California Native Society Sanhedrin Chapter Newsletter Spring/Summer 2011

Note from the editor: I hope you have an opportunity to join one of the interesting trips below. With a number of excellent fieldtrips already completed this year, the continued cool and wet weather offers additional opportunities to experience our wonderful native flora. Also, please take time to read Peter Warner’s excellent article below. It is a thoughtful and timely essay on the importance of increasing the membership in CNPS and becoming a more active chapter member. We all need to be more involved and engaged thereby becoming more effective advocates for healthy functioning ecosystems. Our diverse native flora, our planet, and ultimately our happiness depends on it. Kerry Heise, newsletter editor: [email protected]

Calendar of Fieldtrips, Meetings, and Events

April 30 & May 1 - Boonville Wildflower Show Have an unknown wildflower you can’t put a name to? Bring it to the annual Boonville Wildflower Show where local expert botanists will be on hand to identify your plant. This weekend event is located at the fairgrounds and features hundreds of local native and naturalized wildflowers on display.

Saturday, May 7 – Jenner Headlands (Sonoma County) The splendid biological diversity and enthralling aesthetics of the Jenner Headlands beckon to all. This terrestrial jewel, acquired by the Sonoma Land Trust in 2009, offers sweeping -- or fog-enshrouded – coastal vistas, deep forested canyons, and grasslands bedazzling in spring’s tapestry of flowers. This field trip to the property will focus on and plant ecology, specifically arranged with CNPS members in mind. Reservations are required to participate on this trip.

The hike will be moderately to quite strenuous, covering several miles with substantial elevation changes, and will provide a broader look at the topographical and vegetational diversity of the property. Cameras, field guides, and hand lenses are among recommended companions for your tour of the Jenner Headlands.

We will start at the Russian Gulch State Parks parking area on Highway 1 about 3 miles north of the village of Jenner and go to 4 p.m. or perhaps later. Contacts: To reserve your attendance on one of these walks, please email Kristin Martinez at [email protected]. Otherwise call Peter Warner at 829-1183 for your reservation or further information.

Note: Two different trips offered on Sunday, May 22:

Sunday, May 22 - Lost Valley, Cow Mountain Lost Valley is located just to the east of Ukiah in the Cow Mountain area at an elevation of 3,000 ft. It is an expansive open area of abundant native forbs & grasses surrounded by a dense mixed of scrub , ceanothus, manzanita, and chamise. Patches of knobcone , a small seasonal stream, and an interesting vernal pool wetland provide an interesting mosaic to this diverse site. The valley has been afforded some protection by BLM and is a wonderful place to know because of its great variety of flora and relative ease of access (one can drive to within a few hundred yards.) Located only 2.5 miles southwest of Carl Purdy's gardens it is likely that the legendary plantsman frequented the area. Join botanist Kerry Heise to explore this area and discover its botanical bounty. Meeting Time and Place: 9:00 am in parking area just south of Star's restaurant off of Orchard Ave. in Ukiah. Bring lunch and plenty of water. No registration is required. For more information call Kerry Heise at: 462-4533.

Sunday, May 22 - Rare Plant Treasure Hunt at Salt Creek Saddle - Mendocino National Forest Calling all native plant enthusiasts, botanists – experienced or not – and willing volunteers! Please join CNPS for a rare plant treasure hunt at Salt Creek Saddle, on the eastern edge of the Mendocino National Forest. This will be an event focused on locating and documenting rare plant populations in and near Salt Creek Saddle, a hotspot of rare plant diversity that hasn’t been documented by botanists in over 10 years. There are 9 different rare plant species at this site, including Jepson’s milkvetch and dimorphic snapdragon (Antirrhinum subcordatum), among others. Meet at the Chico Park and Ride at Hwy 32 and Fir St at 8am. For those coming from other locations we’ll regroup at 9:30am at the Salt Creek Conservation Camp, 10655 Round Valley Rd, 96074, and from there we’ll drive to the site. Plan to be out all day, so bring plenty of food and water. The local botanist calls this hike "not a gentle stroll through a lovely meadow, but also not arduous.‖ Contact Ron Coley ([email protected] or (530)533-1238) if you have any questions and to RSVP for this trip. Danny Slakey ([email protected]) will also be able to answer questions about the trip.

June 11 and 12 - CNPS Rare Plant Treasure Hunt at Walker Ridge Calling all native plant enthusiasts, botanists – experienced or not – and willing volunteers! This will be an event focused on locating and documenting rare plant populations on and near Walker Ridge, a site currently proposed for an extensive wind power-generation facility. In all, about 30 plants on the California State Rare Plant List grow in the Walker Ridge vicinity, and the diversity of soil substrates and vegetation types provide critically important wildlife and plant habitat. CNPS and other organizations have petitioned the U. S. Bureau of Land Management to extend protection of this area as an Area of Critical Environmental Concern.

This will be a fun, educational, exciting, and productive 2-day adventure, and your participation is welcome for any portion of the weekend. We’ll assemble on Saturday, June 11, at 10 a.m., at the Judge Davis Trailhead on Hwy. 20, located just west of the Lake-Colusa line, about 14 miles east of the Hwy. 20 & 53 junction, and about 4 miles west of the Hwy. 20 and 16 junction. For those staying for the full weekend days, we’ll camp in the Walker Ridge area – if camping, please be prepared for minimal facilities at our campsite (bring water, chairs, firewood, tents, etc.).

Further information about this trip will be forthcoming. Please contact Danny Slakey at [email protected] for more information. Peter Warner at [email protected] may also be able to address your questions and assist in your preparations.

Sunday, June 19 - Mt. Konocti County Park floral Survey and Outing Karen Sullivan and Ed Dearing will lead the group on a floral survey of Mt. Konocti, the prominent dormant volcano that rises nearly 3000 thousand feet over the basin. The survey will be within the boundaries of the county park and adjacent BLM lands which start at about the 2500 ft. level on Konocti Rd. An observed vascular native flora made by Karen and Ed last year will be used as a checklist and participants will be encouraged to add to (or subtract from) the list as to create a more complete document.

Plants found last year include three CNPS List 1B rarities, the beautiful Sonoma Beardtongue Penstemon newberryii var. sonomensis being one of them. Sonoma Beardtongue is only found on Hood Mt. in Sonoma County (the type locality), Mt. St. Helena, Cobb Mt. and on Mt. Konocti. The date of the activity corresponds with the plant last year. A List 4 beauty, the Redwood Lily, Lilium rubescens is also found on the slopes.

An attempt will be made to procure the key to the lookout as a special treat when we reach the summit of the mountain, Wright Peak at about 4200 ft. elevation. Views include Mt. Diablo, Mt. Lassen, the , the Sierra crest and beyond.

We will meet at the end of the pavement on Konocti Rd. Kelseyville, Ca. at 9:30AM. Directions-from the north highway 29 left on Live Oak, right on Main, and first left on Konocti. We will organize into carpools as to lessen our footprint. (Vehicles with good clearance being recommended) Bring water, lunches, snacks, field guides, binoculars, and warm clothing just in case. The wind is often strong and cold near the summit.

This trip is limited to the first 16 people to sign up. Please contact Kerry Heise at 707-462-4533 ([email protected]) to reserve a spot.

valley oak (Quercus lobata)

Field Trip Protocols

1. Call or email the trip leader or designated contact person to reserve your space on the trip, unless specifically noted not to do so in the announcement. 2. Call or email the trip leader or contact person if, and as soon as, you decide not to attend, if you’ve already made a reservation. 3. Share transportation means and expenses whenever possible. 4. Be punctual to keep others from waiting for you. 5. Bring what you personally need for any particular trip, especially appropriate clothing, water, and food. 6. If the announcement is unclear, become familiar with the nature of the walk: distance, terrain, elevation changes, stream crossings, hazards, etc. 7. Clean boots and clothing of mud and plant debris before leaving home to reduce the potential for weed dispersal. 8. Stay with the group unless you make arrangements with the trip leader to leave early or wander on your own.

Take Action: Save Walker Ridge Support Walker Ridge Area of Critical Environmental Concern (Taken from Tuleyome, The Wilderness Society and California Native Plant Society information)

The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) has nominated the entire Walker Ridge public lands as an Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC.) An ACEC designation recognizes the special ecological, educational, recreational, and scenic values of the region. Help support the CNPS in this effort!

California’s Walker Ridge is cherished for its natural beauty, vital wildlife habitat, and recreational opportunities. It is an ecologically important site, and the California Native Plant Society has petitioned it to be protected as an ―Area of Critical Environmental Concern‖ because of a high diversity of plant species, serpentine-associated plants, special-status plants, potentially undescribed plants, unusual plant associations, and wetlands. The proposed Walker Ridge Wind Development would have significant impacts to the proposed ACEC biological resources, including potential mercury and chromium contamination of water resources, and alteration of wilderness quality lands.

Walker Ridge public lands cover an area of 14,000 acres along an 11-mile, north-south trending ridge located on the boundary of Colusa and Lake Counties. The Ridge, which is north of Highway 20 in California’s Inner Coast Range has significant ecological, scenic, and educational values. It is situated immediately to the west of Bear Valley—a renowned wildflower area—and immediately to the north of the Cache Creek Wilderness. Its linkages to Bear Valley and public lands to the west, north, and south, including designated and proposed wilderness areas, gives further value to the Ridge as a large and mostly unfragmented natural area. Collectively, the Ridge and adjacent lands constitute a major public resource that is now proposed as a National Conservation Area.

Misguided Wind Development Canadian developer Alta Gas Income Trust has proposed the 29-tower commercial wind development project on Walker Ridge. This would require earthmoving on a massive scale, approaching ridge top removal. And yet, the project represents marginal wind energy potential associated with large ecological damage. More important the ecological integrity of this special place as exemplified in this nomination will be irreparably damaged. Renewable energy is an essential part of our nation’s clean energy future but some wild places just aren’t right for development--of any kind. In California, Walker Ridge, located in the chaparral-covered hills northwest of Sacramento, is one such place. Energy development here would leave a huge imprint and could interfere with habitat and important wildlife corridors in this area of outstanding scenery and biodiversity. Large contiguous natural areas such as Walker Ridge and the surrounding region provide our best hope for addressing loss of species and open space, preserving water quality and providing opportunities for species to adapt to the effects of climate change. This area preserves the wildlife and lands we enjoy today, and it also provides countless opportunities for connecting the Bay Area and the Central Valley communities with nature.

Take Action Today: Call, send an email, or letter to:

Tell the BLM to designate all of Walker Ridge as an Area of Critical Environmental Concern.

Jim Abbott State Director Bureau of Land Management 2800 Cottage Way, Suite W-1834 Sacramento, CA 95825 (916) 978-4600 [email protected]

For additional information contact Bob Schneider at 530-304-6215 or [email protected].

SAMPLE LETTER

Tell the Bureau of Land Management that you support the CNPS Walker Ridge ACEC designation

Dear Mr. Abbott: I support the California Native Plant Society petition for the Walker Ridge Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC.)

Walker Ridge is a special and fragile place with outstanding biological, ecological, geological, scenic, and wilderness qualities. I support responsible renewable energy development, but some places are inappropriate for development of any kind. Walker Ridge is simply too wild to develop. The proposed Walker Ridge Wind Development threatens this area’s biological resources, water resources from mercury contamination caused by disturbance of serpentine soils, scenic beauty, wilderness characteristics, and the overall conservation values of the region. The BLM should protect this scenic and special area as an ACEC and not proceed with the proposed project. California needs new renewable energy, but appropriate locations for large wind developments exist nearby, such as areas disturbed by industrial use, agricultural lands, and lands with low resource values. Wind development is inappropriate at this site for the following reasons:

The Walker Ridge area is part of an important wildlife corridor of unbroken natural habitat that provides connectivity from the Klamath-Siskiyou region and the Mendocino National Forest to the north, through to the Cache Creek Wilderness Area and Knoxville public lands to the south.

There are potentially significant impacts to migratory birds and bats from the proposed Walker Ridge wind farm. And there is evidence that this area may be critical for migrating birds.

Five relatively rare butterflies are found at Walker Ridge. Butterflies are of particular concern because many species, including several of the above, use aggregation on hilltops as an essential part of the mate-finding process.

The question of how wind towers may affect the air and flight column for birds, bats, butterflies, dragonflies and damselflies is a critical question that needs review and input by the scientific community.

The presence of mercury (and chromium) in serpentine rocks and soils (USGS reports) on Walker Ridge and other adjacent lands constitute a potential public health hazard should further disturbances occur to ridge landscapes. Large-scale earth movement, including wind-tower pad development and road grading could mobilize mercury- laden soils, as well as increase sedimentation—the primary route of mercury discharges—into nearby water sources.

The Walker Ridge area contains lands with wilderness characteristics; therefore, potential wilderness areas must be assessed prior to any irrevocable commitments. Walker Ridge is adjacent to Bear Valley, a renowned wildflower area, where a large public and private investment of $1.5 million purchased a conservation easement to protect the scenic, conservation, and working landscape values in perpetuity. Large contiguous natural areas, such as the region surrounding Walker Ridge provide our best hope for addressing loss of species and open space, preserving water quality and adapting to climate change. The region also provides countless opportunities for connecting the communities of the Bay Area and the Central Valley with nature and recreation.

Sincerely,

*** Membership Coordinator Needed ***

The Sanhedrin Chapter needs a membership coordinator. This position requires* some use of a computer, Microsoft Excel and Word, and email programs, a reliable printer, and associated computer skills. I estimate about 2 hours a month for keeping the Chapter’s membership roster up to date, and to periodically revise the mailing list and produce mailing labels for the quarterly newsletter (4 time a year). *Of course, if you want to do this work but don’t use a computer, something might be worked out for your contributions of time and effort! Please contact me with questions, or when you decide to take this on! Peter @ (707) 829-1183; [email protected]

What is Membership? Why Every Single Person in California Should Be an Active CNPS Member By Peter Warner

Over the past 3 years, along with others in the California Native Plant Society (CNPS), I’ve deliberated on the matter of membership in our organization. I’ve thought aloud or in silence, trying to conjure creative ways to attract new members to the Sanhedrin and Dorothy King Young Chapters, and to elicit greater participation from the existing membership. I make some attempts, personally inviting people, members or not, along on field trips, encouraging non-members to consider joining, and emphasizing the importance of California’s native flora to our collective well-being -- a bonus for caring for the plants and their habitats – to classes and other groups. Yet I have not yet seen any dramatic increase in either individual chapter membership levels, or heard that the statewide organization has significantly increased its membership – I could be wrong, but I’m also not talking about a few hundred or even thousand members here and there. Why doesn’t CNPS have millions of members?

In this brief article, I will address two issues: 1) the need for active membership in CNPS, and 2) the need for much greater total membership in the organization. I think these are critically important concerns for the overall health of CNPS, the native flora of California, the people who live in this state, and global biological diversity and health.

Part 1 In my approximately 27 years of CNPS membership, I’ve been active about 23 years. By ―active,‖ I mean participating and engaged beyond paying dues, reading Fremontia, and going to annual potluck dinners or occasional field trips. These type of events are fun, no doubt, and part of the essential social fabric of CNPS, but they don’t sustain the organization’s chapters, and are tangential to preservation of the native flora at the local and regional level. Even a small chapter such as Sanhedrin needs members who are committed to take on responsibilities necessary for maintaining the chapter organization: a president to coordinate and delegate, run meetings, and serve as the primary liaison with other organizations and the public; a secretary to maintain records of chapter business; a newsletter editor to compile, polish, and publish educational and organizational information; a publicity person to inform media and organizations about the chapter; members who assist in general outreach and fundraising; and conservation activists, among many other roles and responsibilities needed to provide life to a CNPS chapter.

Over the past 4 years, I’ve personally experienced working with a very small group of Sanhedrin’s membership as we’ve struggled to maintain the Chapter – perhaps 8 to 10 individuals who attend Board of Directors meetings, who volunteer time to Chapter administrative needs, who tend to our meager treasury, who organize and participate in Chapter events, who write, and make telephone calls, who correspond with public and private parties to advocate for native plants, and who donate a substantial proportion of their time to keep the Chapter going. Most of us do this work fairly selflessly for the love of native plants and for the sake of the organization founded to preserve the native flora.

I’ll get to the point: some active Chapter members, at times, feel discouraged with the relative lack of participation by the general Chapter membership, and wonder what we can do to elicit more assistance in keeping the Chapter going. The number of vacant Board positions, and possibilities for promoting CNPS and native plants, are numerous, but here’s my attempt to list some of the roles and responsibilities for which the Chapter could use assistance:  publicity and media outreach  chapter council delegate  native plant sales  programs  native plant propagation  policy and legislation  education  book & poster, etc. sales  website design, maintenance  conservation  membership  hospitality

This is not idle whining – the Chapter needs people committed to run Chapter business in order to retain its viability as a legal, not-for-profit organization. We need more people to attend Board meetings so we can meet the minimal quorum for ―official‖meetings, and to organize general meetings and other events. We should all be grateful for each and every member of CNPS, and we are indeed, but simply ―belonging‖ to an organization doesn’t make it a going concern. Without greater commitment from, and participation and assistance in Chapter business and functioning from its members, that is, without many more active members, the Sanhedrin Chapter will not survive.

Part 2 From a broader perspective, I’ve often pondered why we need environmental advocacy and watchdog organizations such as CNPS and Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth and Center for Biological Diversity, et al., why we need environmental lawyers, why we need to continually wage unrelentingly myriad campaigns to defend the spectacular diversity and sustenance of this green and watery planet upon which ALL LIFE DEPENDS! In a sensible world, wouldn’t we strive to live as if all upon which our living depends were truly sacred? Wouldn’t reverence for the life-giving and -sustaining power of nature be our fundamental value? What kind of ―rationality‖ that allows the destruction and depletion of the means of life, as well as of life itself, would ever be tolerated? Why would any species continue to demonstrate behavior that works against its best interests?

Tragically, we are immersed in an intractably deadly, quasi-religious faith in an economic juggernaut that, by definition, relies on the continual and unabated extraction, destruction, and consumption of the Earth’s bounty – capitalism is killing the planet and killing us. Moreover, we have a culture controlled and managed by sociopaths, pathological liars, and death merchants – all, incidentally, humans -- who promote imperialistic campaigns of destruction and annihilation (―wars‖), deadly industries (e.g., chemical, nuclear, coal, genetic manipulation), political repression and terrorism, and financial skullduggery, in order to wrest every last bit of artificially manifested, philosophically manipulated, financial profit from the Earth. The unabated rape and pillage of the planet, the destruction of indigenous cultures, the deceitful marketing, the promotion of unadulterated sloth and overconsumption, and the killing of life and all that is necessary for life, are beyond insanity – these actions are deliberate crimes, a purposeful campaign waged against the Earth and its unique capacity to provide, with no sustaining physical, spiritual, moral, or psychological value for human lives, let alone the lives of other beings. Defending the Earth from those who act so maliciously and treat all life as expendable should be a no-brainer, right?

Alas, while the stage is set for an enlightened, righteous, and long overdue response to such dire threats to life, where are the players? Off pursuing those evasive, illusionary sirens called ―prosperity,‖ ―success,‖ and ―wealth,‖ no doubt. Many have convinced themselves that even ―happiness‖ and mere ―survival‖ run with that same vampish, or vampirish, crowd. Such a tragedy and farce, when all that is truly needed for life and happiness lives on the land, in water and air, and I dare write, in our hearts, if we bothered to look deeply enough into our wounded souls and psyches – souls and psyches suffering from the monumental weight of insults and attacks on the Earth and life.

Yet so many continue to be deluded by the empty promises of material wealth, and by the lies of those who purport to represent our best interests – those who, at any time, for any ―reason,‖ will exploit or kill anyone or anything to make a dollar or get a vote. People everywhere need – yes, it’s mandatory -- to stop having any faith in the corrupt, unsustainable, deceitful, and life-obliterating tenets of capitalism and corporate-beholden politics. We all need to re- evaluate our priorities, to accept and embrace the basic necessities of life, and to come to grips with the reality that money and power are the tools of human vice, truly evil weapons used, not only to maim and destroy, but also to deceive and delude the many to enrich the few at any cost. Humans everywhere need to renounce and reject the greed and envy that destroy life and all that leverages economic ―benefit‖ at the expense of ecological value. Only through a transformative reconciliation with the Earth and its nature, with which we are undeniably bound, will we be saved from ourselves.

All human beings need to participate in the creation of a new, or more accurately, rejuvenated, biocentric and ecological paradigm for living. Everyone needs to understand, deeply, the entire ecological context of where he or she lives: locally, regionally, and globally. We all need to appreciate and live by the reality that clean water and air, intact soils and rocks, sunlight, unmolested and healthy ecosystems, and the millions of other organisms with whom we share the planet are all absolutely necessary to the functioning of the global ecosystem. No part is more or less valuable. Anyone who cares about life knows this already, all others are lying or in denial.

I can think of few more conscientious steps towards the rejuvenation of the ecological paradigm than a commitment to greater understanding and advocacy for native plants. Most plants are autotrophic, using solar energy and water and carbon dioxide to produce food for themselves and -- to assert a less onerous nuance of exploitation -- for heterotrophic organisms, including fungi, mammals, birds, and humans, for their sustenance. Plants are an integral part of almost all terrestrial ecosystems and many aquatic ones, and even there, photosynthetic microorganisms fill critical ecological niches in oceans and other watery habitats. Native plants, those that have evolved over thousands to millions of years, are, to a species, uniquely adapted for survival within, and irreplaceable members of their ecosystems.

Knowing native plants, and, in turn, the non-native plants introduced and dispersed by human activities – many to the detriment of ecological diversity and system functioning -- provides a foundation for living our own lives in a more integrated, ecologically sustainable manner. I certainly have no problem with organic, genetically unadulterated gardening of most traditional human-cultivated food crops. Yet knowledge of native plants and local ecology adds dimension and depth to any gardening effort. Many native plants are themselves palatable and nutritious, medicinally valuable, or otherwise useful in the home, in the garden, or on the move. Native plants can attract beneficial birds and insects to gardens, including pollinators and predators, while others can be planted strategically to deter deer, rabbits, or other herbivores, or even nosy neighbors. Perhaps most profoundly, and most critically for the sake of humans, native plant populations harbor the genetic diversity necessary for their long-term survival. Whether considering locally native species or those globally dispersed as food crop seed or stock, companies like Monsanto should be driven off the planet for the crimes committed against indigenous plants and the people who rely upon them. The preservation of genetic diversity and integrity is absolutely essential to the long-term survival of plants and all other organisms.

I hope I’ve made the point that we are all members of ecosystems, near and far. We are all indelibly bound to and dependent upon the physical and chemical processes of functioning ecosystems, and, among other biotic groups, plants. Native plants are vital for the functioning of wild ecosystems, and can be wildly successful additions to domestic gardens. Why, then, isn’t every human being a member of a native plant society or an ecological advocacy organization of one name or another? Why wouldn’t anyone want to promote and advocate for the plants that sustain life and provide so much aesthetic enrichment to our landscapes and spiritual depth to our lives? Why does the California Native Plant Society, in a state with a human population of almost 40 million individuals, have a mere 10,000 or so members (about 1 member for every 4000 residents; 0.025%)?

Sadly, I need to come to grips with another reality: most humans are really, really stupid, made more stupid by worthless trinkets, vacuous drivel, and personal vanity. I can only assume that the delusions and distractions of material consumption, a criminal if clever strategy employed by sociopaths to advance their own evil and selfish agendas, work because most humans are lazy, even dumber than sheep, and a lot dumber than rocks! I also know that most of us are virtually trapped in the vast web of deceit and treachery, too enmeshed to see the advantages of shedding the glittering but ephemeral material for the truly lustrous and lasting wealth of Earth’s substance. Alas, if only I had to power to empower humans to really pay attention to the critical importance of fully functional ecosystems to our survival, individually as well as a species, we wouldn’t need such advocacy groups, and we wouldn’t be destroying life, land, water, air, and ourselves. We’d recognize, and live by, the holistic tenets of aboriginal cultures, who long ago knew the most fundamental truths about the Earth, and knew enough the great danger of living outside the law.

CATALOG OF NATIVE VASCULAR PLANTS OBSERVED MT. KONOCTI COUNTY PARK 2010 Edward Dearing and Karen Sullivan v.1a

Scientific Classification Common Name Type Status

DIVISION: PTEROPHYTA

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE BRACKEN FAMILY Pteridium aquilinum bracken herb common

DRYOPTERIDACEAE WOOD FERN FAMILY Polypodium calirhiza licorice fern herb common Polystichum imbricans rock sword fern herb commmon

PTERIDACEAE BRAKE FAMILY Pentagramma triangularis goldback fern herb common

DIVISION: CONIFEROPHYTA (GYMNOSPERMS)

PINACEAE PINE FAMILY Pinus attenuata knobcone pine tree common Pinus ponderosa ponderosa pine tree common Pinus sabiniana gray pine tree common Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir tree common

DIVISION: ANTHOPHYTA (ANGIOSPERMS) CLASS: DICOTYLEDONAE

ANACARDIACEAE SUMAC FAMILY Rhus trilobata fragrant sumac shrub common Toxicodendron diversilobum poison oak shrub/vine common

APIACEAE PARSLEY FAMILY Angelica californica California angelica herb common Lomatium dissectum fern leafed lomatium herb common Osmorhiza chilensis sweet cicely herb common Sanicula crassicaulis Pacific snakeroot herb common Sanicula tuberosa tuberous snakeroot herb common Yabea microcarpa yabea herb common

APOCYNACEAE DOGBANE FAMILY Apocynum androsaemifolium bitter dogbane herb common

ASCLEPIADACEAE MILKWEED FAMILY Asclepias cordifolia purple milkweed herb common Asclepias fascicularis narrow-leaf milkweed herb oommon Asclepias speciosa showy milkweed herb common

ASTERACEAE SUNFLOWER FAMILY Achillea millefolia yarrow herb common Agoseris heterophylla annual agoseris herb common Agoseris retrosa spearleaf mountain dandelion herb common Arnica discoidea rayless arnica herb common Artemisia douglasiana mugwort herb common Aster radulinus roughleaved aster herb common Baccharis piluaris brush shrub common nardosmia silver crown herb common Cirsium occidentale var. candidissimum snowy thistle herb common Eriophyllum lanatum wooly sunflower herb common Gnaphalium canescens everlasting blueweed herb common Grindelia camporum gumplant herb common Helianthella californica California false sunflower herb common Hemizonia congesta hayfield tarweed herb common Hieracium albiflorum white hawkweed herb common Madia elegans common madia herb common Madia exigua threadstem madia herb common Madia madioides forest madia herb common Senecio aronicoides Caifornia butterweed herb common Wyethia glabra mule ears herb common

BERBERIDACEAE BARBERRY FAMILY Berberis aquifolium var. dictyota Jepson's mahonia shrub common Berberis aquifolium var. repens trailing mahonia shrub common

BORAGINACEAE BORAGE FAMILY Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia common fiddleneck herb common Cynoglossum grande hound's tongue herb common

BRASSICACEAE MUSTARD FAMILY Cardamine californica milk maids herb common Draba verna whitlow grass herb common Erysium capitatum western wallflower herb common

CAPRIFOLICEAE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY Lonicera hispudula var. vacillans pink honeysuckle vine common Lonicera interrupta chaparral honeysuckle vine common Sambucus mexicana blue elderberry shrub common Symphoricarpus albus var. laevegatus snowberry shrub common Symphoricarpus mollis creeping snowberry vine common

CARYOPHYLLACEAE PINK FAMILY Silene californica Indian pink herb common

CONVOLULACEAE MORNING GLORY FAMILY Calystegia occidentalis western morning glory herb common

CORNACEAE DOGWOOD FAMILY Cornus nuttallii mountain dogwood shrub common

CUCURBITACEAE GOURD FAMILY Marah fabaceus California man-root vine common

ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY common Arctostaphylos canescens var. CNPS-1B sonomensis Sonoma manzanita shrub rare Arctostaphylos manzanita var. CNPS-1B elegans Mt. Konocti manzanita shrub rare Arctostaphylos stanfordiana Stanford manzanita shrub common Chimaphila menziesii little prince's pine herb common

FABACEAE PEA FAMILY Cercis occidentalus western redbud shrub common Lathyrus jepsonii var. californicus California pea herb common Lathyrus vestitus hillside pea herb common Lotus crassifolius broad-leaf lotus herb common Lotus humistratus short-pod lotus herb common Lotus purshianus Pursh's lotus herb common Lotus scoparius California broom shrub common Lupinus adsurgens Drew's silky lupine herb common Lupinus albifrons silver lupine herb common Lupinus latifolius broad-leaf lupine herb common Lupinus nanus small lupine herb common Pickeringia montana chaparral pea shrub common Rupertia physodes California-tea herb common

FAGACEAE BEECH FAMILY Quercus berberifolia scrub oak shrub common Quercus chrysolepis canyon live oak tree common Quercus chrysolepis var. nana dwarf canyon live oak shrub common Quercus douglasii blue oak tree common Quercus kelloggii California black oak tree common Quercus wislizenii Interior live oak tree common Quercus wislizenii var. frutescens scrub interior live oak shrub common

GARRYACEAE SILK TASSLE FAMILY Garrya fremontii Fremont's silk tassle shrub common

GERANIACEAE GERANIUM FAMILY Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium herb common

GROSSULARIACEAE CURRANT FAMILY Ribes roezlii var. cruentum glabrous sierra gooseberry shrub common

HYDROPHYLLACEAE WATERLEAF FAMILY Eriodictyon californicum yerba santa shrub common Nemophila menziesii baby blue eyes herb common Nemophila parviflora small flowered nemophila herb common Phacelia imbricatum imbricate phacelia herb common Phacelia rattanii Rattan's phacelia herb common Phacelia suaveolens sweet scented phacelia herb uncommon

HYPERICACEAE ST. JOHN'S WORT FAMILY Hypericum concinnum goldwire herb common

LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY Lepechinia calycina pitcher sage herb common Monardella villosa coyote mint herb common Salvia sonomensis Sonoma sage herb common Stachys ajugoides var. ridgida ridgid hedge nettle herb common

HIPPOCASTANACEAE HORSE CHESTNUT FAMILY Aesculus californica California buckeye tree/scrub common

LAURACEAE LAUREL FAMILY Umbellularia californica California bay tree/scrub common

ONAGRACEAE EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY Clarkia rhomboidea diamond clarkia herb common

PHILADELPHACAEAE MOCK ORANGE FAMILY Whipplea modesta yerba de selva herb common

POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY Collomia grandiflora large flowered collomia herb common Collomia heterophylla varied-leaved collomia herb common Gilia capitata blue field gilia herb common Gilia tricolor bird's eyes herb common Leptosiphon androsaceus shower leptosiphon herb common Leptosiphon parviflora small-flowered common leptosiphon herb common Navarretia divaricara mountain navarretia herb common Phlox gracilis slender phlox herb common

POLYGALACEAE MILKWORT FAMILY Polygala californica California milkwort herb common

POLYGONACEAE BUCKWHEAT FAMILY Eriogonum nudum naked buckwheat herb common

PORTULACACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY Claytonia perfoliata miner's lettuce herb common Claytonia gypsophiloides Coast Range claytonia herb common

PRIMULACEAE PRIMROSE FAMILY Dodecatheon hendersonii Henderson's shooting stars herb common Trientalis latifolia starflower herb common

RANUCULACEAE BUTTERCUP FAMILY Aquilegia formosa western columbine herb common Delphinium nudicale red larkspur herb common Ranunculus occidentalis western buttercup herb common

RHAMNACEAE BUCKTHORN FAMILY common Ceanothus cuneatus buck brush shrub common Ceanothus integerrimus deer brush shrub common Rhamnus californica California coffeeberry shrub common

ROSACEAE ROSE FAMILY Adenostoma fasciculatum chamise shrub common Cercocarpus betuloides birch-leaf mountain mahogany shrub common Fragaria vesca wood strawberry herb common Heteromeles arbutifolia toyon shrub common Holodiscus discolor cream bush shrub common Oemleria cerasiformus oso berry shrub common Prunus emarginata bitter cherry shrub common Rosa californica California rose shrub common Rosa gymnocarpa wood rose shrub common Rosa spithamea ground rose shrub common

RUBIACEAE MADDER FAMILY Galium aparine goose grass herb common Galium californicum California bedstraw herb common Galium porrigens climbing bedstraw herb common

RUTACEAE RUE FAMILY Ptelea crenulata hop tree shrub common

SAXIFRAGACEAE SAXIFRAGE FAMILY Lithophragma heterophyllum woodland star herb common Saxifraga californica California saxifrage herb common

SCROPHULARIACEAE FIGWORT FAMILY Castilleja applegatei Indian paintbrush herb common Castilleja foliosa wooly Indian paintbrush herb common Collinsia sparsiflora few-flowered collinsia herb common Keckiella breviflorus gaping beardtongue shrub common Keckiella lemmonii bush beardtongue shrub common Mimulus aurantiacus sticky monkeyflower shrub common Pedicularis densiflorus Indian warrior herb common Penstemon heterophyllus var. purdyi Purdys' beardtongue herb common Penstemon newberryi var. CNPS 1B sonomensis Sonoma beardtongue herb rare

VALERIANACEAE VALERIAN FAMILY Plectritis macrocera plectritis herb common

VERBENACEAE VERVAIN FAMILY Verbena lasiostachys purple vervain herb common

VIOLACEAE VIOLET FAMILY Viola lobata pine violet herb common Viola lobata ssp.integrifolia pine violet herb common Viola purpurea ssp. quercetorum oak-leaf violet herb common

VISCACEAE MISTLETOE FAMILY Arceuthobium campylopodum western dwarf mistletoe shrub common Phoradendron villosum oak mistletoe shrub common

DIVISION: ANTHOPHYTA (ANGIOSPERMS) CLASS: MONOCOTYLEDONAE

CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY Carex multicaulis many-stemmed sedge herb common

IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY Iris fernaldii fernald's iris herb common Iris macrosiphon long-tubed iris herb common Sisyrinchium bellum blue-eyed grass herb common

LILIACEAE LILY FAMILY Brodiaea elegans harvest brodiaea herb common Calochortus amablis yellow globe lily herb common Calochortus tolmiei pussy ears herb common Chlorogalum pomeridianum soap plant herb common Dichelostemma capitatum blue dicks herb common Dichelostemma congestum ookow herb common Disporum hookeri fairy bells herb common Fritillaria affinis checker lily herb common CNPS 4 Lilium rubescens redwood lily herb rare Smilacina racemosa false solomon's seal herb common Triteleia laxa Ithuriel's spear herb common Zigadenus fremontii death camas herb common

ORCHIDACEAE ORCHID FAMILY Corallorhiza striata striped coral root herb uncommon Piperia elongata elongate piperia herb common

POACEAE GRASS FAMILY Agroseris hallii Hall's bent grass herb common Danthonia californica California oatgrass herb common Festuca californica California fescue herb common Festuca occidentalis western fescue herb common Melica torreyana Torrey's melica herb common Poa secunda one-sided bluegrass herb common Vulpia microstachys Nuttall's fescue herb common