The Stoics and the State
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Xerox University Microfilms
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De Otio De Brevitate Vitae
SENECA DE OTIO DE BREVITATE VITAE G. D. WILLIAMS Associate Professor of Classics, Columbia University, New York The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge , United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, ,UK West th Street, New York, -, USA Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, , Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on , Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town , South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Baskerville / pt and New Hellenic System LATEX ε [] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library hardback paperback CONTENTS Preface page vii Conventions and abbreviations viii Introduction Author and date: initial problems The Dialogues in context (a) The Stoicbackground (b) The Roman philosophical tradition (c) From Republicto Empire De otio (a) The view from above (b) Date, addressee and related problems De breuitate uitae (a) Preliminaries (b) Date and addressee (c) Theme and interpretation Style and language (a) Senecan style: context and general tendency (b) Senecan mannerism, vocabulary, wordplay The transmission of the text L. ANNAEI SENECAE DE OTIO; DE BREVITATE VITAE Commentary Bibliography Indexes General Latin words Greek words v INTRODUCTION . AUTHOR AND DATE: INITIAL PROBLEMS Born into a provincial equestrian family of Italian extraction at Corduba (modern C´ordoba) in southern Spain, Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c. – ) wasraisedand educated from an early age at Rome. -
INTRODUCTION Aules Persius Flaccus Was Born Into a Middle
INTRODUCTION Stoic Satire Aules Persius Flaccus was born into a middle-class family on 4th December, A.D. 34, at Volaterrae in Etruria. At the age of twelve, he moved to Rome to further his education and four years later joined the circle of the Stoic philosopher Lucius Annaeus Cornutus. It was the beginning of a lifelong association for Persius, who acknowledges his debt to Cornutus' teachings in Satire 5. Other Stoics befriended by Persius included the poet Lucan and the leader of the 'Stoic opposition' to Nero in the Senate, Thrasea Paetus. He also met Seneca. Persius shunned a public career, apparently preferring a more sheltered way oflife. He died on 24th November, A.D. 62. 1 In contrast to Lucilius, Horace and Juvenal, who adopt Stoic ethics only occasionally and display a generally lukewarm attitude towards them, Persius is a wholehearted subscriber. Stoicism is most noticeable in Satires 3 and 5, but it runs through all his other poems with the exception of Satire 6. The depth and sincerity of Persius' commitment to Stoicism is indicated by, inter alia, his passionate condemnation of materialism in contemporary religion (2.61-75), the forceful Stoic sermon directed against himself (3.15-62), his flattering tribute to Cornutus (5.21-51) and the relentless and uncompromising diatribe on libertas (5.83-123). The element of positive moral exhortation is far more marked in Persius' poetry than in that of Horace and Juvenal. The latter tend to criticise failings and vices in a negative manner, censuring and ridiculing without specifying an alternative way of life. -
Jakub Pigon, Reviewing Jacqueline M. Carlon, Pliny's Women
Jacqueline M. Carlon, Pliny’s Women: Constructing Virtue and Creating Identity in the Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Pp. x + 270. Cloth, $85. The book under review is yet another proof of the growing interest in Pliny the Younger, an author who, only some twenty years ago, seemed rather neglected by classical scholars. Since the late nineties, a number of book-length treatments of his work have appeared, including monographs by Ludolph (1997), Hoffer (1999), Beutel (2000), Henderson (2002), Méthy (2007), Marchesi (2008) and, most recently, Lefèvre (2009), as well as two conference volumes edited by, respectively, Castagna and Lefèvre (2003) and Morello and Gibson (as a special issue of Arethusa 36 [2003], 2). Here we have a book which, to my knowledge, is the first full-length study on Pliny’s representation of women (another book, by Jo-Ann Shelton, is announced for January 2011 by Routledge). Women play, at least by Roman standards, quite an important role in Pliny’s correspondence. According to Carlon’s own figures (p. 8), out of the 368 letters of the whole corpus (books 1–10) no less than 72 contain some references to women (see the table in Appendix B, pp. 223–226); within this group, women appear as the main or significant subject in 38 letters. In this rewritten version of a Boston University PhD thesis (supervised by Ann Vasaly), Jacqueline Carlon (henceforth, C.) shows how more or less detailed descriptions of, and references to, women in Pliny’s correspondence serve what she identifies as the overriding goal of his literary pursuits, namely the securing of his own aeternitas (this key term is, characteristically, the last word of her book). -
2 the School in the Roman Imperial Period
christopher gill 2 The School in the Roman Imperial Period 1. the stereotype According to a stereotypical view, Stoicism in the period of the Roman Empire was philosophically uncreative. The ‘school’ had an ill-defined institutional status and there was a good deal of eclecti- cism and merging of different philosophies. The dominant theme was ethics, and the main surviving works consist of exercises in practical moralising based on ideas mapped out centuries before. Unsurpris- ingly, in the later part of this period, Stoicism was replaced as a living philosophy by a revived Platonism and by a form of Christianity that was increasingly more sophisticated and theoretically aware. Like all stereotypes, this one contains an element of truth; but it obscures important respects in which Stoicism continued as an active philosophical force for at least the first two centuries a.d. Although there was no institutional ‘school’ as there was in the Hellenistic Age, there were numerous Stoic teachers, and the distinc- tive three-part Stoic educational curriculum was maintained, with important work continuing in all three areas (i.e., logic, ethics, and physics). As well as being the dominant philosophical movement in the period, Stoicism was also strongly embedded in Greco-Roman culture and, to some extent, in political life, and the ideal of living a properly Stoic life remained powerful. In the third and fourth cen- turies a.d. and later, Neoplatonic and Christian writers built on key Stoic ideas and absorbed them into their systems. 33 Cambridge Companions Online © Cambridge University Press, 2006 34 christopher gill 2. -
Here an Attempt Was Made to Analyse the Nexus of Familial, Amical and Patronal Ties Wherein Domitius Corbulo Flourished
DOMITIUS CORBULO AND THE SENATORIAL OPPOSITION TO THE REIGN OF NERO* I. INTRODUCTION Domitius Corbulo enjoyed trust and considerable favour with Gaius and Claudius. In AD 39, he became consul suffectus, no doubt as a conse- quence of his well-attested connections to the domus Augusta and prob- ably as a token of imperial gratitude for the financial profits Gaius made out of the prosecutions of the highway commissioners that Corbulo’s ran- corous (and homonymous) father had pursued ever since the rule of Tiberius. Although in 43, Claudius forced Corbulo Maior to repay a part of the fines to his victims, the star of Corbulo the Younger continued to rise. In 47, he achieved military repute as legatus Augusti pro praetore exercitus Germaniae inferioris, receiving the ornamenta triumphalia for his ruthless campaign against several Germanic tribes. Around AD 52, Corbulo got the prestigious proconsulate of Asia. That Nero also had complete confidence in Corbulo up to and including the eventful year of AD 65, is irrefutable1. In 63, the emperor commanded all legati Augusti pro praetore serving in the Eastern imperial provinces to obey the military orders of Corbulo, whose imperium pro praetore was * This paper may be construed as the complement of A Note on Syme’s Chronology of Vistilia’s Children, AncSoc 30 (2000), p. 95-113, where an attempt was made to analyse the nexus of familial, amical and patronal ties wherein Domitius Corbulo flourished. The results of this analysis may help to explain Corbulo’s unusually successful political and military career. I sincerely wish to thank Prof. -
99-114 the Suicides of Otho and Nero in Suetonius Mb
THE SUICIDES OF OTHO AND NERO IN SUETONIUS M B Charles (Southern Cross Business School, Southern Cross University) and E Anagnostou-Laoutides (School of Philosophical, Historical and International Studies, Monash University) Both Otho and Nero are usually regarded as ‘bad’ emperors in the historical record, and their conduct is often assimilated. Yet Suetonius’ treatment of their suicides, while cleverly approximating the two events, nevertheless shows clear differences. While Nero appears weak and without resolve, Otho bravely shrugs off his supposed effeminacy and dies a true Roman emperor, more so since his death was intended to preserve the lives of his fellow citizens. Suetonius deliberately composed Otho’s exitus scene in such a way as to leave the reader with a positive impression of the emperor, simultaneously to the detriment of Nero. It is well known that Suetonius placed a good deal of import on the deaths of his imperial subjects, including the omens presaging them, and the precise context in which the emperors met their ends.1 These death-scenes, it follows, are meant to provide a final illumination of the character of his subjects, something very much in keeping with general attitudes in the ancient world towards death.2 Describing a person’s manner of death, to Suetonius and his contemporaries, effectively constituted providing a person’s literary epitaph, distilling much of what we need to remember about that person’s character, with Arand (2002:230-232) even suggesting that the deaths of ‘bad’ emperors offer more scope for literary effect. Given Suetonius’ general propensity to arrange his material so as to cohere with 1 Translations in this article are taken directly or else are adapted from the relevant Loeb editions. -
Pragmatic Dimensions in Parable Research and the Divine Economy of the Basileia
Page 1 of 11 Original Research Pragmatic dimensions in parable research and the divine economy of the basileia Author: Interpreting a parable requires the decoding of the nature of an analogy which will reveal Andries G. van Aarde1 the degree of the deciphering of the riddle communicated through parabolic discourse. In Affiliation: biblical hermeneutics throughout the 20th century Aristotelian logic revived in parable 1Department of New research in that the nature of a ‘meta-phor’ between the subject and the predicate in a Testament Studies, Faculty comparison (the so-called Ähnlichkeitsrelation) was understood in terms of either ‘epi-phor’ of Theology, University of (analogy) or ‘dia-phor’ (disanalogy). This distinction contributes to the disclosure of power Pretoria, South Africa relationships concealed in religious discourse by uncovering the subversive dimension of Note: parabolic discourse. This article focuses on aspects from pragmatic linguistics (especially the This article was a paper role of implicature in communication) and antisociety language usage. These two aspects presented at a panel are explained by illustrations from the Jesus tradition (parable of the pearl), Epictetus’s discussion on ‘Parables and religious knowledge’ dissertations (meal parable), and Paul’s comments on marriage (1 Cor 7). during the EASR Conference ‘Religion and pluralities of knowledge’ at the University of Groningen, the Introduction Netherlands, 11–14 May In Stoic philosophy, at the turn of the pre- and 1st century Christian eras, the notion ‘divine 2014. The project is located economy’, in Greek dioikēsis theia (see Brent Shaw 1985:29), that is a ‘divine administration’ at Utrecht University and the School of Catholic Theology (Liddell & Scott [1843] 1961:432), signifies a parabolic speech act which expresses one of the at the Tilburg University and greatest epistemological transformations in history.1 It concurred with and even prepared the is directed by Prof. -
On the Spirit of Rights the Life of Ideas
On the Spirit of Rights the life of ideas Series Editors Suzanne Marchand, Louisiana State University Darrin M. McMahon, Dartmouth College After a period of some eclipse, the study of intellectual history has enjoyed a broad resurgence in recent years. The Life of Ideas contributes to this revitalization through the study of ideas as they are produced, disseminated, received, and practiced in different historical contexts. The series aims to embed ideas— those that endured, and those once persuasive but now forgot- ten— in rich and readable cultural histories. Books in this series draw on the latest methods and theories of intellectual history while being written with elegance and élan for a broad audience of readers. On the Spirit of Rights Dan Edelstein The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London © 2019 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission, except in the case of brief quotations in critical articles and reviews. For more information, contact the University of Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL 60637. Published 2019 Printed in the United States of America 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN- 13: 978- 0- 226- 58898- 8 (cloth) ISBN- 13: 978- 0- 226- 58903- 9 (e- book) DOI: https:// doi .org /10 .7208 /chicago /9780226589039 .001 .0001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Edelstein, Dan, author. -
Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius by Samuel Dill
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius by Samuel Dill This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius Author: Samuel Dill Release Date: October 23, 2010 [Ebook 34122] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROMAN SOCIETY FROM NERO TO MARCUS AURELIUS*** ROMAN SOCIETY FROM NERO TO MARCUS AURELIUS BY SAMUEL DILL, M.A. HON. LITT.D. DUBLIN, HON. LL.D. EDINBURGH, HON. FELLOW AND LATE TUTOR, C.C.C., OXFORD; PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN QUEEN’S COLLEGE, BELFAST; AUTHOR OF “ROMAN SOCIETY IN THE LAST CENTURY OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE” iii MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED ST. MARTIN’S STREET, LONDON 1925 COPYRIGHT First Edition 1904 Second Edition 1905 Reprinted December 1905, 1911, 1919, 1920, 1925 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN [v] PREFACE There must always be something arbitrary in the choice and isolation of a period of social history for special study. No period can, from one point of view, be broken off and isolated from the immemorial influences which have moulded it, from the succession of coming ages which it will help to fashion. And this is specially true of the history of a race at once so aggressive, yet so tenacious of the past, as the Roman. The national fibre was so tough, and its tone and sentiment so conservative under all external changes, that when a man knows any considerable period of Roman social history, he may almost, without paradox, be said to know a great deal of it from Romulus to Honorius. -
(Oxford World's Classics) Seneca, Tobias Reinhardt, John Davie
oxford world’s classics DIALOGUES AND ESSAYS Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c.1bc–ad 65) was born in Corduba, Spain, and educated in Rome. Plagued all his life by ill health, he embarked on a political career after a stay in Egypt. In 41 he was exiled by the emperor Claudius and only returned to Rome in 49, when he became tutor to the young Nero. Together with the prefect of the Praetorian Guard Sextus Afranius Burrus, he acted as a senior adviser to Nero until 62, withdrew to private life, and was forced to commit suicide in 65. He had taken up writing as a young man. His earliest extant treatises date from the period before his exile. He continued to write throughout his life and was particularly productive in his final years. His treatises are recognized as the most important body of work on Stoicism in Latin. He also wrote the Letters to Lucilius and several tragedies, the earliest extant specimens of the genre in Latin. John Davie is Head of Classics at St Paul’s School, London. He is the author of a number of articles on classical subjects and has recently translated the complete surviving plays of Euripides for Penguin Classics (four volumes). A member of the Hellenic Society’s and Roman Society’s Visiting Panel of Lecturers, he divides his time between London and Oxford, where he teaches Classics to under- graduates at Balliol and other colleges. Tobias Reinhardt is Fellow and Tutor in Latin and Greek at Somerville College, Oxford. He has published books on Aristotle, Cicero, and (jointly with Michael Winterbottom) on Quintilian. -
The Stoic Who Didn't Know It: the University of Wyoming College of Law's First Woman Graduate Hazel Bowman Kerper
Wyoming Law Review Volume 21 Number 2 Article 2 2021 The Stoic Who Didn't Know It: The University of Wyoming College of Law's First Woman Graduate Hazel Bowman Kerper Lindsay Hoyt Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.uwyo.edu/wlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Hoyt, Lindsay (2021) "The Stoic Who Didn't Know It: The University of Wyoming College of Law's First Woman Graduate Hazel Bowman Kerper," Wyoming Law Review: Vol. 21 : No. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://scholarship.law.uwyo.edu/wlr/vol21/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Law Archive of Wyoming Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wyoming Law Review by an authorized editor of Law Archive of Wyoming Scholarship. Hoyt: The Stoic Who Didn't Know It WYOMING LAW REVIEW VOLUME 21 2021 NUMBER 2 THE STOIC WHO DIDN’T KNOW IT: THE UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING COLLEGE OF LAW’S FIRST WOMAN GRADUATE HAZEL BOWMAN KERPER Lindsay Hoyt* I. Introduction .....................................................................................247 II. Stoicism—A Brief History ...............................................................249 III. The Four Virtues of Stoicism ...........................................................253 IV. Modern Day Stoic Women ................................................................254 A. Amelia Earhart .............................................................................255 B. Eleanor Roosevelt ...........................................................................255