Newsletter_41.3

EVELYN WAUGH NEWSLETTER AND STUDIES Vol. 41, No. 3 Winter 2011

Evelyn Waugh’s Central London: A Gazetteer by Donald Greene Late of the University of Southern California

"I believe the parallelogram between Oxford Street, Piccadilly, Regent Street, and Hyde Park encloses more intelligence and human ability, to say nothing of wealth and beauty, than the world has ever collected in such a space before." So said Sydney Smith, whose exuberant wit matched Waugh’s, and who, like Waugh, was domiciled during the later years of his life in the village of Combe Florey, Somersetshire, where he was the rector. Both were ambivalent about the delights of country living, and seized many opportunities of fleeing from it to London. Waugh, like Frank Churchill in Jane Austen’s Emma, used to travel there regularly to have his hair cut, at Trumper’s in Curzon Street. Smith had a better excuse: as a canon of St Paul’s Cathedral, he had to spend a certain amount of the year in residence there.

Smith’s parallelogram (Mayfair) is of course only a tiny section of “Greater London.” Waugh’s London also includes outlying areas such as Mortlake, where Virginia Troy and Uncle Peregrine were buried, and East Finchley, site of Lord Copper’s frightful mansion. The ancient “City of London,” founded in Roman times, lies to the east of Mayfair. The City of Westminster began much later, in the eleventh century, when King Edward the Confessor decided to build, on the marshy bank of the Thames, the abbey called the “west minster” (the “east minster” being St Paul’s in the old City, still the cathedral of the diocese of London). Though it is known as “the West End,” innumerable Londoners have to travel east to see a popular show. It is still the center of British government, society, and the arts. The old “City” (of London) is devoted almost exclusively to business and finance, and did not hold much interest for Waugh. Many of the names of districts (“Soho,” “Pimlico,” “Belgravia”) are simply popular ones with no official standing, and some belong to governmental entities other than Westminster, such as “The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea” (“royal” because the royal palace of Kensington stands on the western edge of Kensington Gardens).

The gazetteer confines itself, for the most part, to streets and edifices mentioned in Waugh’s writings. Some special notes:

Railway Stations. Unlike many modern American cities, whose expansion did not take place until after the development of great railway networks, the older London does not have stations in the middle of the built-up area, but on its periphery. Various privately owned companies served various parts of Britain. The Great Western Railway, serving the West of England, terminated at Paddington Station, and carried undergraduates such as Waugh to Oxford University. The London, Midland, and Western, terminating at Euston, took him to his job at Arnold House, Llanddulas, North Wales. It is important in British novels that the various London stations be correctly identified: in a letter to Nancy Mitford, 1952, Waugh writes of replying to a friendly critic who complained of his having “made a character go to Salisbury from Paddington” with “Many thanks for your valuable suggestion.” The correct station would have been Waterloo. See below: Charing Cross, Euston, Liverpool Street, Marylebone, Paddington, Victoria.

Hotels. See below: Claridge’s, Dorchester, Ritz, Savoy. Oddly perhaps, Waugh doesn’t mention in his fiction the hotel where he most often stayed in London, the Hyde Park Hotel in Knightsbridge, run by his army friends Basil Bennett and Brian Franks, where he once thought his son Auberon might have a career in hotel management (Letters 441). See also “Casanova” and “Shepheard’s.” file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

Clubland. Chiefly centered on Pall Mall and St James’s Street. English clubs originated in the seventeenth century primarily as places for drinking and gambling, and were named after the innkeepers who founded them. The oldest surviving one is White’s (established 1693), which became recognized as the “Tory Club” (see below: Brown’s and Bellamy’s). The great “Whig Club” was Brooks’s, founded 1764, of which Charles James Fox was a member and where he gambled heavily. They came to have much social prestige; generally they are still exclusively male. See Athenaeum, Beefsteak, Bratt’s, Carlton, Garrick, Greville, Senior, Travellers’, Turtle’s, Wimpole.

It is pleasant to follow Ludovic’s route from Westminster Abbey, along Victoria Street, to Sir Ralph Brompton’s flat in Ebury Street to the front of Buckingham Palace, where the guards on duty saluted Peter Pastmaster in his officer’s uniform (POMF 1:6); to smile at old Ryder’s jape in pretending that Jorkins is a visitor from America, when he lives only a few steps away in Sussex Square (Brideshead 1:3). The best thing is to make such expeditions on the actual sites. But if this is not possible, the links may be a useful substitute. Please note that once you have linked to a map, you can zoom in or out, or move in any of four directions.

An asterisk (*) indicates a fictitious name. All the rest are real.

Abbreviation Work Abbreviation Work BM Black Mischief OGP The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold BR Brideshead Revisited POMF Put Out More Flags BSRA Basil Seal Rides Again Sc Scoop DF Decline and Fall SKME Scott-King’s Modern Europe HD A Handful of Dust US Unconditional Surrender LO The Loved One VB Vile Bodies MA Men at Arms WS Work Suspended OG Officers and Gentlemen

Titles of other works are given in full. Where available, a chapter (or book) number is given, followed by the number of the section within it.

Academy: see Royal Academy.

Albemarle Street. Daisy’s restaurant is there (HD 2:2).

Albert Hall: see Royal Albert Hall.

Arlington Street. A short street running south from Piccadilly and bordering the east side of the Ritz Hotel. Margot’s second-best Hispano-Suiza waits there to take Paul Pennyfeather to their wedding (DF 2:6). Mrs. Stitch’s small car turns the corner from it into the traffic jam in Piccadilly (Sc 1:2). Arthur Box-Bender, at the outbreak of World War II, moves into a luxury flat in it (MA, Prologue, 2).

Athenaeum Club. Founded 1824. Members in “Literature, Science, Public Service, and the Arts.” Prestigious, though stuffy. At the southwest corner of Pall Mall and Waterloo Place. Charles Ryder’s father (BR 1:1) and John Plant’s (WS 2) are members. Philbrick (DF 1:1) pretends to be one.

Bayswater. A somewhat stodgy middle-class residential district north of Hyde Park; readers may remember it from Galsworthy’s Forsyte Saga. Charles Ryder’s father lives there (BR 1:3).

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Bedford Square. An elegantly preserved eighteenth-century square in Bloomsbury, chiefly occupied by offices of publishers and expensive lawyers. Waugh satirically reports a contribution of three unused penny stamps to the leftist cause in Ishmaelia by “a little worker’s daughter” living there (Sc 2:1). The site of the elegant office of Mr. Bentley, the publisher (POMF 1:7).

Beefsteak Club. Founded 1876. On Irving Street, just off Leicester Square. Sir Joseph Mainwaring (later “Mannering”) frequents it (POMF 1:2).

Belgrave Square. “Old Ruby” once lived and entertained there (US 1:4). As her original, Emerald, Lady Cunard, did in Grosvenor Square.

Belgravia. Along with Mayfair, the most expensive and fashionable residential district in London. There are references to it in many novels, as in “Interlude in Belgravia” (DF 2:2). In the seventeenth century the property came into the hands of the Grosvenors, later Dukes of Westminster, and many of the names of streets and squares are associated with that family. Engineer Garcia calls the Duke “a man of great propriety.… London is his propriety” (SKME).

*Bellamy’s Club. In St James’s Street. Mentioned frequently in later novels. Guy Crouchback and Box-Bender are members (MA 2), as is Gilbert Pinfold (OGP 1). No doubt stands for White’s Club (see “Clubland” above), of which Waugh was elected a member in 1941.

Berkeley Square. Paul Pennyfeather and Margot walk across it from *Pastmaster House, which is then in Hill Street (DF 2:5). Gunter’s, a fashionable restaurant and confectionary, was there (BR 1:5).

Bethnal Green. A working-class district. Mrs. Stitch is frustrated by the traffic in her attempt to drive to a carpet shop there (Sc 1:1).

*Blight Street. Off Edgware Road. “A place of lodging houses and mean tobacconists.” The name is clearly symbolic; Virginia Troy goes in search of an abortionist there. The site of the office of Dr. Akonanga, the witch-doctor, where he casts spells on Hitler and Ribbentrop (US 2:4).

Bloomsbury. The “intellectual” and not very fashionable district, site of the British Museum and many branches of the University of London. Adam Fenwick-Symes, as “Mr. Chatterbox,” unsuccessfully attempts to make temperance hotels there fashionable (VB 7). Dr. Kakophilos lives at an “obscure address” there (“Out of Depth”). Ambrose Silk and Mr. Bentley are employed in the Ministry of Information, housed in the University of London’s Senate House, also frequented by Basil Seal and the mad bomber (POMF 1:7).

Bond Street. The fashionable main shopping street of Mayfair. “Our Lily” is a manicurist there and meets a rich protector (VB 9).

Bourdon Street. A small street on the north edge of Berkeley Square. Site of Simon Balcairn’s flat, where he commits suicide (VB 6).

*Bourne Mansions. See Carlisle Place.

Bow Street. Site of the London Metropolitan Magistrates’ Court. Charles Ryder, Sebastian Flyte, and Boy Mulcaster appear there on a charge of drunken driving (BR 1:5), as did Waugh himself.

*Bratt’s Club. No doubt Pratt’s Club, founded 1841, on Park Place, just off St James’s Street.

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Tony Last, Jock Grant-Menzies, and John Beaver are members (HD 3:1), as is Peter Pastmaster (POMF Epilogue). Boy Mulcaster is a member, and Charles Ryder becomes one (BR 1:8).

Brook Street. Virginia Troy seeks an abortionist there, but his place has been bombed. Dr. Akonanga, the witch-doctor, having come up in the world, moves there from *Blight Street (US 2:4).

Brooks’s Club. On St James’s Street. Founded 1764; traditionally the Whig club, as White’s was the Tory club. Mrs. Stitch, in her small car, drives a young man up its steps (Sc 1:1).

*Brown’s Club. No doubt stands for White’s. On St James’s Street. It is more exclusive than *Bratt’s. Lord St Cloud, Tony Last, and Jock Grant-Menzies are members, but John Beaver is blackballed (HD 4:3, 5:3).

Buckingham Palace. The principal London residence of the sovereign. Peter Pastmaster, in officer’s uniform, is saluted by its guards when he passes it (POMF 1:5). The guards have been moved inside its gates, to protect them from being harassed by tourists.

Café Royal, Regent Street. Famous as a haunt of Oscar Wilde, Aubrey Beardsley, and other late nineteenth-century “aesthetes.” Charles Ryder and his fellow strike-breakers dine there during the General Strike of 1926 (BR 1:8). Basil Seal meets Ambrose Silk and Mr. Benfleet there, as an agent provocateur (POMF 3:4). De Souza and his girl have supper there (MA 1:4).

Carlisle Place. Where Peregrine Crouchback has a flat in *Bourne Mansions. Toward the end of the war, it and its inhabitants are blown up by a “doodle bug”—a V1 pilotless bomb (US 3:3). Waugh’s friend Douglas Woodruff lived there in Evelyn Mansions, still extant.

Carlton Club, St James’s Street. The official club of the Conservative Party, founded 1832. Lord Chasm was a member (VB 2).

Carlton House Terrace. Two elegant rows of “town houses” that line the north side of the Mall on each side of Waterloo Place. Named after the Prince Regent’s town palace, formerly on the site. Philbrick pretends to have had a residence there (DF 1:11).

*Casanova Hotel. Somewhere in Bloomsbury. An absurd name for a “temperance hotel,” which refuses to serve liquor on its premises. Ginger Littlejohn is disillusioned when Adam Fenwick- Symes, as “Mr. Chatterbox,” recommends it as a lively center of night life (VB 7).

The Cenotaph, Whitehall. The national memorial to the servicemen killed in World Wars I and II; the site of an annual service on November 11, when the Queen or King lays a wreath on it. Not mentioned by name, but it is the “strange, purposeless obstruction of stone” which puzzles Miles Plastic when “a very old man, walking by, removed his hat as though saluting an acquaintance” (Love Among the Ruins 5).

Charing Cross Road. A somewhat scruffy street, containing pornographic as well as highly respectable bookshops, pornographic movie houses, amusement arcades, and the like. Mr. Macassor is not “some mere tradesman in Charing Cross Road” (“The Balance”). Sam Clutterbuck deplores the presence of black men there, with “the women just hanging on to ‘em” (DF 1:9).

Charing Cross Station. Terminus for trains to the southeast and some Channel ports. Charles and Sebastian return to it from Venice (BR 1:4). Guy and Apthorpe travel from it to Halberdier headquarters (MA 1:1, OG 1:2), actually Royal Marine headquarters at Chatham, Kent.

Charles Street. Runs west from Berkeley Square, south of Hill Street. Home of Brenda

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Champion (BR 1:7).

Charlotte Street. One of Alastair and Sonia Trumpington’s many residences (POMF 1:7).

Cheyne Walk, Chelsea. Everard Spruce’s “fine house” is there (US 1:2), as Cyril Connolly’s was.

Claridge’s Hotel. At the corner of Brook Street and Davies Street. Scene of Virgina and Guy’s unconsummated tryst (MA 1:10) and a meeting between Virginia and “the Loot” (US 2:4). Basil and Angela go there on returning from their sanitarium (BSRA 3). To Mrs. Kent-Cumberland’s surprise, Mr. Gallagher and Bessie stay there on their arrival from Australia (“Winner Takes All”).

Commercial Road. Working class and commercial. Scene of violence during the General Strike of 1926 (BR 1:8).

Curzon Street. Fashionable residential and upper-class commercial street. Lady Metroland’s *Pastmaster House, originally in Hill Street, seems later to have moved there (BM 3). Angela Lyne patronized a cinema there (POMF 2:9). One of its shops is the hairdresser Trumper’s, which Waugh patronized. A barber from Trumper’s shaved Sebastian and Charles before their appearance at Bow Street (BR 1:5). Their hair lotion, Eucris, is one of the things Tony Box- Bender would like sent to his prisoner-of-war camp (OG 1:3).

Devonshire House. On Piccadilly, opposite the Ritz Hotel. The great town mansion of the Dukes of Devonshire was torn down in the 1920s, and a new block of offices built on the site, retaining the name. Probably the original of *Marchmain House.

Dorchester Hotel, Park Lane. Kerstie Kilbannock and Virginia Troy meet each other there during an air raid (OG 2:2). “Old Ruby” moves there from Belgrave Square during the war (US 2:4), as her original, Emerald, Lady Cunard did from Grosvenor Square. Its basement was supposed to be bomb-proof.

Dover Street. Site of the Maison Basque restaurant (DF 2:5). *Shepheard’s Hotel stands at its intersection with Hay Hill (VB 2).

Downing Street. The official residence of the Prime Minister is at No. 10. Scene of the youngest Miss Brown’s midnight party for the Bright Young People, and the shock the Prime Minister, Sir James Brown, receives at the sight of Agatha Runcible the next morning (VB 4). Scene of official discussions of a knighthood for John Courteney Boot or William Boot (Sc 3:1:4). Sir Joseph Mainwaring goes there at the beginning of the war in hope of “some advisory capacity to the War Cabinet” (POMF 1:2).

Duke Street. A short street running south from Piccadilly. Where Lucy Simmonds sees a picture by John Plant’s father (WS 2:1).

Duke of York’s Steps. A wide stone staircase leading up from the Mall to Waterloo Place, at the top of which stands a tall column surmounted by a statue of Frederick, Duke of York, George III’s second son, commander-in-chief of the British army during the Napoleonic Wars. Hungry officers ascend them on their way from the War Office to the “Senior” club in search of lunch (OG 1:5).

Earls Court. West of South Kensington. A somewhat sleazy district, with some pretensions to artiness. Two members of the audience, Gladys and Ada, are “the cook and house-parlourmaid from a small house” there (“The Balance”). De Souza’s girl has a flat there (MA 1:4).

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Eaton Terrace. Lord and Lady Kilbannock live there, together with Virginia Troy, Brenda, and Zita (OG 2:2; US 1:3). One of several streets in Belgravia named after Eaton Hall, the country seat of the Dukes of Westminster in Cheshire. Readers will recollect 165 Eaton Place in Upstairs, Downstairs.

Ebury Street. John Plant has rooms there (WS 2:1). So does Sir Ralph Brompton (US 1:2). In fact, Sir Harold Nicolson, suggested as the original of Brompton, had a residence at 182 Ebury Street. Lord Ebury is one of the titles of the Grosvenor family.

Edgware Road. Not unlike Charing Cross Road. A pal of Philbrick’s was bumped off by “a Chink” on Saturday night there; “might have happened to any of us” (DF 1:9). Site of the headquarters (one room) of the National Academy of Cinematographic Art (VB 9). See *Blight Street, which runs off it.

Edinburgh Gate. One of the pedestrian entrances to Hyde Park. At the end of Basil Seal’s “revelation” about the paternity of Charles Albright, Barbara Seal runs off through it (BSRA 4).

Egerton Gardens. Home of Angela Trench-Troubridge (“Love in the Slump”).

Embankment (or Victoria Embankment). Atwater threatens to sleep there, as homeless people sometimes still do (WS 2:3).

Eros. Famous statue in Piccadilly Circus. In the twenty-fifth century, it has gone, but “the pedestal rose above the reeds, moss grown and dilapidated” (“Out of Depth”).

Euston Station. The terminus of trains to the northwest, Wales, and Ireland. Imogen Quest leaves it to go to Thatch (“The Balance”), and Paul Pennyfeather leaves it to go to Llanabba (DF 1:1). Agatha Runcible, after her crash in the auto race, is found in its waiting room, staring at a model train (VB 10). Ambrose Silk, disguised as a Jesuit priest, sits there on a leaking crate of fish, waiting for the early-morning train on which he flees to Ireland (POMF 3:5). Gilbert Pinfold’s fateful journey begins here, since the S.S. Caliban sails from Liverpool (OGP 3). The station’s imposing “classic columns” of POMF were demolished after Waugh’s time and a highly modern “functional” structure erected in its stead.

Farm Street. The site of the famous Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception. Julia Flyte consults a priest there about marriage; Father Mowbray takes on the task of converting Rex Mottram (BR 1:7).

Fleet Street. The eastern extension of the Strand. The site of many newspaper offices, such as those of the Daily Beast and the Daily Brute (Sc 1:2).

Garrick Club. Founded 1831. On Garrick Street, near Covent Garden. Theatrical and literary. Sir James Macrae, the film producer, summons Simon Lent there (“Excursion in Reality”).

Gerrard Street. Parallel to Shaftesbury Avenue. Site of the notorious “No. 43,” the disreputable night club operated by Mrs. Kate Meyrick in the 1920s, which Tom Watch and his friends used to patronize as undergraduates (“Love in the Slump”). Later transformed by Waugh into *100 Sink Street or the *“Old Hundredth.” Tony Last and Jock Grant-Menzies spend an evening there (HD 3:1), as do Sebastian Flyte, Charles Ryder, and Boy Mulcaster (BR 1:5).

Gloucester Terrace. A stodgily respectable middle-class street near Paddington Station. Adam Fenwick-Symes, as “Mr. Chatterbox,” is reduced to reporting tea dances that take place there (VB 7).

Golden Square. Tony and Jock pass through it on their way to the *Old Hundredth (HD 3:1).

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Great College Street. A short street leading from Millbank to Westminster Abbey. Crowds line up along it to view the Sword of Stalingrad (US 1:1).

Great Portland Street. Site of many automobile showrooms. Atwater’s nearby *Wimpole Club is “handy for chaps in the motor business” (WS 2:3).

Green Park. *Marchmain House has windows opening on it. Charles Ryder and Cordelia Flyte walk through it to have dinner at the Ritz (BR 1:8).

*Greville Club. Where Tony Last meets Dr. Messinger (HD 5:1). Probably the Travellers’ or (less likely, since it does not have “a tradition of garrulity”—just the opposite) the Athenaeum.

Grosvenor Square. Angela Lyne has an expensive flat there (POMF 2:8). Maud (later Emerald), Lady Cunard—“old Ruby” of US—entertained literary celebrities in her home at No. 7 (LO 1).

Hampstead. Intellectual, artistic, and “progressive.” Home of Sir James Macrae, film producer (“Excursion in Reality”), and Mr. Rampole, the publisher (POMF 3:5). Although Waugh is usually said to have been born there, he was actually born in West Hampstead, a less esteemed district. The house where he grew up, 145 North End Road, was just beyond the boundary of Hampstead, in Golders Green, also a socially inferior address.

Hanover Gate. The residence of Professor and Mrs. Doure, Adam’s parents (“The Balance”).

Hanover Square. Adam Fenwick-Symes watches Nina buying hats there (VB 7).

Hanover Terrace. A street of posh residences. No. 17 was occupied by Waugh’s despised cousin, Sir Edmund Gosse, where Sir Francis Hinsley attended literary teas (LO 1). Another was occupied by Sir Ralph Brompton, when not entertaining dubious young men in Ebury Street (US 1:2).

Harley Street. Largely occupied by offices and residences of high-priced medical men. Adam Fenwick-Symes, as “Mr. Chatterbox,” is reduced to narrating anecdotes from it (VB 7).

Hatton Garden. East along Holborn. Center of the wholesale jewelry trade. Rex Mottram buys Julia’s engagement ring there (BR 1:7).

Hay Hill. Paul Pennyfeather and Margot pass a hatter’s van bearing the royal arms, and a very great lady in her landaulette (perhaps Queen Mary?) bows to Margot there. “All Mayfair seemed to throb with the heart of Mr. Arlen” (DF 1:5). *Shepheard’s Hotel is at the corner of it and Dover Street (VB 2). During the blackout in World War II, footpads beat old gentlemen to jelly in it (POMF 1:6), and someone is “sandbagged” and “robbed of his poker-winnings” there (MA Prologue, 2).

Haymarket. In the twenty-fifth century, there is a grass mound at its corner (“Out of Depth”).

Henrietta Street. The office of Adam Fenwick-Symes’s publishers, Rampole and Benfleet (VB 2). In fact, the address in the 1920s of both of Waugh’s publishers, Duckworth and Chapman & Hall.

Hertford Street. Site of Edward, Lord Throbbing’s “perfectly sheepish house” (VB 2).

Hill Street. Earlier site of *Pastmaster House, Margot’s town residence (VB 5). Waugh later moved it to Curzon Street. Mrs. Tipping, who invites John Beaver to luncheon, faute de mieux, lives there (HD 1). Angela and Basil Seal live there after their marriage (BSRA 1).

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Houses of Parliament. Box-Bender and his crony Elderberry are members of the House of Commons until the Labour Party sweep of 1945. Guy and the Loot dine with Box-Bender there (US 1:1, Epilogue).

Hyde Park. Its northeast corner, near Marble Arch, is “Speaker’s Corner,” where William Boot hears the Ishmaelite “patriot” consul-general haranguing an audience (Sc 4:1). Brenda and Marjorie walk the Pekinese Djinn in it, past Watts’s statue, Physical Energy (HD 2:2).

Hyde Park Gardens. The residence of Mr. Ryder senior in Bayswater. Charles returns to it from *Marchmain House, when he returns from Venice (BR 1:4).

Jermyn Street. South of and parallel to Piccadilly. Mrs. Rosenbaum’s establishment (i.e., brothel) is on it (DF 1:5). The actual site of Rosa Lewis’s Cavendish Hotel, the original of Lottie Crump’s *Shepheard’s (VB 3). Uncle Theodore Boot wants to see a chap there about some business (no doubt a loan) (Sc 2:2). The scene of Angela Lyne’s drunken debacle at a cinema (POMF 3:3). Where money lenders offer “advances on note of hand only,” although Charles Ryder is unlikely to obtain one (BR 1:3).

Kensington Gardens. The westward extension of Hyde Park. Mrs. Stitch tries to capture a baboon escaped from the Zoo and up a tree in it (Sc 4:1).

King’s Road, Chelsea. Arty and trendy. Basil Seal finds himself in it after a “racket” (BM 3). Everard Spruce’s secretaries wear long hair in the style of King’s Road (US 1:2).

Knightsbridge. Important shopping street in Kensington and Belgravia; also the residential district south of it. Miss Brown’s invitation to 10 Downing Street forestalls her guests’ returning to their homes there (VB 4).

Law Courts (the Royal Courts of Justice). A huge and hideous Victorian Gothic pile on the Strand. Chiefly for civil actions and appeals. The libel actions after Simon Balcairn’s report of Mrs. Ape’s revival meeting are tried there (VB 7).

Leicester Square. Sleazy center of the “entertainment” district. *St Christopher’s Social Club is nearby (VB 8). In the twenty-fifth century, Rip Van Winkle walks through its ruins (“Out of Depth”).

Liverpool Street Station. In “the City,” not Westminster. Terminus for trains to the northeast. Many commuter trains to the eastern rural suburbs, one of which Mr. Salter takes (Sc 2:3).

Lowndes Square. Residence of Lady Seal, Basil’s mother (BM 3), and of Arthur Box-Bender (MA Prologue, 2).

Maida Vale. Middle-class suburb. The “patriot” Ishmaelite legation is there (Sc 4:2).

*Marchmain House. The site of this imaginary mansion, based on one or more of the famous old town houses of the nobility, such as Stafford House and Devonshire House, demolished or converted in the 1920s, can be fairly closely pinned down. The long drawing room has two bays of windows opening onto Green Park, and it is within easy walking distance of the Ritz Hotel (BR 1:8). The “block of flats” which it becomes, and which houses HOO HQ, is a quarter mile from “the Senior” (United Service) Club (OG 1:5).

Marylebone (pronounced “Marlybon”) Station. Chiefly for commuter trains, e.g., to places in Buckinghamshire, such as Aylesbury. Adam takes one from it to visit Colonel Blount at Doubting Hall (VB 5).

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Mayfair. With Belgravia, the most expensive and fashionable residential district in London. Possibly frequented by more of Waugh’s characters than any other.

Millbank. Runs along the bank of the Thames. Crowds queue in it to see the Sword of Stalingrad in Westminster Abbey (US 1:1).

Montagu Square. One of the many successive residences of Alastair and Sonia Trumpington (VB 3).

National Gallery. Adam Doure studies Poussin there (“The Balance”).

Natural History Museum. The natural-history branch of the British Museum. Waugh gives it the name of the “Royal Victorian Institute,” but no other building in London answers the description of being “a Venetian-Gothic brick edifice in the parish of Brompton,” and containing a plaster reconstruction of a megalosaurus and (in its annex, the Science Museum) a Victorian locomotive engine. During World War II, it houses HOO HQ (US 1:1).

North Audley Street. Its unconverted mews shelter impecunious former bachelor lovers of Margot Beste-Chetwynde (DF 1:6). A mews, in the nineteenth century, was the stabling for horses of the owners of large houses. Like the garages to which many of them were later converted, they opened on to the lanes behind the houses.

Odenino’s (Imperial Restaurant). Formerly in Regent Street. After the film, the young man from Cambridge drinks a glass of Pilsen there (“The Balance”).

Old Bailey. East along Holborn. The Central Criminal Courts, where Paul Pennyfeather is tried for white slavery and sentenced to seven years hard labor (DF 2:1).

*Old Hundredth. See Gerrard Street. The nickname comes from the old tune for Psalm 100, “Praise God from whom all blessings flow.”

Onslow Square. In mildly upper-middle-class South Kensington. Home of Paul Pennyfeather’s solicitor guardian and his daughter (DF 1:2).

Paddington Station. Terminus for trains to the west of England. Brenda Last and others use it to travel from London to Hetton (HD 1:2:2). William Boot travels from it to Boot Magna (Sc 3:3). Tom Watch and Angela Trench-Troubridge leave it for their honeymoon in Devonshire (“Love in the Slump”). Guy and Box-Bender leave it to attend Mr. Crouchback’s funeral at Matchet (US 2:3). Charles and Julia leave it for Brideshead (BR 2:2)—though, since Brideshead Castle is in Wiltshire, perhaps it should have been Waterloo.

*Pastmaster House. See Hill Street and Curzon Street. The town mansion of the Earls of Pastmaster, presumably inherited by Peter Beste-Chetwynde when he succeeds as Earl, though his mother Margot seems to regard it as her property.

Phoenix Theatre. On Charing Cross Road. Where Sir Francis Hinsley in the 1920s used to watch Robin de la Condamine at matinees (LO 1). It still has a reputation for somewhat innovative drama.

Piccadilly Circus (i.e., circle). At the junction of Piccadilly, Shaftesbury Avenue, and other streets. In the twenty-fifth century, Rip Van Winkle sees “a herd of sheep, peacefully cropping the sedge” near there (“Out of Depth”). Traffic is jammed from Hyde Park to it when Mrs. Stitch tries to make her way to Bethnal Green in her small car (Sc 1:1).

Pont Street. Symbolizes what is conventionally fashionable. No. 158 is the London house of

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Mr. Charles and Lady Rosemary Quest, Imogen’s parents (“The Balance”). There is a brief account of it in BR 1:7. Roger and Lucy Simmonds meet at a ball there (WS 2:1).

Portman Square. Home of Lady Marjorie (nee Rex) and Allen (last name not given) (HD 2:2). Waugh married She-Evelyn at St Paul’s, Portman Square in June 1928.

Praed Street. Where Mr. Plant buys his “academy cake” (WS 1:2).

Regent’s Park. Many expensive residences on its periphery, at one of which there is a party for Florence Mills and the Blackbirds (BR 1:8). See also Hanover Terrace.

Ritz Hotel. On the south side of Piccadilly, at the junction with Arlington Street. The original Ritz, founded by the hotelier Cesar Ritz, was in Paris. That in London was second, and later Ritz Hotels are found in various large cities throughout the world. Margot Beste-Chetwynde’s appearance, dress, and voice would be recognized in any of them from New York to Budapest (DF 1:8). Paul lives there before his marriage to Margot, and is arrested there at breakfast (DF 2:6). The social climber Archie Schwert lives there (VB 2). Rip Van Winkle stays there (“Out of Depth”). John Plant gives Roger and Lucy a lunch at the Ritz (WS 2:1). Lady Cordelia Flyte goes to dinner there, her first in public (BR 1:8). The scene of the dinner in honor of Ambrose Silk’s OM (BSRA 1). Margot moves there during World War II, and lives there after *Pastmaster House is bombed (BSRA 1).

Rotten Row. An equestrian thoroughfare in Hyde Park (the name is said to be a corruption of “Route de Roi”). Barbara Seal crosses it at the end of BSRA.

Royal Academy. On the north side of Piccadilly. In full, the Royal Academy of Arts, founded by George III in 1768, with Sir Joshua Reynolds as its first President. It holds an annual exhibition of recent work of its members. In recent decades, more enterprising artists and critics have tended to look down on its “traditionalism.” John Plant’s father is a Royal Academician and exhibits there regularly (WS 1:2).

Royal Albert Hall. A large, circular auditorium, one of numerous memorials of Queen Victoria’s Prince Consort. Mrs. Ape plans a revival meeting in it (VB 2).

*Royal Victorian Institute. See Natural History Museum.

Ryder Street. Off St James’s Street. Gilmour, Ginger’s friend, has a bed-sitting room there (VB 8).

St Bride’s Church. Off Fleet Street. Its bells punctuate William Boot’s visits to the headquarters of the Daily Beast (Sc 1:3:2, 4).

St James’s Palace. The rambling old brick palace of British monarchs, now the site of government offices and residences of lesser royalty. Mrs. Stitch’s superb house, designed by Nicholas Hawksmoor, is near it (Sc 1:1).

St James’s Square. Sir Ralph Brompton first meets Ludovic at a reception there following a fashionable wedding in St Margaret’s (US 1:2). Since the bridegroom’s father has made “great jugs of special brew” for the occasion, he is probably one of “the great brewing families which rule London” (VB 4). The wedding may be based on that of Bryan Guinness and Diana Mitford —see the dedication of VB.

St James’s Street. See note above on Clubland. During the Blitz, *Turtle’s in it is set on fire. “From Piccadilly to the Palace the whole jumble of incongruous facades was caricatured by the blaze” (OG 1:1). “A well-known St James’s Street hatter”—no doubt Lock’s—denies the

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existence of bottle-green bowler hats (VB 7).

St John’s Wood. Fairly upper-middle-class suburb. Home of John Plant’s father (WS 1:5). In Victorian and Edwardian times supposedly the site of clandestine residences of well-to-do men’s mistresses.

St Margaret’s Church. Small, elegant, medieval Anglican church beside Westminster Abbey. The official church of Parliament, and a favorite site for fashionable weddings. That of Paul and Margot was scheduled to take place there (DF 2:6). Tom Watch and Angela Trench-Troubridge were married there (“Love in the Slump”), as were Alastair and Sonia Digby-Vane-Trumpington (BSRA 4). Ludovic was in the guard of honor at Lady Perdita’s first wedding there (US 1:2).

St Martin-in-the-Fields. Adam Doure leaves the National Gallery when its clock strikes one (“The Balance”).

*St Sepulchre’s, Egg Street. Where Dr. Johnson once attended matins and which Jack Spire (i.e., Sir John Squire) plans a campaign to preserve (DF 2:1). There is no Egg Street in London, though there are Bread Street and Milk Street, both fairly close to Johnson’s residence and St Sepulchre’s-without-Newgate.

Savoy Chapel. A small historic Anglican royal chapel, formerly part of the medieval Savoy Palace. It has a reputation for theological “Liberalism”; hence Julia Flyte and the divorced Rex Mottram are married there (BR 1:7).

Savoy Hotel. The closest posh hotel to Fleet Street, hence patronized by journalists who can afford it. Mr. Salter gives William Boot dinner in its famous “grill room” (Sc 2:3). It is probably the *Braganza Hotel, the scene of Lord Copper’s dinner in honor of “Boot of the Beast” (Sc 3:4). Wenlock Jakes dines there on the evening of Edward VIII’s abdication (Sc 2:2). Trimmer is interviewed there by three American reporters (OG 2:6).

“The Senior.” Popular name for the United Service Club, whose members were high-ranking military and naval officers, to distinguish it from the junior Army and Navy Club, both no longer in existence. On the southeast corner of the intersection of Waterloo Place and Pall Mall. Scene of a stampede for lunch by hungry generals and admirals (OG 1:5).

The Serpentine. Large lake in Hyde Park. Basil and Barbara Seal talk beside it (BSRA 4).

Shaftesbury Avenue. Center of “the entertainment world.” “You can see ‘em”—black men —“any night of the week,” Sam Clutterbuck complains. “The women just hanging on to ‘em” (DF 1:9). Rip Van Winkle and Alastair Trumpington run into “a mail van that was thundering down Shaftesbury Avenue at forty-five miles an hour” (“Out of Depth”).

*Shepheard’s Hotel. At the corner of Dover Street and Hay Hill (VB 3). Named after the world- famous hotel in Cairo. Its original was Rosa Lewis’s Cavendish Hotel on Jermyn Street, which was demolished; a newly built Cavendish Hotel occupies its site).

Shepherd Market. A small shopping center off Curzon Street. Young bachelors, Margot’s former lovers, live in unconverted mews there (DF 2:6).

*Sink Street. See Gerrard Street.

Sloane Square. Paul Pennyfeather and Arthur Potts have a highly intellectual discussion there (DF 2:2).

Sloane Street. Mrs. Stitch drives her small car into the men’s public lavatory there (Sc 1:3:2).

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Site of the office of Dr. Puttock, the Kilbannocks’ family doctor (US 2:1).

Soho. The Restaurant de la Tour de Force is not actually there, but it is “half cosmopolitan, half theatrical.” Adam Doure contemplates dinner “by himself at some very cheap restaurant” there (“The Balance”).

South Kensington. Middle-class residential district; many museums. The fascist Ishmaelite consulate is there (Sc 1:4:3).

Southampton Row. Miss Philbrick, the secretary, took night classes in script writing there (“The Balance”). Waugh himself studied carpentry at the Central School of Arts and Crafts, now Central St Martins College of Art and Design.

Stanhope Gate. A walk in Hyde Park, where only upper-class nannies wheel their small charges (WS 2:3).

The Strand. In the twenty-fifth century, it is covered by “great flats of mud” (“Out of Depth”).

Sussex Gardens. Middle class. Home of Mrs. Beaver and her son John (HD 1:1).

Trafalgar Square. In the twenty-fifth century, Rip Van Winkle walks through its ruins (“Out of Depth”).

Travellers’ Club (founded 1819). On Pall Mall, next to the Athenaeum.

*Turtle’s Club. Half-way down St James’s Street (perhaps Boodle’s Club, founded 1762—the address is about right). Set on fire during the Blitz (OG 1:1).

University of London. Ambrose Silk sees its “vast bulk … insulting the autumn sky” (POMF 1:7). The reference is to the “Senate House,” the administrative headquarters of the University (which has dozens of other units scattered throughout London). In 1939 it was reputed the tallest building in London (some eighteen stories) and much criticized for its severe, “modernistic” design. During the war it housed the Ministry of Information and so figures prominently in POMF.

Victoria Square. Home of Roger and Lucy Simmonds (WS 1:1).

Victoria Station. Terminus for rail lines to the south and the main Channel ports. Adam and other passengers from the Channel ferry pass through it (VB 2). Tony Last and Milly (and Milly’s daughter) leave it for Tony’s pseudo-adultery (HD 4:1); William Boot arrives at it from Ishmaelia (Sc 3:1:3) and Guy Crouchback from Italy (MA Prologue, 2). Uncle Peregrine and Virginia have dinner at a famous fish restaurant (Overton’s) opposite it (US 2:7).

Victoria Street. Ludovic walks down from Westminster Abbey to Sir Ralph Brompton’s flat in Ebury Street (US 1:2). The “shapeless expanse at the bottom” is no doubt Victoria Station.

War Office (familiarly “War House”). Headquarters of the high command of the British Army (now Ministry of Defence). Where Basil Seal is employed by the Assistant Deputy Director Internal Security, and the mad bomber blows up the Deputy Assistant Chaplain General (POMF 3:2). Jumbo Trotter gets his and Guy’s lorry parked in a space reserved for its head, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff (OG 1:5). A fateful meeting of high-ranking staff officers takes place there to decide the destiny of General Whale and Hazardous Offensive Operations (OG 2:1).

Westminster Abbey. The great Gothic Anglican shrine, begun by St Edmund the Confessor, King of England, in the eleventh century: “the sacring place of the kings of England” (i.e., they

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are crowned there). The Sword of Stalingrad is on display there, and is visited by Ludovic (US 1:1).

Westminster Cathedral. The cathedral of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Westminster, established in 1850, when Roman Catholic dioceses with English geographical names were first permitted after the Reformation. The cathedral was built 1895-1903 in a Byzantine style. Uncle Peregrine lives near it (see Carlisle Place) and takes part in its activities (US 2:6).

Whitehall. Many major government offices are there (OG 1:5). See also Cenotaph.

Wigmore Street. Adam Fenwick-Symes buys flowers for Agatha Runcible at the corner of it and Wimpole Street (VB 12).

Wimpole Street. Like Harley Street, largely occupied by doctors’ offices, although Adam Fenwick-Symes’s publisher, Sam Benfleet, has a residence there (VB 2). Agatha Runcible, after her car crash, dies in a nursing home there (VB 12).

*Wimpole Club. Atwater’s sleazy club, in a mews off Wimpole Street (WS 1:5).

Zoo (officially “the Zoological Society of London”). When the moon is full, in his room in his parents’ house in Hanover Gate, Adam Doure can hear the animals (“The Balance”). Mrs. Stitch tries to capture a baboon that has escaped from it (Sc 1:4:1). Atwater has a ticket of admission to it, which he maintains makes him a Fellow of the Zoological Society; John Plant contemplates a Humboldt’s gibbon on exhibition in it (WS 2:4). Mr. Ryder senior spends an enjoyable day at it (BR 1:3).

Editor’s Note: Donald Greene (1914-1997) was a distinguished professor of eighteenth-century literature and a specialist in Samuel Johnson. In the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, he published several essays on Evelyn Waugh, including “Evelyn Waugh’s Hollywood,” Evelyn Waugh Newsletter 16 (Winter 1982): 1-4, reprinted in Paul A. Doyle, A Reader’s Companion to the Novels and Short Stories of Evelyn Waugh (Norman, OK: Pilgrim, 1988), 209-12. The gazetteer above seems not to have been published. It is based on an uncorrected typescript Professor Greene sent to Robert Murray Davis, Associate Editor of the Newsletter. Professor Greene drew a map that has been lost; instead, each location is linked to a map of the area. The editor has added references to Waugh’s stories “The Balance” and “Out of Depth.”

Was Evelyn Waugh in Danger of Being Shot by His Men? by Donat Gallagher James Cook University

I am very conscious that many Waughians, perhaps the majority, believe that Colonel Robert (Bob) Laycock had to place a guard over Evelyn Waugh’s sleeping quarters to prevent his men shooting him; and that, if he went into action, he was liable to be murdered. But both beliefs are entirely baseless. In response to my essay "I am Trimmer, you know" (see EWNS 41.2), Michael Barber, author of Anthony Powell: A Life, cites Noel Annan as an “authority” on this matter, but Noel Annan is an extremely intelligent critic who places Waugh’s oeuvre within a meaningful twentieth-century context; he has no independent knowledge of the detail of Waugh’s life. On the matter under review, he merely quotes Christopher Sykes.[1] And as the evidence presented below will demonstrate, Sykes is a most unreliable guide.

Christopher Sykes began the myth that Evelyn Waugh was so “extremely disliked” by his men that “Bob Laycock [had to] set a special guard on Evelyn’s sleeping quarters”;[2] and he went on to suggest that Waugh would have been shot by his own troops if he had gone into action (Sykes

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229). Since then, respected biographers[3] and commentators as diverse as Simon Frazer, Lord (“Shimi”) Lovat[4] and Noel Annan have repeated Sykes. But Sykes rests his claim on such bizarre misreadings of simple sources that he lacks all credibility. Sykes “proves” that Laycock “set a guard” as follows: “In Crete an officer of No. 8 Commando had been killed in action, but the circumstances were odd and it was widely suspected that this intensely unpopular man had in fact been murdered by one of his subordinates. (Certainly this was Evelyn’s opinion.) Bob was taking no chances” (Sykes 228). It would be difficult for one paragraph to contain more errors. First, No. 8 Commando was never “in Crete”; at the time of the Battle of Crete, one part was engaged at Tobruk, the other was in camp in Egypt. Second, the “intensely unpopular man” suspected of being “murdered by one of his subordinates” was Lt Colonel R. R. N. (“Dick”) Pedder, who was not “an officer of No. 8 Commando” but Commanding Officer of No. 11 (Scottish) Commando; and he died, not “in Crete” but at the Litani River in Syria. And far from its “certainly [being] Evelyn’s opinion” that Pedder was shot by his men, Waugh leaves the matter wide open: “We shall never know who killed him. Many of his men had sworn to do so and he was shot in the back by a sniper. He had however just led a successful assault and it seems an unlikely occasion for murder.”[5]

But what possible parallel can there be between Lt Colonel Pedder and Waugh? Pedder was a very brave officer who ruled his Commando with notoriously ruthless discipline. The private diary of Lt Colonel Geoffrey Keyes VC, who took over No. 11 Scottish Commando after Pedder’s death, testifies that Pedder’s punishments were so harsh and unjust that certain troops had an understandable motive for seeking revenge.[6] Waugh’s case was entirely different. In the Royal Marines early in the war, he was recognized as “keen” and capable and quickly won command of a company; but senior officers came to realize that he “was no good with the men” (as they say). Selina Hastings explains that Colonel Lushington (who had a high opinion of Waugh’s abilities[7]) overheard Waugh publicly berating a quartermaster sergeant. This brought to a head growing uneasiness that he and other senior officers had been feeling about the way Waugh handled troops. Major (later General) Houghton, whom Waugh describes as “very decent” (Diaries 463), happily shared a flat with Evelyn and Laura; and he admired Waugh’s lectures to the men as the best he had ever heard. And yet he came to the conclusion that Waugh should not be left in direct command of a company.[8] Another friend, John St John, writes: “[Evelyn] was the only temporary officer at that early period to be made a captain and given command of a company, but he handled its members with contempt relieved only by avuncular patronage. A petty offence could make him apoplectic.”[9] Lushington and his colleagues therefore decided that Waugh “must be removed from his command” (Hastings 404). Consequently, Captain Waugh, while retaining his rank, was moved sideways to Battalion Intelligence Officer. Realistically, any talk of Waugh’s being shot by his men if he went into action would have to relate to this period, when he had command of a company and when his manner might have created serious resentment. On the other hand, there is no evidence to suggest that he inflicted harsh or unjust punishments. Indeed, if his letters to Laura are to be believed, he could bend the rules to accommodate his men, for example by giving leave to a ballroom dancer to attend a competition final (which he won) when the Colonel had confined all ranks to camp (qtd. in Stannard 12). Moreover, Waugh’s Marine batman, Corporal William Irvine, after seeing Auberon Waugh on television, wrote, unprompted, to recount happy memories of Evelyn.[10] Irvine’s letter casts serious doubt on Selina Hastings’s claim that Waugh “was arrogant when giving orders to the soldier-servants … who were not slow to resent it” (399). In short, it is possible to wound with speech but to be just, even kind, in action, to bark but not bite. The evidence suggests that Captain Waugh RM did not create the degree of ill feeling among his men that would have stirred them to thoughts of murder.

Once Waugh joined the Commandos, he worked exclusively in headquarters units at GSO3 level in No. 8 Commando, Layforce, the Special Service Brigade and Combined Operations Headquarters. In this period Waugh had two soldier-servants and half a dozen or so subordinates in Intelligence or Brigade Signals. The only first-hand evidence about his

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behaviour ranges from very favourable to satisfactory. Private Ralph Tanner, MM (later Captain, then Doctor) was Waugh’s soldier servant in No. 8 Commando and Layforce HQ from December 1940 to July 1941. Dr Tanner praises Waugh as “a model employer to a servant” who did not deserve the “reputation for rudeness.” Asked whether he was “so unpopular he had to be protected from other soldiers,” Tanner replied: “Absolute rubbish…. He was everything you’d expect an officer to be, if you were an ordinary soldier.”[11]

In 1942 Waugh served in the Special Service Brigade headquarters at Sherborne. His Sergeant, P. V. Harris, kept a diary, some sections of which relate to Waugh. Harris, a veteran of the First War and the author of military manuals, gives an illuminating but not uncritical appraisal of Waugh: “I like Evelyn Waugh much better now that he has dropped his Royal Marines manner. [Waugh had been addressing colleagues by title instead of Christian name.] He wants to know everything.” On the positive side, Waugh successfully defended Harris against Lord Lovat when Lovat incorrectly claimed that Harris had failed to supply maps his Commando had requested. And Waugh “readily agreed” to a trip Harris wanted to make in connection with a publication. In mixed mode, we find, “Capt. W. behaved impatiently …” and soon after, “He has been very pleasant ….” Then there was a misunderstanding about Harris taking some maps from Waugh’s desk, which seemed annoyingly over-conscientious. And as a final comment Harris wrote: “I well remember [Waugh’s] sickly smile when he was trying to be pleasant.”[12] The faults set out here—especially when balanced against favours done—are, again, not the kind for which men kill their officers.

When Lovat savaged Waugh in his memoir, March Past, many reviewers gleefully repeated the abuse. But some soldiers who had served with Waugh wrote to Auberon Waugh to express their indignation at Lovat’s and the reviewers’ baseless vitriol. To take only one example, Lt Colonel A. F. Austen became “increasingly annoyed … on reading the adverse comments on [Waugh].” In the ranks of the Brigade Signal Troop in 1943, Austen was “in a position to see, hear and form an opinion on … the social and working life of that HQ and you can believe me when I tell you that one is often able to make more realistic judgements on people when looking up rather than down!”[13] Austen strongly favoured Waugh over Lovat. Waugh’s batman at this time, known only as Hall, accompanied Waugh to Oxford, had a guided tour of the colleges arranged by Waugh and “asked for instruction about the Faith” (Diaries 538).

When I asked Lady Laycock whether Sir Robert would have told her if he had been compelled to set a guard on Waugh’s sleeping quarters, she was adamant that it was exactly the kind of thing he would have passed on to her; and her close friendship with many of the leading members of No. 8 Commando, Layforce and the Special Service Brigade made her equally adamant that no such situation had ever, or could ever, have arisen without her knowledge.[14] She found the suggestion pure shining nonsense.

In summary, the evidence of the men who served directly under Waugh—Dr Tanner, Cpl Irvine, Lt Col. Austen, Sgt Harris—reveals that he got on very well, or at least sufficiently well, with Other Ranks. On the other hand, well-disposed senior officers found his handling of his Royal Marine company worrying enough to move him into headquarters. But there is no hint that Waugh was so disliked by the men as to be a target for murder. A very different story emerges when one turns to Waugh’s officer colleagues. A few, most notably Lovat, were rabidly hostile; and it is here I believe that an explanation of the “would be shot by his men” story might be found. In his memoir March Past, Lovat makes plain that he and some grandee friends resented the middle-class novelist’s intrusion into No. 8 (Royal Horse Guards) Commando; and he claims that he and some friends played a very disturbing practical joke on the disliked outsider. In 1943 Lovat engineered an acrimonious resignation from the Special Service Brigade by ordering Waugh to the Commando Depot at Achnacarry, a feared “trial-by-ordeal” (as Lovat himself calls it) training centre that most headquarters staff had never been near. Lovat was a friend of Sykes, and Sykes angrily denounces Laycock for employing Waugh. It is quite possible that Lovat and

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his friends either invented the story of Waugh’s being placed under protective custody as a joke, or picked up some tale that grew in the telling until it became accepted as fact, a “fact” that Sykes quoted. But that is mere guesswork. All one can say with certainty is that none of the evidence cited above supports Sykes’s story that Waugh’s men hated him so intensely that Laycock had to place a guard on his sleeping quarters and prevent him going into action.

Notes [1] Noel Annan, “The Possessed,” rev. of Evelyn Waugh: A Biography, by Martin Stannard, and of Evelyn Waugh’s Officers, Gentlemen and Rogues: The Fact behind His Fiction, by Gene D. Phillips, London Review of Books, 5 Feb. 1976: 3-6. Annan goes beyond Sykes when he blames Waugh’s “bullying, sardonic, insulting manner” (5) for his lack of success in the Army. See below the contradictory evidence of Other Ranks who served with Waugh. [2] Christopher Sykes, Evelyn Waugh: A Biography (London: Collins, 1975), 228-30. (Subsequent references will be made parenthetically to Sykes.) [3] E.g., Selina Hastings, Evelyn Waugh: A Biography (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1994), 445: “The ordinary soldiers disliked him to such an extent that … Laycock … set a guard on his sleeping quarters.” (Subsequent references will be made parenthetically to Hastings.) [4] Paul Johnson, ‘In Sword of Honour truth is stranger than fiction; more painful too,’ Spectator, 13 Jan. 2001: 27, quotes Lovat: “By kicking [Waugh] out [of the Special Service Brigade] I saved his life” (his men would have shot him if he went into action). [5] Evelyn Waugh, The Diaries of Evelyn Waugh, ed. Michael Davie (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1976), 512. (Subsequent references will be made parenthetically to Diaries.) [6] Lt Col. Geoffrey Keyes’s diary is in private hands. [7] ‘A natural commander…. He works hard and gets good work out of his subordinates … he will make a first class Company Commander’: qtd. in Martin Stannard, Evelyn Waugh: No Abiding City: 1939-1966 (London: Dent, 1992), 12. (Subsequent references will be made parenthetically to Stannard.) [8] Maj.-Gen. Julian Thompson kindly passed on Gen. Houghton’s recollections of Waugh, his high opinion of his talents and his critical view of Waugh’s handling of the men (e-mail dated 15 Feb. 2009). [9] John St John, To the War with Waugh (1973. London: Leo Cooper, 1974), 24. [10] Cpl William Irvine to Mr [Auberon] Waugh, 19 May 1990. [11] Peter Buckman, interview with Ralph Tanner, “I was Evelyn Waugh’s Batman,” Punch, 19 Nov. 1975: 960-61. Despite the article appearing in Punch, it is straightforward and serious. [12] Georgetown University Library [GUL], Special Collections Division. Papers of Christopher Sykes, Box 25, Folder 11. ‘Extracts from Diary of Sgt P. V. Harris.’ [13] Lt Col. A. F. Austen to Auberon Waugh, November 1978. [14] Conversation with Lady [Claire Angela] Laycock in Spain, Feb. 1989.

Poems from Waugh's Short Stories by James Morris

Mr Loveday

Not like a lunatic at all-- No wild staring eyes, No twitch.

Just a woman in a ditch.

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Miss Brookes

Could she have connived with those Arab brigands, Then off to England with the loot?

Could she have contrived to get the press involved, Was that the Truth?

There was something fishy about Miss Brookes, Too Missy.

Out of Depth

England abased Before some African tribe,

The people debased, Scavenging in the countryside,

Only the Catholic faith-- Giving some semblance of civilized life,

Same as it ever was.

Bella Fleace Gave a Party

After all her preparations, She forgot to send out the invitations.

After all her deliberations-- What to wear? Who to invite? When to start?

Only gatecrashers turned up on the night.

Evelyn Waugh: A Supplementary Checklist of Criticism by John Howard Wilson Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania

This is a continuation of the earlier lists, published in Evelyn Waugh Newsletter and Studies. It contains books and articles published in 2009 as well as items omitted from previous lists.

Begam, Richard, and Michael Valdez Moses, eds. Modernism and Colonialism (2007). Reviewed by Shannon McRae, Modern Fiction Studies 55.4 (Winter 2009): 859-63. Berberich, Christine. The Image of the English Gentleman in Twentieth-Century Literature (2007). Reviewed by Jonathan Pitcher, “Slogans and Attitudes,” EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009); Ben Clarke, Studies in the Novel 41.3 (Fall 2009): 378-79; Adrian S. Wisnicki, Modernism/Modernity 16.3 (September 2009): 645-47; D. Lea, Review of English Studies 60.246 (2009): 676-78. Bluemel, Kristin, ed. Intermodernism: Literary Culture in Mid-Twentieth-Century Britain. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2009. Bond, Chris. “A Handful of Dust: Evelyn Waugh as Satiric Reformer.” English Review 19.3 (February 2009): 28+.

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Brideshead Revisited (2008). Colin Carman, “Can Brideshead Survive Another Revisit?” Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide, May-June 2009: 50. Byrne, Paula. Mad World: Evelyn Waugh and the Secrets of Brideshead. London: Harper Press, 2009. Reviewed by Alexander Waugh, “Genius Loci,” Literary Review, August 2009: 26; Philip Womack, Daily Telegraph, 14 August 2009; Peter Parker, “What the butlers saw,” TLS, 16 October 2009: 13, and “Brideshead Revealed,” TimesOnline, 14 October 2009: http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article6874402.ece; Kirkus Reviews, 1 December 2009; Sam Leith, “Let me not be mad,” Spectator, 29 August 2009: 301-31; Bookseller, 14 August 2009: 9; “Secrets Revisited,” Bookseller, 21 August 2009: 38; Philip Hoare, “Why the glamour of Brideshead will never stale—for me at least,” Times, 22 August 2009: 1; Frances Wilson, “Stranger than Fiction,” Sunday Times, 16 August 2009: 34; Donat Gallagher, “The Lygons of Madresfield and Evelyn Waugh,” EWNS 41.1 (Spring 2010); Robert Murray Davis, "Wealth of Details," EWNS 41.2 (Autumn 2010). Carnochan, W. B. Golden Legends (2008). Reviewed by Richard Reid, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 72 (2009): 411-12. Christensen, Timothy M. “‘A Dark and Hidden Thing’: Evelyn Waugh, Cannibalism, and the Problem of African Christianity.” Colloquy: Text Theory Critique 16 (December 2008): 173-97. http://www.colloquy.monash.edu.au/issue016/christensen.pdf Daniel, Clay. “An Allusion to Clarissa in Waugh’s Unconditional Surrender.” ANQ 22.4 (Fall 2009): 46-50. Deer, Patrick. Culture in Camouflage: War, Empire, and Modern British Literature. Oxford and New York: Oxford UP, 2009. “Delving into history of Lancing College.” West Sussex Gazette, 25 November 2009: http://www.westsussextoday.co.uk/wsgcolumnists/Delving-into-history-of-Lancing.5855320.jp

Flanery, Patrick Denman. “Readership, Authority, and Identity: Some Competing Texts of Evelyn Waugh’s A Handful of Dust.” Papers of the Bibliographic Society of America, September 2009: 337-56. Flint, James. “English Catholics and the Proposed Soviet Alliance, 1939.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 48 (1997): 468-84. Gallagher, Donat. “Court of Inquiry: Additional Waugh Bibliography.” EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009). Garner-Jones, Susan. "Brideshead Revisited." Literary Encyclopedia, 31 May 2008: http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=6207. Gekoski, Rick. Tolkien’s Gown & Other Stories of Great Authors and Rare Books. London: Constable, 2004, and Nabokov’s Butterfly & Other Stories of Great Authors & Rare Books. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2004. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “Brideshead Resold,” EWNS 41.1 (Spring 2010). Hastings, Selina. “House of Memories.” Spectator, 2 September 2009: http://www.spectator.co.uk/books/5302001/house-of-memories.thtml. Henville, Letitia. “Vile Bodies as Old Comedy.” EWNS 39.3 (Winter 2009). Hooson, Anwen. “Reading for Pleasure” (Handful of Dust). Bookseller, 16 October 2009: 24. James, David, and Philip Tew, eds. New Versions of Pastoral: Post-Romantic, Modern, and Contemporary Responses to the Tradition. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson UP, 2009. Johnson, Allan. “Ambrose Silk, The Yellow Book, and The Ivory Tower: Influence and Jamesian Aesthetics in Put Out More Flags.” EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009). Joyce, Simon. The Victorians in the Rearview Mirror. Athens: Ohio UP, 2007. Reviewed by Jason B. Jones, Victorian Studies 52.1 (Autumn 2009): 136-38. Kervina, Toni. “The Literary Essentials; Evelyn Waugh.” Life Epicurean, 28 August 2009. Kohlmann, Benjamin. “‘The Heritage of Symbolism’: Henry Green, Maurice Bowra, and English Modernism in the 1920s.” MLN, December 2009: 1188-1210. Korte, Barbara. Represented Reporters (2008). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 2009. Kubiak, David. “Memories of an Aesthete” (Brideshead). Modern Age 51.3-4 (Summer-Fall 2009): 314-25. file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

Lebedoff, David. The Same Man (2008). Reviewed by Alison Hood, Bookpage, August 2008; David Drobelle, Washington Post, 3 August 2008; Allen Barra, Minneapolis Star Tribune, 3 August 2008; Vineyard Gazette, 5 August 2008; Michael Dirda, “Shocked by the New,” Wall Street Journal, 7 August 2008; New York Observer, 11 August 2008; International Herald Tribune, 29 August 2008; New Yorker, 1 September 2008; Calgary Herald, 14 September 2008; Tampa Tribune, 2 November 2008; Washington Times, 9 November 2008; Matthew Peters, “‘Same Man,’ or odd couple?” Boston Globe, 23 November 2008; Nathaniel Peters, “Not the Same Man,” Books & Culture; Phillip Gainsley, Minnesota Law & Politics, June/July 2009; J. M. Utell, Choice 46.8 (April 2009): 1499. Lilley, George, Stephen Holden, & Keith C. Marshall, eds., Anthony Powell and the Oxford of the 1920s (2004). Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “From Oxford to Hollywood,” EWNS 39.3 (Winter 2009). Lilley, George, & Keith C. Marshall, eds., Proceedings of the Anthony Powell Centenary Conference (2007). Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “From Oxford to Hollywood,” EWNS 39.3 (Winter 2009). Littlewood, Ian. "Black Mischief." Literary Encyclopedia, 27 November 2002: http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=6278. Littlewood, Ian. "Decline and Fall." Literary Encyclopedia, 17 July 2001: http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=5657. Littlewood, Ian. "Edmund Campion." Literary Encyclopedia, 27 November 2002: http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=10620. Littlewood, Ian. "Evelyn Waugh." Literary Encyclopedia, 8 January 2001: http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=4632. Littlewood, Ian. "A Handful of Dust." Literary Encyclopedia, 11 December 2002: http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=7143. Logan, Caity. “Sword of Honour: Identity and Possession.” EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009). Lothian, James R. The Making and Unmaking of the English Catholic Intellectual Community, 1910-1950. U of Notre Dame P, 2009. Reviewed by Conscience 30.2 (Summer 2009): 51; Robert Murray Davis, "Unobtrusive Clarity," EWNS 41.3 (Winter 2011, below). Lusty, Heather Lynn. “Architecture and Nostalgia in the British Modern Novel.” DAI-A 70.11 (May 2010). U of Nevada, Las Vegas, 2009. Maclaren-Ross, Julian. Selected Letters. Ed. Paul Willetts. London: Black Spring, 2008. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “Genuine Literary Promise,” EWNS 41.2 (Autumn 2010). Manley, Jeffrey A. "'The Red-Knee’d Officer': Evelyn Waugh’s Cameo Appearance in Ferdinand Mount’s Novel The Man Who Rode Ampersand (1975)." EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009). Manzanera, Laura. “Brideshead: El Discreto Encanto de la Aristocracia.” Clio: Revista de historia 85 (2008): 110. Massie, Allan. “Getting into Character” (Brideshead). Spectator, 3 June 2009. McInerny, David. “Sloth: The Besetting Sin of the Age?” Logos 12.1 (Winter 2009): 38-61. McKay, Marina. Modernism and World War II (2007). Reviewed by Debra Rae Cohen, “Modernism’s Passage through the Blitz,” Twentieth-Century Literature 54.4 (Winter 2008): 526-30. Mendelsohn, Daniel. “Retorn a Evelyn Waugh.” L’Avenç: Revista de historia i cultura 340 (2008): 42-49. Milthorpe, Naomi Elizabeth. “Systems of Order: The Satirical Novels of Evelyn Waugh.” PhD diss. Australian National U, 2009. Australian Digital Theses Program. Mitchell, Leslie. Maurice Bowra: A Life. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2009. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “Mr. Samgrass Rides Again, or The Warden’s Regress,” EWNS 40.3 (Winter 2010). Moffat, Rachel Heidi. “Perspectives on Africa in Travel Writing: Representations of Ethiopia, Kenya, Republic of Congo, and South Africa, 1930-2000.” PhD diss. U of Glasgow, 2009. Glasgow Thesis Service. Mosley, Diana. The Pursuit of Laughter: Essays, Articles, Reviews & Diary of the Most Controversial Mitford Sister. Ed. Martin Rynja. London: Gibson Square, 2009. Mulvagh, Jane. Madresfield (2008). Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “The Real Brideshead,” file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009); Donat Gallagher, “The Lygons, the Flytes and Evelyn Waugh,” Quadrant (March 2010): 96-99, and “The Lygons of Madresfield and Evelyn Waugh,” EWNS 41.1 (Spring 2010). O’Connell, John. “Lore of the Manor” (Brideshead). New Statesman, 4 June 2009. Oram, Richard W. “The Loved One.” Encyclopedia of Death and the Human Experience. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2009. 672-75. Oram, Richard W. “‘Victorian Blood Book’ from the Library of Evelyn Waugh,” e-News (Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin), February 2009: http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/enews/2009/february/bloodbook.html Parrinder, Patrick. Nation and Novel (2006). Reviewed by Jonathan Pitcher, “Homely Thoughts,” EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009). Ross, Michael L. Race Riots (2006). Reviewed by Jane Mattisson, English Studies 90.2 (April 2009): 249-50; Lewis MacLeod, “Laughing Up or Laughing Down?” EWNS 40.3 (Winter 2010). Scoop, BBC Radio 4, 2009. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley, “Just About Right,” EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009); Paul Donova, “Pick of the Day,” Sunday Times, 15 February 2009: 55. Shelden, Andrew. “Evelyn Waugh in VQR.” Virginia Quarterly Review (blog), 15 July 2009. Sinclair, Peter M. “Narrative and Eschatology: Graham Greene, Evelyn Waugh, Muriel Spark, and the Theology of Narrative.” DAI-A 71.1 (July 2010). U of Connecticut, 2009. Suh, Judy. Fascism and Anti-Fascism in Twentieth-Century British Fiction. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. Taylor, D. J. Bright Young People (2007). Reviewed by Eileen Chanin, History Australia 6.1 (April 2009); Robert Murray Davis, “Two Further Points,” EWNS 41.2 (Autumn 2010). Usui, Yoshiharu. “Abstracts of Japanese Essays on Evelyn Waugh, 1948-1959.” EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009). Usui, Yoshiharu. “Abstracts of Japanese Essays on Evelyn Waugh, 1955-1961.” EWNS 40.2 (Autumn 2009). Usui, Yoshiharu. “Evelyn Waugh’s Outfit.” EWNS 39.3 (Winter 2009). Waugh, Evelyn. Brideshead Revisited (1945). Reviewed by Stephen Wright, Nursing Standard, 16 December 2009: 28. Waugh, Evelyn. Decline and Fall (1928). Reviewed by Jess Bowie, “You’re Reading,” Times, 31 October 2009: 12. Waugh, Evelyn. Helena (1950). Reviewed by Valerie Esplen, “You’re Reading,” Times, 21 March 2009: 12. Waugh, Evelyn. Waugh Abroad (2003). Reviewed by David Hart Bentley, “When the Going was Bad: On Evelyn Waugh’s Travel Writings,” In the Aftermath: Provocations and Laments, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009, 63-68. (Originally published in First Things, May 2004: 7.) Waugh, Evelyn. Waugh in Abyssinia (1936). Reviewed by G. Marudhan and Jeff Pearce, Critique. Waugh, Evelyn. Waugh in Abyssinia (2007). Reviewed by Michael S. Sweeney, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 86.1 (Spring 2009): 244-45. Whittle, Stephen. “Latin America: Ignorance and Irony in The Loved One.” EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009). Wieland, Leanna. “Sacred and Regenerative Space in the Modern Novel.” MA thesis, Wake Forest U, 2009. http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/handle/10339/14756 Wilkin, Peter. “(Tory) Anarchy in the UK: The Very Peculiar Practice of Tory Anarchism.” Anarchist Studies 17.1 (Spring-Summer 2009): 48-72. Wilson, Gerard. "The Christian novelist--where are the limts?" September 2009 (revised February 2010): http://www.gerardcharleswilson.com/Christian%20novel%20and%20its%20limits.pdf Wilson, John Howard. “Evelyn Waugh: A Supplementary Checklist of Criticism.” EWNS 39.3 (Winter 2009). Wilson, John Howard. “Evelyn Waugh: A Supplementary Checklist of Criticism.” EWNS 40.1 (Spring 2009). Yiannapoulos, Milo. “Revisiting Waugh’s deeply spiritual novel” (Helena). Catholic Herald file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

13 March 2009. Young, B. W. “Preludes and Postludes to Gibbon: Variations on an Impromptu by J. G. A. Pocock.” History of European Ideas 35.4 (December 2009): 418-32. Zhou, Ping. “The Analysis of the Narrative Situation in ‘Mr. Loveday’s Little Outing.’” Academic Exchange (January 2006).

Abstracts of Japanese Essays on Evelyn Waugh, 1991-1998 by Yoshiharu Usui

Iseki, Tetsuya. “Evelyn Waugh: The Loved One, Sono Fuushiteki Sokumen ni Tsuite [An Aspect of its Satire].” Kassui Review 34 (1991): 15-30. Abstract: This novel has a concrete symbol in a huge American cemetery park. It is known as a work that satirizes the American burial-service industry. It is natural that Waugh’s object should be this huge industry, the symbol of commercialism. He uses parodies and organic plot construction, such as the phone conversations between Aimee and Guru Brahmin, and between the lady who lost her dog and Dennis. Not only does Waugh satirize materialism in America and Britain, but he also indicates it is a universal problem. Dennis’s returning home seems to symbolize escaping from the world of ‘memento mori’. Though he was rescued from death, it is hard to say that he won a victory. His last words before returning home seem to echo Waugh, who tries to find the meaning of a full life in a materialistic society.

Okuyama, Yasuharu. “Evurin Wo Ichiaku No Chiri” [“Evelyn Waugh A Handful of Dust”]. Waseda Daigaku Hogakkai Jinbunronshu [Humanitas of Waseda University Society of Law] 30 (1992): 219-25. Abstract: Evelyn Waugh’s A Handful of Dust parodies Thomas Malory’s Le Morte d'Arthur. The proof is that Hetton Abbey, the manor house of the protagonist, Tony Last, is English Gothic in style and the names of its rooms come from Le Morte d'Arthur. Hetton is Camelot. Arthur is Tony. Guinevere is Brenda. Lancelot is John Beaver. Sir Galahad is John Andrew. Mrs. Beaver is a barbarian. Gawain is Jock. Morgan le Fay is Jenny Abdul Akbar or Milly. The Holy Grail is the lost city in the Amazon. To write a parody, Waugh employs Ben Jonson’s ‘humor characters’. Tony is a man of good will. Brenda is a typical beautiful woman. Mrs. Beaver is a bad woman or witch. John Beaver is a servant of the witch. John Andrew is Master of Ceremonies. Jock is a political person. Dr. Messinger is a guide in Tony’s search for the Holy Grail. Mr. Todd is either Satan or a holy man who guides Tony to God. Waugh describes these characters very minutely so they are not stereotyped.

Ishii, Yoshihiro. “Evurin Wo no Suibo ni tsuite―Shi to saisei no monogatari” [“On Evelyn Waugh’s Decline and Fall: The Story of Death and Revival”]. Hiroshima Shudai ronshui [Studies in the Humanities and Sciences of Hiroshima Shudo University]. 32.2 (1992): 65-78. Abstract: Ronald Firbank overcame nineteenth-century novelists’ fetters of causality. In A Little Order, Evelyn Waugh says that Firbank's style is extremely modern and defends him against criticism. Waugh compares himself with Firbank. Waugh’s Decline and Fall also overcomes the fetters of causality through the unreasonable coincidence of Paul Pennyfeather’s story. This feature is common among Waugh’s major works. Another feature of Waugh’s works is that two forces move his characters. One force is death. This force makes Tony Last go to Brazil. The other force is revival. This force compels Sebastian, Julia and Lord Marchmain to recover their faith. These two forces are already evident in Decline and Fall. Prendergast succumbs to the former force. However, Paul goes back to Oxford through the latter force. The former is related to Waugh’s adoration of the medieval world. The latter is related to his Catholicism.

Sakamoto, Hikaru. “A Handful of Dust: Introduction of Tragic Aspects.” Hiyoshi Kiyo Eigo Eibei Bungaku [Hiyoshi Review of English Studies ] 21 (1993): 87-100.

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Abstract: Evelyn Waugh was obsessed with the loss of value systems. A Handful of Dust succeeds in revealing Waugh’s obsession, which is introduced in earlier novels. Behind pungent humor, Waugh introduces tragic aspects, and that makes A Handful of Dust a tragicomedy. Waugh uses his obsession to examine reality, and his yearning for lost order creates satires. In A Handful of Dust, Waugh confronts his obsession by integrating two motifs: the old house and the external power. A Handful of Dust is an introspective novel. It is a story of awakening and the journey of introspection. Four years after his conversion to Roman Catholicism, Waugh wrote a story of his own introspection and revealed the obsession that had led him to religion.

Sai, Takanori. “Evurin Wo no shousetsu―Futatsu no muzukashisa” [“Evelyn Waugh’s Novels―Two Impediments”]. Eibei Bunka [British and American Culture] 28 (1998): 53-63. Abstract: Evelyn Waugh’s novels have two impediments for foreign readers. One of them is Englishness. Waugh’s novels are written with strong English idioms for English readers. The second is the frivolousness of characters. However, Waugh’s intention is very serious and he depicts the decline of modern English culture. Waugh also shows readers how precious it is to live foolishly without calculating. In this respect his novels have a modern meaning, the search for a way of life in the present age. The critical situation of English culture described by Waugh is surprisingly similar to that of Japanese culture at present. Waugh’s novels show us how important it is to live foolishly when we face the critical conditions of our culture.

Reviews

A Perfect Friend The Pursuit of Laughter: Essays, Articles, Reviews & Diary of the Most Controversial Mitford Sister, by Diana Mosley. Ed. Martin Rynja. London: Gibson Square Books, 2009. 570 pp. £8.99 paperback. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley.

Diana Mosley (1910-2003) was one of a number of attractive women who were close friends and confidantes of Evelyn Waugh at one time or another. Waugh’s friendship with Diana Mosley (then Guinness) flourished in the months following the break-up of his first marriage, when she was nineteen, married to his Oxford friend Bryan Guinness, and pregnant with her first child. During this period (1929-30), Waugh was virtually a member of her households in London, Paris, and Sussex. They had a falling out after she gave birth to her first son in March 1930.[1] According to later correspondence, she wanted to re-establish contacts with other friends after confinement, and he resented the reduced attention. She was annoyed by his possessiveness, and he was more and more taken up with his unsuccessful courtship of Teresa Jungman.[2] Their friendship began to recover in 1966 shortly before Waugh’s death, when they exchanged letters and each accepted some responsibility for the rupture.

Diana had an eventful and controversial life. She left Bryan Guinness to become the mistress and later the wife of Oswald Mosley, leader of the British fascist movement. Through him, she met leaders of the Nazi party in Germany and, although her husband and Hitler never got along, she was closely acquainted with the Fuhrer. Diana and Oswald both believed that England’s war with Germany was a mistake and would destroy Britain’s economy and Empire. They felt that the real enemy was the Soviet Union. She was jailed during the war, following her husband, after being reported to the police by her ex-father-in-law, Colonel Guinness (not her sister Nancy, as thought at the time). She entered Holloway Prison in June 1940, shortly after the birth of her fourth child, Max, and remained there for three and a half years.

After the war, Diana lived with her husband in virtual exile in Paris, where both were unrepentant for opposition to Britain’s war policies. They published a privately circulated journal, The European: she edited and contributed, and they both found an outlet for views

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rejected by the popular press. Several of these articles, collected here, present the continuing decline of the British Empire and economic austerity in England as proof that their prewar positions were correct. Diana became a close friend of the Duchess of Windsor, and she published a memoir of her in 1980. Diana also began to publish reviews and articles in the popular press on less controversial topics, such as literature and art, most frequently in Books and Bookmen and the Evening Standard, where A. N. Wilson was literary editor. In 1977, she published her autobiography, A Life of Contrasts, and offered no apology for her political views. In 1985, she published a memoir entitled Loved Ones, including a piece on Waugh. The new volume contains selections from all these sources (including the Waugh memoir). She continued to live in Paris until her death in 2003 during that summer’s heat wave. The Pursuit of Laughter also includes the last two interviews she gave, in 2002 and 2003.

Comments on her friendship with Waugh are scattered throughout this volume, but the most sustained and interesting references are in book reviews, her 1985 memoir, and her final interview. She frequently comes to Waugh’s defense against others’ charges of rudeness, snobbishness, or drunkenness. In an Evening Standard review of Selina Hastings’s 1994 biography of Waugh, Diana comments on the conclusions that Waugh was one of the “great prose stylists” of the twentieth century but also “a monster.” Conceding that Waugh could be a handful when worse for drink (especially in the presence of drunken friends), Diana asserts that “If Selina Hastings could have spent one single day with Evelyn Waugh, how enormously she would have appreciated the irresistible charm of the man, the cleverness, the sharply expressed and individual point of view, the wonderful jokes, the laughter.” She offers a similar comment on W. F. Deedes’s 2003 memoir At War with Waugh: he “detects [Waugh] the monster but not, seemingly, the genius.” There are also interesting insights in reviews or essays relating to several of Waugh’s friends, such as Harold Acton, Henry Green, Gerald Berners, and Cyril Connolly. Except perhaps for Connolly, she was a friend of these writers as well.

In Diana’s memoir of Waugh, from her 1985 collection Loved Ones (obviously a Wavian allusion), she defends Waugh against charges of bad behavior: “He liked people, I suppose as most of us do, because they amused him, or he was fond of them or he found them stimulating company…. He disliked those who bored or irritated him.” She cites Tom Driberg, a socialist politician and notorious homosexual, as the sort of person whose friendship could hardly have advanced Waugh’s standing.

Diana’s own friendship with Waugh lasted only about a year and coincided with the flowering of the Bright Young People. Diana recalls Waugh’s introduction to the catalogue for the Bruno Hat art hoax (“An Approach to Hat”). According to Diana, Waugh was never a bright young person: his “opinion of the group was unflattering but … funny enough to make a novel,” Vile Bodies. He did not like to attend their parties, since he “had to put on a white tie for a grand ball, nor yet disguise himself in fancy dress as the more bohemian of [Diana’s] friends loved to do.”[3]

Diana and her husband lent Waugh a country cottage in Sussex to write his next book, Labels. Both VB and Labels are dedicated “with love to Diana and Bryan Guinness”; in Labels, Waugh added that without their “encouragement and hospitality this book would not have been finished.” She introduced him to Randolph Churchill at the christening of her first child, Jonathan Guinness: Churchill and Waugh were both godfathers. Waugh’s announcement that he had contracted to write a life of Swift inspired the selection of Jonathan’s name. Diana thought “it seemed a good compromise between English and Gaelic.” After the christening on 11 April 1930, however, Diana says that she and Waugh began to drift apart (425). The final rupture seems to have been his refusal to join the Guinnesses and friends for a holiday at Knockmaroon in Ireland. The group included Nancy Mitford, the Henry Lambs, and the Henry Yorkes, all friends of Waugh, but he was reluctant to go because of Lytton Strachey, whom he did not know. Diana notes that Waugh had also started to see Father Martin D’Arcy about converting to Catholicism. According to Diana, religious instruction was “the beginning of something much file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

more important to Evelyn than friendship” (427).

There was little contact between 1930, when relations cooled, and 1966, when communications were restored. Waugh occasionally wrote to her and sent copies of most of his books, but they met only for an occasional lunch with “never a crossed word.” Evelyn told her that he prayed for her every day, but Gerald Berners assured her that “God doesn’t pay any attention to Evelyn” (490).

Diana wrote to Waugh in early1966, when she was contemplating her autobiography, and asked for his recollection of their estrangement. In response to his detailed answer, she sent another letter mentioning similarities between herself and Lucy Simmonds, heroine of Work Suspended. These include Lucy’s pregnancy and a visit to the zoo.[4] Despite the similarities, Diana assumed that she was not the model for Lucy: if she had been like Lucy, Waugh “would not have wished to spend two hours with me.”[5] Waugh replied that the story was “a portrait of me in love with you,” but there was “not a single point in common between you and the heroine except pregnancy” (Letters 638-39).[6] Waugh seems to have thought that the connection with Lucy had troubled Diana. She had been joking, and Waugh’s reaction indicated that he had not been well.[7] He died a few days later. Diana concludes the memoir with another reference to charges of rudeness and drunkenness leveled at Waugh and recalls that during their brief friendship, he “drank very little.” She concedes that “perhaps the Evelyn I knew was not typical. Be that as it may, he was a perfect friend.”[8] The Waugh memoir includes extensive quotations from four of Waugh’s letters not reproduced in the 1980 edition.

Diana’s last published interview relates mainly to Waugh. The Pursuit of Laughter concludes with this interview, conducted at her Paris flat in the spring of 2003, shortly before her death. She repeats many highlights of her friendship with Waugh recorded in earlier writing. Waugh had given the manuscript of VB to Bryan and her, and in 1984 it turned up in the library of their son Jonathan Guinness, Waugh’s godson. It was sold at auction for £55,000, and Diana thought Jonathan had probably been hard up. She thought that Waugh always saw the funny side of everything in the early days and became serious only later: “Small and like a little ball of energy, but later with definite, furious opinions about everything…. Hopping up and down in those vivid checks.”

Readers will find much to enjoy in addition to Diana Mosley’s truncated friendship with Waugh. Diana’s reviews and articles on French and German subjects demonstrate breadth and depth of knowledge, despite her lack of formal education. The 2009 paperback edition of The Pursuit of Laughter includes memoirs of Gerald Berners and Oswald Mosley, as well as the last two interviews--none of these appeared in the 2008 hardback. The same publisher has also reissued the 2002 edition of her autobiography, A Life of Contrasts, introduction by Selina Hastings. There is, however, less material on Waugh in that volume, much of it repeated in The Pursuit of Laughter.

Notes [1] After a hiatus of eighteen months, Waugh’s diaries resume on 19 May 1930. His contact with Diana seems to have been congenial until 5 July, when he mentions quarrels. On 9 July, they met at a cocktail party, and he “just said goodbye to her.” On 17 July, they met again, and she was “friendly and reproachful-looking.” Waugh wrote a note “trying to explain that it was my fault that I did not like her, not hers” (Diaries 320-22). Diana then drops out of Waugh’s diaries. Her memoir includes a copy of the note (427). [2] In 2002, Diana wrote that relations with bosom friends “must not in any way be exclusive; it was that which ruined my friendship with Evelyn.” See Charlotte Mosley, ed., The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters (New York: Harpers, 2007), 803. Friendships with Gerald Berners and Count de Baglion lasted until death. [3] The assertion that Waugh did not like parties during the BYP period may seem a stretch, but file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

Diana stuck to her guns a few years later when interviewed by the BBC. In the 1987 BBC Arena series The Waugh Trilogy, Part I: Bright Young People, she insisted that Waugh did not like parties even though most of his friends attended, and since parties were the whole point of the BYP, his distaste for them put him outside the group. See also A Life of Contrasts: “He disliked [balls]” (79). [4] She does not mention several other similarities, including the narrator’s infatuation with Lucy, the narrator’s university friendship with her husband, and the fact that both husband and narrator are writers, although the narrator seems to have been more successful. Bryan Guinness was an Oxford friend of Waugh and aspired to be a novelist but never approached the success attained by Waugh. In addition, the narrator’s close relationship with Lucy during pregnancy resembles Waugh’s with Diana. [5] Diana is probably referring to Lucy’s earnestness, lack of humor, and social propriety, her easy acceptance of her husband’s old friends despite their faults. She seems too good to be true and rather boring—not the sort of person Waugh would enjoy for hours. [6] Waugh borrowed some characteristics from Diana but also drew on other sources and his imagination. Lucy is an independently wealthy orphan (but not from a grand family), a Marxist married to an impoverished writer, and in these ways quite unlike Diana. Moreover, Lucy accompanied the narrator house hunting, like Diana Cooper but not Diana Mosley. [7] As Diana told the editor of Waugh’s Letters, she did not believe herself lampooned in Lucy but meant to cheer Waugh up by making him think “he’d got his own back a bit” (639 n1). In an April 1966 letter to one of her sisters, Diana said the same: “I never really thought the bore in [Work Suspended] was me; but it was my turn to be humble, if you see what I mean” (The Mitfords 459). [8] In a 1999 letter to one of her sisters, Diana mentions reading about Waugh’s weaknesses and concludes: “I think I had the best of him 1929-1930. He didn’t drink, never seemed silly or snobbish, loved chatting and jokes and we had such fun in Paris…. What made him become so awful? The demon drink perhaps, also the war and its disillusions. Poor Laura what a fate. She died age 57” (The Mitfords 791-92).

Unobtrusive Clarity The Making and Unmaking of the English Catholic Intellectual Community, 1910-1950, by James R. Lothian. Notre Dame, Indiana: Notre Dame University Press, 2009. $60.00. Reviewed by Robert Murray Davis, University of Oklahoma.

Although, on James R. Lothian’s showing, Hilaire Belloc gave a voice to Roman Catholic aspirations and through his influence on a first generation of followers—G. K. Chesterton, Fr. Vincent McNabb, O.P., and Eric Gill—and a younger and more diverse group that included Douglas Jerrold, Christopher Hollis, Douglas Woodruff, Arnold Lunn, Tom Burns, and Evelyn Waugh—he argues toward the end of the book that that influence lasted well beyond its usefulness as political and economic theory and implies throughout that, except in comparison with Belloc’s Catholic contemporaries, he hardly deserved to be called an intellectual.

After Belloc moved from political radicalism to political Catholicism, he established three main tenets. The first was monarchism, or rather the desire for a strong leader. Belloc’s distaste for parliamentary democracy led to philo-Fascist support for Mussolini and Franco. Distributism encouraged back-to-the-land smallness and localism, which may be a pretty idea. But as Mustapha Mond points out, in favor of industrialism’s ability to produce the masses of goods necessary to support a wildly increasing population, a million million people are hard to bury. The last, “triumphalist Catholic history,” turned history into a means of demonstrating that England was essentially Roman Catholic, that the Reformation destroyed a vital economic and cultural world far superior to everything that had replaced it, and, by definition, that the triumphalist Whig historians lauding the age of Elizabeth were partisan and mistaken. The

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common denominator was a distaste for most aspects of the modern world.

Lothian traces Belloc’s historiography to the fortress mentality of English Catholics, understandable after centuries of repression, which had its last gasp in the edict, established by Cardinal Wiseman and continued by Cardinal Manning, that Catholic students could not attend Oxford or Cambridge. Ironically, Belloc and many of his followers of the second generation attended Oxford. All, like Waugh in Edmund Campion and Waugh in Abyssinia, to an extent in Robbery Under Law/Mexico: An Object Lesson, and implicitly in Sword of Honour, looked backward to the early sixteenth century and beyond for social models. Some were more distributist than others, Waugh, who, as far as I can tell, had no interest in economic theory or policy except to try to avoid taxes, perhaps least of all.

Of his generation, Waugh was the only writer of any stature. Douglas Jerrold, Christopher Hollis, Douglas Woodruff, and Michael de la Bedoyère were editors, more or less committed to like-minded English Bellocians. As publishers, Frank Sheed and Maisie Ward were more open to continental Catholic writers and even non-Catholics. But not until Christopher Dawson emerged as counter-theorist, maintaining the need to engage with the world and to regard history as scholarship rather than apologetics, was there a serious challenge to Belloc’s ideas. Even Dawson supported Franco for a while, but he opposed the idea, or rather hope, that a Latin Catholic Bloc consisting of France, Spain, Portugal, and Italy could join with Britain to oppose Nordic Protestant nations that Belloc had hated since the Franco-Prussian war. It is difficult in hindsight to see this as anything but willful ignorance of geopolitical realities, and it faded rapidly at the beginning of World War II.

Like Guy Crouchback in the war trilogy and Waugh in his diaries, Catholics were relieved at the Molotov-von Ribbentrop treaty that brought the enemy into one camp and full view. Hitler’s attack on Russia disturbed a number of people, including Waugh, who had hoped that Christian nations had banded together against secular and totalitarian threats and who had not yet fully accepted the view that democracy rather than Christianity needed full support during the war.

Some of these people were prodded if not into full acceptance then at least into silence by the maneuverings of Barbara Ward, who managed to turn the Dublin Review into a place where Catholics of the Left and Right could discuss the issues freely, and by Cardinal Hinsley (the name but not the character went into The Loved One), who not only supported the war effort but tirelessly maintained, on the air and in print, that Catholics not only could be but were patriotic Englishmen. Jerrold and others still fighting the Spanish Civil War on the Nationalist and therefore anti-Communist side and those who clung to the Latin Catholic Bloc fantasy until Italy’s entry on the Axis side never fully abandoned hopes of a Catholic political resurgence.

After the United States entered the war, the uneasy Catholic popular front fragmented, but after Allied victory, it became clear even to the hardest-dying Bellocian that the parliamentary democracies he detested had proven superior to the totalitarian regimes he had supported. English Catholics began to assimilate not only into the life of their country but into the intellectual life of Europe and the wider world, heavily modifying Sebastian’s view in Brideshead Revisited that Catholics are not like anyone else, “particularly in this country, where they're so few. It's not just that they're a clique--as a matter of fact, they're at least four cliques all blackguarding each other half the time--but they've got an entirely different outlook on life; everything they think important is different from other people.”

Lothian believes that the movement away from Belloc’s influence led, somewhat indirectly, to the aggiornamento of Pope John XXIII and the Second Vatican Council—parallel to, if anticipating, Mikhail Gorbachev’s glasnost. Even if Lothian is right, in both cases, conservative forces have launched a counter-reformation. In more local terms, one can see the effect of contact with a broader world in David Lodge’s How Far Can You Go (in the U.S., Souls and

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Bodies), which traces the further fragmentation of Catholic loyalties for thirty years past the end of the period covered by Lothian’s book.

Students of Waugh will discover that the eighteen pages devoted to him give a sober, largely accurate, and somewhat judgmental view of his views of Mussolini and Franco, but these are no harsher than for other figures in the history. Since Woodruff and to a lesser extent Jerrold published some of Waugh’s more loaded political statements in the 1930s, the associations can seem guilty. More generally interesting is Lothian’s portrait of a world in which Waugh kept one foot while planting the other in that of the clever, titled, and fashionable, or sometimes all three. Like the central character in his fragmentary schoolboy novel, Waugh could keep different parts of his life in separate compartments. Of minor interest are the appearances of Alick Dru, Waugh’s brother-in-law, who learned Danish in order to translate Kierkegaard, and of Gabriel Herbert, his sister-in-law, who went to Spain with an ambulance and thus is far more likely than Lady Dorothy Lygon, Paula Byrne’s candidate in Mad World, to be the model for Cordelia Flyte.

For readers more interested in general views than in details of ancient ideological skirmishes, the epilogue gives a pointed abstract of the book as a whole. But the book is well worth reading for its own sake. Lothian writes with unobtrusive clarity—greater praise than that would have seemed thirty years ago—and has done massive amounts of research for what began as a dissertation but shows no stigmata from that genre. The fact that, with a book of this very high quality, he is at present a visiting assistant professor says a good deal about the present job market in the humanities.

Waugh the Parodist The Oxford Book of Parodies, ed. John Gross. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. 416 pp. $29.95. Reviewed by Jeffrey A. Manley.

Although usually considered a satirist, Waugh has developed a reputation as a parodist as well. A parody written by Waugh was included in the recent Oxford Book of Parodies. Editor John Gross gives this poem the title “The Suicide of Sir Francis Hinsley.”[1] It first appeared in The Loved One (Penguin 69):

They told me, Francis Hinsley, they told me you were hung With red protruding eye-balls and black protruding tongue; I wept as I remembered how often you and I Had laughed about Los Angeles and now ‘tis here you’ll lie; Here pickled in formaldehyde and painted like a whore, Shrimp-pink incorruptible, not lost nor gone before.

This is based on the poem “Heraclitus” written by noted master at Eton College and poet William Johnson Cory (1823-92):

They told me, Heraclitus, they told me you were dead, They brought me bitter news to hear and bitter tears to shed. I wept as I remember'd how often you and I Had tired the sun with talking and sent him down the sky.

And now that thou art lying, my dear old Carian guest, A handful of grey ashes, long, long ago at rest, Still are thy pleasant voices, thy nightingales, awake; For Death, he taketh all away, but them he cannot take.

Cory in turn based his poem on an epigram by the classical Greek poet-scholar of the Library of Alexandria, Callimachus (ca. 310-240 BC), about the philosopher Heraclitus (ca. 535-ca. 475 file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

BC), whose work stressed the centrality of change as a guiding principle in the universe, perhaps best illustrated by his well-known saying, “You cannot step twice into the same river.”

Gross provides background notes relating to the plot of The Loved One and explaining the poem’s composition but fails to note that Waugh also quoted Cory’s poem in his later novel Officers and Gentlemen (1955). The Chief of the Imperial General Staff (CIGS), at a luncheon party at Julia Stitch’s, recalls the “best poem ever written in Alexandria” and recites the Cory poem, with first and last lines quoted. Another guest offers to recite it in Greek but is not encouraged (Penguin 130-31). Professor Paul A. Doyle provides this information in his useful Reader’s Companion. Waugh also mentions the poem in his biography of Ronald Knox. Knox recited the poem during his Romanes Lecture at the Sheldonian Theatre in Oxford on 11 June 1957, only a few weeks before his own death. He was visibly ill and known by close friends to be near death. Waugh comments that “most of those present recognized the words as [Knox’s] own farewell to Oxford, and some with whom of old he had ‘tired the sun with talking’, did not restrain their tears” (The Life of Ronald Knox, London, 1959, 329).

In The Loved One, Dennis Barlow has been assigned the writing of an “ode” by the current President of the Cricket Club. Sir Ambrose Abercrombie directs Dennis to have the poem in his hands “at least an hour before the time so that I can run over it in front of a mirror … I shall recite it at graveside.” Dennis retreats to the Lake Island of Innisfree in the Whispering Glades cemetery, the family resting place of the great fruiterer who developed Kaiser’s Stoneless Peaches. Dennis composes these lines the day before the funeral service while “rhythms of the anthologies moved softly through his mind.” He also tries his hand at another poem, also quoted in the Oxford parody collection, based on the ode by Tennyson on the death of the Duke of Wellington:

Bury the great Knight With the studio’s valediction. Let us bury the great Knight Who was once the arbiter of popular fiction …

The original ode began

Bury the Great Duke With an empire’s lamentation, Let us bury the Great Duke To the noise of the mourning of a mighty nation …

That parody remains a fragment, as Dennis never completed it, which is just as well, since Tennyson’s original continues for over 280 lines.

While awaiting inspiration on the Lake Island, Dennis is interrupted by Aimée Thanatogenos. Dennis makes the fatal (for her) error of promising the delivery of future poetry. We are not told what poem Sir Ambrose Abercrombie actually read at the funeral service, but it is unlikely to have been one of those composed by Dennis and quoted above.

Note [1] Gross also included Waugh’s poem in his earlier anthology, the Oxford Book of Comic Verse (1994), where he entitled it “Lines on the Death of Sir Francis Hinsley.” It seems strange that Gross changed the title for the parody anthology.

“Writers at War” Michael Barber, author of Anthony Powell: A Life (2004), inquired about Waugh's unpublished file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

essay "Writers at War," listed by Frederick Stopp in the appendix to Evelyn Waugh: Portrait of an Artist. Donat Gallagher describes the essay as “only three double-spaced pages requested by the New York Times. Waugh agreed, as he hoped to boost sales of Men at Arms. But the Times editor asked for changes to tone down some expressions that he said ‘glorified war.’ I suspect that was a cover for more general dissatisfaction. Waugh agreed to some changes but said he would make no more, and as far as I have been able to discover it was never printed. My copy doesn’t have the Harry Ransom Center’s 'Don’t Copy' signs, so I imagine it came from the Stopp collection in Cambridge, England.”

Decline and Fall on Stage The first stage adaptation of Decline and Fall has started its run at the Old Red Lion Theatre in London. The production began on 30 November 2010 and continues through 8 January 2011. Sylvester McCoy leads a cast of seven. The adaptation was written by Henry Filloux-Bennett, and the production is directed by Tom King. More information is available at http://www.whatsonstage.com/press+releases/index.php?ct=off&md=details&id=199.

Evelyn Waugh at Margaret's Wedding A photograph of Evelyn Waugh at the wedding of his daughter Margaret is available at http://www.corbisimages.com/Enlargement/HU058072.html.

Evelyn Waugh Lecture, Dinner and Bust at Lancing College In 2008, Lancing College instituted an annual Evelyn Waugh Lecture and Dinner. Grandson Alexander Waugh spoke in 2009. Lancing has commissioned a bronze bust of Evelyn Waugh to be unveiled at the third annual dinner on 21 March 2011. For more information, please go to http://www.lancingcollege.co.uk/

Evelyn Waugh on 31 May 1942 Evelyn Waugh is mentioned in Love, Sex, Death & Words: Surprising Tales from a Year in Literature, by John Sutherland and Stephen Fender (London: Icon, 2010). On 31 May 1942, Waugh wrote a letter to his wife describing the commandos' attempt to remove a tree for Lord Glasgow. See The Letters of Evelyn Waugh, 161.

Evelyn Waugh Collection on Video The Evelyn Waugh Collection is available from Acorn Media. The collection includes A Handful of Dust (1988) and Scoop (1987) on DVD. For more information, please visit http://www.acornmedia.com/press/Evelyn_Waugh.cfm.

Waughnabes On 16 September 2010 in Foreign Policy, Emily Witt published "Waughnabes: Meet the 'young fogeys' of David Cameron's Britain." "Waughnabes" is apparently pronounced like "wannabes," or want-to-be's. In 1984, the "young fogey" was said to be "a scholar of Evelyn Waugh." The young fogeys faded in the 1990s, but they have returned with the resurgence of conservatism.

Essays on Evelyn Waugh Several essays about Evelyn Waugh are available at http://khup.com/keyword/evelyn- waugh.html.

Last of the Mitford Sisters Deborah (Duchess of) Devonshire, a.k.a. "Debo," has published Wait for Me: Memoirs of the Youngest Mitford Sister (in the UK) or Wait for Me!: Memoirs (in the USA). In Tearing Haste: Letters between Deborah Devonshire and Patrick Leigh Fermor has also been published. Please

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look for reviews in future issues of the Newsletter.

Biography of Lennox Berkeley Tony Scotland has published Lennox & Freda, a biography of composer Lennox Berkeley and his wife Freda Bernstein (Wilby, Norwich: Michael Russell, 2010; 608 pp., £28). Berkeley arranged the music for the first night of Evelyn Waugh's film The Scarlet Woman in 1925, and the book promises to provide "new perspectives on the Oxford of Auden and Waugh." More information is available at http://www.lennoxandfreda.com/.

The Best Novel about Oxford In the Guardian for 24 September 2010, novelist Val McDermid listed the top ten novels about Oxford. Brideshead Revisited was number one.

Brideshead Blog During Advent 2010, Jules Aime' is writing daily about Brideshead Revisited on his blog, Studiously Uncool: http://www.julessearchforvirtue.blogspot.com/.

Evelyn Waugh Society The Evelyn Waugh Society has 94 members. To join, please visit http://www.evelynwaughsociety.org/. The Evelyn Waugh Discussion List has 81 members. To join, please visit http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Evelyn_Waugh.

Evelyn Waugh Undergraduate Essay Contest Entries in the Sixth Annual Evelyn Waugh Undergraduate Essay Contest should be submitted to Dr. John H. Wilson, Department of English, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven PA 17745, USA, or [email protected], by 31 December 2010.

Evelyn Waugh Conference The third Evelyn Waugh Conference is scheduled for 16-19 August 2011 at Downside School and Abbey in Somerset, UK. To propose a paper, please contact Professor J. V. Long ([email protected]). To register and for more information, please contact Professor John H. Wilson ([email protected]).

Anthony Powell Conference The Sixth Biennial Anthony Powell Conference will be held at the Naval & Military Club, 4 St James's Square, London, 2-4 September 2011. The theme is "Anthony Powell's Literary London." To inquire or register, please contact the Conference Office, Anthony Powell Society, 76 Ennismore Avenue, Greenford, Middlesex, UB6 0JW, England. Phone: +44 (0)20 8864 4095. Fax: +44 (0)20 8020 1483. E-mail: [email protected]

Calvin W. Lane, 1923-2009 Calvin W. Lane passed away on 5 November 2009. He was 86 years old. Calvin W. Lane graduated from Amherst College and earned a doctorate at the University of Michigan. He contributed to the Waugh Newsletter and published Evelyn Waugh (Boston: Twayne, 1981). He retired as a professor at the Universityof Hartford. Calvin W. Lane is survived by his wife, five children, and eleven grandchildren.

Waugh and Naipaul In "V. S. Naipaul, a misanthrope abroad," published in the Times Literary Supplement on 6 October 2010, William Boyd reviews The Masque of Africa and compares Naipaul with Evelyn Waugh. Boyd focuses on A Tourist in Africa as Waugh's "laziest and worst" book. file:////uol.le.ac.uk/...ocuments/Evelyn%20Waugh/Evelyn%20Waugh%20Studies/Newsletters/March%2014%20additions/Newsletter_41_3.htm[26/03/2014 10:54:09] Newsletter_41.3

End of Evelyn Waugh Newsletter and Studies, Vol. 41, No. 3 Home Page and Back Issues Conference

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