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 4 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :24 (25): (13-35) Mean altitude and range: 13 (10-18) Mean non-native number and range: 51 % ( 6 - 63) Mean non-native cover and range: 54% (40-64) · Total number of species in group: 52 Total number ofnon-native species in group: 25 Total regional rare species in group: 2 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 6) Coastal Dune Scrub 7 appears to be a rare community with only very limited extent around the three quadrat sites from this group, two of which are in the narrow coastal strip near Ventnor and the other site at Berry's Beach. The structure is a shrub land and soils are sandy with low organic matter. The cover is normally dominated by Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare, with Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia axillaris, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. t· candolleana and Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma. Less common is Small-, leaved Clematis Clematis microphylla, Mirror Bush, *Coprosma repens and Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia. This community is distinguished from the other dune scrubs by the presence of Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare, White Correa Correa alba and Coast Bonefruit Threlkeldia diffusa Floristic Community map label for Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS7. ARI Flora Research Page 32 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.1.8 Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Tetrazonia implexicoma Bower Spinach 100 + * Senecio elezans Purple Groundsel 100 1 Senecio biserratus Jagged Fireweed 100 2 Rhazodia candolleana ssp. candol!eana Seabeny Saltbush 100 + Paa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1 Parietaria debi!is s.!. Shade Pellitory 100 + Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 2 Leucopozonparvitlorus Coast Beard-heath 100 4 # Leptospermum laevizatum Coast Tea-tree 100 2 * Lazurus ovatus Hare's Tail 100 1 * Ehrharta lonfdflora Annual Veldt Grass 100 1 * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass 100 1 Clematis micro1Jhvl!a Small-leaved Clematis 100 1 * Bromus diandrus Great Brome 100 + Austrodanthonia S/J/J. Wallaby Grass 100 2 # Acacia lonzifolia var. !onzffolia Sallow Wattle Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 16 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :26 (26): (21-31) Mean altitude and range: 15 (10-20) Mean non-native number and range: 49% (9 - 55) Mean non-native cover and range: 52% (46-57) Total number of species in group: 36 Total number ofnon-native species in group: 17 Total regional rare species in group: 2 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 8) This community occurs in the swale or depression immediately behind the foredune. The structure is a shrubland and soils are sandy with low organic matter. The dominant species are Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Sallow Wattle Acacia longifolia var. longifolia, Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp~ candolleana, Small-leaved Clematis Clematis~ microphylla, Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus, Shade Pellitory Parietaria} debilis and Jagged Fireweed Senecio biserratus. Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare is also a part of this community along the coast near Surfies Point Floristic Community map label for Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS8. 6.1.9 Seaberry Saltbush Coastal Dune Scrub (No quadrat sites) This vegetation is somewhat doubtful to be given community status but is a common vegetation type in such widespread areas as Summerland Peninsula and Cape Woolamai. The structure is a low shrubland dominated by a single species Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana. It is possible that this species ARI Flora Research Page 33 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park invades areas following disturbance and therefore may be excluding other species that~ may have previously inhabited the area. Floristic Community map label for Seaberry Saltbush Coastal Dune Scrub is CDS9. 6.2 COASTAL HEADLAND SCRUB 6.2.1 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Paa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 4 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 100 2 # Leptospermum laevi~atum Coast Tea-tree 100 + Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia 100 + Gonocarpus tefraf!Ynus Common Raspwort 100 + Cassvtha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel 100 + Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 7 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :30 (29): (28-34) Mean altitude and range: 40 (40-40) Mean non-native number and range: 21% (5 - 24) Mean non-native cover and range: 19% (17-22) Total number of species in group: 60 Total number of non-native species in group: 10 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 3 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 8) This community appears to be rare on Phillip Island and is an unusual environment for the dominant species Swamp Paper-bark Melaleuca ericifolia. The land form is a headland, vegetation structure is a shrubland and soils have a sandy clay loam to a clay loam texture. 1, J The dominant species is Swamp Paper-bark Melaleuca ericifolia, which is normally found in wetter, more protected environments. Other common species are Spiny headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia var. longifolia, Blue Tussock Grass Paa poiformis, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides, Kidney Weed Dichondra repens, Velvet Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia pilosa var. pilosa, Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata and Creeping Bossiaea Bossiaea prostrata. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia, Drooping She-oak Allocasuarina verticillata, Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata, Honey-pots Acrotriche serrulata, Cranberry Heath Astroloma humifusum and Creeping Bossiaea Bossiaea prostrata. Floristic Community map label for Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub is CHSI. ARI Flora Research Page 34 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.2.2 Clay Pan Coastal Headland Scrub (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 9) This community is rare on Phillip Island and is restricted to the western side of Cape Woolamai approximately 0.5 km west of Woolamai Hill. The area it occupies has a cemented calcareous layer out cropping at several locations. The structure is mostly a dense shrubland and the soil is a grey loam low in organic content. The characteristic species are Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Sallow Wattle Acacia longifolia var. longifolia, Large-leaf Bush-pea Pultenaea daphnoides, Slender Bush-pea Pultenaea tenuifolia, Bristly Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia setacea, Sieber Crassula, Crassula sieberiana and the rare Trailing Coast Poa r Poa poiformis var. ramifer. The community also includes many small inconspicuous weed species such as Square Cicendia *Cicendia quadrangularis, Annual Cat's-tail *Rostraria cristata and Common Pearlwort, *Sagina apetala. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of Large-leaf Bush-pea Pultenaea daphnoides, Slender Bush-pea P.tenuifolia and Running Postman Kennedia prostrata. The environment is different to other headland scrubs due to the presence of the cemented calcareous layer. Floristic Community map label for Clay Pan Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS2. 6.2.3 Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + Urtica incisa Scrub Nettle 100 + Threlkeldia diffusa Coast Bonefruit 100 1 Tetra~onia implexicoma Bower Spinach 100 1 * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 2 Rha~odia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberrv Saltbush 100 + * Polycarpon tetraphyl!um Four-leaved Allseed 100 1 Paa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 1 # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla 100 1 * Lyciumferocissimum African Box-thorn 100 3 # Leptospermum laevi~atum Coast Tea-tree 100 1 lsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 1 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 100 + Crassula sieberiana Sieber Crassula 100 1 Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 15 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :27 (26): (22-31) Mean altitude and range: 80 (60-100) Mean non-native number and range: 36% (8 - 36) Mean non-native cover and range: 40% (36-44) Total number of species in group: 38 Total number of non-native species in group: 12 Total regional rare species in group: 2 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 9) ARI Flora Research Page 35 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Coastal Headland Scrub 3 is a rare community in the PINP, only observed on a very t small section of the coast on the eastern side of Cape Woolamai. It also occurred in a J mosaic with Black Wattle dominated Grassy Woodland on the coastal cliffs between Conservation Hill and Rhyll. It is characterised by steep slopes with large granite boulders. The soil is a sandy loam that is low in organic content The common species are Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Beard heath Leucopogon parivflorus and Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spathulata. The ground layer is sparsely vegetated with Kidney-weed Dichondra repens, Coast Spear-grass Austrostipa flavescens, Karkalla Carpobrotus rossii and Tangled Bedstraw Galium australe. Dense patches smaller shrubs can include Seaberry Salt-bush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana and Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spathulata and Scrub Nettle Urtica incisa. Also the environmental niche differs, being steep slopes with large granite rocks. Floristic Community map label for Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS3. 6.2.4 Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub Fre<1 c/a 0 Binomial Common IOO 1 Viola hederacea s. l. Ivy-leaf Violet 100 1 Veronica 1Jlebeia Trailing Speedwell 100 + * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle IOO + Senecio 1Jinnatjfolius (lanceolate) Lance-leaf Groundsel 100 3 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken IOO + * Polvcarvon tetraphvllum Four-leaved Allseed 100 1 Poa voiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1 Oxalis rubens Rufous Wood-sorrel IOO + Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush 100 1 Lomandra longifolia SS/J. lonf!ifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush IOO 5 Leucopogon parvif!orus Coast Beard-heath IOO 1 Laf;!enifera huegelii Coarse Lagenifera 100 + Isolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge IOO 1 Dichondra re1Jens Kidney-weed 100 + Dianella brevicaulis Short-stalk Flax-lily IOO + Cynoglossum australe Australian Hound's-tongue IOO I * Conyza scabiosifolia Rough Conyza IOO 1 Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis 100 + * Centaurium svv. Centaury IOO + Bursaria SIJinosa Sweet Bursaria IOO + Agrostis billardierei Coast Blown-grass 100 2 # Acacia lonf!ifolia var. longifolia Sallow Wattle ARI Flora Research Page 36 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 22 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :46 (45): (41-50) Mean altitude and range: 49 (32-65) Mean non-native number and range: 27% (11 - 27) Mean non-native cover and range: 21 % (19-23) Total number of species in group: 69 Total number of non-native species in group: 17 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 10) This community is largely confined to the southern area of Cape Woolamai and occurs inland from the Coast. It may be a result of past disturbance such as a human induced fire regime. The most common species are Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parvijlorus, Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum, Sallow Wattle, Acacia longifolia var. sophorae, Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia and Rough Conyza *Conyza scabiosifolia. The ground layer is typically sparse due to the dense shrub layer. The characteristic ground species are Trailing Speedwell Veronica plebeia, Coarse Lagenifera, Lagenifera huegelii, Annual Buttercup Ranunculus sessilijlorus var. sessiliflorus and Ivy-leaf Violet Viola hederacea. This community includes the rare Pale-flower Cranesbill r Geranium sp.3 (This taxa has been described and has an interim name until the taxonomy of the Geranium group is clarified). This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of dense Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parvijlorus in combination with Sallow Wattle Acacia longifolia var. longifolia. Other unique species include Rough Conyza *Conyza scabiosifolia, Australian Hound's-tongue Cynoglossum australe and Coarse Lagenifera Lagenifera huegelii. Floristic Community map label for Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS4. 6.2.5 White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 11) This community is likely to have been substantially more common and widespread on headland areas along the south coast, before the invasion of introduced species. The shrub layer is typically very dense, with the most common species including Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus, White Correa, Correa alba and Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata. Other common species include Austral Bracken Pteridium . esculentum, Sea Celery Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum, Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae- zelandiae, Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis and Grass Trigger-plant Stylidium graminifolium. The woody weeds that dominate this community are Gorse *Ulex europaeus and to a lesser extent Boxthom *Lycium ferocissimum. At Pyramid Rock species also include Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia, Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare. ARI Flora Research Page 37 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park A variant was found on a rocky headland at Kennon Head, which is dominated by White Correa. Other species found at this site include Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma, Blue Tussock-grass Paa poiformis, Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis f nodosa, Short-stalk Flax-lily Dianella brevicaulis, and Rufous Wood-sorrel OxalisJ rubens. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence qf Grass Trigger-plant Stylidium graminifolium and Climbing Lignum Muehlenbeckia adpressa. Floristic Community map label for White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS5. 6.2. 6 Drainage Line Coastal Headland Scrub (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 11) This community is very rare along the south coast and is found in a drainage line near the YCW camp at Smiths Beach. Its delineation as a community is hampered by the lack of sampling sites. The common species are Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus, Rough-barked Honey-myrtle Melaleuca parvistaminea, Shiny Swamp mat Selliera radicans, Creeping Brookweed Samolus repens, Nodding Club-sedge Jsolepis cernua, Streaked Arrowgrass Triglochin striatum, Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana and Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla. This community includes the rare Pale-flower Cranesbill r Geranium sp.3. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of Rough-barked Honey-myrtle Melaleuca parvistaminea, Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla, Smooth Willow-herb Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum, Five-awned Spear-grass Pentapogon quadrifidus and Creeping Brookweed Samolus repens. I· Floristic Community map label for Drainage Line Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS6. 6.2. 7 Common Boobialla Coastal Headland Scrub (No quadrat sites) This community has limited occurrences on Summerland Peninsula and at Berry's Beach on steep red soil cliffs often with exposed rocky sections. The common species are Sea Box Alyxia buxifolia, Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum and Ruby Saltbush Enchylaena tomentosa ARI Flora Research Page 38 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park var. tomentosa. Additional species in this community at Berry's Beach include White Correa, Correa alba and Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii. This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of; Sea Box Alyxia buxifolia, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum and Ruby Saltbush Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa. Floristic Community map label for Common Boobtalla Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS7. 6.2.8 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub (No quadrat sites) This community of Coastal Headland Scrub is most often found in a mosaic with Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland. The shrubland patches are rather small, therefore making it difficult to sample. It is however, important to recognise this unit as a true floristic unit of Coastal Headland Scrub that has not been quadrat sampled. The only data relating to this Floristic Community of Coastal Headland Scrub has been collected as a mosaic with Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland (see description below). The data therefore has both shrubland and grassland species present, which is not truly reflective of the individual EVCs that make up the mosaic. Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub is found on sandy soils with low organic matter. It has floristic affinities with Coastal Dune Scrub, however it occurs on a headland, rather than on a dune system. The characteristic species are Coast Beard-Heath Leucopogon parviflorus, Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia axillaris, Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus, Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, and Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii. I' } A few grasses and herbs can be present in the shrubland, due to the close proximity of Coastal Tussock Grassland. However, shrubs dominate the structure and floristics of Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub, therefore defining it structurally as a distinct EVC, as well as detailing it floristically to a separate Floristic Community of a Coastal Headland Scrub. · This community is distinguished from the other headland scrubs by the presence of Coast Beard-Heath Leucopogon parviflorus in combination with Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia axillaris and Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus. It doesn't contain Coast Wattle Acacia longifolia var. sophorae. Floristic Community map label Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub is CHS8. ARI Flora Research Page 39 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.3 COASTAL TUSSOCK GRASSLAND 6.3.1 Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 4 Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 l * Hwochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 100 1 * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 100 2 Calocevhalus lacteus Milky Beauty-heads 100 1 * Ana>;allis arvensis Pimpernel 100 1 Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 080 1 * Leontodon taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit 080 1 lsolevis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 080 1 Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass 080 1 Dichondra revens Kidney-weed Number ofQuadrats in Group: 5 Number of Character Species in Group: 10 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :30 (32): (22-41) Mean altitude and range: 21 (15-30) Mean non-native number and range: 33% (4 - 41) Mean non-native cover and range: 27% (11-38) Total number of species in group: 79 Total number of non-native species in group: 23 Total regional rare species in group: 5 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 12) This community occurs mainly on the Summerland Peninsula, both on the coast and inland. This community is dominant to the west of Pyramid Road, however much of it is on private land. The soils are a clay loam and organic content is moderate. The common species are Blue Tussock-grass Paa poiformis, Common Wheat-grass Elymus scaber, Milky Beauty-heads Calocephalus lacteus, Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae-zelandiae, Pimpernel *Anagallis arvensis, Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Long-hair Plume grass Dichelachne crinita, Kidney-weed Dichondra repens, Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa and Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides. This community includes the rare Pale-flower Cranesbill r Geranium sp. 3 and two species rated as poorly known, Leafy Wallaby-grass k Austrodanthonia I· bipartita s.s and Tall Wallaby-grass k Austrodanthonia sp. (syn. Danthonia procera) ; This community is distinguished from the other Coastal Tussock Grassland by the presence of Long-hair Plume grass Dichelachne crinita, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides, Common Wheat-grass Elymus scaber, and Milky Beauty heads Calocephalus lacteus. Floristic Community map label for Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland is CTG 1. ARI Flora Research Page 40 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.3.2 Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland (No quadrat sites) This community occurs on the steep, exposed coastal cliffs of Cape Woolamai and along the southern coast. The dominant species is Prickly Spear-grass Austrostipa stipoides which grows in dense swards, intermingled with Blue Tussock-grass, Poa poiformis and Cushion Bush, Leucophyta brownii. This community is species poor due to the dense grass cover and extreme exposure to salt-laden winds. This community is distinguished from the other Coastal Tussock Grassland by the presence of Prickly Spear-grass Austrostipa stipoides and Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii. Floristic Community map label for C/if.TCoastal Tussock Grassland is CTG 2. 6.4 BIRD COLONY SUCCULENT HERBLAND Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + * Sonchus o/eraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 2 Paa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1 * La~urus ovatus Hare's Tail 100 + Iso/epis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 + Dichondra repens Kidney-weed Number ofQuadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 5 Mean (median) spp. no. and range : 17 (17): (17-17) Mean altitude and range: 15 (10-20) Mean non-native number and range: 38% (5 - 47) Mean non-native cover and range: 21 % (17-25) Total number of species in group: 29 Total number ofnon-native species in group: 11 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 13) The most extensive area of this EVC is at the Nobbies and along the western coast of Cape Woolamai, with smaller patches occurring frequently along the south coast. The characteristic appearance of this EVC is a dense cover of Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma often as a single species. However another succulent species Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum can be present. This EVC is best developed on the clay loam soils. Other common species are Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii, Rough Sow-thistle *Sonchus aspera s.l., Common Sow-thistle *S. oleraceus and Hare's Tail *La gurus ovatus. · ARI Flora Research Page 41 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.5 SAND HILL SEDGELAND Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 3 Lepidosperma ?;ladiatum Coast Sword-sedge 100 + Jsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 2 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 18 (20): (13-22) Mean altitude and range: 52 (25-70) Mean non-native number and range: 37% (1 - 60) Mean non-native cover and range: 26% (2-43) Total number of species in group: 45 Total number of non-native species in group: 16 Total regional rare species in group: 2 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 22) This community is wide spread occurring at Cape Woolamai, along the southern coast and in the Flynns Reef area. Most ex~mples have a high cover of introduced species. The soil as the name suggests is sandy and is low in organic matter. The most characteristic species are Coast Sword-sedge Lepidosperma gladiatum, Knobby club sedge Isolepis nodosa, Coast Spear-grass Austrostipa flavescens, Small-leaved Clematis Clematis microphylla, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana and Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma. A variant of this community dominated by Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia was observed during the mapping. The most common introduced species are Great Brome *Bromus diandrus, Common Sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus and Wall Barley-grass *Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum. This community includes the poorly known Slender Bitter-cress k Cardamine tenuifolia. · 6.6 STRANDLINE (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 23) The Strandline is the zone between the foredune and the high tide mark. It is commonly sparsely vegetated and very narrow, often being too small to map even at a i' large scale of 1:5,000. A Strandline is present on many of the beaches in the PINP. I This community is only represented by one sample site and is therefore poorly defined. The most common species are Hairy Spinifex Spinifex sericeus, Cushion bush Leucophyta brownii, Dune Thistle Actites megalocarpa, Knobby Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa and Bower-Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma. The introduced species include Cats Ear *Hypochoeris radiata, Hairy Hawkbit *Leontodon taraxacoides, Four-leaved Allseed *Polycarpon tetraphyllum and Common Sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus. Floristic Community map label for Phillip Island Strandline is Sl. ARI Flora Research Page 42 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.7 MOONAH WOODLAND 6. 7.1 Peaty Moonah Woodland (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 13) This community is only represented by one sample site and is therefore poorly defined. All communities of Moonah Woodland are rare in the PINP. The species composition of this community is strongly influenced by the adjacent coastal saltmarsh and the soil is high in organic matter. The common species are Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla, Austral Seabite Suaeda australis and Slender Barb-grass* Parapholis strigosa. This community is distinguished from the other Moonah Woodland communities by the presence of Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinquejlora, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla, Austral Seabite Suaeda australis and Slender Barb-grass *Parapholis strigosa. Floristic Community map label for Peaty Moonah Woodland is MWI. 6. 7.2 Clay Moonah Woodland (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 14) This community is only represented by one sample site and therefore poorly defined. This quadrat site is a remnant of what was probably a large area of Moonah Woodland on Churchill Island. The soil is a clay loam. ' The common native species are Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata,; Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana and Bower Spinach · Tetragonia implexicoma. The introduced species which dominate most of the remaining areas where Moonah is present as old overstorey remnants include Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia, Panic Veldt Grass *E. erecta, Japanese Brome *Bromus japonicus, Wall Barley-grass *Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum and Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne var. perenne. This community is distinguished from Peaty Moonah Woodland by the lack of saltmarsh species including Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla, Austral Seabite Suaeda australis and Slender Barb-grass *Parapholis strigosa. ARI Flora Research Page 43 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park It is distinguished from Sandy Moonah Woodland by the lack of Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parvijlorus, White Elderberry Sambucas gaudichaudiana and Shade Pellitory Parietaria debilis s.l FloristiC Community map label for Clay Moonah Woodland isMW2. 6.7.3 Sandy Moonah Woodland (1 quadrat site) This community is only represented by one sample site and is therefore poorly defined. This Moonah Woodland differs from Peaty Moonah Woodland and Clay Moonah Woodland as it occurs on the land ward side of a dune and the soil is sandy. The common native species are Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata, Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana, Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma, White Elderberry Sambucas gaudichaudiana and Shade Pellitory Parietaria debilis s.l. The prominent introduced species are Panic Veldt Grass *Ehrharta ere eta, Annual Veldt Grass *Ehrharta longifolia, Cleavers *Gali um aparine, Common Sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus and Chickweed *Stellaria media. This community is distinguished from the other two communities by the presence of Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum, Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus, White Elderberry Sambucas gaudichaudiana and Shade Pellitory Parietaria debilis s.l. Floristic Community map label for Sandy Moonah Woodland is MW3. 6.8 GRASSY WOODLAND 6.8.l Black Wattle Grassy Woodland Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Microlaena stipoides var. stivoides Weeoing Grass 100 3 Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle 080 3 Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 080 I Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine 080 + * Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 080 I Goodenia ovata Hoo Goodenia 080 + * Centaurium tenuiflorum Branched Centaurv 080 1 Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria 080 1 * Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass ARI Flora Research Page 44 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Number of Quadrats in Group: 5 Number of Character Species in Group: 9 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :31 (30): (25-41) Mean altitude and range: 16 (8-30) Mean non-native number and range: 31 % ( 4 - 46) Mean non-native cover and range: 23% (9-38) Total number of species in group: 96 Total number of non-native species in group: 28 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 3 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 14 and 15) This community is widespread in the Rhyll Wetland Reserve and Oswin Roberts Reserve and in a small area of the Conservation Hill Reserve. The species diversity is generally lower in this community compared with sites from Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland. The soils are generally a clay loam with moderate organic matter levels. The common native species are Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii, Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata, Sweet Bursaria, Bursaria spinosa, Common Tussock -grass Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides and Wonga Vine Pandorea pandorana. Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata is present only in one site. The common introduced species are Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Branched Centaury *Centaurium tenuiflorum and Cat's Ear *Hypochoeris radicata. This community is distinguished from Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland by the absence of Coast Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana, Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon in the overstorey. Other different species include Common Apple-berry Billardiera scandens, Prickly Currant-bush Coprosma · quadriflda, Southern Tick-trefoil Desmodium gunnii, Creeping Cudweed Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s, Cinquefoil Cranesbill Geranium potentilloides, Five-awned Spear-grass Pentapogon quadrifldus and Grey Tussock-grass Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana. Floristic Community map label for Black Wattle Grassy Woodland is GWl. 6.8.2 Coast Manna-gum Grassy Woodland Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 1 * Plantaf.;o lanceolata Ribwort 100 2 Microlaena stipoides var. sti1Joides Weeping Grass 100 1 * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 100 1 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 100 1 Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis 100 2 Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria 083 1 Rubus /Jarvifolius Small-leaf Bramble 083 2 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 083 1 Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine 083 + Hypericum wamineum Small St John's Wort 083 + Gonocarvus tetraf!Ynus Common Raspwort 083 1 Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass 083 + Diane/la lonR(folia Pale Flax-lily 083 + Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass 083 + Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee ARI Flora Research Page 45 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park . Number of Quadrats in Group: 6 Number of Character Species in Group: 15 Mean (median) spp. no. and range :41 (46): (24-49) Mean altitude and range: 26 (20-32) Mean non-native number and range: 24% (6 - 26) Mean non-native cover and range: 20% (16-24) Total number of species in group: 104 Total number of non-native species in group: 26 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 15 and 16) i' This community has a more restricted occurrence in part of Oswin Roberts Reserve and a small area of Ventnor Koala Reserve. The species diversity for this community is generally higher compared with sites from Black Wattle dominated Grassy Woodland. The overstorey is variable, consisting of Coast Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana at some sites with or without Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii as an understorey tree. Black Wattle and Southern Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus occur as single representatives in the overstorey of some sites. The soils are loams or clay loams. The most common understorey species are Sweet Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, Small leaf Bramble Rubus parvifolius, Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum, Wonga Vine Pandorea pandorana, Mountain Clematis Clematis aristata, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides, Reed Bent-grass Deyeuxia quadriseta, Pale Flax lily Dianella longifolia, Kidney-weed Dichondra repens and Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae-zelandiae. A number of other grasses can be present including Five awned Spear-grass Pentapogon quadrifidus, Common Tussock-grass Paa labillardierei var labillardierei, Soft Tussock-grass Paa morrisii and Grey Tussock-grass Paa sieberiana var. sieberiana. Also quite common is the scrambler Southern Tick-trefoil Desmodium gunnii, occurring in four of the six sites. This community includes the rare Southern Blue Gum r Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus. This community is distinguished from Black Wattle Grassy Woodland by the presence of Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon, Common Apple-berry Billardiera scandens, Prickly Currant-bush Coprosma quadrifida, Southern Tick-trefoil Desmodium gunnii, Creeping Cudweed Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s, Cinquefoil Cranesbill Geranium potentilloides, Five-awned Spear-grass Pentapogon quadrifidus and Grey Tussock grass Paa sieberiana var. sieberiana Floristic Community map label for Coast Manna-gum Grassy Woodland is GW2. ARI Flora Research Page 46 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.8.3 Blue Gum Grassy Woodland Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf Bramble 100 + * Rubusfruticosus S/J/J. af!f!. Blackberry 100 1 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 100 1 Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass 100 2 Poa !abillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 100 + * Plantaf{o lanceolata Ribwort 100 1 Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass 100 1 Lomandra lon1;ifolia ssp. longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 100 1 * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 100 4 Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia 100 1 Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart 100 + Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum 100 3 # Euca!vvtus f!.lobulus ssp. f!.lobulus Southern Blue Gum 100 2 * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass 100 1 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 100 + Diane/la lon1;ffolia Pale Flax-lily 100 1 * Dactvlis f!.!omerata Cocksfoot 100 1 Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis 100 + Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge 100 1 Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria 100 1 * Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper 100 1 * Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 100 + * Af!.rostis capillaris Brown-top Bent 100 1 Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 100 1 Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 25 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 41 (40): (40-41) Mean altitude and range: 45 (45-45) Mean non-native number and range: 33% (11 - 37) Mean non-native cover and range: 35% (32-38 Total number of species in group: 56 Total number ofnon-native species in group: 15 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 16 and 17) This community appears to be restricted to the south-western section of the Koala Conservation Centre. It is unclear whether the overstorey trees are indigenous to the area, or whether they have been planted as fodder trees for the Koalas. There is a~ completely different overstorey in the Oswin Roberts Reserve nearby, seemingly with; very similar environmental parameters. Therefore it is likely that the overstorey has been planted. The dominant species are .Southern Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus, Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata and a dense shrub layer of Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata. There are scattered occurrences of Sweet Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, Tree Everlasting Ozothamnus ferrugineus and Cherry Ballart Exocarpos cupressiformis. Other common species are Mountain Clematis Clematis aristata, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var stipoides, Pale Flax-lily Dianella longifolia, Common Tussock Grass Paa labillardierei var. labillardierei and Small-leaf Bramble Rubus parviflorus. ARI Flora Research Page 47 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park There are a number of weed species including Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cocksfoot *Dactylis glomerata, Panic Veldt Grass *Ehrharta erecta, Bridal Creeper *Asparagus asparagoides and Yorksl).ire Fog *Holcus lanatus. The introduced species Brown-top Bent, *Agrostis capillaris and Blackberry, *Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. are present with lower cover levels but may become more of a problem if the cover of Goodenia ovata is reduced. This community includes the poorly known Slender Bitter-cress k Cardamine tenuifolia. . '. J This community is distinguished from Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland by the absence of Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon, Common Apple-berry Billardiera scandens, Prickly Currant-bush Coprosma quadrijida, Southern Tick-trefoil Desmodium gunnii, Creeping Cudweed Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s, Cinquefoil Cranesbill Geranium potentilloides, Five-awned Spear-grass Pentapogon quadrijidus and Grey Tussock-grass Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Floristic Community map label for Blue Gum Grassy Woodland is GW3. 6.9 HEATHY WOODLAND Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Zieria arborescens Stinkwood 100 3 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 100 + Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed 100 4 Monotoca glauca Currant-wood 100 1 Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree 100 1 Lagentfera stipitata Common Lagenifera 100 2 Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort 100 + Epacris impressa Common Heath 100 2 * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 9 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 28 (27) : (16-39) Mean altitude and range : 8 (8-8) Mean non-native number and range: 20% (1 - 33) Mean non-native cover and range: 20% (3-37) Total number of species in group: 46 Total number of non-native species in group: 11 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 17 and 18) i J This community of Healthy Woodland is rare in the PINP. It occurs in a narrow band on the north side of Rhyll Wetland Reserve. The soils are a sandy loam with low · organic matter levels. The characteristic species are Coast Manna-gum Eucalyptus viminalis ssp pryoriana, often with a dense tall shrubby layer of the rare Currant wood r Monotoca glauca and to a lesser extent Stinkwood Zieria arborescens. Less common is Prickly Tea-tree, Leptospermum continentale. Other species include Shade Raspwort Gonocarpus humilis, Common Heath Epacris impressa, Grass Trigger-plant Stylidium graminifolium and Variable Stinkweed Opercularia varia. Ecological Vegetation Class map label for Heathy Woodland isHW. ARI Flora Research Page 48 June 2000 ------~- Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.10 REED SWAMP Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 5 Phragmites australis Common Reed 100 1 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark Number of Quadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 2 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 10 (10): (8-12) Mean altitude and range: 5 (5-5) Mean non-native number and range: 34% (2 - 42) Mean non-native cover and range: 15% (10-19) Total number of species in group: 18 Total number of non-native species in group: 7 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 18) This EVC has small occurrences in the Rhyll Wetland Reserve, Newhaven Wetland Reserve and Ventnor Koala Reserve. It occupies the margins of wetland areas and occurs in permanent water bodies. It is characterised by the dense growth of Common Reed Phragmites australis, with or without small clumps of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia. Other species that characterise Reed Swamp are Small-river Buttercup, Ranunculus amphitrichus and Common Duckweed Lemna disperma. Species of an opportunistic nature, most of which are introduced, include Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Red-ink Weed *Phytolacca octandra, Blackberry *Rubus fruticosus spp. agg, Curled Dock *Rumex crispus and Black Nightshade *Solanum nigrum s.s. Ecological Vegetation Class map label for Reed Swamp is RS. 6.11 SWAMP SCRUB 6.11.1 Wet Swamp Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Tri£lochin procerum s.l. Water Ribbons 100 2 Senecio 1 Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 9 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 24 (24): (22-26) Mean altitude and range: 5 (5-6) Mean non-native number and range: 49% (11 - 54) Mean non-native cover and range: 33% (26-38) Total number of species in group: 45 Total number of non-native species in group: 23 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 1 ARI Flora Research Page 49 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park (Ref: Photo booklet-page 19) The most extensive areas of this community occur in the Rhyll Wetland Reserve and Newhaven Wetland Reserve, with some small areas in Ventnor Koala Reserve. It commonly borders the wetland areas often sharing a number of species. The soils are peaty with high levels of organic matter. The cover of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia can vary from sparse (minimum 5% cover), to dense (80% cover or more).• Other characteristic species are Water Ribbons Triglochin procerum s.l, Annual· Fireweed Senecio glomeratus and Angled Lobelia Lobelia alata. Swamp Club-sedge J lsolepis inundata can often form dense patches. Common Blown-grass Agrostis avenacea var avenacea is common, particularly on slightly elevated drier areas. In the Ventnor Koala Reserve the ground layer is dominated by Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans. There are many introduced species, the most common of which are Hastate Orache *Atriplex prostrata, Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Annual Beard-grass *Polypogon monspeliensis, Clustered Dock* Rumex conglomeratus and White Clover *Trifolium repens var. repens. This community is distinguished from the other swamp scrubs by the presence of Swamp Club-sedge Jsolepis inundata, Tall Rush Juncus procerus and Common Duckweed Lemna disperma. Floristic Community map label for Wet Swamp Scrub is SS 1. 6.11.2 Dry Swamp Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grass 100 5 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 100 + * Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 100 + * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 100 2 Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 5 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 26 (25) : (20-34) Mean altitude and range : 9 (7-12) Mean non-native number and range: 26% (5 - 30) Mean non-native cover and range: 16% (13-20) Total number of species in group: 55 Total number of non-native species in group: 13 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 20) This community is also common in Rhyll Wetland Reserve, Newhaven Wetland Reserve and Ventnor Koala Reserve. It is found on the drier areas more distant from the wetland compared with Wet Swamp Scrub. The soils vary from a silty clay loam to a loam with moderate to high organic matter levels. The cover of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia is high varying between 70% - 80%. Other common species are Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata, Pale-fruit Ballart Exocarpos strictus, ARI Flora Research Page 50 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Wetland Wallaby-grass Notodanthonia semiannitlaris, Soft Tussock-grass Poa morrisii, Shiny Bog-sedge Schoenus nitens, Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans, Annual Fireweed Senecio glomeratus and Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus. The most common introduced species are Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus and Cat's Ear *Hypochoeris radicata. A variant occurred in Oswin Roberts Reserve where the understorey was dominated by Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale var. majus, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides, Stiped Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia racemosa, Reed Bent grass Deyeuxia quadriseta and a high cover of moss. In Fishers Land the Dry Swamp Scrub contained very old and tall specimens of Sweet Bursaria, Bursaria spinosa and Sticky Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa. Small-leaved Clematis Clematis microphylla was also present. These are all elements of woodland vegetation, which may have been present prior to the clearing of Fishers land. Another variant occurred in Ventnor Koala Reserve where the understorey consisted of Common Tussock-grass Poa labillardierei ssp. labillardierei and Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia. This community is distinguished from the other Swamp scrubs by the presence of Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii, Prickly Moses A. verticillata, Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata, Wetland Wallaby-grass Notodanthonia semiannularis and Soft Tussock-grass Poa morrsii. Floristic Community map label for Dry Swamp Scrub is SS2. 6.11.3 Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub Frea c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 Tetraf;onia implexicoma Bower Spinach 100 2 Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush 100 2 # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla 100 4 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark Number of Quadrats in Group: 4 Number of Character Species in Group: 4 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 29 (26): (18-46) Mean altitude and range: 7 (3-15) Mean non-native number and range: 42% (7 - 52) Mean non-native cover and range: 36% (20-54) Total number of species in group: 69 Total number of non-native species in group: 28 Total regional rare species in group: 3 Total national rare species in group: 3 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 20) This community occurs in Swan Lake Reserve, Newhaven Wetland Reserve and Rhyll Wetland Reserve. The best example was seen in Rhyll Wetland Reserve where the Common Boobialla was regenerating extremely well, with numerous plants from 60 cm to 12 m. in height. The soils vary from sandy loams to loams with high levels of organic matter. It is characterised by the presence of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ARI Flora Research Page 51 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park ericifolia, together with Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare. The other common species are Bower Spip.ach Tetragonia implexicoma, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp candolleana, Jagged Fireweed Senecio biserratus, Angled Lobelia Lobelia anceps and Small-leaved Clematis Clematis microphylla. The common introduced species are Spear Thistle *Cirsium vulgare, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Cat's Ear* Hypochoeris radicata, Black Nightshade *Solanum nigrum s.l and Common Sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus. This community is distinguished from the other Swamp scrubs by the presence of Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana: ssp. candolleana and White Elderberry Sambucus gaudichaudiana. Floristic Community map label for Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub is SS3. 6.11.4 Damp Swamp Scrub Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + * Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue 100 2 TriR;lochin procerum s. l. Water Ribbons 100 3 Senecio minimus Shrubby Fireweed 100 2 Senecio R:lomeratus Annual Fireweed 100 2 Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat 100 1 * PlantaR;o coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 100 + Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flower 100 2 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 100 1 Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia 100 1 * Hvvochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 100 3 * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 100 + Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herb 100 + * Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons 100 1 * Cirsium vulR;are Spear Thistle 100 1 * Atrip/ex prostrata Hastate Orache 100 3 Awostis avenacea var. avenacea Common Blown-grass Number ofQuadrats in Group: 2 Number of Character Species in Group: 16 Mean (median) spp.' no. and range: 30 (30): (30-30) Mean altitude and range: 6 (6-6) Mean non-native number and range: 45% (13 - 47) Mean non-native cover and range: 33% (32-34) Total number of species in group: 44 Total number of non-native species in group: 19 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 21) J Damp Swamp Scrub was widespread with large areas occurring in the Rhyll, Rowell and Newhaven Wetland Reserves and Ventnor Koala Reserve. Smaller areas also occurred at Oswin Roberts Reserve, Conservation Hill Reserve and Fishers Land. This community also occurs between the wetland areas and the Dry Swamp Scrub which grows on slightly elevated drier ground. This community was only sampled in the Rhyll Wetland Reserve where the sites have a clay or peaty soil with high levels of organic matter. The characteristic species are Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia, Annual Fireweed Senecio glomeratus, Shrubby Fireweed Senecio minimus, ARI Flora Research Page 52 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Common Blown-grass Agrostis avenacea var. avenacea, Smooth willow-herb Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum, Angled Lobelia Lobelia alata, Creeping Monkey flower Mimulus repens and Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans. The common introduced species are Hastate Orache *. Atriplex prostata, Spear Thistle *Cirsium vulgare, Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, Yorkshire Fog *Holcus lanatus, Cat's Ear *Hypochoeris radicata, Buck's-horn Plantain *Plantago coronopus and Squirrel-tail Fescue *Vulpia bromoides. This community is distinguished from the other Swamp scrubs by the presence of Tall Sedge Carex appressa, Common Spike-sedge Eleocharis acuta, Creeping Cotula, Leptinella reptans s.s and Creeping Monkey-flower Mimulus repens. Floristic Community map label for Damp Swamp Scrub is SS4. 6.12 COASTAL BANKSIA WOODLAND Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 1 Leucopof!;on parvif!orus Coast Beard-heath 100 3 # Leptospermum laevif{atum Coast Tea-tree 100 2 * AsparaR;us asparaR;oides Bridal Creeper 083 1 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 083 1 Correa alba White Correa Number of Quadrats in Group: 6 Number of Character Species in Group: 5 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 19 (17) : (14-28) Mean altitude and range : 1 (0-3) Mean non-native number and range: 26% (2 - 36) Mean non-native cover and range: 32% (21-44) Total number of species in group: 48 Total number of non-native species in group: 8 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 Coastal Banksia Woodland occurs on deep sands in the relatively flat spit area north of Rhyll Inlet. ·Coastal Banksia Woodland occurs on more level topography and is distinguished from the Coastal Dune Scrub communities which contain Coast Banksia, Banksia integrifolia, and occur on sand dunes. The overstorey consists of Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia in four of the six sites. The other common overstorey species is Coast Tea-tree Leptospermum laevigatum. The common understorey species are Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon parvijlorus, Sweet Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, White Correa Correa alba, Wedge-leaf Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. cuneata, and Kidney-weed Dichondra repens. Ecological Vegetation Class map label for Coastal Banksia Woodland is CBW. ARI Flora Research Page 53 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 6.13 COASTAL SALTMARSH COMPLEX Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 095 3 Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort 073 2 Samo/us repens Creeping Brookweed 070 2 Sclerostezia arbuscula Shrubby Glasswort 052 1 Suaeda australis Austral Seablite 050 2 Hemichroa pentandra Trailing Hemichroa 041 2 Tri5,dochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass Number of Quadrats in Group: 44 Number of Character Species in Group: 6 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 5 (5): (1-9) Mean altitude and range: 0 (0-2) Mean non-native number and range: 3% (0 - 50) Mean non-native cover and range: 2% (0-23) Total number of species in group: 21 Total number ofnon-native species in group: 1 Total regional rare species in group: 2 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 22) There are extensive areas of Coastal Saltmarsh Complex in the Rhyll Inlet and from McLeod Point, Newhaven to Reid Bight, Rhyll, including Churchill Island. The most characteristic taxa are Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinquejlora, Creeping Brookweed Samolus repens, Shrubby Glasswort Sclerostegia arbuscula, Austral Seablite Suaeda australis, Trailing Hemichroa Hemichroa pentandra and Streaked Arrowgrass Triglochin striatum. There is only one introduced species being Coast Barb-grass *Parapholis incurva. The rare species, Yellow Sea-lavender r Limonium australe, and the poorly known, Marsh Saltbush k Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa, occur in this EVC. Ecological Vegetation Class map label for Coastal Saltmarsh Complex is CSC. 6.14 DUNE DEPRESSION (No quadrat sites) (Ref: Photo Booklet-page 29) This community appears to be rare within PINP, being observed in only three locations - adjacent to Green Lake, behind Flynn beach and at Cape Woolamai. The environment is a depression between sand dunes where moisture collects and supports a distinctly different suite of species to the surrounding dunes. The characteristic i species at Cape Woolamai are Blady Grass lmperata cylindrica, Blue Tussock-grass; Poa poiformis, Creeping Brookweed Samo/us repens, Sea Celery Apuim prostratum ssp. prostratum, Bog Sedge Schoenus spp., Angled Lobelia Lobelia anceps, Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans, Willow Herb Epilobium spp., Rush Juncus spp. and Shade Plantain Plantago debilis. ARI Flora Research Page 54 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park The examples occurring at Green Lake and Flynn beach are dominated by Knobby club-sedge Isolepis nodosa, Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis, Rufous Wood-sorrel Oxalis rubens, Angled Lobelia Lobelia anceps, Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae zelandiae and Climbing Lignum Muehlenbeckia adpressa. Map label for Dune Depression is DD 6.15 CLIFF HERBLAND (No quadrat Sites) This community is restricted to the steep, exposed red soil cliff areas along the Ventnor coast and the southern coast. Cliff Herbland is characterised by large patches of bare ground. The common species are Sea Celery Apuim prostratum ssp. prostratum, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum and Ruby Saltbush Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa. It often occurs in close association with Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland, which is dominated by Prickly Spear Grass Austrostipa stipoides. Map label for Cliff Herb land is CH 6.16 WETLAND FORMATION Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 2 * Cotula corono1Jifolia Water Buttons 088 + * Aster subulatus Aster-weed 075 2 Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat Number of Quadrats in Group: 8 Number of Character Species in Group: 3 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 21 (19): (6-39) Mean altitude and range: 5 (5-7) Mean non-native number and range: 36% (I - 46) Mean non-native cover and range: 34% (14-53) Total number of species in group: 81 Total number of non-native species in group: 28 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page24 and 25) This EVC occurs in the Swan Lake Reserve, Rhyll, Rowell and Newhaven WetlandJ Reserves and Ventnor Koala Reserve. It is highly variable in species composition and very prone to weed invasion, hence making it impractical to define at community level. As the areas occupied by this EVC are seasonally inundated, the dominant species vary markedly with moisture level decrease in summer and increase in winter. Bare ground left by the receding water is often colonised by introduced species. The soils vary from loams to clays, often peaty, with generally high organic matter levels. ARI Flora Research Page 55 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park The most common species are Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, Aster-weed *Aster subulatus, Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans, Water Ribbons Triglochin procerum s.l, Streaked Arrowgrass Triglochin striatum, Creeping Monkey-flower Mimulus repens, Common Blown-grass Agrostis avenacea var. avenacea and Hairy Hawkbit * Leontodon taraxacoides. Areas with a somewhat saline influence occur in the Ventnor Koala Reserve and include Sea Rush Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis, Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla, Creeping Brookweed Samolus repens, Black Bristle-sedge Chorizandra enodis, Knobby Club-sedge Jsolepis nodosa, Milky Beauty-heads Calocephalus lacteus and Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora. The artificial wetland created in Fishers Land contains a number of indigenous . wetland species which was pleasing considering the totally disturbed vegetation' surrounding it. These species include Creeping Monkey-flower Mimulus repens, 1 Common Spike-sedge Eleocharis acuta, Streaked Arrowgrass Triglochin striatum and Salt Couch Sporobolus virginicus. Also present is Water Buttons *Cotula coronopifolia, which is common throughout the wetland areas of the nature park. Ecological Vegetation Class map label for Wetland Formation isWF. 6.17 SALTMARSH FRINGE GRASSLAND (1 quadrat site, Ref: Photo booklet-page 23) This unit occurs on Churchill Island, Rhyll Inlet, Fishers Land and along the coast of Rennison Bight. It usually occurs at the margins of Coastal Saltmarsh Complex on slightly raised ground. It characteristically has a dense cover of Prickly Spear-grass Austrostipa stipoides, which limits the growth of other species. Other common species include Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinqueflora, Austral Seablite Suaeda australis and Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans. The rare species, Yellow Sea-lavender r Limonium australe, occurs in this map unit Map label for Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland is SFG. 6.18 ATRIPLEX CINEREA SHRUBLAND (No quadrat sites) This mapping unit occurs in small patches on the north coast of Summerland Peninsula, along the south coast and on Churchill Island. It is represented by one species, Coast Saltbush Atriplex cinerea. Brackish species often associated with Atriplex cinerea shrubland are Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum, Coast Bonefruit Threlkeldia diffusa and Seaberry Saltbush Rhagodia ARI Flora Research Page 56 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park candolleana ssp. candolleana. The status of this mapping unit as a community is doubtful. Map label for Atripkx cinerea shrubland is Atriplex cinerea shrubland. 6.19 SEDGY WOODLAND (No quadrat sites) J This unit occurred along the eastern boundary of the Oswin Roberts Reserve. The soils were generally peaty loams with medium organic content. The canopy consisted of Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii and Coast Manna Gum Eucalyptus pryoriana. The understorey comprised of a dense layer of sedges including Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula, Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale var. majus, and Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia var. longifolia. Other species present in the ground layer were Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides and Speedwell Veronica sp. The shrubby species Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata, Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata and Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale were scattered amongst· the understorey. The creepers Mountain Clematis Clematis aristata and Wonga vine Pandorea pandorana were also present. The diversity of Sedgy Woodland appears to be lower than the Grassy Woodland communities - quadrats would need to be done to confirm this. Map label for Sedgy Woodland is SW. ARI Flora Research Page 57 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 7 COMPLEXES AND MOSAICS In some locations within the landscape, species lists could not separate a patch of vegetation into an individual Floristic Community. These patches were labelled and classified as complexes. Complexes occur when the character species of two or more floristic communities intermix, such that no separation can be mapped at any scale. Indicator species of both communities are present and the remaining species are ubiquitous. Therefore separation into individual floristic communities is impossible. To force these complexes into one community or the other would make the mapping less reliable and r confusing. Mosaics occur when two or more floristic communities coexist within the same polygon. Mosaics can also be represented by vegetation patches rated as disturbed being present in the same polygon with a recognised Floristic Community. Each community or patch of disturbed vegetation can be distinguished from the other on the ground. Individual patches of each community or patch of disturbed vegetation are too small to isolate as individual polygons at the scale of mapping, so the larger polygon is labelled as a mosaic. The mosaics and complexes described below are the main ones occurring within PINP. Other ones observed from the maps can be referred to by reading the relevant descriptions of the individual communities or EVCs that make up the mosaic or complex. 7.1 COASTAL HEADLAND SCRUB/COASTAL TUSSOCK GRASSLAND MOSAIC 7.1.1 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 1 Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 080 1 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 100 1 * Hvvochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 080 1 Jsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 1 * Lazurus ovatus Hare's Tail 080 1 Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush 100 1 Leucopo,;on parviflorus Coast Beard-heath 080 2 Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 080 1 Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seabeny Saltbush 100 + * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 1 Tetra,;onia implexicoma Bower Spinach Number of Quadrats in Group: 5 Number of Character Species in Group: 11 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 32 (31): (27-37) Mean altitude and range : 25 (3-40) Mean non-native number and range: 37% (8 - 49) Mean non-native cover and range: 33% (22-42) Total number of species in group: 91 Total number of non-native species in group: 31 Total regional rare species in group: 4 Total national rare species in group: 2 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 28) ARI Flora Research Page 58 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park This mosaic has a widespread distribution in PINP, occurring on Cape Woolamai and along the Ventnor Coast. The soils are of a sandy texture with low organic matter. It is debatable whether the name should be Coastal Dune Scrub. The species suggest this, however, a number of sites have the landform which suggests a Headland Scrub. The characteristic species are Coast Beard-Heath Leucapagan parviflarus, Blue Tussock-grass Paa paifarmis, Bidgee-widgee Acaena navae-zelandiae, Bower Spinach Tetragania implexicama, Seaberry Saltbush Rhagadia candalleana ssp. candalleana, Cushion Bush Leucaphyta brawnii, Knobby Club-sedge Jsalepis nadasa and Kidney-weed Dichandra repens. The common weed species are Cat's ear *Hypachaeris radicata, Hare's tail * Lagurus avatus, Common Sow-thistle *Sanchus aleraceus and Great Brome *Bramus diandrus. Two VROT species occur in this community, the vulnerable Crimson Berry Cyathades juniperina and the rare Trailing!' Coast Poa Paa paifarmis var. ramifer. Map label for Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland is CHS8/CTG 1 Mosaic 7.1.2 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Shrubland/Coasta/ Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic (1 quadrat site) There is only one sampling site for this community and therefore it is poorly defined. The sample was taken in the Pyramid Rock area where the soil is a red-brown clay loam, with buck shot gravel in the nearby walking track. The characteristic species are Coast Beard-heath Leucapagan parviflarus, Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifalia, Blue Tussock-grass Paa paifarmis, Cranberry Heath Astrolama humifusum, Common Wheat -grass Elymus scaber, Showy Podolepis, Padolepis jaceaides s.s., Common Everlasting Chrysacephalum apiculatum s.s., Grass Trigger-plant Stylidium graminifalium, Kidney-weed Dichondra repens and Common Grass-sedge Carex breviculmis. Map label for Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland mosaic is CHS 1/CTG 1 Mosaic 7.1.3 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/C/if.fCoastal Tussock Grassland Complex Freq c/a 0 'Binomial Common ,, 100 3 Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grass ' 100 2 Disphyma crasstfolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower l 100 2 Distichlis distichovhvlla Australian Salt-grass 100 1 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 100 2 Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1. * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 3 Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach ARI Flora Research Page 59 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Number of Quadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 7 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 24 (24): (21-26) Mean altitude and range: 27 (10-60) Mean non-native number and range: 31 % (4 - 38) Mean non-native cover and range: 25% (20-33) Total number of species in group: 49 Total number of non-native species in group: 16 Total regional rare species in group: 1 Total national rare species in group: 1 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 27) This complex is confined to Cape Woolamai on the steep exposed headlands of the south and west coastal areas. It appears highly variable in its structure and species composition. The soils vary from a sandy loam to a clay loam. The shrub layer is variable and often virtually non-existent. The common shrub species are Coast Daisy-bush Olearia axillaris, Common Boobialla Myoporum insulare and Coast Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus. The grasses are dominated by Prickly Spear-~ grass Austrostipa stipoides and to a lesser extent by Blue Tussock-grass Paa; poiformis and Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla. Other species include Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp clavellatum, Bower Spinach Tetragonia implexicoma, Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae-zelandiae, Sea Celery Apium prostratum ssp prostratum, Short-stalk flax-lily Dianella brevicaulis, Cushion Bush Leucophyta brownii and Variable Plantain Plantago varia. This complex also contains the following introduced species Common sow-thistle *Sonchus oleraceus, Great Brome *Bromus diandrus, Hare's Tail *Lagarus ovatus and Sweet Melilot *Melilotus indicus. Map label for Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Clif.f'Coastal Tussock Grassland is BCSH/CTG2 Complex. 7.1.4 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coasta/ Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic Freq c/a 0 Binomial Common 100 + Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 100 1 Actites me;;alocarpa Dune Thistle 100 1 * Bromus hordeaceus ssv. hordeaceus Soft Brome 100 1 Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beauty-heads 100 3 Disvhvma crassifolium ssv. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower 100 1 Jsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 100 2 Leucovhvta brownii Cushion Bush 100 3 Poa pofformis Blue Tussock-grass 100 1 * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 100 2 Tetra;;onia implexicoma Bower Spinach Number ofQuadrats in Group: 3 Number of Character Species in Group: 10 Mean (median) spp. no. and range: 25 (25) : (19-32) Mean altitude and range : 18 (8-30) Mean non-native number and range: 35% (6 - 40) Mean non-native cover and range: 26% (21-29) Total number of species in group: 46 Total number of non-native species in group: 18 Total regional rare species in group: 0 Total national rare species in group: 0 (Ref: Photo booklet-page 26) This mosaic is widespread, mostly along the south coast on headlands that are exposed to strong winds. The soils are clay loams with moderate levels of organic ARl Flora Research Page 60 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park matter. This map unit is called a mosaic due to small patches of Bird Colony Succulent Herbland interspersing with Coastal Tussock Grassland. These two communities can be distinguished floristically in time and space, however they can not be mapped as separate EVC units due to the resolution of the mapping scale. For a description of each EVC that forms this mosaic, refer to the relevant community descriptions. Map label for Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland is BCSH/CTG 1. 7.1.5 Dry Swamp Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex (No quadrat sites) This complex occurs on the Summerland Peninsula where the vegetation has been disturbed for buildings, and the Swamp scrub is now regenerating. This complex basically consists of a shrub layer of Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifalia, Prickly Moses Acacia verticillata and Coast Beard-heath Leucapagan parviflarus over a mostly grassy ground layer of Blue Tussock-grass Paa paifarmis, Coast Spear-grass Austrastipaflavescens, and Reed Bent-grass Deyeuxia quadriseta. Other common species are Variable Sword-sedge Lepidasperma laterale var. laterale, Cranberry Heath Astraloma humifusum and Coast Daisy Brachyscame parvula. There are several introduced species which appear to be spreading, including Sweet Pittasparum undulatum, Myrtle-leaf Milkwort *Palygala myrtifalia and Gorse *Ulex eurapaeus. Map label for Dry Swamp Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland is SS2/CTG 1. 7.1.6 Reed Swamp/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex (No quadrat sites) This complex occurs in a few small areas near the Penguin parade complex. Its presence is most likely due to some form of disturbance. The most common species are Common Reed Phragmites australis growing in amongst Blue Tussock grass Paa paifarmis, Bidgee-widgee Acaena navae-zelandiae and Common Woodruff Asperula canferta. The ubiquitous introduced species include Sweet Vernal-grass, *Anthaxanthum adaratum, Pimpernel *Anagalis arvensis, Yorkshire Fog *Halcus lanatus and Cat's Ear * Hypachaeris radicata. Map label for Reed Swamp/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland is RS/CTGl. ARI Flora Research Page 61 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 7.1.7 Damp Swamp Scrub/Coastal Salt marsh Complex (No quadrat sites) This complex occurs in Fishers Land, Rhyll Wetland Reserve and Ventnor Koala Reserve. The overstorey consists of Melaleuca ericifolia under which a ground layer of brackish species occurs. The most characteristic taxa are Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinquejlora, Shiny Swamp-mat Selleria radicans, Creeping Brookweed, Rounded Noon-flower Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum, Australian Salt-grass Distichlis distichophylla and Creeping Brookweed Samo/us re pens. Occasionally Sea Rush Juncus krausii ssp. australiensis occurs. This complex contained virtually no weeds, most likely due to the salinity of the substrate preventing the invasion of grassy weed species. Map label for Damp Swamp Scrub/Coastal Salt marsh Complex is SS4/CSC. 7.1.8 Clay Moonah Woodland/Salt marsh Fringe Grassland Complex (No quadrat sites) This complex is restricted to narrow coastal strips growing around Rennison Bight, to the east and west of Churchill Rd. It is quite likely that it also occurs around Swan Bay and Denne Bight. The complex consists of Moonah, Melaleuca lanceolata growing over Prickly Spear grass, Austrostipa stipoides Other species present in the understorey may include Beaded Glasswort Sarcocornia quinquejlora, Austral Seablite Suaeda australis and Shiny Swamp-mat Selliera radicans. The Moonah overstorey is quite old and in some cases senescent. There was no evidence of regeneration so some sections of this complex will revert to Salt marsh Fringe Grassland. Map label for Clay Moonah Woodland/Salt marsh Fringe Grassland Complex is MW2/SFG. 7.1.9 Black Wattle Grassy Woodland/Dry Swamp Scrub Complex (No quadrat sites) This complex was observed in the Oswin Roberts Reserve and Rhyll Wetland Reserve. It had an overstorey of Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii which was very old and tall. The middle storey consists of a dense layer of Swamp Paper-bark Melaleuca ericifolia with a grassy ground layer consisting of Common Tussock-grass Paa labillardierei var. labillardierei, Stiped Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa, Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides and the introduced Sweet Vernal-grass *Anthoxanthum odoratum. Small-leaved Clematis Clematis i' microphylla and Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula are also present in the understorey. · The ground is covered by a thick layer of moss. J Map label for Black Wattle Grassy Woodland/Dry Swamp Scrub Complex is GW1/SS2. ARI Flora Research Page 62 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 8 REFERENCES Kirkpatrick, J.B (Ed) 1991, Tasmanian Native Bush: A management Handbook. Tasmanian Environment Centre, Hobart. Moorrees, A and Molnar, C. 1992, Sites of botanical significance in the LCC Melbourne district 2 study area. Flora Branch, Flora and Fauna Division, Department of Conservation .and Environment, Victoria. Opie, A.M., Gullan, P.K., Van Berk.el, S.C. and Van Rees, H. 1984: Sites of botanical significance in the Westernport region. Department of Conservation, Forests and Lands environmental studies program. The National Herbarium, Victoria Stuwe, J & Parsons, R.F, 1977: In Kirkpatrick, J.B (Ed), 1991. Tasmanian Native Bush: A management Handbook. Tasmanian Environment Centre, Hobart. Walsh, N.G and Entwisle T.J (Ed) 1994: Flora of Victoria, Volume 2, Ferns and Allied Plants, Conifers and Monocotyledons, Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. Walsh, N.G and Entwisle T.J (Ed) 1996: Flora of Victoria, Volume 3, Dicotyledons, Cornaceae to Asteraceae, Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne. Walsh, N.G and Entwisle T.J (Ed) 1999: Flora of Victoria, Volume 4, Dicotyledons, Winteraceae to Myrtaceae, Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne .. ARI Flora Research Page 63 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9 APPENDICES 9.1.1 Appendix 1 Woody shrubs or sub-shrubs that are introduced species. *Coprosma repens (Mirror Bush) *Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn) *Cupressus macrocarpa (Monterey Cypress) *Lycium ferocissimum (African Box-thorn) *Pinus radiata (Radiata Pine) *Pittosporum undulatum (Sweet Pittosporum) *Rosa rubiginosa (Sweet Briar) *Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. (Blackberry) *Solanum linnaeanum (Apple of Sodom) *Ulex europaeus (Gorse) 9.1.2 Appendix 2 List of quadrats in communities and EVCs. Coastal Dune Scrub Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub (CDSl) E00137 B09089 B09090 E00143 Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS2) E00186 . E00187 B08123 Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS3) E00184 E00185 Inland Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS 4) E00129 E00130 Thyme Rice-flower Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS 5) E00149 Hind Dune Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS 6) E00132 ARI Flora Research Page 64 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS 7) E00145 E00150 E00181 Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub (CDS 8) E00142 E00144 Coastal Headland Scrub Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 1) E00195 E00196 B09097 Clay Pan Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 2) E00126 Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 3) E00121 B09092 Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 4) E00123 E00127 White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 5) E00202 Drainage Line Coastal Headland Scrub (CHS 6) E00201 Coastal Tussock Grassland Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland (CTG 1) E00152 E00155 E00178 E00179 Sand Hill Sedgeland (SHS) E00118 E00134 B09093 ARI Flora Research Page 65 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland (SFG) . E00182 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland (BCSH) E06396 E00138 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic (BCSH/CTG 1 Mosaic) E00141 E00153 E00154 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Clif.fCoastal Tussock Grassland Complex (BCSH/CTG 2 Complex) E00124 E00125 B09091 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic (CHS 8/CTG 1 Mosaic) E00116 E00117 E00133 B08124 B09095 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic (CHS 1/CTG 1 Mosaic) EOOI 18 E00134 B09093 Strandline E00136 Moonah Woodland Peaty Moonah Woodland E00183 Clay Moonah Woodland E00156 ARI Flora Research Page 66 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park · Sandy Moonah Woodland B09094 Grassy Woodland Black Wattle Grassy Woodland E00164 E00189 E00193 E00203 B09100 Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland E00190 E00191 E00192 E00194 B08117 B08119 Blue Gum Grassy Woodland E00204 E00205 Heathy Woodland E00172 E00173 Reed Swamp E00159 E00167 Swamp Scrub Wet Swamp Scrub E00160 E00162 E00163 Dry Swamp Scrub E00171 E00174 E00200 ARI Flora Research Page 67 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub E00128 E00147 E00188 Damp Swamp Scrub E00165 E00169 Wetland Formation E00158 E00161 E00168 E00151 E00175 E00180 E00166 E00170 Coastal Banksia Woodland B04235 B04236 B04237 B04238 B04239 B08118 Coastal Saltmarsh Complex B021l1, B02115, B02122, B021l7, B02146, B02125, B02357, E00157, B02118 B02128,B02134,B02133,E00182,B02114,B02142,B02131,B02140,B02355 B02356, B02351, B02352, B02353, B02132, B02141, B02136, B02137, B02145 B02143, B02112, B02121, B02130, B02116, B02348, B02139, B02354, B02113 B02349, B02358, B02350, B02120, B02123, B02129, B02135, B02144, B02138 Disturbed E00119,E00120,E00122,E00131,E00176,E00198,E00199,E00177,E00146 Disturbed (Marram) E00135,E00139,E00140 ARI Flora Research Page 68 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9.1.3 Appendix 3 Definitions of sites of significance ratings State significance is assigned to sites when their values have been compared in a state context. Regional significance is assigned to sites when their values have been compared in a regional context. A regional context for this report includes Westernport Bay coastal and near coastal areas, Port Phillip Bay and the Bellarine Peninsula. Local significance is assigned to sites when their values have been compared in a local context. This local context is the area of the Phillip Island Nature Park. 9.1.4 Appendix 4 Quadrats with VROT taxa present Quadrat Community Location No /EVC B02117 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp .paludosa saltmarsh complex B02118 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa saltmarsh complex B02120 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa saltmarsh complex B02122 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa saltmarsh complex B02125 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa saltmarsh complex B02132 r Yellow Sea-lavender Coastal Rhyll Inlet Limonium australe saltmarsh complex B02135 k Marsh Saltbush Coastal Rhyll Inlet Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa saltmarsh complex B02141 r Yellow Sea-lavender Coastal Rhyll Inlet Limonium australe saltmarsh complex B02355 r Yellow Sea-lavender Coastal Rhyll Inlet Limonium australe saltmarsh complex B02356 r Yellow Sea-lavender Coastal Rhyll Inlet Limonium australe saltmarsh complex B08124 v Crimson Berry CHS8/CTG1 Cape Cyathodes iuniverina Woolamai B09093 k Slender Bitter-cress CHSl/CTGl Cape Cardamine tenuifolia Woolamai EOOl 17 r Trailing Coast Poa CHS8/CTG1 Cape Poa poiformis var. ramifer Woolamai E00123 r Pale-flower Cranesbill CDS2 Cape Geranium sp. 3 Woolamai E00126 r Trailing Coast Poa CHS2 Cape ARI Flora Research Page 69 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Paa poiformis var. ramifer Woolamai E00152 k Tall Wallaby-grass CTGl Summerland Austrodanthonia sp.(syn. Danthonia Peninsula procera) E00157 r Yellow Sea-lavender Coastal Churchill Limonium australe saltmarsh Island complex E00172 r Currant-wood Heathy Rhyll Wetland Monotoca Rlauca Woodland Reserve E00173 r CuITant-wood Heathy Rhyll Wetland Monotoca sdauca Woodland Reserve E00178 k Stiped Wallaby-grass CTGl Summer land Austrodanthonia bipartita s.s Peninsula E00182 r Yellow Sea-lavender Saltmarsh Churchill Limonium australe Fringe Island Grassland E00186 r Peninsula Daisy-bush CDSl Cape Olearia sp. aff lanuRinosa Woolamai E00192 r Southern Blue Gum GW2 Oswin Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Roberts Reserve E00201 r Pale-flower Cranesbill CHS5 Near Geranium sp. 3 Sunderland Bluff E00204 r Southern Blue Gum GW3 Koala Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Conservation Centre E00205 r Southern Blue Gum GW3 Koala Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Conservation Centre E00205 k Slender Bitter-cress GW3 Koala Cardamine tenuifolia Conservation Centre ARI Flora Research Page 70 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9.1.5 Appendix 5 Full list of Floristic Communities/EVCs/Complexes and. Mosaics EVC Short Code Floristic Community /EVC/ Complex I Mosaic /Mapping unit Atriplex cinerea Atriplex cinerea Shrubland Shrubland Bird Colony Succulent Herbland BCSH Bird Colony Succulent Herbland BCSH/CDS Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/ Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CDS 1 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland!Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CDS 2 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CDS 7 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CDS 8 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CDS 8/SHS Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coast Tea-tree Coastal Mosaic Dune Scrub/Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic BCSH/CHS Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CHS 1 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CHS 5 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CTG 1 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic BCSH/CTG 1/CHS 8 Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Coastal Plain Coastal Mosaic Tussock Grassland/Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic BCSH/CTG 2 Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic BCSH/DTL Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Disturbed Tree Less Mosaic BCSH/SHS Mosaic Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic BCSH/SHS /CDS Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Sand Hill ?Mosaic Sedgeland/Common Boobialla Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic BCSH/SHS /CHS Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Sand Hill 8Mosaic Sedgeland!Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic BCSH/SHS Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Sand Hill /D(Marram)Mosaic Sedgeland/Disturbed(Marram) Mosaic Bracken Bracken Bracken Bracken/BCSH/SHS Bracken/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Sand Hill Mosaic Sedgeland Mosaic ARI Flora Research Page 71 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Bracken/CHS 4 Mosaic Bracken/Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic Bracken/SHS Mosaic Bracken/Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic Cassinia regrowth Cassinia regrowth Coastal Banksia Woodland CBW Coastal Banksia Woodland Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 1 Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub CDS2 Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 3 Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub CDS4 Inland Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 5 Thyme Rice-flower Coastal Dune Scrub CDS6 Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 7 Common Boobial/a Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 8 Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub CDS 9 Seaberry Saltbush Coastal Dune Scrub CDS Coastal Dune Scrub CDS/BCSH Mosaic Coastal Dune Scrub/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CDS 1/BCSH Complex Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Complex CDS 1/BCSH Mosaic Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CDS 1/CDS 2 mosaic Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub/Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CDS 1/SHS/BCSH Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub/Sand Hill Sedgeland/Bird Mosaic Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CDS 2/BCSH Mosaic Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CDS 2 /CDS 1 Mosaic Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub!Foredune Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CDS 3/CDS 2 Complex Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub/Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub Complex CDS 3/CDS 2 Mosaic Exposed Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub/Protected Cape Woolamai Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CDS 4/CTG 1 Mosaic Inland Coastal Dune Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic Coastal Headland Scrub CHS 1 Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub CHS2 Clay Pan Coastal Headland Scrub CHS 3 Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub CHS4 Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub CHS 5 White Correa dom. Coastal Headland Scrub CHS6 Drainage line Coastal Headland Scrub CHS 7 Common Boobialla Coastal Headland Scrub CHS 8 Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub CHS Coastal Headland Scrub ARI Flora Research Page 72 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park CHS/BCSH Mosaic Coastal Headland Scrub/BCSH Mosaic CHS/CTG 1 Mosaic Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic CHS/CTG 2 Mosaic Coastal Headland Scrub/Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic CHS 1/CTG 1 Mosaic Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic CHS 3/GW 1 Mosaic Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Coastal Headland Scrub/Black Wattle Grassy Woodland Mosaic CHS 4/Bracken Mosaic Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub/Bracken Mosaic CHS 8/BCSH Mosaic Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CHS 8/CDS Mosaic Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CHS 8/CTG 1 Mosaic Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic CHS 8/CTG 1/BCSH Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Mosaic Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CHS/SFG Mosaic Coastal Headland ScrubA3altmarsh Fringe Grassland Mosaic CH Cliff Herbland CH/CTG 1 Mosaic Cliff Herbland/Coasta/ Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic CH/CTG 2 Mosaic Cliff Herbland/Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic Coastal Saltmarsh Complex csc Coastal Saltmarsh Complex CSC/SFG Mosaic Coastal Saltmarsh Complex/Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland Mosaic Coastal Tussock Grassland CTG 1 Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland CTG2 Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland CTG/CDS Mosaic Coastal Tussock Grassland /Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/BCSH Complex Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent herbland Complex CTG 1/BCSH/DTL Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Mosaic Succulent Herbland/Disturbed Tree Less Mosaic CTG 1/BSCH Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CTG 1/CDS 6 Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Hind dune Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/CDS 8 Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Coast Tea- tree Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/CHS Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/CHS 1 Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Swamp Paperbark Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic ARI Flora Research Page 73 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park CTG 1/CHS 4/PT/SHS Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Coast Beard- Mosaic heath Coastal Headland Scrub/Planted Trees/Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic CTG 1/CHS 5 Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/White Correa Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/CHS 8 Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic CTG 1/PT Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Planted Trees Mosaic CTG 1/RS Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Reed Swamp Mosaic CTG 1/SHS Mosaic Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic CTG 2/BCSH Mosaic Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic CTG 2/BCSH/CHS Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent Mosaic Herbland/Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic CTG 2/CH Mosaic Cliff Coastal Tussock Grassland/Cliff Herbland Mosaic Disturbed D Disturbed D(Boxthorn) Disturbed(Boxthorn) D(Kikuyu) Disturbed(Kikuyu) D(Marram) Disturbed(Marram) DT Disturbed Trees DT/DTL Mosaic Disturbed Trees/Disturbed Tree Less Mosaic DTL Disturbed Tree Less DTL/BCSH Mosaic Disturbed Tree Less/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic DTL/BCSH/CHS 8 Disturbed Tree Less/Bird Colony Succulen,t Herbland Mosaic /Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic DTL/BCSH/SHS Mosaic Disturbed Tree Less/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland I Sand Hill Sedgeland Mosaic DTL/SHS/BCSH/CTG 1 Disturbed Tree Less/Sand Hill Sedgeland/Bird Colony Mosaic Succulent Herbland /Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic DTL/SHS/CTG 1 Mosaic Disturbed Tree Less/Sand Hill Sedgeland/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic DD Dune Depression Grassy Woodland GW1 Black Wattle Grassy Woodland GW2 Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland GW3 Blue Gum Grassy Woodland GW 1/CTG 1 Mosaic Black Wattle Grassy Woodland /Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Mosaic GW 1/SS 2 Complex Black Wattle dom. Grassy Woodland /Dry Swamp Scrub Complex GW 1/SS 3 Mosaic Black Wattle Grassy Woodland /Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub Mosaic ARI Flora Research Page 74 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park GW 2/GW 1 Mosaic Coast Manna Gum Grassy Woodland/Black Wattle Grassy Woodland Mosaic Heathy Woodland HW Heathy Woodland. Mangrove Shrubland MS Mangrove Shrubland MS/CSC Mosaic Mangrove Shrubland/Coastal Saltmarsh Complex Mosaic Moonah Woodland MW1 Peaty Moonah Woodland MW2. Clay Moonah Woodland MW3 Sandy Moonah Woodland MW 2/SFG Complex Clay Moonah Woodland /Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland Complex MW 3/BCSH Complex Sandy Moonah Woodland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Complex Planted Trees PT Planted Trees PT/CTG 1 Mosaic Planted Trees/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland PT/DTL Mosaic Planted Trees/Disturbed Tree Less Mosaic PT/SS 2 Mosaic Planted Trees/Ory Swamp Scrub Reed swamp RS Reed swamp RS/CTG 1 Complex Reedswamp/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex RS/SS 1 Mosaic Reedswamp/Wet Swamp Scrub Mosaic RS/WF Mosaic Reedswamp/Wetland Formation Mosaic Rhagodia Rhagodia SFG Saltmarsh Fringe Grassland s Strand line Sand Hill Sedgeland SHS Sand Hill Sedgeland SHS/BCSH Mosaic Sand Hill Sedgeland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland Mosaic SHS/BCSH/DTL Mosaic Sand Hill Sedgeland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland /Disturbed Tree Less Mosaic SHS/CHS 4 Mosaic Sand Hill Sedgeland/Coast Beard-heath Coastal Headland Scrub Mosaic SHS/CHS 4/CTG Sand Hill Sedgeland/Coast Beard-heath Coastal 1/BCSH/DTL Mosaic Headland Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bird Colony Succulent Herbland/Disturbed Tree Lees Mosaic SHS/CHS 8 Mosaic Sand Hill Sedgeland!Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub ARI Flora Research Page 75 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park SHS/CHS 8/CTG Sand Hill Sedgeland/Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland 1/D(Marram) Mosaic Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Disturbed(Marram) Mosaic SHS/CHS 8/D(Marram) Sand Hill Sedgeland/Aeolian Sand Coastal Headland Scrub/Disturbed(Marram) Mosaic SHS/CTG 1/Bracken Sand Hill Sedgeland/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland/Bracken Mosaic Swamp Scrub SS Swamp Scrub SS/CSC Complex Swamp Scrub/Coastal Saltmarsh Complex Complex SS 1 Wet Swamp Scrub SS 2 Dry Swamp Scrub SS 3 Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub Damp Swamp Scrub SS 2/CTG 1 complex Dry Swamp Scrub/Coastal Plain Coastal Tussock Grassland Complex SS 2/RS Mosaic Dry Swamp Scrub/Reedswamp Mosaic SS 2/RS/SHS Complex Dry Swamp Scrub/Reedswamp/Sand Hill Sedgeland Complex SS 2/SS 4 Mosaic Dry Swamp Scrub/Damp Swamp Scrub SS 3/CDS 8 Mosaic Common Boobialla Swamp Scrub/Coast Tea-tree Coastal Dune Scrub Mosaic SS 3/GW 1 Mosaic Common Boobial/a Swamp Scrub/Black Wattle Grassy Woodland Mosaic SS 4/SS 2 Mosaic Damp Swamp Scrub/Ory Swamp Scrub Mosaic SS4/CSC Complex Damp Swamp Scrub /Coastal Saltmarsh Complex SW Sedgy Woodland Wetland Formation WF Wetland Formation WF artificial Wetland Formation artificial WF/GW1 Mosaic Wetland Formation/Black Wattle Grassy Woodland I ARI Flora Research Page 76 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9.1.6 Appendix 6 Species frequency oftaxafrom quadrat sites in alphabetical order. ORIGIN NAME COMMON NAME NUMQUAD QPERCENT # Acacia longifolia var. longifolia Sallow Wattle 16 7 # Acacia longifolia var. sophorae Coast Wattle 6 2.6 Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle 10 4.4 Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 3 1.3 Acacia stricta Hop Wattle 2 .8 Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses 11 4.8 Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 41 18 Acaena ovina Australian Sheep's Burr 1 .4 Acaena spp. Sheep's Burr 1 .4 • Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel 1 .4 Acrotriche serrulata Honey-pots 2 .8 Actites megalocarpa Dune Thistle 10 4.4 Agrostis aemula Purplish Blown-grass 2 .8 Agrostis avenacea Common Blown-grass 3 1.3 Agrostis avenacea var. avenacea Common Blown-grass 19 8.3 Agrostis billardierei Coast Blown-grass 9 3.9 ~ Agrostis billardierei var. billardierei Coast Blown-grass 5 2.2 • Agrostis capillaris Brown-top Bent 7 3 Agrostis spp. Bent 1 .4 . Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent 1 .4 Agrostis venusta Misty Bent 2 .8 . Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass 5 2.2 • Aira cupaniana Quicksilver Grass 3 1.3 • Aira elegans Delicate Hair-grass 9 3.9 • Aira praecox Early Hair-grass 1 .4 . Aira spp . Hair Grass 2 .8 Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping She-oak 4 1.7 Alyxia buxifolia Sea Box 1 .4 Amaranthus spp. 1 .4 . Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass 20 8.8 Amphibromus archeri Pointed Swamp Wallaby-grass 1 .4 Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe 3 1.3 Amyema spp. Mistletoe 1 .4 * Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel 16 7 • Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 24 10.5 Aotus ericoides Common Aotus 1 .4 Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea Celery 15 6.6 Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum var. Sea Celery 1 .4 filiforme • Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed 5 2.2 • Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper 21 9.2 • Asparagus scandens Asparagus Fern 3 1.3 Asperula conferta Common Woodruff 4 1.7 Asperula scoparia Prickly Woodruff 4 1.7 Asperula spp. Woodruff 1 .4 Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern 1 .4 . Aster subulatus Aster-weed 11 4.8 Asteraceae spp. 3 1.3 Astroloma humifusum Cranberry Heath 4 1.7 Atriplex billardierei Glistening Saltbush 2 .8 Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa Marsh Saltbush 6 2.6 J ARI Flora Research Page 77 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park • Atriplex prostrata Hastate Orache 12 5.2 Austrodanthonia bipartita s.s. Leafy Wallaby-grass . 1 .4 Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass 9 3.9 Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-grass 2 .8 Austrodanthonia penicillata Slender Wallaby-grass 6 2.6 Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass 3 1.3 Austrodanthonia pilosa var. pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass 8 3.5 Austrodanthonla racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grass 15 6.6 Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass 5 2.2 Austrodanthonia setace·a var. setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass 1 .4 Austrodanthonia sp. (syn. Danthonia procera) Tall Wallaby-grass 1 .4 Austrodanthonia spp. Wallaby Grass 7 3 Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grass 16 7 Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grass 2 .8 Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Veined Spear-grass 1 .4 Austrostipa spp. Spear Grass 2 .8 Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grass 14 6.1 • Avena barbata Bearded Oat 1 .4 . Avena spp. Oat 1 .4 Banksia integrifolia var. integrifolia Coast Banksia 13 5.7 Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry 2 .8 Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea 5 2.2 Brachyscome aculeata Branching Daisy 1 .4 I' Brachyscome parvula Coast Daisy 3 1.3 Brachyscome parvula var. parvula Coast Daisy 1 .4 • Brassica fruticulosa Twiggy Turnip 2 .8 • Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass 3 1.3 • Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass 9 3.9 • Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass 8 3.5 • Bromus diandrus Great Brome 30 13.2 • Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome 11 4.8 • Bromus japonicus Japanese Brome 1 .4 • Bromus madritensis Madrid Brome 1 .4 Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria 25 11 • Cakile maritima ssp. maritima Sea Rocket 2 .8 Caladenia latifolia Pink Fairies 1 .4 Caladenia spp. Caladenia 1 .4 Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beauty-heads 12 5.2 Cardamine gunnii s.I. Common Bitter-cress 3 1.3 Cardamine spp. Bitter Cress 1 .4 Cardamine tenuifolia Slender Bitter-cress 3 1.3 • Carduus tenuiflorus Slender Thistle 5 2.2 Carex appressa Tall Sedge 1 .4 Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge 12 5.2 Carex inversa Knob Sedge 1 .4 Carex spp. Sedge 3 1.3 . Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigface 1 .4 Carpobrotus rossii Karkalla 4 1.7 Caryophyllaceae spp. 2 .8 Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia 4 1.7 Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel 6 2.6 Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel 7 3 • Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass 3 1.3 . Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury 11 4.8 • Centaurium spp . Centaury 8 3.5 • Centaurium tenuiflorum Branched Centaury 16 7 Cantella cordifolia Gentelia 1 .4 ARI Flora Research Page 78 June 2000; Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Cerastium glomeratum s.I. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed 13 5.7 * Cerastium glomeratum s.s. Sticky Mouse-ear Chickweed 2 .8 * Cerastium semidecandrum s.s. Little Mouse-ear Chickweed 1 .4 * Chenopodium album Fat Hen 2 .8 Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous Goosefoot 5 2.2 * Chenopodium murale Sowbane 3 1.3 Chenopodium spp. Goosefoot 1 .4 Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.s. Common Everlasting 2 .8 * Cicendia quadrangularis Square Cicendia 1 .4 * Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle 20 8.8 Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis 13 5.7 Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis 53 23.3 Comesperma volubile Love Creeper 8 3.5 * Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane 9 3.9 * Conyza scabiosifolia Rough Conyza 3 1.3 * Conyza spp. Flea bane 10 4.4 Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush 1 .4 * Coprosma repens Mirror-bush 11 4.8 Correa alba White Correa 11 4.8 Corybas spp. Helmet Orchid 1 .4 Cotula australis Common Cotula 2 .8 * Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons 14 6.1 Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Spreading Crassula 4 1.7 Crassula helmsii Swamp Crassula 4 1.7 ~ Crassula sieberiana Sieber Crassula 11 4.8 ~ Crassula sieberiana ssp. tetramera Australian Stonecrop 1 .4 * Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 1 .4 * Critesion hystrix Mediterranean Barley-grass 1 .4 * Critesion marinum Sea Barley-grass 1 .4 * Critesion murinum Barley-grass 3 1.3 * Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum Wall Barley-grass 4 1.7 * Cupressus macrocarpa Monterey Cypress 2 .8 Cyathodes juniperina Crimson Berry 1 .4 Cynodon dactylon Couch 1 .4 Cynoglossum australe Australian Hound's-tongue 4 1.7 Cynoglossum spp. 7 3 Cyrtostylis reniformis Small Gnat-orchid 1 .4 * Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot 10 4.4 Danthonia s.I. spp. Wallaby Grass 2 .8 Daucus glochidiatus Austral Carrot 14 6.1 * Delairea odorata Cape Ivy 1 .4 Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoil 4 1.7 Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass 9 3.9 Dianella brevicaulis Short-stalk Flax-lily 22 9.6 Dianella longifolia Pale Flax-lily 10 4.4 Dianella longifolia var. longifolia Pale Flax-lily 1 .4 Dianella revoluta s.I. Black-anther Flax-lily 13 5.7 Dianella revoluta s.s. Black-anther Flax-lily 3 1.3 Dianella spp. Flax Lily 3 1.3 Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass 16 7 Dichelachne micrantha Short-hair Plume-grass 4 1.7 Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grass 4 1.7 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 54 23.7 Dipodium roseum s.s. Rosy Hyacinth-orchid 2 .8 Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower 21 9.2 Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass 15 6.6 # Dodonaea viscosa Sticky Hop-bush 1 .4 ARI Flora Research Page 79 June 2000; Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Dodonaea vlscosa ssp. cuneata Wedge-leaf Hop-bush 4 1.7 Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata Spoon-leaf Hop-bush 2 .8 Drosera macrantha Climbing Sundew 1 .4 Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall Sundew 2 .8 Drosera spp. 1 .4 Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grass 7 3 * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass 23 10.1 * Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt Grass 24 10.5 * Ehrharta spp. 2 .8 Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding Saltbush 1 .4 Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge 4 1.7 Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedge 1 .4 Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass 21 9.2 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby Saltbush 3 1.3 Epacridaceae spp. 1 .4 Epacris impressa Common Heath 2 .8 Epiloblum billardierianum Variable Willow-herb 2 .8 Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herb 5 2.2 Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herb 2 .8 Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herb 1 .4 Epilobium spp. Willow Herb 2 .8 Eragrostis brownii Common Love-grass 4 1.7 # Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Southern Blue Gum 4 1.7 Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum 6 2.6 ~ Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum 6 2.6 Eucalyptus vlminalis ssp. pryoriana Coast Manna-gum 3 1.3 Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s. Creeping Cudweed 6 2.6 * Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge 1 .4 Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballar! 4 1.7 Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit Ballar! 6 2.6 * Fumaria muralis ssp. muralis Wall Fumitory 1 .4 Gahnia filum Chatty Saw-sedge 8 3.5 Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge 5 2.2 * Galium aparine Cleavers 9 3.9 Galium australe Tangled Bedstraw 11 4.8 * Galium murale Small Bedstraw 1 .4 Galium propinquum Maori Bedstraw 1 .4 Galium spp. 2 .8 * Gamochaeta purpurea spp. agg. Cudweed 2 .8 * Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom 1 .4 * Geranium molle Dovesfoot 1 .4 Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil Cranesbill 3 1.3 Geranium solanderi s.I. Austral Cranesbill 7 3 Geranium sp. 3 Pale-flower Cranesbill 3 1.3 Geranium sp. 4 Rough Cranesbill 8 3.5 Geranium spp. Crane's Bill 9 3.9 Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine 5 2.2 Gnaphalium spp. 1 .4 Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort 5 2.2 Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort 15 6.6 Gonocarpus teucrioides s.s. Germander Raspwort 1 .4 Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia 19 8.3 * Hainardia cylindrica Common Barb-grass 1 .4 * Hedera helix Ivy 1 .4 Helichrysum spp. Everlasting 1 .4 * Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue 3 1.3 Hemichroa pentandra Trailing Hemichroa 22 9.6 :I• ARI Flora Research Page 80 June 2000p ) Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 49 21.5 Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy Pennywort 6 2.6 Hydrocotyle muscosa Mossy Pennywort 2 .8 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining Pennywort 2 .8 Hydrocotyle spp. Pennywort 2 .8 Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender Pennywort 1 .4 Hymenanthera dentata s.s. Tree Violet 2 .8 Hypericum gramlneum Small St John's Wort 9 3.9 * Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stem St John's Wort 1 .4 * Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear 3 1.3 * Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 61 26.8 Hypoxis glabella s.I. Yellow star 1 .4 lmperata cylindrica Blady Grass 1 .4 lsolepis cernua Nodding Club-sedge 4 1.7 lsolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedge 4. 1.7 lsolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedge 7 3 lsolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 50 22 Juncus bufonius Toad Rush 1 .4 Juncus filicaulis Thread Rush 2 .8 Juncus gregiflorus Green Rush 1 .4 Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea Rush 5 2.2 Juncus pallidus Pale Rush 4 1.7 Juncus procerus Tall Rush 4 1.7 Juncus spp. Rush 3 1.3 Kennedia prostrata Running Postman 2 .8 ~ * Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce 3 1.3 u Lagenifera gracilis Slender Lagenifera 1 .4 Lagenifera huegelii Coarse Lagenifera 2 .8 Lagenifera stipitata Common Lagenifera 7 3 * Lagurus ovatus Hare's Tail 28 12.3 Lawrencia spicata Salt Lawrencia 1 .4 Lemna disperma Common Duckweed 2 .8 * Leontodon taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit 28 12.3 Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedge 17 7.4 Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge 4 1.7 Lepidosperma laterale var. laterale Variable Sword-sedge 1 .4 Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedge 1 .4 Lepidosperma spp. Sword Sedge 1 .4 Leptinella reptans s.s. Creeping Cotula 2 .8 Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree 6 2.6 # Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-tree 33 14.5 Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush 18 7.9 Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heath 1 .4 Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heath 42 18.5 Ulaeopsis polyantha Australian Lilaeopsis 2 .8 Umonium australe Yellow Sea-lavender 6 2.6 Unum marginale Native Flax 1 .4 * Unum trigynum French Flax 1 .4 Ussanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach Heath 1 .4 Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia 18 7.9 * Lolium loliaceum Stiff Rye-grass 2 .8 * Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass 6 2.6 * Lolium perenne var. perenne Perennial Rye-grass 2 .8 * Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass 3 1.3 * Lolium spp. 1 .4 * Lolium temulentum var. temulentum Bearded Rye-grass 1 .4 Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 7 3 ARI Flora Research Page 81 June 2000!1' Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 17 7.4 * Lophopyrum elongatum Elongate Wheat-grass 3 1.3 * Lotus angustisslmus Slender Bird's-foot Trefoil 1 .4 * Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil 3 1.3 Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field Woodrush 3 1.3 Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush 2 .8 Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common Woodrush 1 .4 Luzula meridionalis var. meridionalis Common Woodrush 1 .4 * Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn 13 5.7 Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loosestrife 5 2.2 * Malva parviflora Small-flower Mallow 2 .8 * Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic 4 1.7 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 29 12.7 Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata Moonah 4 1.7 Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtle 1 .4 * Melilotus indicus Sweet Melilot 8 3.5 Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass 35 15.4 Microtis arenaria Notched Onion-orchid 3 1.3 Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid 2 .8 Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flower 7 3 Monotoca glauca Currant-wood 5 2.2 Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum 3 1.3 # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla 23 10.1 Neopaxia australasica White Purslane 1 .4 Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grass 8 3.5 ~ Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 28 12.3 11 Olearia ramulosa var. ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush 1 .4 Olearia sp. aff. lanuginosa (Mornington Pen) Peninsula Daisy-bush 1 .4 Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed 2 .8 Oxalis corniculata s.I. Yellow Wood-sorrel 9 3.9 Oxalis rubens Rufous Wood-sorrel 18 7.9 Oxalis spp. Wood-sorrel 21 9.2 Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting 1 .4 Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting 15 6.6 Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine 12 5.2 * Parapholis incurva Coast Barb-grass 8 3.5 * Parapholis strigosa Slender Barb-grass 2 .8 * Paraserianthes lophantha ssp. lophantha Cape Wattle 1 .4 Parietaria debilis s.I. Shade Pellitory 8 3.5 Parietaria debilis s.s. Shade Pellitory 5 2.2 * Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum 4 1.7 * Paspalum distichum Water Couch 2 .8 * Pennlsetum clandestinum Kikuyu 6 2.6 Pentapogon quadrifidus Five-awned Spear-grass 8 3.5 * Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass 1 .4 * Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass 1 .4 Phragmites australis Common Reed 4 1.7 Phyllanthus gunnii Shrubby Spurge 2 .8 * Phytolacca octandra Red-ink Weed 1 .4 Picris angustifolia Native Picris 1 .4 Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flower 1 .4 Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme Rice-flower 2 .8 * Pinus radiata Radiata Pine 1 .4 # Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum 12 5.2 * Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 18 7.9 * Plantago coronopus ssp. coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 1 .4 Plantago hispida Hairy Plantain 1 .4 Page 82 ARI Flora Research June 20001f Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park . Plantago lanceolata Ribwort 22 9.6 • Plantago major Greater Plantain 2 .8 Plantago spp. 3 1.3 Plantago varia Variable Plantain 4 1.7 Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock Grass 4 1.7 Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 2 .8 Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 12 5.2 Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grass 8 3.5 Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 45 19.8 Poa poiformis var. poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 2 .8 Poa poiformis var. ramifer Trailing Coast Poa 2 .8 Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass 5 2.2 Poa spp. Tussock Grass 2 .8 Poaceae spp. an undetermined grass 2 .8 Podolepis jaceoides s.s. Showy Podolepis 2 .8 . Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed 25 11 . Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Beard-grass 7 3 Pomaderris elliptica ssp. elliptica Smooth Pomaderris 3 1.3 Pomaderris paniculosa ssp. paralia Coast Pomaderris 4 1.7 Pratia irrigua Salt Pratia 2 .8 Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey cudweed 6 2.6 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 29 12.7 Pterostylis spp. Green hood 1 .4 Puccinellia stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass 5 2.2 Puccinellia stricta var. stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass 4 1.7 Pultenaea daphnoides Large-leaf Bush-pea 2 .8 i' Pultenaea tenuifolia Slender Bush-pea 1 .4 ~ Ranunculus amphitrichus Small River Buttercup 6 2.6 Ranunculus pumilio Ferny Small-flower Buttercup 2 .8 Ranunculus sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup 1 .4 Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup 4 1.7 Ranunculus spp. Buttercup 1 .4 Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush 54 23.7 • Romulea rosea Onion Grass 2 .8 • Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar 2 .8 . Rostraria cristata Annual Cat's-tail 3 1.3 • Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry 7 3 Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf Bramble 8 3.5 Rumex bidens Mud Dock 1 .4 Rumex brownii Slender Dock 1 .4 • Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock 2 .8 • Rumex crispus Curled Dock 2 .8 Rumex spp. Dock 3 1.3 • Sagina apetala Common Pearlwort 1 .4 Sambucus gaudichaudiana White Elderberry 7 3 Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed 40 17.6 Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort 47 20.7 Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge 12 5.2 Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedge 1 .4 Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedge 14 6.1 Sclerostegia arbuscula Shrubby Glasswort 31 13.6 Sebaea ovata Yellow Sebaea 1 .4 Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat 24 10.5 . Senecio angulatus Climbing Groundsel 1 .4 Senecio biserratus Jagged Fireweed 18 7.9 • Senecio elegans Purple Groundsel 11 4.8 Senecio glomeratus Annual Fireweed 18 7.9 ARI Flora Research Page 83 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Seneclo hispidulus var. dissectus Rough Fireweed 1 .4 Senecio hispidulus var. hispidulus Rough Fireweed 2 .8 * Senecio jacobaea Ragwort 4 1.7 Senecio linearifolius Fireweed Groundsel 2 .8 Senecio minimus Shrubby Fireweed 9 3.9 Senecio odoratus Scented Groundsel 1 .4 Senecio pinnatifolius Variable Groundsel 14 6.1 Senecio pinnatifolius (lanceolate leaf form) Lance-leaf Groundsel 8 3.5 Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Fireweed 1 .4 Senecio spathulatus Dune Groundsel 10 4.4 Senecio spp. Groundsel 10 4.4 Senecio tenuiflorus Slender Fireweed 5 2.2 * Silene gallica French Catchfly 1 .4 Solanum aviculare Kangaroo Apple 2 .8 * Solanum linnaeanum Apple of Sodom 5 2.2 * Solanum nigrum s.I. Black Nightshade 8 3.5 * Solanum nigrum s.s. Black Nightshade 3 1.3 Solanum opacum Green-berry Nightshade 2 .8 Solanum spp. Nightshade 5 2.2 * Sonchus asper s.I. Rough Sow-thistle 13 5.7 * Sonchus asper ssp. asper Rough Sow-thistle 4 1.7 * Sonchus asper ssp. glaucescens agg. 1 .4 Sonchus hydrophilus Native Sow-thistle 3 1.3 * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 56 24.6 Spergularia sp. 1 Native Sea-spurrey 2 .8 Spinifex sericeus Hairy Spinifex 14 6.1 * Sporobolus indicus var. capensis Rat-tail Grass 8 3.5 i Sporobolus virginicus Salt Couch 3 1.3 * Stellaria media Chickweed 9 3.9 * Stellaria pallida Lesser Chickweed 2 .8 Stylidium graminifolium Grass Trigger-plant 3 1.3 Suaeda australis Austral Seablite 25 11 Swainsona lessertiifolia Coast Swainson-pea 5 2.2 * Taraxacum Sect. Ruderalia Garden Dandelion 1 .4 Taraxacum spp. Dandelion 2 .8 Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach 54 23.7 Tetragonia spp. Native Spinach 1 .4 Tetragonia tetragonloides New Zealand Spinach 2 .8 Thelymitra spp. Sun Orchid 3 1.3 Threlkeldia diffusa Coast Bonefruit 7 3 * Tribolium acutiflorum Desmazeria 3 1.3 * Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Narrow-leaf Clover 1 .4 * Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover 1 .4 * Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover 7 3 * Trifolium glomeratum Cluster Clover 2 .8 * Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover 3 1.3 * Trifolium spp. Clover 4 1.7 Triglochin procerum s.I. Water Ribbons 11 4.8 Triglochin spp. Water Ribbons 1 .4 Triglochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass 29 12.7 * Ulex europaeus Gorse 9 3.9 Urtica incisa Scrub Nettle 3 1.3 Veronica calycina Hairy Speedwell 3 1.3 Veronica gracilis Slender Speedwell 6 2.6 Veronica plebeia Trailing Speedwell 10 4.4 * Vicia saliva ssp. nigra Narrow-leaf Vetch 2 .8 * Vicia saliva ssp. saliva Common Vetch 3 1.3 ARI Flora Research Page 84 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Vicia spp. 1 .4 Villarsia renifonnis Running Marsh-flower 1 .4 Villarsia spp. 1 .4 Viola hederacea s.I. Ivy-leaf Violet 14 6.1 * Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue 16 7 * Vulpia fasciculata Dune Fescue 5 2.2 * Vulpia muralis Wall Fescue 1 .4 * Vulpia myuros f. megalura Fox-tail Fescue 1 .4 * Vulpia spp. Fescue 1 .4 Wahlenbergia gracilis s.s. Sprawling Bluebell 5 2.2 Wahlenbergia multicaulis s.s. Many-stemmed Bluebell 1 .4 Wahlenbergia spp. 4 1.7 Xanthosia pusilla Heath Xanthosia 1 .4 Zieria arborescens Stinkwood 2 .8 ARI Flora Research Page 85 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9.1.7 Appendix 7 Speciesfrequency oftaxafrom quadrats infrequency order. ORIGIN NAME COMMONNAME NUMQUAD QPERCENT Hemichroa pentandra Trailing Hemichroa 22 9.6 * Plantago lanceolata Rib wort 22 9.6 Dianella brevicaulis Short-stalk Flax-lily 22 9.6 Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass 21 9.2 * Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper 21 9.2 Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower 21 9.2 Oxalis spp. Wood-sorrel 21 9.2 * Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass 20 8.8 * Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle 20 8.8 Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia 19 8.3 Agrostis avenacea var. avenacea Common Blown-grass 19 8.3 Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush 18 7.9 Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia 18 7.9 Oxalis rubens Rufous Wood-sorrel 18 7.9 * Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain 18 7.9 Senecio biserratus Jagged Fireweed 18 7.9 Senecio glomeratus Annual Fireweed 18 7.9 Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedge 17 7.4 Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 17 7.4 # Acacia longifolia var. longifolia Sallow Wattle 16 7 * Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel 16 7 * Centaurium tenuiflorum Branched Centaury 16 7 I• Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass 16 7 j Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grass 16 7 * Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue 16 7 Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea Celery 15 6.6 Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grass 15 6.6 Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass 15 6.6 Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort 15 6.6 Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting 15 6.6 * Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons 14 6.1 Daucus glochidiatus Austral Carrot 14 6.1 Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedge 14 6.1 Senecio pinnatifolius Variable Groundsel 14 6.1 Spinifex sericeus Hairy Spinifex 14 6.1 Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grass 14 6.1 Viola hederacea s.l. Ivy-leaf Violet 14 6.1 Banksia integrifolia var. integrifolia Coast Banksia 13 5.7 * Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed 13 5.7 Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis 13 5.7 Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily 13 5.7 * Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn 13 5.7 * Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle 13 5.7 * Atriplex prostrata Hastate Orache 12 5.2 Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beauty-heads 12 5.2 Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge 12 5.2 Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine 12 5.2 # Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum 12 5.2 Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge 12 5.2 ARI Flora Research Page 86 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 12 5.2 Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses 11 4.8 * Aster subulatus Aster-weed 11 4.8 * Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome 11 4.8 * Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury 11 4.8 * Coprosma repens Mirror-bush 11 4.8 Correa alba White Correa 11 4.8 Crassula sieberiana Sieber Crassula 11 4.8 Galium australe Tangled Bedstraw 11 4.8 * Senecio elegans Purple Groundsel 11 4.8 Triglochin procerum s.1. Water Ribbons 11 4.8 Acacia meamsii Black Wattle 10 4.4 Actites megalocarpa Dune Thistle 10 4.4 * Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot 10 4.4 Dianella longifolia Pale Flax-lily 10 4.4 Veronica plebeia Trailing Speedwell 10 4.4 Senecio spathulatus Dune Groundsel 10 4.4 * Conyza spp. Fleabane 10 4.4 Senecio spp. Groundsel 10 4.4 Agrostis billardierei Coast Blown-grass 9 3.9 * Aira elegans Delicate Hair-grass 9 3.9 * Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass 9 3.9 * Conyza bonariensis Flaxleaf Fleabane 9 3.9 Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass 9 3.9 Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass 9 3.9 * Galium aparine Cleavers 9 3.9 Hypericum gramineum Small St John's Wort 9 3.9 ~ Oxalis comiculata s.1. Yellow Wood-sorrel 9 3.9 Senecio minimus Shrubby Fireweed 9 3.9 * Stellaria media Chickweed 9 3.9 * Ulex europaeus Gorse 9 3.9 Geranium spp. Crane's Bill 9 3.9 * Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass 8 3.5 Comesperma volubile Love Creeper 8 3.5 Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grass 8 3.5 Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedge 8 3.5 * Melilotus indicus Sweet Melilot 8 3.5 * Parapholis incurva Coast Barb-grass 8 3.5 Parietaria debilis s.1. Shade Pellitory 8 3.5 Pentapogon quadrifidus Five-awned Spear-grass 8 3.5 Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grass 8 3.5 Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf Bramble 8 3.5 * Solanum nigrum s.1. Black Nightshade 8 3.5 * Sporobolus indicus var. capensis Rat-tail Grass 8 3.5 Austrodanthonia pilosa var. pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass 8 3.5 Senecio pinnatifolius (lanceolate leaf form) Lance-leaf Groundsel 8 3.5 Geranium sp. 4 Rough Cranesbill 8 3.5 * Centaurium spp. Centaury 8 3.5 * Agrostis capillaris Brown-top Bent 7 3 Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel 7 3 Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grass 7 3 Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral Cranesbill 7 3 Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedge 7 3 Lagenifera stipitata Common Lagenifera 7 3 ARI Flora Research Page 87 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 7 3 Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flower 7 3 * Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Beard-grass 7 3 * Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry 7 3 Sambucus gaudichaudiana White Elderberry 7 3 Threlkeldia diffusa Coast Bonefruit 7 3 * Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover 7 3 Cynoglossum spp. 7 3 Austrodanthonia spp. Wallaby Grass 7 3 * Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear 61 26.8 * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle 56 24.6 Dichondra repens Kidney-weed 54 23.7 Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush 54 23.7 Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach 54 23.7 Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis 53 23.3 Isolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge 50 22 * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog 49 21.5 Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort 47 20.7 # Acacia longifolia var. sophorae Coast Wattle 6 2.6 Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa Marsh Saltbush 6 2.6 Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel 6 2.6 Austrodanthonia penicillata Slender Wallaby-grass 6 2.6 Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum 6 2.6 Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum 6 2.6 Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit Ballart 6 2.6 Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s. Creeping Cudweed 6 2.6 Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy Pennywort 6 2.6 Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree 6 2.6 i' Limonium australe Yellow Sea-lavender 6 2.6 J * Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass 6 2.6 * Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu 6 2.6 Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey cudweed 6 2.6 Ranunculus amphitrichus Small River Buttercup 6 2.6 Veronica gracilis Slender Speedwell 6 2.6 * Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass 5 2.2 * Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed 5 2.2 Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea 5 2.2 * Carduus tenuiflorus Slender Thistle 5 2.2 Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous Goosefoot 5 2.2 Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass 5 2.2 Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge 5 2.2 Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine 5 2.2 Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort 5 2.2 Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea Rush 5 2.2 Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loosestrife 5 2.2 Puccinellia stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass 5 2.2 Senecio tenuiflorus Slender Fireweed 5 2.2 * Solanum linnaeanum Apple of Sodom 5 2.2 Swainsona lessertiifolia Coast Swainson-pea 5 2.2 * Vulpia fasciculata Dune Fescue 5 2.2 Monotoca glauca Currant-wood 5 2.2 Wahlenbergia gracilis s.s. Sprawling Bluebell 5 2.2 Agrostis billardierei var. billardierei Coast Blown-grass 5 2.2 Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herb 5 2.2 ARI Flora Research Page 88 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass 5 2.2 Parietaria debilis s.s. Shade Pellitory 5 2.2 Solanum spp. Nightshade 5 2.2 Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 45 19.8 Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heath 42 18.5 Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee 41 18 Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed 40 17.6 Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass 35 15.4 # Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-tree 33 14.5 Sclerostegia arbuscula Shrubby Glasswort 31 13.6 * Bromus diandrus Great Brome 30 13.2 Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 29 12.7 Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 29 12.7 Triglochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass 29 12.7 * Lagurus ovatus Hare's Tail 28 12.3 * Leontodon taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit 28 12.3 Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush 28 12.3 Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria 25 11 * Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed 25 11 Suaeda australis Austral Seablite 25 II * Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass 24 10.5 * Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt Grass 24 10.5 Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat 24 10.5 * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass 23 IO.I # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla 23 10.1 Asperula conferta Common Woodruff 4 1.7 Asperula scoparia Prickly Woodruff 4 1.7 Astroloma humifusum Cranberry Heath 4 1.7 I· Carpobrotus rossii Karkalla 4 1.7 Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia 4 1.7 Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping She-oak 4 1.7 Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Spreading Crassula 4 1.7 Crassula helmsii Swamp Crassula 4 1.7 Cynoglossum australe Australian Hound's-tongue 4 1.7 Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoil 4 1.7 Dichelachne micrantha Short-hair Plume-grass 4 1.7 Dodonaea viscosa ssp. cuneata Wedge-leaf Hop-bush 4 1.7 Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge 4 1.7 Eragrostis brownii Common Love-grass 4 1.7 Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart 4 1.7 * Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum Wall Barley-grass 4 1.7 Isolepis cernua Nodding Club-sedge 4 1.7 Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedge 4 1.7 Juncus pallidus Pale Rush 4 1.7 J uncus procerus Tall Rush 4 1.7 Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge 4 1.7 * Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic 4 1.7 Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata Moonah 4 1.7 * Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum 4 1.7 Phragmites australis Common Reed 4 1.7 Plantago varia Variable Plantain 4 1.7 Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock Grass 4 1.7 * Senecio jacobaea Ragwort 4 1.7 Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grass 4 1.7 ARI Flora Research Page 89 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Pomaderris paniculosa ssp. paralia Coast Pomaderris 4 1.7 # Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Southern Blue Gum 4 1.7 Puccinellia stricta var. stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass 4 1.7 Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup 4 1.7 * Sonchus asper ssp. asper Rough Sow-thistle 4 1.7 * Trifolium spp. Clover 4 1.7 Wahlenbergia spp. 4 1.7 Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 3 1.3 * Lophopyrum elongatum Elongate Wheat-grass 3 1.3 Agrostis avenacea Common Blown-grass 3 1.3 * Aira cupaniana Quicksilver Grass 3 1.3 Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe 3 1.3 * Asparagus scandens Asparagus Fern 3 1.3 Brachyscome parvula Coast Daisy 3 1.3 * Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass 3 1.3 Cardamine gunnii s.l. Common Bitter-cress 3 1.3 Cardamine tenuifolia Slender Bitter-cress 3 1.3 * Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass 3 1.3 * Chenopodium murale Sowbane 3 1.3 * Conyza scabiosifolia Rough Conyza 3 1.3 Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass 3 1.3 Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby Saltbush 3 1.3 Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil Cranesbill 3 1.3 * Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear 3 1.3 * Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce 3 1.3 * Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass 3 1.3 * Rostraria cristata Annual Cat's-tail 3 1.3 * Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil 3 1.3 Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field Woodrush 3 1.3 ~ Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum 3 1.3 ~ Microtis arenaria Notched Onion-orchid 3 1.3 * Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue 3 1.3 * Tribolium acutiflorum Desmazeria 3 1.3 Pomaderris elliptica ssp. elliptica Smooth Pomaderris 3 1.3 Sporobolus virginicus Salt Couch 3 1.3 Stylidium graminifolium Grass Trigger-plant 3 1.3 * Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover 3 1.3 Urtica incisa Scrub Nettle 3 1.3 Veronica calycina Hairy Speedwell 3 1.3 * Critesion murinum Barley-grass 3 1.3 Dianella revoluta s.s. Black-anther Flax-lily 3 1.3 Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana Coast Manna-gum 3 1.3 Sonchus hydrophilus Native Sow-thistle 3 1.3 * Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Vetch 3 1.3 * Solanum nigrum s.s. Black Nightshade 3 1.3 Geranium sp. 3 Pale-flower Cranesbill 3 1.3 Asteraceae spp. 3 1.3 Carex spp. Sedge 3 1.3 Dianella spp. Flax Lily 3 1.3 Juncus spp. Rush 3 1.3 Plantago spp. 3 1.3 Rumex spp. Dock 3 1.3 Thelymitra spp. Sun Orchid 3 1.3 Acacia stricta Hop Wattle 2 .8 ARI Flora Research Page 90 June 2000 !I Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Acrotriche serrulata Honey-pots 2 .8 Agrostis aemula Purplish Blown-grass 2 .8 Agrostis venusta Misty Bent- 2 .8 Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry 2 .8 * Brassica fruticulosa Twiggy Turnip 2 .8 * Cakile maritima ssp. maritima Sea Rocket 2 .8 * Chenopodium album Fat Hen 2 .8 Cotula australis Common Cotula 2 .8 * Cupressus macrocarpa Monterey Cypress 2 .8 Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-grass 2 .8 Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall Sundew 2 .8 Epacris impressa Common Heath 2 .8 Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herb 2 .8 * Gamochaeta purpurea spp. agg. Cud weed 2 .8 Hydrocotyle muscosa Mossy Pennywort 2 .8 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining Pennywort 2 .8 Juncus filicaulis Thread Rush 2 .8 Kennedia prostrata Running Postman 2 .8 Lagenifera huegelii Coarse Lagenifera 2 .8 Lemna disperma Common Duckweed 2 .8 Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian Lilaeopsis 2 .8 * Lolium loliaceum Stiff Rye-grass 2 .8 * Malva parviflora Small-flower Mallow 2 .8 Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid 2 .8 Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed 2 .8 * Parapholis strigosa Slender Barb-grass 2 .8 * Paspalum distichum Water Couch 2 .8 Phyllanthus gunnii Shrubby Spurge 2 .8 Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme Rice-flower 2 .8 ~ * Plantago major Greater Plantain 2 .8 Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass 2 .8 Pratia irrigua Salt Pratia 2 .8 Pultenaea daphnoides Large-leaf Bush-pea 2 .8 Ranunculus pumilio Ferny Small-flower Buttercup 2 .8 * Romulea rosea Onion Grass 2 .8 * Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar 2 .8 * Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock 2 .8 * Rumex crispus Curled Dock 2 .8 Senecio linearifolius Fireweed Groundsel 2 .8 Solanum aviculare Kangaroo Apple 2 .8 Solanum opacum Green-berry Nightshade 2 .8 * Stellaria pallida Lesser Chickweed 2 .8 Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grass 2 .8 Tetragonia tetragonioides New Zealand Spinach 2 .8 Atriplex billardierei Glistening Saltbush 2 .8 * Trifolium glomeratum Cluster Clover 2 .8 Zieria arborescens Stinkwood 2 .8 Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush 2 .8 Leptinella reptans s.s. Creeping Cotula 2 .8 Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.s. Common Everlasting 2 .8 Podolepis jaceoides s.s. Showy Podolepis 2 .8 Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata Spoon-leaf Hop-bush 2 .8 Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herb 2 .8 * Lolium perenne var. perenne Perennial Rye-grass 2 .8 ARI Flora Research Page 91 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Spergularia sp. I Native Sea-spurrey 2 .8 Poa poiformis var. ramifer Trailing Coast Poa 2 .8 Poa poiformis var. poiformis Blue Tussock-grass 2 .8 Dipodium roseum s.s. Rosy Hyacinth-orchid 2 .8 Hymenanthera dentata s.s. Tree Violet 2 .8 Senecio hispidulus var. hispidulus Rough Fireweed 2 .8 * Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Narrow-leaf,. Vetch 2 .8 * Cerastium glomeratum s.s. Stick)/ Mouse-ear Chickweed 2 .8 Caryophyllaceae spp. 2 .8 Poaceae spp. an undetermined grass 2 .8 * Aira spp. Hair Grass 2 .8 Danthonia s.l. spp. Wallaby Grass 2 .8 * Ehrharta spp. 2 .8 Epilobium spp. Willow Herb 2 .8 Galium spp. 2 .8 Hydrocotyle spp. Pennywort 2 .8 Poa spp. Tussock Grass 2 .8 Austrostipa spp. Spear Grass 2 .8 Taraxacum spp. Dandelion 2 .8 Acaena ovina Australian Sheep's Burr I .4 Cyrtostylis reniformis Small Gnat-orchid I .4 * Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent I .4 * Aira praecox Early Hair-grass I .4 * Paraserianthes lophantha ssp. lophantha Cape Wattle I .4 Alyxia buxifolia Sea Box I .4 Amphibromus archeri Pointed Swamp Wallaby-grass I .4 Aotus ericoides Common Aotus I .4 Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern I .4 * Avena barbata Bearded Oat I .4 I· Brachyscome aculeata Branching Daisy I .4 * Bromus madritensis Madrid Brome I .4 ~ Caladenia latifolia Pink Fairies I .4 Carex appressa Tall Sedge I .4 Carex inversa Knob Sedge I .4 * Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigface I .4 Centella cordifolia Centella I .4 * Cicendia quadrangularis Square Cicendia I .4 Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush I .4 * Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn I .4 Cyathodes juniperina Crimson Berry I .4 Cynodon dactylon Couch I .4 Austrodanthonia sp. (syn. Danthonia procera) Tall Wallaby-grass I .4 # Dodonaea viscosa Sticky Hop-bush I .4 Drosera macrantha Climbing Sundew I .4 Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding Saltbush I .4 Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedge I .4 Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herb I .4 * Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge I .4 * Fumaria muralis ssp. muralis Wall Fumitory I .4 * Galium murale Small Bedstraw I .4 Galium propinquum Maori Bedstraw I .4 * Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom I .4 * Geranium molle Dovesfoot I .4 * Hedera helix Ivy I .4 ARI Flora Research Page 92 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting I .4 * Critesion hystrix Mediterranean Barley-grass I .4 * Critesion marinum Sea Barley-grass I .4 Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender Pennywort I .4 * Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stem St John's Wort I .4 Hypoxis glabella s.I. Yellow star I .4 Imperata cylindrica Blady Grass I .4 Juncus bufonius Toad Rush I .4 Juncus gregiflorus Green Rush I .4 Lagenifera gracilis Slender Lagenifera I .4 • Lawrencia spicata Salt Lawrencia I .4 Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heath I .4 Linum marginale Native Flax I .4 * Linum trigynum French Flax I .4 Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach Heath I .4 * Lotus angustissimus Slender Bird's-foot Trefoil I .4 Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common Woodrush I .4 Luzula meridionalis var. meridionalis Common Woodrush I .4 Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtle I .4 * Hainardia cylindrica Common Barb-grass I .4 Neopaxia australasica White Purslane I .4 Olearia sp. aff. lanuginosa (Mornington Peninsula) Peninsula Daisy-bush I .4 * Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass I .4 * Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass I .4 * Phytolacca octandra Red-ink Weed I .4 Picris angustifolia Native Picris I .4 Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flower I .4 * Pinus radiata Radiata Pine I .4 Plantago hispida Hairy Plantain I .4 Pultenaea tenuifolia Slender Bush-pea I .4 ~ Ranunculus sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup I .4 ~ * Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel I .4 Rumex bidens Mud Dock I .4 Rumex brownii Slender Dock I .4 * Sagina apetala Common Pearlwort I .4 Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedge I .4 Sebaea ovata Yellow Sebaea I .4 * Delairea odorata Cape Ivy I .4 Senecio odoratus Sc~mted Groundsel I .4 Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Fireweed I .4 * Silene gallica French Catchfly I .4 * Senecio angulatus Climbing Groundsel I .4 * Taraxacum Sect. Ruderalia Garden Dandelion I .4 * Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Narrow-leaf Clover I .4 * Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover I .4 Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flower I .4 * Vulpia myuros £ megalura Fox-tail Fescue I .4 * Vulpia muralis Wall Fescue ~I .4 Xanthosia pusilla Heath Xanthosia I .4 * Brom us japonicus Japanese Brome I .4 Wahlenbergia multicaulis s.s. Many-stemmed Bluebell I .4 Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum var. filiforme Sea Celery I .4 Brachyscome parvula var. parvula Coast Daisy I .4 Crassula sieberiana ssp. tetramera Australian Stonecrop I .4 ARl Flora Research Page 93 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Austrodanthonia setacea var. setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass I .4 Austrodanthonia bipartita s.s. Leafy Wallaby-grass I .4 Dianella longifolia var. longifolia Pale Flax-lily I .4 Lepidosperma laterale var. laterale Variable Sword-sedge I .4 Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedge I .4 * Lolium temulentum var. temulentum Bearded Rye-grass 1 .4 Olearia ramulosa var. ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush 1 .4 * Plantago coronopus ssp. coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain I .4 Gonocarpus teucrioides s.s. Germander Raspwort 1 .4 Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Veined Spear-grass I .4 Senecio hispidulus var. dissectus Rough Fireweed 1 .4 * Cerastium semidecandrum s.s. Little Mouse-ear Chickweed I .4 Epacridaceae spp. I .4 * Sonchus asper ssp. glaucescens agg. 1 .4 Acaena spp. Sheep's Burr 1 .4 Agrostis spp. Bent 1 .4 Amaranthus spp. 1 .4 Amyemaspp. Mistletoe 1 .4 Asperula spp. Woodruff I .4 * Avenaspp. Oat 1 .4 Caladenia spp. Caladenia I .4 Cardamine spp. Bitter Cress 1 .4 Chenopodium spp. Goosefoot 1 .4 Corybas spp. Helmet Orchid I .4 Drosera spp. 1 .4 Gnaphalium spp. I .4 Helichrysum spp. Everlasting 1 .4 Lepidosperma spp. Sword Sedge I .4 * Lolium spp. 1 .4 Pterostylis spp. Greenhood 1 .4 ,, Ranunculus spp. Buttercup I .4 Tetragonia spp. Native Spinach 1 .4 Triglochin spp. Water Ribbons I .4 * Vicia spp. I .4 Villarsia spp. I .4 * Vulpia spp. Fescue I .4 ARI Flora Research Page 94 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park 9.1.8 Appendix 8 Taxafrom quadrats, Herbarium and incidental records in division and family order. Division, Family Scientific name Common name 1: Ferns and Fern-like Plants Aspleniaceae Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken 2: Conifers Cupressaceae * Cupressus macrocarpa Monterey Cypress Pinaceae * Pinus radiata Radiata Pine 3: Monocotyledons Asparagaceae * Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper * Asparagus scandens Asparagus Fern Cyperaceae Carex appressa Tall Sedge Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge Carex inversa Knob Sedge Carex spp. Sedge Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedge Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedge Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge Isolepis cernua Nodding Club-sedge Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedge Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedge Isolepis nodosa Knobby Club-sedge Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale var. laterale Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma spp. Sword Sedge Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedge Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedge Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis glabella s.l. Yellow star Iridaceae * Romulea rosea Onion Grass Juncaceae Juncus bufonius Toad Rush Juncus filicaulis Thread Rush Juncus gregiflorus Green Rush Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea Rush Juncus pallidus Pale Rush Juncus procerus Tall Rush Juncus spp. Rush ARI Flora Research Page 95 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Luzula campestris spp. agg. Field Woodrush Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida Common Woodrush Luzula meridionalis var. meridionalis Common Woodrush Juncaginaceae Triglochin procerum s.1. Water Ribbons Triglochin spp. Water Ribbons Triglochin striatum Streaked Arrowgrass Lemnaceae Lemna disperma Common Duckweed Orchidaceae Caladenia latifolia Pink Fairies Caladenia spp. Caladenia Corybas spp. Helmet Orchid Cyrtostylis reniformis Small Gnat-orchid Dipodium roseum s.s. Rosy Hyacinth-orchid Microtis arenaria Notched Onion-orchid Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid Pterostylis spp. Greenhood Thelymitra spp. Sun Orchid Phormiaceae Dianella brevicaulis Short-stalk Flax-lily Dianella longifolia Pale Flax-lily Dianella longifolia var. longifolia Pale Flax-lily Dianella revoluta s.I. Black-anther Flax-lily Dianella revoluta s.s. Black-anther Flax-lily Dianella spp. Flax Lily Poaceae Agrostis aemula Purplish Blown-grass Agrostis avenacea Common Blown-grass Agrostis avenacea var. avenacea Common J?lown-grass Agrostis billardierei Coast Blown-grass Agrostis billardierei var. billardierei Coast Blown-grass * Agrostis capillaris Brown-top Bent Agrostis spp. Bent * Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Agrostis venusta Misty Bent * Aira caryophyllea Silvery Hair-grass * Aira cupaniana Quicksilver Grass * Aira elegans Delicate Hair-grass * Aira praecox Early Hair-grass * Aira spp. Hair Grass * Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass Amphibromus archeri Pointed Swamp Wallaby-grass * Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Austrodanthonia bipartita s.s. Leafy Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia penicillata Slender Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia pilosa var. pilosa Velvet Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass ARI Flora Research Page 96 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Austrodanthonia setacea var. setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia sp. (syn. Danthonia procera) Tall Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia spp. Wallaby Grass Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grass Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grass Austrostipa rudis ssp. nervosa Veined Spear-grass Austrostipa spp. Spear Grass Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grass * Avena barbata Bearded Oat * Avena spp. Oat * Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass * Brizaminor Lesser Quaking-grass * Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass * Bromus diandrus Great Brome * Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome * Bromusjaponicus Japanese Brome * Bromus madritensis Madrid Brome * Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass * Critesion hystrix Mediterranean Barley-grass * Critesion marinum Sea Barley-grass * Critesion murinum Barley-grass * Critesion murinum ssp. leporinum Wall Barley-grass Cynodon dactylon Couch * Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot Danthonia s.I. spp. Wallaby Grass Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass Dichelachne micrantha Short-hair Plume-grass Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grass Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grass * Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldt Grass * Ehrharta longiflora Annual Veldt Grass * Ehrharta spp. No Common Name Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass Eragrostis brownii Common Love-grass * Hainardia cylindrica Common Barb-grass * Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Imperata cylindrica Blady Grass * Lagurus ovatus Hare's Tail * Lolium loliaceum Stiff Rye-grass * Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass * Lolium perenne var. perenne Perennial Rye-grass * Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass * Lolium spp. No Common Name * Lolium temulentum var. temulentum Bearded Rye-grass * Lophopyrum elongatum Elongate Wheat-grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grass * Parapholis incurva Coast Barb-grass * Parapholis strigosa Slender Barb-grass * Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum * Paspalum distichum Water Couch ARI Flora Research Page 97 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu Pentapogon quadrifidus Five-awned Spear-grass * Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass * Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Phragmites australis Common Reed Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock Grass Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei Common Tussock-grass Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grass Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis var. poiformis Blue Tussock-grass Poa poiformis var. ramifer Trailing Coast Poa Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass Poaspp. Tussock Grass Poaceae spp. an undetermined grass * Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Beard-grass Puccinellia stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass Puccinellia stricta var. stricta Australian Saltmarsh-grass * Rostraria cristata Annual Cat's-tail Spinifex sericeus Hairy Spinifex * Sporobolus indicus var. capensis Rat-tail Grass Sporobolus virginicus Salt Couch * Tribolium acutiflorum Desmazeria * Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue * Vulpia fasciculata Dune Fescue * Vulpia muralis Wall Fescue * Vulpia myuros f. megalura Fox-tail Fescue * Vulpiaspp. Fescue Xanthorrhoeaceae Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia ssp. longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush 4: Dicotyledons ' Aizoaceae * Carpobrotus aequilaterus Angled Pigface Carpobrotus rossii Karkalla Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach Tetragonia spp. Native Spinach Tetragonia tetragonioides New Zealand Spinach Amaranthaceae Amaranthus spp. No Common Name Hemichroa pentandra Trailing Hemichroa Apiaceae Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea Celery Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum var. filiforme Sea Celery Centella cordifolia Centella Daucus glochidiatus Austral Carrot Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy Pennywort Hydrocotyle muscosa Mossy Pennywort Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining Pennywort Hydrocotyle spp. Pennywort Hydrocotyle tripartita Slender Pennywort Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian Lilaeopsis ARI Flora Research Page 98 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Xanthosia pusilla Heath Xanthosia Apocynaceae Alyxia buxifolia Sea Box Araliaceae * Hedera helix Ivy Asteraceae Actites megalocarpa Dune Thistle * Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed * Aster subulatus Aster-weed Asteraceae spp. No Common Name Brachyscome aculeata Branching Daisy Brachyscome parvula Coast Daisy Brachyscome parvula var. parvula Coast Daisy Calocephalus lacteus Milky Beauty-heads * Carduus tenuiflorus Slender Thistle Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.s. Common Everlasting * Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle * Conyza bonariensis FlaxleafFleabane * Conyza scabiosifolia Rough Conyza * Conyza spp. Fleabane Cotula australis Common Cotula * Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons * Delairea odorata Cape Ivy Euchiton gymnocephalus s.s. Creeping Cudweed * Gamochaeta purpurea spp. agg. Cud weed Gnaphalium spp. No Common Name Helichrysum spp. Everlasting * Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue * Hypochoeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear * Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear * Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Lagenifera gracilis Slender Lagenifera Lagenifera huegelii Coarse Lagenifera Lagenifera stipitata Common Lagenifera * Leontodon taraxacoides Hairy Hawkbit Leptinella reptans s.s. Creeping Cotula Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush Olearia axillaris Coast Daisy-Bush Olearia ramulosa var. ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush Olearia sp. aff. lanuginosa (Mornington Peninsula) Peninsula Daisy-bush Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting Picris angustifolia Native Picris Podolepis jaceoides s.s. Showy Podolepis Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey cudweed * Senecio angulatus Climbing Groundsel Senecio biserratus Jagged Fireweed * Senecio elegans Purple Groundsel Senecio glomeratus Annual Fireweed Senecio hispidulus var. dissectus Rough Fireweed Senecio hispidulus var. hispidulus Rough Fireweed * Senecio jacobaea Ragwort ARI Flora Research Page 99 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park "} Senecio linearifolius Fireweed Groundsel Senecio minimus Shrubby Fireweed Senecio odoratus Scented Groundsel Senecio pinnatifolius Variable Groundsel Senecio pinnatifolius (lanceolate leaffonn) Lance-leaf Groundsel Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Fireweed Senecio spathulatus Dune Groundsel Senecio spp. Groundsel Senecio tenuiflorus Slender Fireweed * Sonchus asper s.1. Rough Sow-thistle * Sonchus asper ssp. asper Rough Sow-thistle * Sonchus asper ssp. glaucescens agg. No Common Name Sonchus hydrophilus Native Sow-thistle * Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle * Taraxacum Sect. Ruderalia Garden Dandelion Taraxacum spp. Dandelion Bignoniaceae Pandorea pandorana WongaVine Boraginaceae Cynoglossum australe Australian Hound's-tongue Cynoglossum spp. No Common Name Brassicaceae * Brassica fruticulosa Twiggy Turnip * Cakile maritima ssp. maritima Sea Rocket Cardamine gunnii s.I. Common Bitter-cress Cardamine spp. Bitter Cress Cardamine tenuifolia Slender Bitter-cress Campanulaceae Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia Pratia irrigua Salt Pratia Wahlenbergia gracilis s.s. Sprawling Bluebell Wahlenbergia multicaulis s.s. Many-stemmed Bluebell Wahlenbergia spp. No Commpn Name Caprifoliaceae Sambucus gaudichaudiana White Elderberry Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae spp. No Common Name * Cerastium glomeratum s.1. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed * Cerastium glomeratum s.s. Sticky Mouse-ear Chickweed * Cerastium semidecandrum s.s. Little Mouse-ear Chickweed * Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed * Sagina apetala Common Pearlwort * Silene gallica French Catchfly Spergularia sp. 1 Native Sea-spurrey * Stellaria media Chickweed * Stellaria pallida Lesser Chickweed Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping She-oak Chenopodiaceae Atriplex billardierei Glistening Saltbush Atriplex paludosa ssp. paludosa Marsh Saltbush * Atriplex prostrata Hastate Orache * Chenopodium album Fat Hen ARI Flora Research Page 100 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous Goosefoot * Chenopodium murale Sowbane Chenopodium spp. Goose foot Einadia nutans ssp. nutans Nodding Saltbush Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby Saltbush Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort Sclerostegia arbuscula Shrubby Glasswort Suaeda australis Austral Seablite Threlkeldia diffusa Coast Bonefruit Clusiaceae Hypericum gramineum Small St John's Wort * Hypericum tetrapterum Square-stem St John's Wort Convolvulaceae Dichondra repens Kidney-weed Crassulaceae Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Spreading Crassula Crassula helmsii Swamp Crassula Crassula sieberiana Sieber Crassula Crassula sieberiana ssp. tetramera Australian Stonecrop Droseraceae Drosera macrantha Climbing Sundew Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall Sundew Drosera spp. No Common Name Epacridaceae Acrotriche serrulata Honey-pots Astroloma humifusum Cranberry Heath Cyathodes juniperina Crimson Berry Epacridaceae spp. No Common Name Epacris impressa Common Heath Leucopcigon australis Spike Beard-heath Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heath Lissanthe strigosa ssp. subulata Peach Heath Monotoca glauca Currant-wood Euphorbiaceae * Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge Phyllanthus gunnii Shrubby Spurge Fabaceae Aotus ericoides Common Aotus Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea Desmodium gunnii Southern Tick-trefoil * Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine Kennedia prostrata Running Postman * Lotus angustissimus Slender Bird's-foot Trefoil * Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil * Medicago polymorpha Burr Medic * Melilotus indicus Sweet Melilot Pultenaea daphnoides Large-leaf Bush-pea Pultenaea tenuifolia Slender Bush-pea Swainsona lessertiifolia Coast Swainson-pea * Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Narrow-leaf Clover * Trifolium arvense var. arvense Hare's-foot Clover ARI Flora Research Page 101 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover * Trifolium glomeratum Cluster Clover * Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover * Trifolium spp. Clover * Ulex europaeus Gorse * Vicia saliva ssp. nigra Narrow-leaf Vetch * Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Vetch * Vicia spp. No Common Name Fumariaceae * Fumaria muralis ssp. muralis Wall Fumitory Gentianaceae * Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury * Centaurium spp. Centaury * Centaurium tenuiflorum Branched Centaury * Cicendia quadrangularis Square Cicendia Sebaea ovata Yellow Sebaea Geraniaceae * Geranium molle Dovesfoot Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil Cranesbill Geranium solanderi s.1. Austral Cranesbill Geranium sp. 3 Pale-flower Cranesbill Geranium sp. 4 Rough Cranesbill Geranium spp. Crane's Bill Goodeniaceae Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat Haloragaceae Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort Gonocarpus teucrioides s.s. Germander Raspwort Lauraceae Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel Linaceae Linum marginale Native Flax * Linum trigynum French Flax Loranthaceae Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe Amyemaspp. Mistletoe Lythraceae Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loosestrife Malvaceae Lawrencia spicata Salt Lawrencia * Malva parviflora Small-flower Mallow Menyanthaceae Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flower Villarsia spp. No Common Name Mimosaceae # Acacia longifolia var. longifolia Sallow Wattle # Acacia longifolia var. sophorae Coast Wattle Acacia meamsii Black Wattle Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood Acacia stricta Hop Wattle ARI Flora Research Page 102 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses * Paraserianthes lophantha ssp. lophantha Cape Wattle Myoporaceae # Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla Myrtaceae # Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus Southern Blue Gum Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana Coast Manna-gum Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree # Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-tree Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata Moonah Melaleuca parvistaminea Rough-barked Honey-myrtle Onagraceae Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herb Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herb Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herb Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herb Epilobium spp. Willow Herb Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata s.I. Yellow Wood-sorrel Oxalis rubens Rufous Wood-sorrel Oxalis spp. Wood-sorrel Phytolaccaceae * Phytolacca octandra Red-ink Weed Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria # Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum Plantaginaceae * Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain * Plantago coronopus ssp. coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain Plantago hispida Hairy Plantain * Plantago lanceolata Rib wort * Plantago major Greater Plantain Plantago spp. No Common Name Plantago varia Variable Plantain Plumbaginaceae Limonium australe Yellow Sea-lavender Polygalaceae Comesperma volubile Love Creeper Polygonaceae * Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum Rumex bidens Mud Dock Rumex brownii Slender Dock * Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock * Rumex crispus Curled Dock Rumex spp. Dock Portulacaceae Neopaxia australasica White Purslane Primulaceae ARI Flora Research Page 103 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed Proteaceae Banksia integrifolia var. integrifolia Coast Banksia Ranunculaceae Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis Ranunculus amphitrichus Small River Buttercup Ranunculus pumilio Ferny Small-flower Buttercup Ranunculus sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. sessiliflorus Annual Buttercup Ranunculus spp. Buttercup Rhamnaceae Pomaderris elliptica ssp. elliptica Smooth Pomaderris Pomaderris paniculosa ssp. paralia Coast Pomaderris Rosaceae Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee Acaena ovina Australian Sheep's Burr Acaena spp. Sheep's Burr * Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn * Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar * Rubus fruticosus spp. agg. Blackberry Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf Bramble Rubiaceae Asperula conferta Common Woodruff Asperula scoparia Prickly Woodruff Asperula spp. Woodruff Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush * Coprosma repens Mirror-bush * Galium aparine Cleavers Galium australe Tangled Bedstraw * Galium murale Small Bedstraw Galium propinquum Maori Bedstraw Galium spp. No Common Name Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed Rutaceae Correa alba White Correa Zieria arborescens Stinkwood Santalaceae Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart Exocarpos strictus Pale-fruit Ballart Sapindaceae # Dodonaea viscosa Sticky Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. cuneata Wedge-leaf Hop-bush Dodonaea viscosa ssp. spatulata Spoon-leaf Hop-bush Scrophulariaceae Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flower Veronica calycina Hairy Speedwell Veronica gracilis Slender Speedwell Veronica plebeia Trailing Speedwell Solanaceae * Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn Solanum aviculare Kangaroo Apple ARI Flora Research Page 104 June 2000 Botanical Survey and Vegetation Mapping of the Phillip Island Nature Park * Solanum linnaeanum Apple of Sodom * Solanum nigrum s.l. Black Nightshade * Solanum nigrum s.s. Black Nig~tshade Solanum opacum Green-berry Nightshade Solanum spp. Nightshade Stylidiaceae Stylidium graminifolium Grass Trigger-plant Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flower Pimelea serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme Rice-flower Urticaceae Parietaria debilis s.l. Shade Pellitory Parietaria debilis s.s. Shade Pellitory Urtica incisa Scrub Nettle Violaceae Hymenanthera dentata s.s. Tree Violet Viola hederacea s.l. Ivy-leaf Violet ARI Flora Research Page 105 June 2000