Shabbos - Simanim ףד ב – Daf 2
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Shabbos - Simanim ףד ב – Daf 2 האצוה The melocho of .1 From the opening Mishna’s eight cases of passing an object between the ba’al habayis standing in his reshus hayachid (private domain) and the poor person standing in reshus harabim (public domain) we learn: a. One has only transgressed m’doraysa the melocho of hotza’ah (transferring) if he does the act of the object from its state of rest in one domain as well as the act of placing it down )הריע(ק lifting .in another domain ( החנה ) lest one come to do both החנה or קע י הר b. The Rabbis forbid one from doing one of the acts of elements of the transfer. (Bringing in) כה הסנ .2 כה נ הס taking out) also refers to) האצוה Rav Ashi teaches that the Mishna’s usage of the term . האצוה bringing in), since the Mishna includes cases of bringing in as examples of) The Gemara further clarifies that the Tanna refers to any removal of an object from its place as an act of “taking out.” 3. Domains transfers) in the Mishna he is referring to) תואיצי Rava said the when the Tanna uses the word domains. Therefore, the Mishna is understood to mean that there are two domains where one is prohibited to commit four acts of transferring. Siman – House The strange house, where the owner kept passing objects back and forth to a poor person standing outside, featured an exit sign over the entrance and a door mat that said Welcome to the Home of Two Domains. שר ו י ו ת , כה הסנ ,Key words – 8 cases The Zichru Masechta Shabbos Program has been generously sponsored by Mr. and Mrs. Erik and Connie Lindenauer Shabbos - Simanim ףד ג – Daf 3 1. Doing a melocho single-handedly One is only liable to bring a chatas for doing a melocho if he performed it single-handedly. Two people that perform a melocho together are exempt from bringing a chatas. םאו שפנ תחא אטחת הגגשב םעמ ץראה התושעב תחא Rebbe learns this from the passuk of And if an individual from among the people of the land shall sin – צממ תו 'ה רשא אל הנשעת הנשעת אל רשא 'ה תו צממ unintentionally by committing one of the commandments of Hashem that may not be done. by committing it – ושעב ת א ו הת as a contraction of the words התשעב Rebbe teaches the word (the misdeed), which implies that one must do the complete act to be liable. (Tosfos) 2. Lifting a load Rav asked Rebbe what the law is in a case where one’s friend loaded upon him food and drink in a private domain and then the one with the load walked out into the public domain. Is lifting considered as if he lifted the object from its place ( קע י תר ג ו פ ו ) his body to begin walking ?or not תריקע( )ץפח תריקע( since the body is ( קע י הר ) Rebbe answered that it is considered an act of lifting an object considered in a state of resting on the ground and the person would be liable to bring a chatas. This is different than a hand that isn’t considered in a resting state on the ground. 3. Did Rabbis treat hand as a karmelis Abaye stated that it was clear to him from the Mishna that the hand is not considered totally drawn to the body to the point that it is regarded as being in the same domain as the body. If it was, then the poor person standing in the public domain would have given his hand the status of a reshus harabim and the homeowner would have been liable the moment he placed the object in the poor person’s hand. This leads Abaye to inquire whether the Rabbis penalized someone for extending his laden hand into another reshus by giving the hand the status of a karmelis, thereby forbidding him to retract it. This question becomes the focus for the remainder of the Daf. Siman – Camels The camel driver who singlehandedly carried the water that was loaded up on his back into the public domain for his camels made the mistake of sticking his hands full of camel treats into a different domain and was told he might not be able to retract them. Key Words – single-handedly, lifting a load, hand as karmelis The Zichru Masechta Shabbos Program has been generously sponsored by Mr. and Mrs. Erik and Connie Lindenauer Shabbos - Simanim ףד ד – Daf 4 1. Dough on the oven wall Rav Acha the son of Rava taught that Rav Bivi bar Abaye said conclusively if one [intentionally] attached dough to the wall of the oven [on Shabbos] the Rabbis permitted him to remove it before he comes to a transgression that carries the penalty of stoning. 2. Coming to rest in airspace קע י הר Rabba suggests the author of our Mishna is R’ Akiva who states that one does not require the be done in a place that is at least four by four tefachim. This would explain why the poor החנה and person would be liable for lifting or placing an object in the homeowner’s hand which is less than four by four tefachim. According to R’ Akiva, one who throws an object from one reshus hayachid to another reshus hayachid via a reshus harabim is liable because we say that something contained in the airspace of a Therefore, according to . הטולק( ימכ והש החנ )אימד domain is legally viewed as if it came to rest there R’ Akiva a space of four by four tefachim is not required. The Rabbis disagree. 3. Tree branch given the status of the trunk Rav Yosef says the author of the Mishna is Rebbe. The Gemara seeks to clarify which statement of . החנה and קע י הר Rebbe indicates he holds that an area of four by four is not needed for The first source brought is a case one threw an object in a reshus harabim and it landed on a small protrusion four amos away. Rebbe says he is liable seemingly because he does not require a space of four by four tefachim to make someone liable. This source is rejected as Abaye says this case is referring to a tree that was standing in a reshus hayachid and had its branches extend into reshus harabim. Rebbe holds that even though the branches are less than four tefachim, they are given the status of the trunk which is wider than four tefachim. Siman – Door The home video of the throw-the-dough-against-the inside-of the-oven-door contest was very professional, especially with the slow motion making it look like the dough came to rest in the air before the losing shot landed on a tree branch in reshus harabim. Key Words – dough in oven, airspace, branch like the trunk The Zichru Masechta Shabbos Program has been generously sponsored by Mr. and Mrs. Erik and Connie Lindenauer Shabbos - Simanim ףד ה – Daf 5 1. Carrying in a roofed reshus harabim Rav said that one who transports an object four amos in a roofed reshus harabim [on ילגד( Shabbos] is exempt since it does not resemble the encampment in the wilderness . רבדמ )רד 2. A hand is significant like an area four by four tefachim wide Rava said that a person’s hand is as significant to him as an area of four by four tefachim. Even though it is narrower than four tefachim, it can hold very large objects due to its grasping nature (Rambam). This explains why the poor man, when he places the object in the householder’s hand, it is as if he placed it upon an area that is four by four tefachim wide. requires intent קע י הר .3 Rav Yochanan taught that if one lifted food and drink in one corner of a reshus hayachid with the intent on carrying it to another corner of the private domain and then changed his mind walked in and out all day long, he is not liable until he stands still momentarily and then continues walking. .is an essential part of the melocho, it has to be done with intent קע י הר Since the Abaye qualifies this ruling and says that he is liable only if he stood to rest. If he stood merely to adjust his load it is not considered as if he stopped walking. Siman – Haystack The hay ride through the roofed reshus harabim came to a sudden stop when a farmer with massive four by four tefachim hands who was walking in and out of house all day long paused to adjust his load. requires intent קע י הר ,Key Words – roofed reshus harabim, 4x4 hands The Zichru Masechta Shabbos Program has been generously sponsored by Mr. and Mrs. Erik and Connie Lindenauer Shabbos - Simanim ףד ו – Daf 6 1. A Baraisa lists the four domains with regards to Shabbos and examples of each: a. Reshus hayachid – a private domain. - A ditch that is ten tefachim deep and four tefachim wide - A partition that is ten tefachim high and four tefachim wide b. Reshus harabim – a public domain - A highway, a large public plaza, streets that are open at both ends Transferring from a reshus harabim to a reshus hayachid or vice versa is medoraysa prohibited. c. Karmelis – it is neither a reshus harabim because it does not support large-scale traffic, nor a reshus hayachid because it is not enclosed.