The Tevatrontevatron
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Supersymmetry Searches at the Tevatron
SUPERSYMMETRY SEARCHES AT THE TEVATRON For CDF and DØ collaborations R. Demina Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, USA, 14627 CDF and DØ collaborations analyzed up to 200 pb-1 of the delivered data in search for different supersymmetry signatures, so far with negative results. We present results on searches for chargino and neutralino associated production, squarks and gluinos, sbottom quarks, gauge mediated SUSY breaking and long lived heavy particles. Supersymmetry1 is a popular extension of the Standard Model originally suggested over 25 years ago. It postulates the symmetry between fermionic and bosonic degrees of freedom. As a result a variety of hypothetical particles is introduced. With presently available experimental data physicists were able to prove that if supersymmetric particles exist they must be heavier than their Standard Model partners2. In other words the Supersymmetry is broken. One possible exception is supersymmetric top quark (stop), which still has a chance to be lighter or of the same mass as top quark. With 2-4 fb-1 of data Tevatron experiments will be able to extend the limit on stop mass above that of top quark or discover it and thus establish the Supersymmetry3. Theory suggests several possible scenarios of Supersymmetry breaking mediated by gravitational or gauge interactions. In gravity mediated scenarios the number of free parameters in the model is reduced to five because of the unification of masses and couplings imposed at the grand unification scale. These parameters are M0 (M½) – masses of all bosons (fermions) at GUT scale, A0- trilinear coupling and µ0 – something Higgs and tan(β) – ratio of vacuum expectations of the Higgs doublet. -
NRP-3 the Effect of Beryllium Interaction with Fast Neutrons on the Reactivity of Etrr-2 Research Reactor
Seventh Conference of Nuclear Sciences & Applications 6-10 February 2000, Cairo, Egypt NRP-3 The Effect Of Beryllium Interaction With Fast Neutrons On the Reactivity Of Etrr-2 Research Reactor Moustafa Aziz and A.M. EL Messiry National Center for Nuclear Safety Atomic Energy Autho , Cairo , Egypt ABSTRACT The effect of beryllium interactions with fast neutrons is studied for Etrr_2 research reactors. Isotope build up inside beryllium blocks is calculated under different irradiation times. A new model for the Etrr_2 research reactor is designed using MCNP code to calculate the reactivity and flux change of the reactor due to beryllium poison. Key words: Research Reactors , Neutron Flux , Beryllium Blocks, Fast Neutrons and Reactivity INTRODUCTION Beryllium irradiated by fast neutrons with energies in the range 0.7-20 Mev undergoes (n,a) and (n,2n) reactions resulting in subsequent formation of the isotopes lithium (Li-6), tritium (H-3) and helium (He-3 and He-4 ). Beryllium interacts with fast neutrons to produce 6He that decay 6 6 ( T!/2 =0.8 s) to produce Li . Li interacts with neutron to produce tritium which suffer /? (T1/2 = 12.35 year) decay and converts to 3He which finally interact with neutron to produce tritium. These processes some times defined as Beryllium poison. Negative effect of this process are met whenever beryllium is used in a thermal reactor as a reflector or moderator . Because of their large thermal neutron absorption cross sections , the buildup of He-3 and Li-6 concentrations ,initiated by the Be(n,a) reaction , results in large negative reactivities which alter the reactivity , flux and power distributions. -
Three Extra Mirror Or Sequential Families: a Case for Heavy Higgs and Inert Doublet
Three Extra Mirror or Sequential Families: a Case for Heavy Higgs and Inert Doublet Homero Mart´ınez,1 Alejandra Melfo,2, 3 Fabrizio Nesti,4 and Goran Senjanovi´c2 1CEA, Saclay, DSM-IRFU-SPP, France 2ICTP, Trieste, Italy 3U. de Los Andes, M´erida, Venezuela 4U. di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy (Dated: October 24, 2018) We study the possibility of the existence of extra fermion families and an extra Higgs doublet. We find that requiring the extra Higgs doublet to be inert leaves space for three extra families, allowing for mirror fermion families and a dark matter candidate at the same time. The emerging scenario is very predictive: it consists of a Standard Model Higgs boson, with mass above 400 GeV, heavy new quarks between 340 and 500 GeV, light extra neutral leptons, and an inert scalar with a mass below MZ . PACS numbers: 14.65.Jk, 12.60.Fr, 14.60.Hi, 14.60.St Introduction. It may not be well known that the idea with regard to high precision analysis they behave exactly of parity restoration in weak interactions is as old as as ordinary fermions, and thus a reader who is uncom- the suggestion of its breakdown. In their classic paper, fortable with the above setbacks can view our study as Lee and Yang [1] proposed the existence of what we will referring to the more general question of whether the SM call mirror fermions, so as to make the world left-right can host three (or more) extra families. symmetric at high energies. By this they meant another If one defines the SM by its structure, i.e. -
Bright Prospects for Tevatron Run II
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS CERN COURIER VOLUME 43 NUMBER 1 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003 Bright prospects for Tevatron Run II JLAB Virginia laboratory delivers terahertz light p6 ^^^J Modular and expandable power supplies WÊ H Communications via TCP/IP içert. n_.___910S.CAEN '^^^*aBOKS^^^^ • ÊÊÊ WÊÊÊSêSê É TÏSjj à OPC Server to ease integration in DCS J Directly interfaced to JCOP Framework p " j^pj ^ ^^^^ Wa9neticFie,dand^ ^^HTJHj^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^E' ' tfHl far IM Éfefi-*il * CAEN: your largest choice of HV & LV )^ H MULTICHANNEL POWER SUPPLIES CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier (ISSN 0304-288X) is distributed to member state governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for January and August, in English and French editions. The views expressed are CERN not necessarily those of the CERN management. Editors James Gillies and Christine Sutton CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Email [email protected] Fax+41 (22) 782 1906 Web cerncourier.com COURIER Advisory Board R Landua (Chairman), F Close, E Lillest0l, VOLUME 43 NUMBER 1 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2003 H Hoffmann, C Johnson, K Potter, P Sphicas Laboratory correspondents: Argonne National Laboratory (US): D Ayres Brookhaven, National Laboratory (US): PYamin Cornell University (US): D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany): Ilka Flegel, P Waloschek Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US): Judy Jackson GSI Darmstadt (Germany): G Siegert INFN -
Hadron Collider Physics
KEK-PH Lectures and Workshops Hadron Collider Physics Zhen Liu University of Maryland 08/05/2020 Part I: Basics Part II: Advanced Topics Focus Collider Physics is a vast topic, one of the most systematically explored areas in particle physics, concerning many observational aspects in the microscopic world • Focus on important hadron collider concepts and representative examples • Details can be studied later when encounter References: Focus on basic pictures Barger & Philips, Collider Physics Pros: help build intuition Tao Han, TASI lecture, hep-ph/0508097 Tilman Plehn, TASI lecture, 0910.4182 Pros: easy to understand Maxim Perelstein, TASI lecture, 1002.0274 Cons: devils in the details Particle Data Group (PDG) and lots of good lectures (with details) from CTEQ summer schools Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 2 Part I: Basics The Large Hadron Collider Lyndon R Evans DOI:10.1098/rsta.2011.0453 Path to discovery 1995 1969 1974 1969 1979 1969 1800-1900 1977 2012 2000 1975 1983 1983 1937 1962 Electric field to accelerate 1897 1956 charged particles Synchrotron radiation 4 Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 4 Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 5 Why study (hadron) colliders (now)? • Leading tool in probing microscopic structure of nature • history of discovery • Currently running LHC • Great path forward • Precision QFT including strong dynamics and weakly coupled theories • Application to other physics probes • Set-up the basic knowledge to build other subfield of elementary particle physics Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 6 Basics: Experiment & Theory Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 7 Basics: How to make measurements? Zhen Liu Hadron Collider Physics (lecture) KEK 2020 8 Part I: Basics Basic Parameters Basics: Smashing Protons & Quick Estimates Proton Size ( ) Proton-Proton cross section ( ) Particle Physicists use the unit “Barn”2 1 = 100 The American idiom "couldn't hit the broad side of a barn" refers to someone whose aim is very bad. -
Tevatron Accelerator Physics and Operation Highlights A
FERMILAB-CONF-11-129-APC TEVATRON ACCELERATOR PHYSICS AND OPERATION HIGHLIGHTS A. Valishev for the Tevatron group, FNAL, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.A. Abstract Table 1: Integrated luminosity performance by fiscal year. The performance of the Tevatron collider demonstrated FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10 continuous growth over the course of Run II, with the peak luminosity reaching 4×1032 cm-2 s-1, and the weekly Total integral (fb-1) 1.3 1.8 1.9 2.47 -1 integration rate exceeding 70 pb . This report presents a review of the most important advances that contributed to Until the middle of calendar year 2009, the luminosity this performance improvement, including beam dynamics growth was dominated by improvements of the antiproton modeling, precision optics measurements and stability production rate [2], which remains stable since. control, implementation of collimation during low-beta Performance improvements over the last two years squeeze. Algorithms employed for optimization of the became possible because of implementation of a few luminosity integration are presented and the lessons operational changes, described in the following section. learned from high-luminosity operation are discussed. Studies of novel accelerator physics concepts at the Tevatron are described, such as the collimation techniques using crystal collimator and hollow electron beam, and compensation of beam-beam effects. COLLIDER RUN II PERFORMANCE Tevatron collider Run II with proton-antiproton collisions at the center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV started in March 2001. Since then, 10.5 fb-1 of integrated luminosity has been delivered to CDF and D0 experiments (Fig. 1). All major technical upgrades of the accelerator complex were completed by 2007 [1]. -
01Ii Beam Line
STA N FO RD LIN EA R A C C ELERA TO R C EN TER Fall 2001, Vol. 31, No. 3 CONTENTS A PERIODICAL OF PARTICLE PHYSICS FALL 2001 VOL. 31, NUMBER 3 Guest Editor MICHAEL RIORDAN Editors RENE DONALDSON, BILL KIRK Contributing Editors GORDON FRASER JUDY JACKSON, AKIHIRO MAKI MICHAEL RIORDAN, PEDRO WALOSCHEK Editorial Advisory Board PATRICIA BURCHAT, DAVID BURKE LANCE DIXON, EDWARD HARTOUNI ABRAHAM SEIDEN, GEORGE SMOOT HERMAN WINICK Illustrations TERRY ANDERSON Distribution CRYSTAL TILGHMAN The Beam Line is published quarterly by the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Box 4349, Stanford, CA 94309. Telephone: (650) 926-2585. EMAIL: [email protected] FAX: (650) 926-4500 Issues of the Beam Line are accessible electroni- cally on the World Wide Web at http://www.slac. stanford.edu/pubs/beamline. SLAC is operated by Stanford University under contract with the U.S. Department of Energy. The opinions of the authors do not necessarily reflect the policies of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Cover: The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory detects neutrinos from the sun. This interior view from beneath the detector shows the acrylic vessel containing 1000 tons of heavy water, surrounded by photomultiplier tubes. (Courtesy SNO Collaboration) Printed on recycled paper 2 FOREWORD 32 THE ENIGMATIC WORLD David O. Caldwell OF NEUTRINOS Trying to discern the patterns of neutrino masses and mixing. FEATURES Boris Kayser 42 THE K2K NEUTRINO 4 PAULI’S GHOST EXPERIMENT A seventy-year saga of the conception The world’s first long-baseline and discovery of neutrinos. neutrino experiment is beginning Michael Riordan to produce results. Koichiro Nishikawa & Jeffrey Wilkes 15 MINING SUNSHINE The first results from the Sudbury 50 WHATEVER HAPPENED Neutrino Observatory reveal TO HOT DARK MATTER? the “missing” solar neutrinos. -
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 132 Nsec Bunch Spacing in The
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory FERMILAR-TM-1920 132 nsec Bunch Spacing in the Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider S. D. Holmes et al. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500, Batavia, Illinois 60510 December 1994 0 Operated by Universities Research Association Inc. under Contract No. DE-ACOZ-76CH030W with the United States Department of Energy Disclaimer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infn’nge privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof 132 nsec Bunch Spacing in the Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider SD. Holmes, J. Holt, J.A. Johnstone, J. Marriner, M. Martens, D. McGinnis Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory December 23, 1994 Abstract Following completion of the Fermilah Main Injector it is expected that the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider will be operating at a luminosity in excess of 5x1031 cm-%ec-1 with 36 proton and antiproton bunches spaced at 396 nsec. At this luminosity, each of the experimental detectors will see approximately 1.3 interactions per crossing. -
HEPAP Looks Into the Future
Volume 20 Friday, August 29, 1997 Number 17 f INSIDE HEPAP Looks into 2 HEPAP: Voice of the Community the Future 5 Profiles in HEPAP subpanel meets at Fermilab to chart the future of Particle Physics: high-energy physics in the U.S. Dave McGinnis by Donald Sena and Sharon Butler, Office of Public Affairs 6 Barns of Fermilab Charged with recommending how best to In a letter to HEPAP, Martha Krebs, position the U.S. particle physics community Director of the U.S. Department of Energy’s for new facilities beyond CERN’s Large Office of Energy Research, directed the Hadron Collider, a subpanel of the High- subpanel to “recommend a scenario for an Energy Physics Advisory Panel met at Fermilab optimal and balanced U.S. high-energy physics August 14-16 to hear presentations on such program over the next decade,” with “new topics as the research agenda for Fermilab’s facilities to address physics opportunities Run II, the complicated upgrades to the CDF beyond the LHC.” She asked the subpanel and DZero detectors and research on future to consider a future course in light of three accelerators. continued on page 3 Photo by Reidar Hahn Dixon Bogert, deputy project manager for the Main Injector, leads a tour for HEPAP subpanel members and DOE officials. HEPAP: Voice of the Community by Donald Sena and Sharon Butler, Office of Public Affairs The High-Energy Physics Advisory In 1983, for example, a HEPAP According to Fermilab physicist Cathy Panel traces its history to the 1960s, subpanel recommended terminating Newman-Holmes, outgoing member of when -
; I~CN of TH;3 DOCUMENT 18 Unlfmfts DISCLAIMER" class="text-overflow-clamp2"> MASTER -••••-".>; I~CN of TH;3 DOCUMENT 18 Unlfmfts DISCLAIMER
i ' Do^y^W-S- 2 Progress report 2.1 The D0 Experiment The D0 detector had its first data run in the period May 1992 till June 1993. The first two thirds of the run period were characterized by low luminosity and frequent machine development periods. The luminosity gradually climbed, and the machine ultimately delivered 31 pb_1 to the experiment. The detector performed admirably well, and data analysis tracked data taking closely. The overall D0 efficiency was 54% and 16.7 pb_1 of data were collected; due to high backgrounds during Main Ring injection and transition, and beam gas interactions in the MR pipe that intersects our calorimeter, triggers in D0 were vetoed for about 29% of the store time; data acquisition busy (7%), experiment down time (5%), and run startup overhead (5%) added another 17% to the inefficiency. Many cycles of reconstruction software upgrade were done as experience with real data was gained, bugs were corrected, and new data corrections were added. First results were presented at the Spring 1993 APS meeting, the Summer conferences, and at the Fall 1993 pp symposium in Tsukuba. Several papers (See Attached [LeptoQuark PRL, RapGap PRL, Top PRL]) have appeared in print, a lepto-quark search, a rapidity-gap study, and. a lower mass limit on the Standard Model top quark where we also present a spectacular event that has laxge $y, a high energy electron and a high momentum muon, both isolated, and two sizable jets. When interpreted as a it event, a top mass around 145 GeV (with a large 30 GeV error) is obtained. -
Searches for a Charged Higgs Boson in ATLAS and Development of Novel Technology for Future Particle Detector Systems
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1222 Searches for a Charged Higgs Boson in ATLAS and Development of Novel Technology for Future Particle Detector Systems DANIEL PELIKAN ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS ISSN 1651-6214 ISBN 978-91-554-9153-6 UPPSALA urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-242491 2015 Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Polhemssalen, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Uppsala, Friday, 20 March 2015 at 10:00 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Faculty examiner: Prof. Dr. Fabrizio Palla (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Pisa). Abstract Pelikan, D. 2015. Searches for a Charged Higgs Boson in ATLAS and Development of Novel Technology for Future Particle Detector Systems. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1222. 119 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9153-6. The discovery of a charged Higgs boson (H±) would be a clear indication for physics beyond the Standard Model. This thesis describes searches for charged Higgs bosons with the ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The first data collected during the LHC Run 1 is analysed, searching for a light charged Higgs boson (mH±<mtop), which decays predominantly into a tau-lepton and a neutrino. Different final states with one or two leptons (electrons or muons), as well as leptonically or hadronically decaying taus, are studied, and exclusion limits are set. The background arising from misidentified non-prompt electrons and muons was estimated from data. This so-called "Matrix Method'' exploits the difference in the lepton identification between real, prompt, and misidentified or non-prompt electrons and muons. -
ATLAS Experiment
ATLAS Experiment Control room ATLAS building M. Barnett – February 2008 1 Final piece of ATLAS lowered last Friday (the second small muon wheel) M. Barnett – February 2008 2 M. Barnett – February 2008 3 Still to be done Connecting: Cables, Fibers, Cryogenics M. Barnett – February 2008 4 Celebrations M. Barnett – February 2008 5 News Coverage News media are flooding CERN well in advance of startup "Particle physics is the unbelievable in pursuit of the unimaginable. To pinpoint the smallest fragments of the universe you have to build the biggest machine in the world. To recreate the first millionths of a second of creation you have to focus energy on an awesome scale." The Guardian M. Barnett – February 2008 6 Three full pages in New York Times M. Barnett – February 2008 7 New York Times M. Barnett – February 2008 8 National Geographic Magazine M. Barnett – February 2008 9 National Geographic Magazine M. Barnett – February 2008 10 National Geographic Magazine M. Barnett – February 2008 11 M. Barnett – February 2008 12 M. Barnett – February 2008 13 M. Barnett – February 2008 14 M. Barnett – February 2008 15 M. Barnett – February 2008 16 M. Barnett – February 2008 17 M. Barnett – February 2008 18 M. Barnett – February 2008 19 M. Barnett – February 2008 20 M. Barnett – February 2008 21 M. Barnett – February 2008 22 And on television (shortened version) M. Barnett – February 2008 23 An ATLAS expert explains the Higgs evidence to a layperson. M. Barnett – February 2008 24 US-LHC Student Journalism Program April 2-7, 2008 (overlapping Open Days) Six teams of high school students (3 students/1 teacher) are going to CERN to report on the LHC startup.