National History Bowl National Championships Playoff Round 5

Round: Supergroup Group Room: Reader: Scorekeep:

Team Names, including letter designation if needed, go in the

large boxes to the right. TU#

Bonus Bonus Points Cumulative Score Bonus Points Cumulative Score 1 Quarter 1 2 Tossups Only 3 4 Put a "10" in the 5 column of the team 6 that answers correctly. 7 Otherwise leave box 8 blank. 9 10 1 Quarter 2 2 Tossups and bonuses 3 Put "10" in the team's 4 column. Otherwise, 5 leave box blank. 6 For bonuses, put "0" or 7 Substitutionsallowed between Qtrs all "10" in the bonus 8 column. 9 10

Quarter 3 points points 60 sec. rds - trailing team Lightning Lightning goes first. 10 pts each. Bounceback Bounceback 20 pt bonus for sweep! Total Total 1 Quarter 4 2 Tossups worth 30, 20, or 3 10 points each 4 Put the appropriate 5 number in the column of 6 the team that answers 7 correctly. Otherwise leave 8 box blank. 9 10 Tiebreakers 1 Tiebreak questions Tie Breaker (Sudden are only used 2 have no point value Victory) to determine winner! 3 at all! Final Score NHBB Nationals Bowl 2017-2018 Bowl Playoff Packet 5 Bowl Playoff Packet 5 First Quarter

(1) This meeting affirmed the excommunication of Philip the Amorous of , who had claimed that his wife Bertha was too fat and scandalously remarried Bertrade of Montfort. This meeting was prompted by Byzantine envoys to the Council of Piacenza earlier the same year. Robert the Monk claimed that the audience erupted into cries of “God wills it!” after a speech at this meeting called for the conquest of the Holy Land. For ten points, name this 1095 ecumenical council at which Urban II roused support for the First Crusade. ANSWER: Council of Clermont

(2) In 1961 in this US state, a love affair may have incited a nuclear technician to pull a control rod, killing three people in the SL-1 nuclear reactor explosion. That reactor was part of Argonne-West, a nuclear research facility in this state where, in 1951, the Experimental Breeder Reactor-1 lit four light bulbs with the first nuclear electricity. The first city powered by nuclear energy was this state’s Arco, just north of Craters of the Moon National Monument. For ten points, name this western US state where the USS Nautilus’s reactor was tested in the plain of the Snake River. ANSWER: Idaho

(3) This man and his brother Charles patented the oscillating steam engine. This man designed a turner that could create bedsteads four times faster than average, but he failed to make a bedstead factory in Yonkers. A company formed by this man sold Hovair systems with the Pomagalski company. At the New York Crystal Palace, this man asked for a rope holding a platform to be cut, demonstrating a safety system while he was aboard. For ten points, name this inventor of the “safety elevator” and namesake of the world’s largest elevator company. ANSWER: Elisha Otis

(4) One war criminal within this regime was a chaplain-turned-Chief Guard earned the epithet “Brother Satan.” Despite accusations that Archbishop Aloysius Stepinac collaborated with this regime, he was named a cardinal in 1952 and beatified after his death. The title of Poglavnik was given to the leader of this regime, Ante Pavelic [ahn-tay pav-eh-lich]. Inmates at the Jasenovac concentration camp were often killed with knives known as “Serbcutters” under, for ten points, what fascist regime that committed genocide in World War II-era Croatia? ANSWER: Ustase ([oos-ta-shuh], but be lenient; accept Ustasha-Croatian Revolutionary Movement)

(5) This clan sought to remove Emperor Antoku from power, eventually succeeding with his death at the Battle of Dan-no-ura. One of this clan’s leaders was defeated in the Heiji Rebellion after revolting against Emperor Go-Shirakawa. This family was succeeded by the Hojo family as the rulers of a certain dynasty, and they fought their enemies, the Taira Clan, during the Genpei War. Yoritomo and the famous swordsman Yoshitsune were members of, for ten points, what clan that established the Kamakura shogunate? ANSWER: Minamoto clan (or family, etc.)

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(6) A site-specific sculpture installed in this country at Gibbs Farm is a horn shaped steel skeleton with fabric stretched over it that runs through a hill. Anish Kapoor’s Dismemberment is located in this country, as was a “cardboard” cathedral meant to replace a building that was damaged in a 2011 earthquake. Gottfried Lindauer left Bohemia to work in this country, where he painted Paratene Te Manu, a man with distinctive spiral facial tattoos. For ten points, name this country that suffered the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. ANSWER: New Zealand

(7) This man won over $100 million in a libel lawsuit against CBS after they released a documentary entitled The Uncounted Enemy. A year after the Little Rock Crisis, this man became commander of the 101st Airborne Division. Despite opposition from Nixon, this man supported William Peers’ investigation of the My Lai [mee lie] Massacre. This man focused his efforts at the Battle of Khe Sanh after he thought other battles in a concurrent campaign were a distraction. For ten points, name this US commander in Vietnam during the Tet Offensive. ANSWER: William Westmoreland

(8) At this location, a torpedo attack caused the Pallada to keel over during fighting that one side initially thought was part of the celebrations for Admiral Oskar Stark’s wife. Despite that confusion, the surprise attack at this location was only able to disable two battleships, the Retvizan and Tsarevich. The Poltava was sunk at a battle at this location on the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula. For ten points, name this Manchurian port that was besieged during the Russo-Japanese War. ANSWER: Port Arthur (accept Ryojun; accept Lushun City; prompt on Liaodong Peninsula before mentioned; prompt on Manchuria before mentioned)

(9) The original choice to govern this entity was Percy Kirke, but was replaced after his harsh response to the Monmouth Rebellion. This entity’s armed forces were once led by Lieutenant Governor Francis Nicholson, until he was deposed in Leisler’s Rebellion. A 1684 revolt that led to the revocation of the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s charter inspired the need for this entity, which was intended to improve royal control under Edmund Andros. For ten points, name this short-lived dominion created by James II that merged colonies like New Hampshire and Maine. ANSWER: Dominion of New England (in America)

(10) A Hans Traxler cartoon inspired a nickname for this politician translating to “pear.” This man used the Basic Law to call a controversial vote of no confidence that led Karl Carstens to dissolve his country’s parliament. Francois Mitterand and this man were co-awarded the Charlemagne Award for efforts in unifying Europe; those efforts were also commemorated when the first European Act of State honored this key architect of the Maastricht treaty. For ten points, name this Chancellor of Germany during its reunification. ANSWER:

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Second Quarter

(1) In a letter to Thomas Auld, this man asked how Auld would feel if this man kidnapped his daughter. This man posited that had Henry Box Brown not popularized his methods, thousands of slaves could have escaped per year. This man purposely never smiled in photographs to avoiding playing into the caricature of a “happy slave.” Victoria Woodhull did not consult this man before naming him her running mate in 1872. The North Star was edited by, for ten points, what abolitionist who wrote a Narrative about his life as a slave? ANSWER: Frederick Douglass (accept Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey) BONUS: After writing the Narrative of his life, Douglass wrote this autobiography that divided his life into pre- and post-escape periods. This work claims that the open declaration of abolitionists had created an “Upper-ground Railroad.” ANSWER: My Bondage and My Freedom

(2) Sir Patrick Wright, this leader’s Permanent Under-Secretary of the Foreign Office, detailed this leader’s desire for a white South Africa, as it was before 1910. This leader refuted hunger strikes at Maze Prison, saying “crime is crime is crime.” Ian Paisley’s “Ulster Says No” campaign attacked this leader’s deal with Garrett FitzGerald that gave Ireland an advisory role in Northern Ireland. This leader won an election with the slogan “Labour Isn’t Working.” For ten points, name this conservative Prime Minister of the UK, the first woman to hold the office. ANSWER: Margaret Hilda Thatcher BONUS: Thatcher resigned after a leadership challenge by Michael Heseltine in the wake of her support for this short-lived, controversial economic policy. ANSWER: Community Charge (prompt on (poll) tax)

(3) Protesters in this country adopted a salute from the The Hunger Games, then switched to handing out “sandwiches for democracy.” Ten politicians in this country were removed from office over removing an officer from the National Security Council. The National Council for Peace and Order currently leads this country, where a 2014 coup led to the rise of Prayut Chan-o-cha. For ten points, name this country where that 2014 coup rocked the streets of Bangkok. ANSWER: Thailand BONUS: This first female Prime Minister of Thailand was deposed in 2014. ANSWER: Yingluck Shinawatra

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(4) The Law and Order party pardoned the leader of this rebellion, who called off an attack on a local arsenal after a cannon misfired and killed a bystander. Samuel Ward King declared martial law to suppress this rebellion, which directly led to the Supreme Court case of Luther v. Borden. This rebellion began after its namesake organized the People’s Convention in opposition to his state’s charter that required land ownership to vote. For ten points, name this 1842 insurrection in Rhode Island. ANSWER: Dorr’s Rebellion BONUS: The changes to voting protocols after Dorr’s Rebellion still forbade members of this Native American people from voting. Providence lies on the shores of a body of water named for this people. ANSWER: Narragansett (accept Narragansett Bay)

(5) In a novel-like sequel to a non-fiction book by this author, George Venables imprisons his wife Maria in an insane asylum. The most famous book by this person was written as a direct response to Talleyrand’s report on education during the ; that book claimed that education was critical for raising children and attacked the inequality of marriage. Mary Shelley was the daughter of, for ten points, what woman who advocated female education in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman? ANSWER: Mary Wollstonecraft BONUS: Elizabeth Montagu led this informal society, named for an article of clothing, that promoted women’s involvement in literature and the arts and which has been seen as a conservative foil for Wollstonecraft. ANSWER: Blue Stockings Society

(6) This emperor sold the likely precursor to the Hope Diamond to Jean Baptiste Tavernier; he had obtained that diamond after conquering the Kollur Mine during his defeat of the Golconda Sultanate. This man executed Sikh Guru Tegh Bahadur for resisting conversion to Islam, which he codified in his empire via the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri. Shivaji sacked Surat as part of his fighting with this man, who reintroduced the jizya tax after Akbar abolished it. For ten points, name this successor of Shah Jahan. ANSWER: Aurangzeb (accept Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad) BONUS: Aurangzeb was crowned after defeating this eldest son of Shah Jahan at the Battle of Samugarh. ANSWER: Dara Shikoh (accept Dara Shukoh)

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(7) Harsh punishments for committing this crime included Louis Mandrin’s execution, by being broken on the wheel, in 1755 for performing this activity along the Savoyard border. Suppressing this activity was largely outsourced to the paramilitary General Farm, which enforced the octroi. This activity was widely performed on the borders of Brittany, where salt was 20 times cheaper than neighboring Maine. State monopolies were challenged by, for ten points, what activity that avoids taxes by illegally transporting goods? ANSWER: smuggling BONUS: Brittany was exempt from what hated and unevenly distributed salt tax, which applied most heavily in Northern France? ANSWER: gabelle

(8) This composer depicted a real-life fighter pilot who returned to the military after losing his legs in his final opera, The Story of A Real Man. This composer collaborated with Constructivist Georgi Yakulov on a ballet celebrating Soviet industrialization, The Steel Step. This composer controversially included a happy ending in a ballet whose excerpt “Dance of the Knights” is also known as “Montagues and Capulets.” Romeo and Juliet was written by, for ten points, what Soviet composer who depicted a Young Pioneer in Peter and the Wolf ? ANSWER: Sergei Prokofiev BONUS: Prokoviev’s opera The Story of A Real Man was written to help rehabilitate himself in response to a 1946 doctrine that attacked musical “formalism;” that doctrine was named for what Soviet politican? ANSWER: Andrei Zhdanov (accept Zhdanov doctrine)

(9) The recruitment of around 500 of these people was proposed by Jean Talon, the Intendant of New France. A frequent complaint about these people was that they were unable to perform manual labour or farm work. Many of these people disembarked at Trois-Rivi`eresor Montreal. The title for this group of people was intended to refer to state patronage, rather than royal parentage. For ten points, name this group of young women sent by Louis XIV to boost the population of what is now Quebec. ANSWER: Filles du Roi (accept King’s Daughters; accept King’s Wards) BONUS: Another group of women who left France for the New World were the Baleine Brides, who landed at this city in 1721. After two decades of rule from Mobile, this city was briefly the capital of French Louisiana before Nouvelle Orleans. ANSWER: Biloxi

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(10) This position has been held by two women including Miriam “Ma” Ferguson in the 1920s and 30s. The second woman to hold this position implemented the Robin Hood plan to equalize school fundings and was criticized for claiming “Prince Charming may be driving a Honda” and “expect you to make the payments.” That woman held this position until ’s homophobic push polls helped elect a future President to this post. For ten points, name this statewide political position held from 1995 to 2000 by George W. Bush. ANSWER: Governor of Texas BONUS: This aforementioned second female governor of Texas gave the keynote address at the 1988 DNC, joking that George H.W. Bush was “born with a silver foot in his mouth.” ANSWER: (Dorothy) Ann Richards (accept (Dorothy) Ann Willis)

Third Quarter

The categories are . . .

1. Tammany Hall

2. Wars of the Roses

3. Rwandan Genocide

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Tammany Hall Name the... (1) Infamous “Boss” of the Tammany Hall machine, depicted with a bag of money for a head in one cartoon. ANSWER: William Magear “Boss” Tweed (2) Politician cartoonist who frequently satirized the Tammany Hall machine and created the GOP’s elephant symbol. ANSWER: Thomas Nast (3) Third US vice president, who converted Tammany Hall from a social club into a political machine. ANSWER: Aaron Burr (4) Politician who became mayor of New York in 1933 due to the defection of Italians from Tammany Hall. ANSWER: Fiorello La Guardia (5) Bourbon Democrat who successfully fought Tammany Hall but lost the Presidential election of 1876. ANSWER: Samuel Tilden (6) Series of 1870s riots in New York City that were blamed on Tammany Hall’s inability to control the Irish. ANSWER: Orange Riots (7) Final head of Tammany Hall who was defeated with Eleanor Roosevelt’s support in 1961. ANSWER: Carmine DeSapio (8) New York state senator who distinguished between honest and dishonest graft in a famous speech. ANSWER: George Washington Plunkitt

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Wars of the Roses Name the... (1) House opposed to the House of Lancaster during the Wars, represented by a white rose. ANSWER: House of York (2) House aligned with the House of Lancaster, to which Henry VII, the Wars’ eventual victor, belonged. ANSWER: House of Tudor (3) Last king of the Plantagenet dynasty, believed to have imprisoned his two young nephews in the Tower of London to take the crown for himself. ANSWER: Richard III (prompt on Richard) (4) French port city, a major military stronghold during the Wars. English forces landed here in 1475. ANSWER: Calais ([kuh-lay], but be lenient) (5) French-born wife of Henry VI, a major cause of the Wars of the Roses who eventually led the Lancastrian faction in Henry’s place. ANSWER: Margaret of Anjou (prompt on Margaret) (6) 14th-century English king whose large amount of children eventually sparked the conflict that led to the Wars. ANSWER: Edward III (prompt on Edward) (7) English nobleman, known as “the Kingmaker,” who orchestrated a rebellion against the House of Lancaster. ANSWER: Earl of Warwick [war-ick] (or Richard Neville) (8) Common-born wife of Edward IV who helped secure the throne for Henry VII after her husband’s death. ANSWER: Elizabeth Woodville (prompt on Elizabeth)

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Rwandan Genocide Name the... (1) Capital city of Rwanda, where some of the first outbreaks of genocide began. ANSWER: Kigali (2) Ethnicity targeted during the genocide. ANSWER: Tutsi people (3) Ethnic group that made up the Interahamwe, which carried out the genocide. ANSWER: Hutu people (4) Type of building where Paul Rusesabagina hid over 1,200 refugees of the genocide. ANSWER: hotel (accept Hotel des Milles Collines or Hotel of a Thousand Hills; accept Hotel Rwanda) (5) Leader of the RPF and current President of Rwanda, who stopped the genocide. ANSWER: Paul Kagame (6) President whose death in an airplane accident sparked the genocide. ANSWER: Juv´enal Habyarimana (7) Accords drafted in 1993 to end the Rwandan Civil War, which fell apart due to the aforementioned plane crash. ANSWER: Arusha Accords (8) Canadian force commander who warned the UN of the genocide and wrote Shake Hands With the Devil about it. ANSWER: Rom´eo Dallaire

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Fourth Quarter

(1) A 1925 silver dollar attempted to raise funds for a project at this location, which Marvin Griffin pushed his state’s legislature to buy in 1958. The Venable Brothers were once owners of this location, where August Lukeman continued a project in 1928 after it was abandoned by (+) Danish sculptor Gutzon Borglum to complete a similar work at South Dakota’s Mount Rushmore. The second iteration of the (*) Ku Klux Klan was founded at, for ten points, what mountain in Georgia on which images of Stonewall Jackson, Jefferson Davis, and Robert E. Lee are carved? ANSWER: Stone Mountain

(2) Mary Jones Parrish published a vivid contemporary account of this event, which was triggered by Dick Rowland’s alleged attack of Sarah Page, an elevator operator. Gunfire on Archer Street preceded the primary carnage of this event, in which (+) World War I-era biplanes dropped flaming balls of turpentine in support of a white mob. Possibly 300 people were killed and nearly 200 (*) businesses were destroyed in, for ten points, what 1921 riot in which roughly forty blocks of an African-American community, nicknamed “Black Wall Street” as the wealthiest black community in the U.S., were burned to the ground in Oklahoma? ANSWER: 1921 Greenwood race riot (or 1921 Tulsa race riot)

(3) One general developed flanking-from-behind tactics to avoid these objects during the Battle of Cape Ecnomus, but lost the battle anyway. The use of these objects was largely abandoned by the Battle of the Aegates because they caused (+) weight imbalances during rough storms. These objects, whose first use at the Battle of Mylae resulted in the capture of thirty enemy quinqueremes [quin-quir-eems], were named for the resemblance of a (*) crow’s beak to the spike on their underside. Land infantry could be used effectively at sea thanks to, for ten points, what boarding device used by the Roman Navy during the First Punic War? ANSWER: corvus (prompt on “ship” until “abandoned” is read)

(4) The title character of this play states “The ripest fruit first falls” when he hears of a friend’s death. In this play, a man calls England “This royal throne of kings, this scepter’d (+) isle, / This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars” in a speech where he laments that it has been corrupted by the practice of land rental. In this play’s pivotal scene, the king of England settles a dispute between (*) Bolingbroke and Mowbray by banishing them both from the realm. For ten points, name this Shakespeare play that is, understandably, often seen as a prequel to Henry IV. ANSWER: Richard II

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(5) Plutarch claims that, upon hearing the cry “Except for being king, you are not at all superior to us,” this man replied, “But were I not better than you, I should not be king!” This man’s son Pausanias won at the Battle of Plataea before he was accused of allying with (+) Xerxes the Great. After the Carneia, this man led forces to a battle that took place simultaneously with the Battle of Cape (*) Artemisium. Ephialtes [eff-ee-all-teez] revealed a secret goat path, leading to this king’s death. For ten points, name this Spartan king who fended off the Immortals until the last minute at the Battle of Themopylae. ANSWER: Leonidas I

(6) James Nesmith tried unsuccessfully to create a branch of this organization; it failed after William Logan died on the SS Brother Jonathan. Ignatius Alphonso Few helped create a branch of this institution in (+) Dahlonega. William Strickland designed “the Grecian Temple” for this organization, which operated a colonial branch producing (*) centavos [sen-tah-vohs] in Manila. George Washington appointed David Rittenhouse to run the Philadelphia branch of this institution, which marks products with the letter “P.” For ten points, name this U.S. institution that creates and circulates coinage. ANSWER: US Mint

(7) A ruler of this name allowed Crescentius the Younger to go free after a rebellion in Rome; that man of this name made his cousin, Bruno of Carinthia, Pope Gregory V, becoming the first pope of German descent. Another ruler of this name fought with the (+) Lombards against the Kalbids in the Battle of Stilo and was chosen to succeed his father of the same name by Widukind of Corvey. Adelaide of Italy married a Holy Roman Emperor of this name who signed a namesake Diploma with Pope John XII and beat the (*) Magyars at the Battle of Lechfeld. For ten points, give thus name held by Henry the Fowler’s son. ANSWER: Otto (accept Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor; accept Otto II or Otto the Red; accept Otto I or Otto the Great)

(8) The saying “Mahu will get you” was inspired by an authoritarian overseer of this project who allegedly ate children. A summit section of this feature was created under the oversight of an engineer named Oqruqci [oak-ruk-chee]. The shipwrecked Korean official Choe (+) Bu studied this system in the 15th century during his travels from Suzhou to Tongzhou. The Kaiheji records the construction of this feature, which was initiated under Emperor Wen. (*) Lock gates in the sixth century greatly improved the navigability of this feature, which ends in Hangzhou. For ten points, name this project, begun under the Sui [swee] Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. ANSWER: Grand Canal of China (accept Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal before “Hangzhou” is read, prompt after)

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(9) The sloop Decatur led an attack in this city, whose primary founders included the signer of the Port Elliott Treaty, David Swinson Maynard. Chinese laborers in this city helped build the Montlake Cut to connect (+) Portage Bay and Union Bay. The Portland arrived in this city, where Erastus Brainerd told the world about the (*) Klondike Gold Rush. This city, which hosted the 1962 World’s Fair, is named for a Suquamish chief who argued for ecological sustainability. William Boeing built factories in, for ten points, what largest city in Washington? ANSWER: Seattle

(10) This film ends with parts of a speech that quoted in saying “A man does what he must... and that is the basis of all human morality.” In this movie, Bruce Dern portrays a character paralyzed by a stroke who gives his son the one-word command (+) “alibi” during a phone conversation. This movie, which ends with its main character receiving a suspended two-month sentence, stars Kate Mara as a woman who dies after a black (*) Oldsmobile veers off a bridge. Mary Jo Kopechne drowns in, for ten points, what 2017 film named for a 1969 incident involving Ted Kennedy? ANSWER: Chappaquiddick

Extra Question

Only read if you need a backup or tiebreaker! (1) The subjects of this court case were taken from a property owned by Arthur Goldreich, one of whom was living under the pseudonym David Motsamayi. (+) Lionel Bernstein was acquitted during this event, after which Denis Goldberg was sent to a white prison. During this event, one target noted that he “cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society” and outlined his reasons for creating the (*) Spear of the Nation in his “I Am Prepared to Die” speech. Leaders of the ANC were targeted in, for ten points, what 1960s trial that sentenced Nelson Mandela to life in prison? ANSWER: Rivonia Trial BONUS: This photographer’s image of the Fort Peck Dam was used as the first cover photo of Life Magazine, and she captured a famous image of Gandhi at the spinning wheel. ANSWER: Margaret Bourke-White (prompt on partial last name)

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