Celebrating Bowery: Radical Costume Parties As Queer Heterotopia in Brisbane
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This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Taylor, Madeline, Hickey, Anna, & Rohers, Remi (2020) Celebrating Bowery:Radical costume parties as queer heterotopia in Bris- bane. Studies in Costume and Performance, 5(1), pp. 85-100. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/203814/ c 2020 Intellect Ltd Visual Essay This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. https://doi.org/10.1386/scp_00015_1 Celebrating Bowery: radical costume parties as queer heterotopia in Brisbane Authors: Madeline Taylor - Queensland University of Technology / University of Melbourne Anna Hickey – The Australian College of the Remi Roehrs – Queensland University of Abstract This visual essay explores the creative practice of The Stitchery Collective, which uses costume as a strategy in their participatory works. Inspired by performance artist, queer icon and costume lover Leigh Bowery, The Stitchery Collective has created a The Bowery Party, a series of events encouraging radical dress up. These immersive occasions emphasise the significance of costume as enabling joy, community, and extravagant social performance. The essay discusses the importance of Bowery as a figure in designing the party in terms of the nature of participant responses, as his legacy provides a subversive approach to costuming the self. The analysis focuses on strategies for and the importance of making and holding space, both physical and virtual, for alternate visions of the body - an empowering ethic that celebrates diversity and inclusivity. The costumes created by the attending public are challenging, often both to wear and to social, gender and body norms. This essay offers a brief example of the costumes created by participants in direct response to Bowery as a radical, slippery and chaotic aesthetic target. Keywords: Leigh Bowery; queer heterotopia; party; participatory; costume; Figure 1: Bowery Haus 2018: Costume parade crowning. Photograph by Savannah Van Der Niet. Background to project and practitioners Since 2016 The Stitchery Collective, a Brisbane based design collective, has been creating a series of events inspired by Leigh Bowery. Bowery was an Australian performance artist whose international career (1982 – 1994) has continued to influence fashion, art, and culture. The three events held so far encourage radical dress up, inspired by Bowery’s creative practice and legacy. The events incorporate dancing, performances, posing, a costume parade and crownings for the best costumes [Figure 1]. The last two events were held as the flagship closing-night party for Melt: Festival of Queer Arts and Culture, Brisbane’s annual queer arts festival produced by the Brisbane Powerhouse. This programming further honours Bowery’s legacy in the queer community and forefronts the creativity and social importance of queer cultures of costume. To contextualise this essay and our creative practice, it is essential to introduce Leigh Bowery, who has been the subject of significant scholarship in this issue and elsewhere (Tilley 1997; Greer 2005; Karantonis 2015). Bowery was born in a conservative suburb of Sunshine in Melbourne in 1961. After permanently relocating to London aged 19 in 1980, he began selling his clothing designs at Kensington Markets and fashion boutiques, and designing costumes for others to wear both at club nights and for the Michael Clark dance company. As the decade progressed Bowery quickly became an influential figure in the New Romantic club subculture, with Elizabeth Wilson terming him the era’s “high priest” (2007: 103), hosting the nightclub Taboo, performing at clubs and festivals in London as well as touring Europe, New York, and Japan. He became “the primary wearer and performer of his designs” (Granata 2017: 55), and his work increasingly entered the art scene, performed in galleries and captured through studio portraiture, like that of Greer’s (2005). Photographs by Greer, shot across the 1980s and 1990s, provide valuable documentation of Bowery’s costumes1. Bowery’s costume-making, performance, and image-making practice that emerged over this period was to become a significant body of work that challenged and subverted both mainstream and avant-garde practices of fashion and clothing. Sadly Bowery passed away in 1994 at just 33 years of age due to AIDS-related illness, leaving behind a significant visual legacy that has been described as ‘brutal, visceral, gruesome, at best tasteless, at worst horrific’ (Bancroft 2012: 74). Healy reflects on Bowery’s practice, stating that: Bowery was not simply dressing up; it was his lifestyle and commentary on the mundane, a joke about appearance. His collections or ‘looks’ were based on himself manipulating his body with clothing and make-up. Working outside the comfort zone, he developed a clothing aesthetic that few would dare follow. Original, provocative, evolutionary; Bowery manipulated clothing to totally change one’s appearance, like a form of cosmetic surgery (2014). With the distance of several decades, critical conclusions can be drawn about Bowery’s body of work and its influence. For Bancroft (2012), Bowery’s work challenged and revealed the relationship between signifiers of dress and the construction of gender, further arguing that his creative practice was one of the first to reveal gender using the body. For Granata, the use of ‘taboo’ performance practices such as on-stage enemas and birth scenes evidences Bowery’s “interest in exploring the boundaries and limits of the body” to further unsettle audiences using strategies of inversion, debasement and degradation (2017: 61; 2016: 110). 1 A useful selection of Greer’s portraits of Bowery from 1988 to 1994, published by The Guardian in March 2019, can be found online here: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/gallery/2019/mar/06/leigh- bowery-most-outrageous-looks-in-pictures She goes on to argue that his experimentation with, and transformation of, his body, both during his more theatrical performances and with his highly artificial ‘daywear self’, emphasises the fluidity and performativity of gender constructions (2017: 70). This recalls Butler’s notion of ‘gender trouble’, whereby acts of ‘subversive confusion’ ([1990] 1999, 46) through dress and performance of identities work to socially undermine rigid understanding of identity as fixed, stable and categorical. Bowery’s prolific body of work presented many alternate visions of the body, which work to first, individually challenge specific aesthetic codes informed by notions of heternormative gender, good taste and the normative body, and second, en masse by destabilising the notion of singular, fixed identity. Looking specifically at his aesthetic strategies, several defining characteristics are common across Bowery’s work. These include masks or elements covering the face, distortion and manipulation of the body, incorporating every day and non-traditional objects, costumes that fully engulf and obscure the person, repetition of print from head to toe, playing with scale and an exaggeration of features (including clown-like makeup), all visible in Figure 1. More broadly his work engaged deeply with aspects of embodiment, using his costumes to incite discomfort for the wearer and viewer, embracing the terrifying, and repositioning the ugly as beautiful. These distinctive elements position Bowery’s aesthetic as one that can be reinterpreted and reimagined by audiences as they offer clear guidelines, but also endless possibilities. In high fashion, Bowery’s aesthetic influenced Vivienne Westwood and Jean-Paul Gaultier and was documented in influential magazines like i-D, The Face and Blitz during his lifetime (Granata 2017: 166; Healy 2014), and posthumously has been reinterpreted by designers including Alexander McQueen, Hussein Chalayan, and Rick Owens. In performance art practice, Bowery’s aesthetic can be seen in contemporary work such as that by Sydney performance duo The Huxleys. On a vernacular level, Bowery’s recognisable aesthetic offers distinct elements for dress-uppers to incorporate into their outfits, such as simple restagings of his iconic looks such as the stacked reading glasses, the melting candle on a bald head [Figure 13], or the exaggerated lips [Figures 1, 2, 5, 10, 12, 15 and 16]. The Stitchery Collective, founded in 2010, is a group of fashion, art and performance practitioners based in Brisbane, Australia. Our work draws on our diverse individual interests including installation, costume design and