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CHAPTER II

THE LINGUISTIC FORMS AND LINGUISTIC FUNCTIONS OF ENGLISH POLITICS REGISTER FOUND IN POLITICAL COLUMN OF JAKARTA POST NEWSPAPER

This chapter the writer tells about that this research illustrates how the register in English for Politics in "Jakarta Post” Newspaper can be integrated into linguistic phenomenon. Specifically, this research investigates the linguistic forms and functions of English political column in “Jakarta Post” Newspaper. Detail examination of linguistic phenomenon is described in this chapter. This chapter comprises two main parts of subchapters, namely finding, and discussion (data analysis). All the data in this research are taken from politics column in “Jakarta Post” Newspaper that published in March 20, 21, 22, 2014 edition.

2.1. Findings There are several finding of this research first the politic registers found in political column of “Jakarta Post” newspaper are categorized into several linguistic form. However, not all linguistic form are found it is found in political column them from: 2.1.1. The Jakarta post, Thursday March 20, 2014 This is the first newspaper, the linguistic form found here such as noun (Campaign, Candidate, Citizenship, Coalition, Democracy, Democratic Party, Deputy, Election, Executive, Government, Indicator, Justice party, Majority, Member, Ministry, National, National mandate, Parliamentary, Policy, Politician, Politics, Poll, Representatives, Vote), verb (Capitalize, Implemented, Nomination, Participating), Adjective (Economic, Ethical, Presidential, Public, Regulations). And then registers are found in several linguistic functions, they are in The Jakarta post, Thursday March 20, 2014 as a subject (democracy, government, indicator, and polls), predicate (capitalize, implemented, and participating), object (campaign, coalition, Economic, ethical, member, ministry, national, parliamentary, and representative), object complement (policy and presidential), subject complement (candidate, citizenship, 23

democratic party, deputy, election, executive, justice party, majority, national mandate, nomination, politician, politics, public and vote). 2.1.2. In The Jakarta post, Friday March 21, 2014 The second register are found in several linguistic form including Noun (Agenda, Branches, Campaign, Candidate, Citizens, Coalition, Constituency, Council, Democracy, Democratic, Party, Deputy, Diplomat, Education, Elections, Ethnicity, Executive, General, Elections, Government, Health programs, House of Representatives, Judicial, review, Justice, Members, Mandate, Military, Minster, Nation, National, Nomination, Platforms, Pledge, Police, Political, Politician, Politics, Pollsters, Presidential, Public, Representative, Republic, Society, Voters, Votes), Verb (cause, Financing, Influencing), Adjective (Agricultural, Civil, Constitutional, Electoral, Independent, Major, Mayor, Political, Right, State). Several linguistic function also found in here follows subject (constitutional, council, democratic party, ethnicity, executive, judicial review, major, mandate, national), predicate (cause, influence, and pledge), object (agenda, campaign, education, health program, house of representative, members, politics, public, state, votes, and voters), object complement (agricultural, branches, elections, general elections, government, nation, nomination, platform, and police), subject complement (candidate, citizens, civil, coalition, constituency, democracy, deputy, diplomat, electoral, financing, independent, justice, mayor, military, minister, political, politician, pollster, presidential, representative, republic, rights, and society). 2.1.3. The Jakarta post, Saturday March 22, 2014 As the last newspaper also found some of linguistic form like Noun (Campaign, Candidate, Coalition, Council, Delegation, Democracy, Democratic Party, Education, Elections, Enterprises, Environment, Finance, Government, House of Representatives, Justice, Mandate, Member, Minister, National, Nomination, Philosophy, Platform, Political, Politician, Politics, Public, Regional, Representative, Revenue, Society, Votes, Voters), Adjective (Constitutional, Diplomatic, Independent, Populist, Presidential, Rights, State). As last newspaper also found several linguistic function such as subject (candidate, coalition, constitutional, council, democratic party, enterprises, 24

minister, national mandate, political, presidential, representative, society and voters), object (democracy, diplomatic, elections, house of representatives, justice, mandate, platform, and politician), object complement (campaign, delegation, education, finance, government, member, nomination philosophy, public, regional, and rights), subject complement (environment, independent, politics, populist, revenue and votes), Adverbial (state). It means that all the linguistic form and linguistic function are found.

2.2. Data Analysis 2.2.1. The Jakarta post, Thursday March 20, 2014 2.2.1.1. Poll Watchdogs overwhelmed by scale of violations (Politics Colum) 1. At the campaign season entered its fourth day on Wednesday, election watchdogs said campaign violations had became so widespread they were virtually impossible to deal with. From sentence above, the register found in data 1 there are campaign and election. Campaign as a noun, because it is combined with word “season” which is recognized an adjective it also can called as collective nouns because this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of properties of some individuals‟ noun. It also has function as object in the sentence above. Then the second register found in data 1 is election, election has form linguistic as a noun. Election as a subject complement because election as a predicative which expression that complements the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it, and this include predicate noun.

2. In the city of Bengkulu, six out of 12 political parties contesting the April 9 legislative election have been reprimanded by the provincial capital‟s general Election Monitoring Body (Banwaslu) for putting up campaign advertisements not in compliance with the General Elections Commission‟s (KPU) regulations. The politics register found in data 2 is political. In the sentence above political has a form adjective. The word political describing the main word syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase that is legislative. This registers has function as a subject complement which follow verbs of 25

being or linking verbs and serves to explain or refer to the subject of the sentence.

3. The six parties were the Gerindra Party, the National Mandate party (PAN), the prosperous Justice party (PKS), the Democratic party, the Golkar Party and the Crescent Star Party (PBB), Election Supervisory Committee (Panwaslu) Bengkulu member Fatimah Siregar said. Data 3 has five politics register there are national mandate, Democratic Party, election, justice party and member. National mandate, justice party and Democratic Party there are compound word of noun, usually devoted to the specificity of an object. And everyone also knows that it is an abbreviation of the party name. Democratic Party, National Mandate, prosperous Justice those have formed linguistic as a noun, this could be categorized as a proper noun. Those have linguistic function as subject complement, can called as predicate noun which describes parties. Then the politics register is member¸ member has forms as noun. Member also can call as collective nouns. This is a combination of several human; this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of the properties of some of the individual noun. This registers as object.

4. In Yogyakarta, the province‟s Banwaslu reprimanded Youth and sports Minister Roy Suryo Notodiprojo, who is also a Democrat legislative Candidate for putting up banners that failed to comply with regulations. Beside the sentence above, the register found are candidate and regulations. Candidate as a noun, because candidate constitute a person usually called collective nouns. Candidate has linguistic function as subject complement which a predicative expression that follows complements the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it Whereas regulation as an adjective, where regulation describing about putting up banners which as noun. Regulation as predicate adjective which describing subject.

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5. In Palu, Central Sulawesi, 5,767 unregistered voters were discovered, despite registration being open since February, furthermore 2,130 registered voters were found not to have valid citizenship numbers. Data 5 only has one form linguistics is citizenship which as a noun. Citizenship in here has linguistic function as subject complement where citizenship as predicate noun which describing subject.

2.2.2.4. A bumpy road for Prabowo despite Gerindra‟s rise (Politics Colum) 6. In its maiden election outing in 2009, however, the party only garnered 4.5 percent of the vote and finished eighth, forcing Prabowo to accept the offer from Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) chairwoman Megawati Soekarnoputri to become her running mate in the 2009 presidential election. The politic register based on sentence above is presidential; presidential has form linguistic as an adjective because in here presidential describing election which has form linguistic as a noun. Presidential has functioned as object complement because presidential follows the object.

7. Law No. 42/2008 on the presidential election stipulates that only a political party, or coalition, that has garnered 20 percent of legislative seats or 25 percent of the popular vote in the legislative election is eligible to contest the presidential election. In data 7 found two politic registers there are coalition and vote. Coalition has form linguistic as a noun, in here include to collective noun because collective noun is combination of several human and coalition including into them, coalition has function as an object which follows the main verb. And then Vote as noun, vote have synonym ballot and has function as subject complement.

8. “Gerindra must secure a significant number of House of Representatives seats to provide solid legislative support for the anticipated [presidential] leadership of Pak Prabowo,” he said. From sentence above, the register found in data 8 is Representatives. Representative has form linguistic as a noun, because representative is a 27

combination of several human. This register usually called as a collective noun. A representative has function as object which refers a part of a clause or sentence which follows the main verb and corresponds to the subject.

9. “Prabowo and I, and the other [Gerindra] founders, realized that if good people refused to get involved in politics, the country‟s politics would be full of corrupt, villainous and evil people,” Hashim said. The politic register based on sentence above is Politics. Politics as a noun which have synonym government, affairs of state, public affairs, diplomacy. First politics has function as object and the second politics has function as subject complement.

2.2.1.3. Politics Won‟t Temper Lion Air‟s Ambitions: Rusdi Kirana (Politics Colum) 10. Rusdi Kirana, chief executive of Indonesia‟s largest privately run airline Lion Air, is about to embark on a political career with the unlikeliest of partners, but that won‟t deter him from growing his business at one of the world‟s most ambitious paces. Based on sentence above the politic register is Executive. Executive has form linguistic as an adjective, and the people can know that is explanation about chief. Executive in here has function as subject complement.

11. In January, Rusdi raised some concerns among investors when he unexpectedly joined the small Islamic National Awakening Party (PKB), which has since raised eyebrows by picking as its presidential candidate an ageing pop star and polygamist who won some notoriety by once advising fellow believers not to vote for a non-Muslim. The politic register is National awaking; national awaking as a noun and it is compound nouns this is usually intended for the specificity of an object and certainly the name of party. National awaking has a function as object which refers a part of a clause or sentence which normally follows the main verb.

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12. The 50-year-old Rusdi captured international attention and some disbelief when he announced record purchases of jets from Boeing and Airbus as he sought to capitalize on a rise in internal travel by Indonesia‟s rapidly growing consumer class, as well as to compete regionally and internationally with Southeast Asian rivals like Malaysia‟s AirAsia. The politics register found in data 12 is Capitalize. Capitalize has form linguistic as a verb, because in there declare an act. Capitalize as a verb based sentence above.

13. He opted for the small PKB, where he is now deputy head, because of its pluralistic bent. From sentence above, the register found in data is deputy. Deputy has form linguistic as a noun, because deputy is a combination of several human and this register usually called as a collective noun and has function as subject complement.

14. Opinion polls suggest PKB has no hope of winning the presidency in July and the party is expected to fare only modestly in April‟s parliamentary elections. In the date 14 found two politic register there are Polls and parliamentary. The politic register poll has form linguistic as a noun. And Parliamentary also as a noun, because combination of several human. A poll has function as a subject and parliamentary has function as object.

2.2.1.4. Gerindra mulls pairing KPK chief with party patron Prabowo (Politics Colum) 15. Abraham is high up on the list of politician and public officials deemed qualified to be the running mate for prabowo. Based on sentence above found two politic register there are Politician and public. Politician has form linguistic as a noun and can call as a common noun, noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Then the next politic register is Public, public in here as an adjective because this registers describing a noun that is officials. Politician has function as subject complement and public also as subject complement. 29

2.2.1.5. Jokowi sued for presidential bid (Politics Colum) 16. The lawyers, who supported Jokowi and his deputy, Basuki “Ahok” Tjahaja Purnama, during the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election, are demanding that Jokowi give up his presidential nomination and fulfill his promise to complete his five-year term in the capital. The politic register based on the above sentence is Nomination, Nomination as a verb because in there declare act or conduct. Nomination based on sentence above has function as predicate.

17. Debates on whether it is ethical for Jokowi to run for the presidency have been circulating in many social media outlets. Data 18 only has one form linguistics is ethical which as an adjective. Ethical in here appoint to explain someone. Ethical has functioned as object which refers a part of sentence.

18. Despite the criticism on social media sites regarding Jokowi‟s intention to step down as governor if he wins the election, a recent survey by the Jakarta-based pollster, Indicator Politic Indonesia, revealed that a majority of Indonesians — both within and outside Jakarta — approved of his leadership style and supported his presidential bid. From sentence above found politic register there are indicators, politic and majority. Indicator has form linguistic as a noun and majority also as a noun. Indicator can also called as an abstract noun because this type of nouns can not be touched with the five senses then majority also like that, this is formed from the noun itself. Indicator and politic has function as subject complement and majority also subject complement.

19. “It‟s OK in a democracy. Pros and cons are normal things in a democratic country,” he said. In the data 20 only one politic register is Democracy. Democracy has linguistic as a noun. Democracy has function as subject.

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2.2.1.6. Children exploited in political campaigns (Politics Colum) 20. In its report, which was submitted to the Election Supervisory Committee (Bawaslu) on Wednesday, the KPAI found as many as 87 cases of children participating in the campaign activities of all 12 political parties contesting the legislative election. The politic register in data 21 is Participating, Participating has form linguistic as a noun. This registers as predicate.

2.2.1.7. Political ads moratorium: Lessons learned 21. It is undeniable that elections provide various economic benefits, from pamphlet and poster production to catering and even entertainment. Based on above sentence the politic register is Economic, Economic as an adjective because describing a noun that is benefit, and has function as object.

22. As a result, it will be ineffective as many political parties and candidates have advertised themselves in the media long before the moratorium was implemented. The politic register is Implemented, Implemented has form linguistic as a verb because declare an act and function linguistic as predicate.

23. If the government wants to implement the moratorium seriously, it must promote a proper checks and balances system. In data 24 the politic register is Government, Government has form linguistic as a noun can called as collective noun that nouns are used to show the unity of the nature of some of the individual noun. This registers has function linguistic as subject.

2.2.1.8. Suspects in hajj fund graft case to be announced soon: KPK (Politics Colum) 24. On Wednesday, the KPK questioned the ministry‟s director general for the haj and umrah (minor hajj) Anggito Abimanyu as a witness in the case. 31

The politic register in date 25 is Ministry’s, Ministry’s as a noun. Then this register can called as collective noun because combination of some humans, these nouns are used to show the unity of the nature of some of the individual noun. Politic register based on sentence above has function as object.

25. Arriving at KPK headquarters, Anggito, who was the former head of the Fiscal Policy Agency at the Finance Ministry, brought along haj pilgrimage program financial reports to be submitted to KPK investigators. The last data in The Jakarta post, Thursday March 20, 2014 (Politics Colum) is Policy, Policy has form linguistic as a noun. This register can called as common noun that noun that shows an object in general or specific. Policy based on sentence above has function as object complement.

2.2.2. The Jakarta post, Friday March 21, 2014 2.2.2.1. Jokowi woos Muhammadiyah ahead of polls (Politics Colum) 1. Jakarta Governor and Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) presidential candidate Joko “Jokowi” Widodo spent his afternoon break on Thursday visiting the headquarters of Muhammadiyah, the country‟s second- largest Muslim organization, in a move to attract Muslim voters ahead of the upcoming general and presidential elections. From the sentence above found the politic register there are Democratic Party, presidential, candidate, voters’ and election. Democratic Party is compound word of noun usually devoted to the specificity of an object, democratic party is one of the party name. Then presidential has form linguistic as an adjective because in here presidential describing candidate which has form linguistic as a noun. The third politic register in data 1 Candidate as a noun, because candidate constitute a person usually called collective nouns. Voters’ as the politic register fourth in date 1, voter’s as a noun because combination of several human. The last politic register in data 1 is Elections, election as a noun and can called as abstract noun because this noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined then This noun formed from the verb. 32

Democratic Party has function as subject, then the second registers is presidential which has function as subject complement and actually presidential in here combination with word candidate, then the voters as object and the last registers is election has function as object complement.

2. Din, however, denied speculation that his request for Jokowi to lead the prayer was a sign that Muhammadiyah officially supported Jokowi‟s presidential nomination. The politic register in data 2 is Nomination, Nomination in here as a noun. The people know that nomination associated with human, nomination as common noun that noun that shows an object in general. Based on sentence above nomination has function linguistic as object complement.

3. We always ask our honored guests to be an imam at our prayer gatherings,” Din said, adding that Muhammadiyah was an independent organization that was prohibited from affiliating with any party. Based on above sentence found Independent as politic register, independent has for linguistic as an adjective which describing organization as a noun. Independent can call as predicate adjective which describe subject or call as subject complement.

4. He did say, however, that a significant number of Muhammadiyah members had shown an interest in supporting Jokowi‟s candidacy. Member are political registers are found in the data 5. Member has forms as noun; Member also can call as collective nouns. This is a combination of several human; this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of the properties of some of the individual noun. Member based on sentence above as object.

5. “We talked about education and health programs, since those are among the core problems faced by Muhammadiyah‟s members,” he said. There are two political registers found that education and health program. Education as a noun and can called as abstract noun because this noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be 33

imagined then this noun formed from the noun then Health program also has form linguistic as a noun. Based sentence above education and health program has function as object.

6. Jokowi‟s presidential nomination is also expected to help boost the PDI-P‟s performance in the April 9 legislative election, according to some pollsters. The politic register pollsters has form linguistic as a noun, because combination of several human. Pollster based on sentence above has function as subject complement . 7. Every presidential candidate needs to approach major organizations to show that he or she is in harmony with the supporters of those organizations,” he said. The politic register found in data 7 is Major, Major as an adjective. Major here said as an adjective because major describing organization as a noun. Major has function as subject complement.

8. But he needs not only to think about winning the election but also how to create a solid and effective government, should he win the presidency,” he said. In data 8 the politic register is Government, Government has form linguistic as a noun can called as collective noun that nouns are used to show the unity of the nature of some of the individual noun. Government based on sentence above has function linguistic as object complement.

2.2.2.2. Court upholds presidential nominating threshold (Politics Colum) 9. The Constitutional Court ruled on Thursday that a rule in the 2008 Presidential Election Law requiring political parties to win 20 percent of seats or 25 percent of the popular vote in the legislative election to field a presidential candidate would be upheld, thus dashing the hopes of plaintiff Yusril Ihza Mahendra, a presidential aspirant from the minor Crescent Star Party (PBB). There are three politic registers namely constitutional, political and candidate. Constitutional has form linguistic as an adjective because 34

constitutional describing court which has form linguistic as a noun. The second is Political, political also has form linguistic as an adjective which describing noun that is parties. The last politic register in data 9 is Candidate which has form linguistic as a noun because candidate constitutes a person usually called collective nouns. Based on sentence above, constitutional has function as subject, then political as subject complement and last register is candidate as object.

10. The threshold can only apply if the elections are held on different dates, a scenario the court in its January ruling said must occur this year as it was too late in the game to change the electoral schedule without causing chaos. Beside on above sentence there are found two politic register are Electoral and causing. Electoral has form linguistic as an adjective, electoral describing schedule. Then next politic register causing as a verb because declare an act. Electoral has functioned as subject complement and causing as predicate.

11. “The essence of the plaintiff‟s argument was weighed by the court [in the January ruling], although it was not given explicitly,” Justice Harjono said on Thursday, reading out the ruling. The politics register found in data 11 is Justice; in the sentence above justice has form as a noun and this register could be categorized as a proper noun. Justice based on sentence above has function as subject complement.

12. In January, in a judicial review filed by political communication expert Effendi Gazali and the Coalition of Civil Society for Simultaneous Elections-Indonesia, the court ruled it was unconstitutional to hold the legislative and presidential elections on different dates. Based the sentence above, the politic registers found are judicial review, review, coalition, civil, and society. Judicial review has form linguistic as a noun, can called as abstract noun and form of verb. The second register in data 12 that is Coalition which has form linguistic as a noun, in here include to collective noun because collective noun is combination of several human and 35

coalition including into them. And then the next register is Civil, civil as an adjective because this registers describing society as a noun. The last is Society which has form linguistic as a noun because constitute a person usually called collective nouns. Based sentence above, judicial review has function as subject, then coalition of civil society is compound words which has function as subject complement.

13. “[The decision] to impose simultaneous elections in 2019 and in future elections [but not in 2014] is not solely based on the consideration of technical readiness during the election preparations by the General Elections Commission [KPU], as laid out in the plaintiff‟s argument,” Harjono added. The data 13 found politic register that is General election; general election has form linguistic as a noun formed from the verb included into the category of abstract noun. General election based on sentence above has function as object complement. 14. In reading out the ruling, he went on to say that the threshold rule would not be scrapped from the law, as it would become irrelevant when the state began holding the elections simultaneously. The data 14 found politic register that is State, state here concerned with the civil government of a country which has form linguistic as an adjective. Based on sentence above, state has function as object.

15. Additionally, Yusril accused the court of meddling with politics, since although the ruling on Effendi‟s petition was actually made in March 2013 when it was still early enough to change the electoral schedule, the court didn‟t read it out until January 2014. Politic register based on sentence above is Politics, Politics as a noun. This register include into abstract noun because noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined and this register form of verb. Politics based on sentence above as object.

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16. The major political parties, which can muster the seats and votes to pass the threshold, breathed a sigh of relief, while small parties slammed it. Here found two politic registers namely major and vote. Major has form linguistic as an adjective because this registers describing political parties which have form linguistic as a noun. Then the next politic registers that is Vote, vote as a noun which included in the category of abstract noun formed from the verb. Based on sentence above, major is compound word with political parties that call as noun phrase “the major political parties” which has function as subject, then vote has function as object.

2.2.2.3. 23 candidates touted to become new RI ambassadors (Politics Colum) 17. President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has put forth the names of 23 candidates as his picks for Indonesia‟s new envoys to foreign nations. Based on above sentence found politic register namely Nations, nations has form linguistic as a noun. This register can call as a proper noun that indicates the places. Nations based on sentence above has function as object complement.

18. Among the candidates are United Development Party (PPP) executive Ahmad Chozin Chumaidi for Lebanon, as well as former Golkar Party lawmaker Aulia Aman Rachman for the Czech Republic, who was once questioned by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). Accordance with the above sentence found two politic registers there are executive and the republic. Executive has form linguistic as a noun, and the people can know that is common noun, noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Then is Republic that ha forms linguistic as a noun, this register including into abstract politic which formed from the adjective. Executive based on sentence above is predicate noun which describes subject, and then republic also has function as subject complement.

19. Java Jazz Festival founder and businessman Peter F. Gontha (for Poland), former Indonesian Military (TNI) officials Totok Riyanto (for Brazil) and 37

Hotmangaradja Panjaitan (for France) and Deputy Foreign Minister Wardana (for Turkey), along with a number of career diplomats, are also among the envoy candidates. Here are found three politic register namely Military, deputy, and diplomats. Military as a noun, and the people can know that is common noun, noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. The second registers in data 19 that is Deputy, Deputy has form linguistic as a noun, because deputy is a combination of several human and this register usually called as a collective noun. And the last is Diplomats, diplomats as a noun and have an explanation as deputy. Based on sentence above military, deputy, diplomat has functioned as subject complement (military, deputy, diplomats as predicate noun).

20. Presidential spokesman Teuku Faizasyah, who is also on the list for the Canadian post, refused to confirm any information, including in regard to hearings announced by the House of Representatives. From sentence above, the register found in data 20 is Representatives. Representative has form linguistic as a noun, because representative is a combination of several human. This register usually called as a collective noun. Representative based on sentence above has function as subject complement.

21. However, she added that some countries could be more suitable for those with military or police backgrounds. The politic register in date 21 is Policy; Policy has form linguistic as a noun. This register can call as common noun that noun that shows an object in general or specific. Policy has function as object complement.

22. “They may fit the profiles. For example, Comr. Gen. [ret.] Ito Sumardi in Myanmar where the military junta remains strong, or Lt. Gen. [ret.] Johny Lumintang in the Philippines and Comr. Gen. [ret.] Nurfaizi in Egypt, due to the security matters faced by our citizens there,” she said. 38

The sentence above only found 1politic registers that is Citizens, citizen as a noun which can call as collective noun that noun expresses a collection or group of people. Citizen based on sentence above has function as subject complement.

2.2.2.4. PAN aims high despite declining influence (Politics Colum) 23. The National Mandate Party (PAN) remains confident that it will be an influential force in 2014 despite the fact that its popularity and influence has declined due to its lack of prominent and influential figures. Data 23 has two politic registers there are National mandate and influence. National mandate is compound word of noun, usually devoted to the specificity of an object and this could be categorized as a proper noun beside that everyone also knows that it is an abbreviation of the party name. The next politic registers is Influence which has form linguistic as a verb because declare an act. Based sentence above national mandate has functioned as subject, then the next registers is influence which has functioned as predicate.

24. “Our financing is not much, maybe around Rp 5 million [US$436.82] per entrepreneur, but this is enough to start a business. Data 24 only has one form linguistics is financing which as a noun. Financing based n sentence above has function as subject complement, (financing is describe subject).

25. However, while PAN celebrities managed to secure House seats, the party had to endure the fact that some of its best politicians lost their legislative positions. Based on sentence above found only one politic register that is Politician, Politician has form linguistic as a noun and can call as a common noun, noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Politician as subject complement (politician is predicate noun).

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2.2.2..5 PKB to prove that Islam is open to everyone: Muhaimin (Politics Colum) 26. Muhaimin, who is also the manpower and transmigration minister, recently spoke with The Jakarta Post’s Nurfika Osman over his party’s election target and strategies. The politic register in date 26 is minister; minister has form linguistic as a noun. This register can call as common noun that noun that shows an object in general or specific. Minister based on sentence above as subject complement where minister describe subject.

27. What are the issues that you plan to promote during your campaign? From sentence above, the register found in data 27 that is campaign. Campaign as a noun, it also can called as collective nouns because this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of properties of some individuals‟ noun. Campaign has function as object.

28. We will also be promoting the establishment of infrastructure to boost the agricultural sector, such as reservoirs, and promoting ways to ensure that state budget funds are used efficiently so as to keep the agreed budget on target. In Data 28 only found one politics register that is Agricultural, Agricultural has form linguistic as an adjective which describing sector that has form linguistic as a noun. Based on sentence above agricultural has function as object complement.

29. Yes, the Nahdliyin are still the largest constituent of our party but we are also targeting grassroot Muslims — those on low incomes. Beside the sentence above found one politic register that is Constituent, Constituent has form linguistic as a noun which can call as abstract noun. Constituent as subject complement, which this word describing subject.

30. First, we want to prove to the general public that the PKB is an Islamic party that is open to everyone, that we are inclusive; and it is not only stated in our vision but also in reality. 40

In the date 30 found one politic register that is Public, Public has form linguistic as a noun included into the collective noun because noun that expresses a collection or group of people. Public has function as object.

31. Our target is to secure 100 seats in the House of Representatives and everything we are doing is right on track. There are found two politic register there are House of Representatives and right. House of representative as a noun and include into Common Noun that a noun which indicates an object in general or unspecified. And then is Right which has form linguistic as an adjective that describing everything. House of representative has function as object.

2.2.2.4. Disqualified parties file for election dispute 32. They were disqualified for failing to meet the deadline for submitting their campaign fund reports to the General Elections Commission‟s (KPU) regional branches. Data 32 only has one form linguistic that is Branches, Branches as a noun and the people can know that include into abstract noun which formed of noun. Branches based on sentence above have function as object complement.

33. Besides the disqualified parties, 35 candidates for the Regional Representatives Council (DPD) seats were also disqualified after they failed to meet the deadline in submitting their campaign fund reports. There are found two politic register there are Regional and council. Regional has form linguistic as an adjective, there describing representative as a noun, but actually it is a compound word that has one meaning and if the words incorporated so it becomes noun. Then council as a noun and of course it is also a compound word as described above. Both of these registers are a combination of word which has function as subject.

2.2.2.7. Bawaslu to monitor potential abuse of recess allowances (Politics Colum) 41

34. The coalition comprises the Indonesia Budget Center (IBC), the Indonesian Community for Democracy (KID) and Indonesian Parliament Watch (Formappi). In the data 34 only one politic register is Democracy. Democracy has linguistic as a noun and can call as abstract noun that noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined. Democracy has function as subject complement.

2.2.2.8. Parties pledge to get real in campaigns 35. Acknowledging that voters may become overwhelmed by outdoor political campaigning, some political parties have said they are considering cutting back on entertainment and public speeches to focus on the dissemination of their platforms. In data 35 found one politic registers that is Platforms, Platforms has form linguistic as a noun and can call as common noun. Then platform has function as object complement.

36. “Throughout Indonesia‟s history, no political party has ever used public campaigns to disseminate their platform and political agenda. Based on above sentence found one politic register that is Agenda, Agenda has form linguistic as a noun which include into abstract noun and this registers formed of noun. The agenda based on sentence above has function as object.

2.2.2.4. Jokowi, smear campaigns and „#akurapopo‟ (Politics Colum) 37. It‟s the time of the season again, when religion and ethnicity are being bandied around to attack political candidates. There found one politic register that is Ethnicity, ethnicity has form linguistic as a noun and include into collective noun because noun that expresses a collection or group of people. Ethnicity in here has function as subject.

38. In the Jakarta gubernatorial election two years ago, the former Surakarta mayor and his running mate Basuki “Ahok” Tjahaja Purnama, an Indonesian of 42

Chinese descent, faced similar attacks, including from self-styled king of dangdut Rhoma Irama, who said that Jakarta should not be led by a non- Muslim. The last data in The Jakarta post, Friday March 21, 2014 that is Mayor, Mayor has form linguistic as a noun. Mayor can also called as an abstract noun because this type of nouns can not be touched with the five senses, this is formed from the noun itself. Mayor has function as subject complement because mayor in here describes subject.

2.2.3. The Jakarta post, Saturday March 22, 2014 2.2.3.1. Jokowi looks for Muslim support (Politics Colum) 1. With religious sentiment believed to still play a significant role in the nation‟s politics, presidential hopeful Joko “Jokowi” Widodo — widely seen as a typical Javanese abangan, or nominal Muslim — has been working aggressively to garner support from the nation‟s Muslim leaders. Politic register based on sentence above there are Politics and presidential. Politics as a noun, this register include into abstract noun because noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined and this register form of verb. The second politic register based on above sentence is presidential, presidential has form linguistic as an adjective because in here presidential describing jokowi which has form linguistic as a noun. Based on sentence above politics has function as object complement, and presidential as subject.

2. In his second attempt to woo Muslim voters, the Jakarta governor and Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) nominee, paid a visit to the Central Java city of Rembang on Thursday night, to meet with influential Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) cleric Mustofa Bisri, known as Gus Mus — but this time without any high-profile media coverage. There are found two politic registers namely Voters‟ and Democratic Party. Voters’ as first the politic register in date 2, voter’s as a noun because 43

combination of several human. And then Democratic Party there are compound word of noun, usually devoted to the specificity of an object which has formed linguistic as a noun, this could be categorized as a proper noun., and everyone also knows that it is an abbreviation of the party name. Voters have function as object and then Democratic Party has function as subject.

3. Jokowi, according to media reports, also visited PDI-P politician and Kudus regent Musthofa on his way back to Jakarta. Based on sentence above found one politic register that is Politician, Politician has form linguistic as a noun and can call as a common noun, noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Politician in here has function as object.

4. “They [Jokowi and Gus Mus] discussed many things, including the country‟s religious affairs and how the government should handle them in the future,” said Nusron. In data 4 the politic register is Government, Government has form linguistic as a noun can called as collective noun that nouns are used to show the unity of the nature of some of the individual noun. Government based on sentence above has function as object complement.

5. As the chairman of NU‟s religious council, Gus Mus is considered one of the organization‟s most senior figures. There are found one politic register that is council, council has form linguistic as a noun, can call as common noun because noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Council has function as subject.

6. “If the PDI-P and Pak Jokowi manage to secure the people‟s mandate [to lead the country], NU and Muhammadiyah, along with other religious organizations, would become very important for the country in achieving its national goals,” Tjahjo said. 44

From the data 6 found one politic register that is Mandate, Mandate has form linguistic as a noun and include into abstract category because noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined. And then mandate has function as object.

7. However, after receiving the official PDI-P presidential nomination earlier this month, Jokowi has only a few more weeks to consolidate support for his party ahead of the April 9 legislative election. There are two politic register that are Nomination and election. Nomination as a noun because associated with human that real, fact. Then Election has form linguistic as a noun also. Nomination has function as subject and election as object complement.

8. Meanwhile, on Friday, leaders of political parties continued to woo supporters in different cities on the sixth day of the open campaign period. There are two politic registers there are Political and campaign. Political has form linguistic as an adjective because this registers describing leaders as a noun. The next politic register is Campaign which as a noun, it also can call as collective nouns because this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of properties of some individuals‟ noun. Based n sentence above political has function as subject and campaign as object complement.

9. In Malang, East Java, PKB chairman Muhaimin Iskandar served as the party‟s main campaigner, while National Mandate Party (PAN) chairman Hatta Rajasa took the lead for his party in Sumedang, West Java. Data 9 has five politics register that is national mandate; National mandate is compound word of noun, usually devoted to the specificity of an object. And everyone also knows that it is an abbreviation of the party name, National Mandate has form linguistic as a noun, and this could be categorized as a proper noun. Then national mandate has function as subject.

2.2.3.2. Minister orders probe into Usman-Harun stunt 45

10. Defense Minister Purnomo Yusgiantoro has said he regrets a diplomatic incident on Wednesday in which two Indonesian marines wore the names of the two perpetrators of a 1965 Singapore bombing, while on duty at an international defense event in Jakarta on Wednesday. The politic register in date 26 are minister and diplomatic. Minister has form linguistic as a noun, this register can call as common noun that noun that shows an object in general or specific. Then politic registers is Diplomatic has form linguistic as adjective because this register describing someone that is Purnomo Yusgiantoro which has form linguistic as a noun and include into proper noun. Based on sentence above minister has function as subject and diplomatic has function as object.

11. The minister said the incident at the Jakarta International Defense Dialogue (JIDD), which prompted the Singaporean delegation to walk out of the talks, was inappropriate and he had ordered the Navy to fully investigate the embarrassing behavior of the two Indonesian marines involved. There are found one politic register that is delegation, delegation has form linguistic as a noun, can call as common noun because noun that shows an object in general or unspecified. Based on sentence above delegation has function as object complement.

12. The men reportedly looked confident about their behavior and seemed to enjoy the public attention. In the date 12 found one politic register that is Public, Public has form linguistic as a noun included into the collective noun because noun that expresses a collection or group of people, then public has function as object complement.

13. A Singapore Foreign Affairs Ministry representative was quoted by the Straits Times as saying that Singapore was “concerned and disappointed over the incident” and that the Singapore armed forces “delegation at the JIDD withdrew from the event and returned to Singapore”. 46

From sentence above, the register found in data 13 is Representatives. Representative has form linguistic as a noun, because representative is a combination of several human. This register usually called as a collective noun, representative in here has function as subject.

2.2.3.3. PPP tries new recipe to stop the rot 14. “We are targeting 12 percent of the votes [in the election] and if party members can work much harder, maybe we‟ll manage to get up to 15 percent of the vote,” PPP chairman and presidential candidate Suryadharma Ali said at the party‟s national meeting in February. Data 14 has five politics register there member and candidate. Member has forms as noun, Member also can call as collective nouns. This is a combination of several human, this noun is used to demonstrate the unity of the properties of some of the individual noun. The next politic register is Candidate as a noun also, because candidate constitutes a person usually called collective nouns. Based on sentence above member has function as object complement and candidate has function as subject.

15. As a member of the coalition that forms President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono‟s administration, the PPP is entitled to two ministerial posts. In data 16 found one politic registers that is coalition, Coalition has form linguistic as a noun, in here include to collective noun because collective noun is combination of several human and coalition including into them and then the Coalition in here has function as subject.

16. Despite its decision to choose Islam as its platform, the PPP‟s official manifesto, however, says nothing of the implementation of sharia and instead promotes “the role of Islam as the moral guidance and source of inspiration for the life of the state”. In data 16 found one politic registers that is Platforms, Platforms has form linguistic as a noun and can call as common noun and based n sentence above platform has function as object.

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17. The manifesto also outlines the PPP‟s commitment to create prosperity, democracy and social justice. In the data 17 found two politic register there are Democracy and justice. Democracy has linguistic as a noun. Then justice has form as a noun and this register could be categorized as a proper noun. Both of these registers have function as object.

2.2.2.4. PKS sets up daycare near campaign site 18. Anis said the PKS involved children in campaigning as part of its early political education program. Based on above sentence the politic register is Education, Education as a noun and can called as abstract noun because this noun intangible, can not be seen, and can not be touched, but can only be imagined then this noun formed from the noun. Then education in here as object complement.

2.2.2.5. Voting for our president 19. It is time to turn things around and use the non-killing philosophy promoted by Prof. Glenn D. Paige. Power based on peace and love is doable. In data 19 found only one that is Philosophy¸ Philosophy as a noun and include into abstract noun. Philosophy in here has function as object.

20. Saint Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) taught that the best power comes from love, not from fear Based on above sentence found one politic register that is Society which has form linguistic as a noun because constitute a person usually called collective nouns. Society in here is compound word that the Society of Jesus as subject.

2.2.2.6. MK ready to handle election disputes 21. With new justices Wahiduddin Adams and Aswanto inaugurated on Friday, the Constitutional Court (MK) said it was ready to adjudicate election disputes, which are likely to arise following the legislative and presidential elections this year. 48

There are one politic registers namely constitutional, Constitutional has form linguistic as an adjective because constitutional describing court which has form linguistic as a noun. Constitutional has functioned as subject.

22. The court, which is struggling to repair its image following the arrest of former chief justice Akil Mochtar for rigging the results of several regional elections, said it was overwhelmed with election dispute cases after losing Akil, who is now standing trial for bribery and money laundering charges. The politic registers based on above sentence is Regional, Regional has form linguistic as an adjective. Based on sentence above this register is regional has function as object complement.

23. On Friday morning, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono swore in Wahiduddin, a former Law and Human Rights Ministry official, and Aswanto, a law lecturer, at the State Palace. In data 23 found two politic register there are Rights and state. Right has form linguistic as an adjective that describing about ministry which has formed linguistic as a noun. The next politic register is State here concerned with the place which has form linguistic as an adjective. Based on sentence above rights is compound word that Human Rights Ministry official has function as object complement, then state as adverbial.

24. The two new justices were elected by House of Representatives Commission III overseeing law and human rights earlier this month despite doubts from both activists and several commission members, who deemed most of the candidates unqualified. There are found one politic register there are House of Representatives, House of representative as a noun and include into Common Noun that a noun which indicates an object in general or unspecified. Then in here house of representative has function as object.

2.2.2.7. Political parties flaunt similar economic platforms 49

25. The economic platforms promoted by the 12 political parties for the upcoming legislative election are by and large similar, with many promising such populist programs as empowering farmers, securing food and energy security, developing small businesses and building more infrastructures to improve connectivity across this vast archipelagic country. Based on above sentence found one politic register that is Populist, which has form linguistic as an adjective because this register describes the program. Populist based on sentence above has function as subject complement.

26. The economic platforms of the major political parties also show a growing consensus that for enterprises to flourish and markets to function, there needs to be a set of enabling institutions — a conducive legal environment and an effective supervisory and regulatory infrastructure. There are found two politic registers there are Enterprises and environment. An enterprise has form linguistic as a noun and can call as common noun. The next politic register is Environment, this register also as a noun. Enterprises has function as subject, the next registers is environment as subject complement.

27. Suharso also stressed the need to change the law on state finances to allow for the doubling of fiscal deficit to 6 percent, of GDP, to raise the cap on government debt to a maximum of 49 percent of GDP and government debt- service ratio to 44 percent of export earnings. In data 27 found one politic register that is Finances, Finances has form linguistic as a noun and can call as abstract noun. Then finances have function as object complement.

28. An independent tax authority, like the United States‟ Internal Revenue Service (IRS), would be more effective in conducting a more concerted tax campaign and more efficient tax administration, as it would not be held hostage by rigid 50

assumptions on inflation and economic growth in setting tax receipt targets, according to Suharso. In the last data from The Jakarta post, Saturday March 22, 2014 that is Revenue, Revenue has form linguistic as a noun and include into abstract noun which formed from noun it self. Revenue in here has function as subject complement.

2.3. Discussion The findings from data analysis are put together into a unit of discussion. All findings are based on the problem statements. First, the researcher tries to find out the linguistic form and linguistic function the register of English newspaper of Jakarta post that published in March 20, 21,22 2014 edition. The politic registers found are able be classified into three word classes they are Noun, Verb and Adjective. According to Leech. G (2006: 72) Noun is A very large class of words which refer to entities (persons, things, substances, places and abstractions of various kinds) and also Traditional grammar defines a noun as a person, place, or thing. A noun is any word that can function as a subject. which belong to the noun based on data analyze above are Agriculture, Agenda, Branches, Campaign, Candidate, Citizenship, Coalition, Constituency, Council, Delegation, Democracy, Democratic party, Deputy, Diplomat, Education, Election, Enterprises, Environment, Ethnicity, Executive, Finance, financing, General Election, Government, Health programs, House of Representatives, Indicator, Influence, Judicial review, Justice party, Majority, Mandate, Member, Military, Minister, Ministry, National mandate, Nomination, Parliamentary, participating, Philosophy, platform, Police, Policy, Politician, Politic, Poll, Public, Representatives, Republic, Revenue, Society, Voter, Votes. Then about Verb, according to Leech. G (2006: 118) verb is a large class of words which indicate events and states of affairs, or which help qualify the reference of other verbs. Based on data analyze above which including into verb are capitalize, cause, implemented, influence. And the Adjective, According to Leech. G (2006: 6) Adjectives are a large class of words (for example, good, bad, new, accurate, careful) which define more 51

precisely the reference of a noun or pronoun. A typical adjective can occur before a noun. Based on data analyze there are some that are categorized as an adjective such as Agricultural, Civil, Constitutional, Diplomatic, Economic, Electoral, Ethical, Independent, National, political, Populist, Presidential, Public, Regulation, Regional, Right, and State. Besides finding linguistic form the writer also found linguistic function are Subject, Predicate, object, Subject Complement, Object complement and Adverbial. From the subject, According to Leech. G (2006: 108) that Subject the element of a clause or simple sentence which normally comes before the verb phrase and consists of a noun phrase. Of all the data that were analyzed contained multiple subject such candidate, coalition, Constitutional, council, Democracy, Democratic Party, enterprises, Ethnicity, Executive, government, indicator, judicial review, Major, mandate, minister, national, political, poll, presidential, representative, society, voters. Then predicate, According to Leech. G (2006: 89) that The part of a clause or simple sentence which follows the subject and which consists of the verb phrase together with elements relating to it. Which includes the predicate such capitalize, cause, implemented, influence, participating, and pledge. The next linguistic function as object, according to Leech. G (2006: 75) object is a part of a clause or sentence which normally follows the main verb and corresponds to the subject of a passive clause or sentence. Beside data analyze above which categorize as object such agenda, campaign, coalition, democracy, diplomatic, economic, education, elections, ethical, health program, house of representative, justice, mandate, member, ministry, national parliamentary, platform, politic, political, politician, public, representatives, state, voters, and votes. The next object complement, According to Leech. G (2006: 76) object complement is a complement which follows the object, and which describes some (putative) characteristic of what the object refers to. which belong to the object complement that branches, campaign, delegation, education, election, finance, general election, government, member, nation, nomination, platform, philosophy, police, policy, presidential, public, regional, and right. Besides object complement there is also subject complement, According to Leech. G (2006: 22) that this is an ambiguous grammatical term, but the basic idea of a complement is that it is added to another constituent in order to „complete‟ the meaning or structure associated with that constituent. Certainly be added after the subject including 52

candidate, citizenship, candidate, citizen, civil, coalition, constituency, democracy, democratic party, deputy, diplomat, electoral, election, environment, executive, financing, independent, justice party, majority, mayor, military, minister, national mandate, nomination, political, politician, politics, pollster, populist, presidential, public, regulation, representative, republic, revenue, right, society, vote. And the last adverbial, According to Leech. G (2006: 8) that adverbial An element of a clause or sentence which adds extra meaning about the event or state of affairs described. of all the data analysis, the writer found only one adverbial is state.