Ensemble Émigré Grew out of Concerts Given During the ‘Singing a Song in a Foreign Land’ Project at the Royal College of Music in London

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Ensemble Émigré Grew out of Concerts Given During the ‘Singing a Song in a Foreign Land’ Project at the Royal College of Music in London Nos. 473–475 ‘Jeanne Suite’ (1943) ROBERT KAHN 1865–1951 11 No.473a in G: Moderato 1.30 1 Romanze in F minor 4.30 12 No.473b in G: Poco allegretto 0.57 13 No.473c in G: Allegretto vivace 0.45 No.1 from 3 Stücke for cello and piano Op.25 14 No.474 in E minor: Andante sostenuto 1.52 2 ’s ist ein so stiller heil’ger Tag 1.48 15 No.475 in G: Vivace 0.46 No.2 from 7 Gesänge Op.27 9 Lieder nach Gedichten von Christian Morgenstern Op.31 3 Novemberfeier 1.18 16 No.2 Liebesbrief 1.38 No.2 from 6 Lieder und Gesänge Op.20 17 No.8 Die Unke 2.14 4 Idyll No.1 from 6 Lieder Op.52 2.44 18 Feuerbestattung No.5 from 5 Lieder Op.38 2.07 5 Liebestrost No.10 from 10 Lieder Op.42 2.20 19 Gebet No.9 from 9 Lieder im Volkston Op.47 1.36 Tagebuch in Tönen (Leaves from the Tree of Life) Quintet in C minor Op.54* for piano, violin, cello, clarinet and horn (1911) 6 No.500 (Variations on No.1) in A flat: Andante (1943) 6.25 20 I. Allegro non troppo 5.30 7 No.3 in C sharp minor: Allegretto non troppo (1935) 1.18 21 II. Presto assai 3.30 8 No.4 in C sharp minor: 22 III. Andante sostenuto 6.56 Andantino con moto ‘quasi improvisato’ (1935) 1.58 23 IV. Allegro agitato 5.42 9 No.5 in F minor: Assai sostenuto ed espressivo (1935) 2.33 10 No.53 in E: Allegretto con moto (1936) 1.28 * World-premiere recording Total timing: 61.45 ENSEMBLEENSEMBLE ÉÉMIGRÉMIGRÉ Danny Driver piano · Christopher Gould piano Gemma Rosefield cello · Emily Sun violin Ingrid Pearson clarinet · Flora Bain horn Norbert Meyn tenor & director Ensemble Émigré grew out of concerts given during the ‘Singing a Song in a Foreign Land’ project at the Royal College of Music in London. This was a practical exploration of music by German and Austrian composers who came to Britain as refugees from Nazi persecution in the 1930s and has provided a great stimulus for rediscovering forgotten repertoire. Robert Kahn, one of these émigré musicians, was 73 years old when he was forced to flee his native Germany in January 1939. Suppressed by the Nazis, his music remained largely unknown for many years. This particular recording offers a selection of Kahn’s work across different genres, as well as foregrounding the extraordinary musical diary for solo piano. Kahn was born in Mannheim in 1865 into an influential and philanthropic Jewish family. Following studies in Berlin and Munich, Kahn encountered Johannes Brahms in Vienna, a meeting that proved catalytic for his musical development. Settling in Berlin in the 1890s, Kahn gained a solid reputation as a composer and pianist, counting Adolf Busch, Joseph Joachim, Richard Mühlfeld and Hans von Bülow as colleagues. His teaching post at the Königliche Hochschule für Musik enabled him to nurture younger musicians, whilst providing stability in his professional life. Until the 1930s, Kahn’s songs, chamber music and choral works were widely published and performed. Expelled from Berlin’s Akademie der Künste in 1934, Kahn withdrew to his country house in Feldberg, north of Berlin. In 1935 he began to write his Tagebuch in Tönen (Diary in Tones), composing several pieces a week for the next 14 years. Numbering a total of 1160 pieces, the cycle, also known as Leaves from the Tree of Life, would take more than 24 hours to perform in its entirety. The vast majority of the pieces (Nos. 212–1160) were written in Britain, where the composer and his wife Katharina lived in modest but comfortable circumstances in Ashtead, Surrey and Biddenden, Kent. The manuscript of the Tagebuch now resides in the music archive of the Akademie der Künste, Berlin. On this recording, Danny Driver presents a selection of the music, including two substantial pieces, No.500 (Variations on No.1) and the ‘Jeanne-Suite’ (Nos. 473–475). Kahn particularly excelled in the art of lieder, setting texts by many outstanding poets including J.W. von Goethe, Gerhart Hauptmann, Paul Heyse, Christian Morgenstern, Eduard Mörike and Friedrich Rückert. That Kahn was at home in this art form is confirmed by his output of over 200 songs. During his Berlin years Kahn appeared with celebrated singers, not least the baritone Johan Messchaert, a great champion of his music. Unlike the songs of his contemporary Richard Strauss, Kahn’s avoid operatic virtuosity, aiming instead for sincerity, naturalness, spirituality and truthful expression. Many have an almost religious atmosphere, such as Kahn’s setting of ’s ist ein so stiller, heil’ger Tag by Hauptmann, in which snow gently covers the ‘carnage of autumn’ like a shroud. Hauptmann was Germany’s 3 leading playwright and a close friend of the composer. Novemberfeier (Allmers) captures the awe-inspiring power of a storm, and Idyll (Falke) builds on the melody of the German Christmas carol Joseph, lieber Joseph mein. Liebestrost (Klett) solemnly celebrates love as a fount from the holy heart of God that brings consolation and healing. Kahn’s friendship with Christian Morgenstern, whose humorous poetry is still popular in Germany today, also resulted in a number of inspired settings. The sweet and cheeky Liebesbrief is typical Morgenstern, inviting a girl to imagine that the nightingale’s serenade was indeed her lover’s. Die Unke is a very funny poem about an ‘evil’ toad, and Kahn depicts the croaking and nagging with wonderful irony. Feuerbestattung (Lingg) is remarkable with its roaring piano bass and Brahmsian colours as it compares the flames of a funeral pyre to the fire that burned in the heart of the deceased. Gebet (Mörike) is powerful in its simplicity as the poem speaks of accepting whatever love or suffering God may bestow. In recent years, Kahn’s chamber music has experienced something of a revival, and we are delighted to be able to present the premiere recording of the Quintet Op.54. The unusual combination of instruments, including clarinet and horn, allows for an almost orchestral texture. This substantial work, full of contrast, virtuosity and sheer invention, unleashes the full power of a composer who invested all his energy into smaller forms rather than orchestral works. Furthermore, the delightful Romanze Op.25 No.1 demonstrates Kahn’s capacity for melody and mastery of form. Kahn’s music represents a vital link between the worlds of late 19th- and early 20th-century Germanic music and literature, which of course involved many leading Jewish figures. In celebrating Kahn’s music, Ensemble Émigré acknowledges its role in our collective cultural heritage. We hope it will bring both inspiration and delight to future generations. Norbert Meyn 4 Das Ensemble Émigré formierte sich im Rahmen von Konzerten innerhalb des „Singing a Song in a Foreign Land“ Projektes am Royal College of Music in London. Dabei handelte es sich um eine praktische Erkundung von Musik deutscher und österreichischer Komponisten, die in den 1930er Jahren vor den Nazis nach England geflüchtet waren; ein Projekt, das viele Anregungen zur Wiederentdeckung in Vergessenheit geratenen Repertoires lieferte. Robert Kahn, einer unter diesen emigrierten Musikern, war 73 Jahre alt, als er sich dazu gezwungen sah, 1939 sein Heimatland Deutschland zu verlassen. Da sie von den Nazis unterdrückt wurde, blieb seine Musik über lange Jahre hinweg größtenteils unbekannt. Die vorliegende Aufnahme erschließt eine ganze Reihe von Kahns Werken aus unterschiedlichen Genres, wobei namentlich das außergewöhnliche Tagebuch in Tönen für Klavier solo hervorzuheben ist. Kahn wurde 1865 in München in eine ebenso einflussreiche wie philanthropische Familie hineingeboren. Nach Studien in Berlin und München lernte Kahn in Wien dann Johannes Brahms kennen, eine Begegnung, die sich als katalytisch hinsichtlich seiner musikalischen Entwicklung erweisen sollte. Nachdem er sich in den 1890er Jahren in Berlin niedergelassen hatte, erlangte er dort eine solide Reputation als Komponist und Pianist und konnte Persönlichkeiten wie Adolf Busch, Joseph Joachim, Richard Mühlfeld und Hans von Bülow zu seinen Kollegen zählen. Seine Lehrtätigkeit an der Königlichen Hochschule für Musik erlaubte ihm einerseits, jüngere Musiker zu fördern, und sicherte ihn andererseits wirtschaftlich ab. Bis in die 1930er Jahre hinein erfreuten sich Kahns Lieder, seine Kammermusik und seine Chorwerke weiter Verbreitung und regelmäßiger Aufführung. Als er 1934 von der Berliner Akademie der Künste ausgeschlossen wurde, zog Kahn sich in sein Landhaus in Feldberg, nördlich von Berlin zurück. 1935 begann er mit seinem Tagebuch in Tönen, eine Arbeit, in deren Rahmen in den nachfolgenden 14 Jahren mehrere Stücke pro Woche entstanden. Der gesamte Zyklus, der auch unter dem Namen Blätter vom Baum des Lebens bekannt ist, umfasst 1160 Stücke, und es würde mehr als 24 Stunden dauern, wollte man ihn in seiner Gesamtheit aufführen. Der Großteil der Stücke (Nr. 212–1160) entstand in England, wo der Komponist mit seiner Frau Katharina in zwar bescheidenen, aber angenehmen Umständen in Ashtead, Surrey und Biddenden, Kent lebte. Das Manuskript des Tagebuchs befindet sich unterdessen im Musikarchiv der Akademie der Künste, Berlin. Auf dieser Aufnahme präsentiert Danny Driver eine Auswahl daraus, darunter zwei substantielle Stücke, die Nr. 500 (Variationen auf Nr. 1) und die ‘Jeanne-Suite’ (Nr. 473–475). Besonders tat sich Kahn als Liedkomponist hervor, wobei er Texte so herausragender Dichter wie Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Gerhart Hauptmann, Paul Heyse, Christian Morgenstern, Eduard Mörike und Friedrich Rückert vertonte. 5 Dass Kahn sich in dieser Kunstform heimisch fühlte, belegen seine mehr als 200 Kunstlieder. In seinen Berliner Jahren trat Kahn mit gefeierten Sängern wie dem Bariton Johan Messchaert auf, einem großen Fürsprecher seiner Musik.
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