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Haematology & Blood Transfusion Handbook

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Haematology & Blood Transfusion Handbook HAE-MAN-1 Haematology and Blood Transfusion Handbook Haematology and Blood Transfusion Version 18 Dec 2020 Page 1 of 50 Haematology & Blood Transfusion Handbook Author : Laura Cowell Page 1 of 50 HAE-MAN-1 Haematology and Blood Transfusion Handbook Haematology and Blood Transfusion Version 18 Dec 2020 Page 2 of 50 Contents General Information……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..4 Service Overview ............................................................................................................ 4 Contact Information ....................................................................................................... 5 The Clinical Haematology Service ...................................................................... 5 Haematology Management Team - All Sites ...................................................... 6 Laboratory Locations .......................................................................................... 6 Accreditation Status ....................................................................................................... 7 Personal Information Policy ........................................................................................... 7 Complaints/Compliments .............................................................................................. 7 Hospital Blood Transfusion Practitioners……………………………………………………………………………..8 Blood Transfusion Tests and Procedures………………………………………………………………..............10 Group and Save ............................................................................................................ 10 Specimens for Investigation of a Positive Antibody Screen. ........................................ 10 Red blood cells ............................................................................................................. 10 Platelets ........................................................................................................................ 11 Fresh Frozen Plasma ..................................................................................................... 11 Investigation of Transfusion Reactions ........................................................................ 12 Plasma Fractions........................................................................................................... 12 Platelet and Granulocyte Immunology at NHSBT ........................................................ 12 HLA at NHSBT ............................................................................................................... 13 Foetal Typing at NHSBT ................................................................................................ 13 Antenatal Screening ..................................................................................................... 13 Emergency Blood .......................................................................................................... 14 Anticoagulant Service………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..15 Specimen Collection, Labelling and Transport……………………………………………………….…………..16 Specimen Collection ..................................................................................................... 16 Sample and Request Form Labelling ............................................................................ 17 Blood Transfusion test requests................................................................................... 17 Haematology test requests .......................................................................................... 17 Storage and Transport conditions ................................................................................ 19 Pneumatic Tube System (Not Rochdale Infirmary) ...................................................... 20 High Risk Samples ......................................................................................................... 20 Repertoire of Tests and Reference Ranges…………………………………………………..…………………….22 Blood Transfusion test repertoire ................................................................................ 22 Haematology in house test repertoire ......................................................................... 23 Reference Ranges ......................................................................................................... 24 Patient Consent ............................................................................................................ 26 Factors known to affect test performance .................................................................. 26 Additional tests ............................................................................................................ 27 Results…………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….…………..…28 Specialist test information and procedures………………………………………………..………………..…. 29 Haemoglobinopathy Screening .................................................................................... 29 Author : Laura Cowell Page 2 of 50 HAE-MAN-1 Haematology and Blood Transfusion Handbook Haematology and Blood Transfusion Version 18 Dec 2020 Page 3 of 50 Bone Marrow Testing ................................................................................................... 30 Blood Coagulation ........................................................................................................ 30 Major Blood Loss .......................................................................................................... 31 Suspected Bleeding Diathesis....................................................................................... 31 Suspected Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) ........................................... 31 Screen for Liver Biopsy ................................................................................................. 31 Heparin Therapy ........................................................................................................... 31 Oral Anticoagulants ...................................................................................................... 31 Thrombophilia screen .................................................................................................. 32 Lupus Anticoagulant Screen ......................................................................................... 33 D Dimer ......................................................................................................................... 33 Factor Assays ................................................................................................................ 33 von Willebrand Screen ................................................................................................. 33 Haemolytic Disorders ................................................................................................... 34 Haematinics assays ....................................................................................................... 34 Erythropoietin Levels ................................................................................................... 34 Blood Film Morphology ................................................................................................ 34 Screening for Malaria and Other Blood Parasites. ....................................................... 35 Quality Control, Assurance and Measurement Uncertainty……………………………………………….35 Quality Control………………………………………………………………………………………………………..36 Quality Assurance ......................................................................................................... 36 Measurement Uncertainty (MU) ................................................................................. 36 Referred Tests.............………………………………………………………………………………………………………..37 Author : Laura Cowell Page 3 of 50 HAE-MAN-1 Haematology and Blood Transfusion Handbook Haematology and Blood Transfusion Version 18 Dec 2020 Page 4 of 50 General Information Service Overview The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust (PAT) is one of the largest in the North West and the largest non-teaching hospital Trust in England. It employs over 9,000 staff and provides high quality general and specialist services to approximately 820,000 residents across the north east of Greater Manchester. The Trust currently provides services from three Care Organisations, Oldham (Oldham Royal Hospital), Bury (Fairfield General Hospital) and Rochdale (Rochdale Infirmary). The Trust also provides a range of community services. The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust have recently joined together to create a new Group of hospitals to deliver a variety of local healthcare services; the Northern Care Alliance (NCA). Pathology at Pennine provides services to the Oldham, Bury and Rochdale Care Organisations and also to North Manchester General Hospital and to primary care in the surrounding areas. The Haematology and Blood Transfusion service is provided by a Central Facility located at the Royal Oldham Hospital (TROH) in conjunction with Essential Service Laboratories (ESL’s) located at the Fairfield General Hospital (FGH) and North Manchester General Hospital (NMGH). The service is provided 24 hours a day, 365 days a year by a team of HCPC Registered Biomedical Scientists, Associate Practitioners and Biomedical Support Workers. The laboratories provide a full service between 09:00 hours and 17:00 hours, Monday to Friday excluding public holidays. Outside these hours the service is primarily for urgent work. Samples originating from Rochdale Infirmary are transported and
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