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Preparation Study for Solomon Islands Rural

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Preparation Study for Solomon Islands Rural Public Disclosure Authorized PPrreeppaarraattiioonn SSttuuddyy ffoorr SSoolloommoonn IIssllaannddss RRuurraall DDeevveellooppmmeenntt PPrroojjeecctt ((PPHHRRDD GGrraanntt NNoo.. TTFF005566997722)) Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized APRIL 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized PPrreeppaarraattiioonn SSttuuddyy ffoorr SSoolloommoonn IIssllaannddss RRuurraall DDeevveellooppmmeenntt PPrroojjeecctt PPHHRRDD GGrraannttt NNoo... TTFF005566997722 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT April 2007 Report submitted by LANDELL MILLS LIMITED Alice Aruhe’eta POLLARD – Senior Sociologist Louisa FAKAIA - Sociologist This report was prepared at the request and with the financial support of the Solomon Island Government (SIG) and World Bank (WB). KEY DATA SHEET Name of Project: Preparation Study for Solomon Islands Rural Development Project Contractor: Landell Mills Limited, Bryer-Ash Business Park, Bradford Road, Trowbridge, Wiltshire, BA14 8HE, UK Tel: +44 1225 763777 Fax: +44 1225 753678 www.landell-mills.com Contracting Authority: Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination, Solomon Islands Government PHRD Grant Number: TF056972 Start/End Date 25.1.2007 / 8.6.2007 Budget: USD 370,000 Primary Location: Honiara Secondary Locations: Malaita, Temotu and Choiseul DISTRIBUTION LIST Recipient Copies* Format Jane Wa’etara, Deputy NAO; PS, 5 Hard copy (+ electronic) Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination Landell Mills HQ Office 1 Hard copy (+ electronic) * Additional electronic copies will be distributed upon request. QUALITY ASSURANCE STATEMENT Report Status Date Draft Social Impact Second submission 30 th April, Assessment 2007 Name Position Signature Date Prepared Alice Aruhe’eta Sociologist (with 28 th April, by: Pollard input from all 2007 team members, in particular Louisa Fakaia and Marion Ferguson) Reviewed Joanna Edghill Project Executive, 29 th April, by: LML 2007 Approved Jane Wa’etara Deputy NAO; PS, by: Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination Page 1 Preparation Study for Rural Development Project (PHRD Grant No. TF056972) / LML & SKM / April 2007 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to express their appreciation for the guidance and support provided by the Solomon Islands Government, Provincial Authorities and the Program Management Unit (PMU). Page 2 Preparation Study for Rural Development Project (PHRD Grant No. TF056972) / LML & SKM / April 2007 CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................................. 5 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................ 6 1.1 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF RDP....................................................................... 6 1.1.1 Potential Positive Impacts.................................................................................... 6 1.1.2 Potential Negative Impacts .................................................................................. 7 1.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................... 8 1.3 RESETTLEMENT POLICY ......................................................................................................... 8 2. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 9 2.1. CONTEXT, CULTURE AND HISTORY ...................................................................................... 9 3. METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................10 4. POPULATION...............................................................................................................11 4.1. NATIONAL POPULATION ....................................................................................................... 11 4.2. YOUTH POPULATION ............................................................................................................. 11 4.2.1. Ethnic Minorities .................................................................................................12 5. INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS ........................................................................................14 5.1. GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES ............................................................................................... 14 5.2. PROVINCIAL LEVEL................................................................................................................ 14 5.3. REGION AND WARD LEVEL STRUCTURES ......................................................................... 15 5.4. VILLAGE-LEVEL STRUCTURES ............................................................................................ 15 6. LEADERSHIP AND GOVERNANCE ANALYSIS .........................................................17 6.1. TRADITIONAL LEADERSHIP.................................................................................................. 17 6.2. CHURCH LEADERSHIP........................................................................................................... 18 6.3. POLITICAL LEADERSHIP ....................................................................................................... 18 7. LAND............................................................................................................................21 7.1. TRIBAL LAND ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................... 21 8. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS ........................................................................................22 8.1. STAKEHOLDER CATEGORIES .............................................................................................. 22 Page 3 Preparation Study for Rural Development Project (PHRD Grant No. TF056972) / LML & SKM / April 2007 8.2. IMPACT ON PROJECT-AFFECTED PERSONS (PAPS)........................................................ 23 9. GENDER ANALYSIS....................................................................................................25 9.1. GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR............................................................................................... 25 9.2. WORKLOAD ............................................................................................................................. 26 9.3. GENDER ACCESS AND CONTROL OVER RESOURCES AND SOCIAL SERVICES ......... 27 9.4. WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING............................................................. 28 9.5. WOMEN’S ORGANIZATIONS ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 28 10. DONOR SECTOR ANALYSIS...................................................................................30 10.1. MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAM AND UNDP PGSP..................................... 30 10.2. DONOR PROGRAMS AT COMMUNITY LEVEL ................................................................. 30 11. NGO SECTOR ANALYSIS........................................................................................32 12. ASSESSING THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMPACT...........................................................33 13. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................35 14. GENDER DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES................................................................36 14.1. OBJECTIVES........................................................................................................................ 36 14.2. STRATEGIES........................................................................................................................ 36 APPENDIX 1: NGOS AND PROJECTS/PROGRAMS – ROLES AND SCOPE OF OPERATION........................................................................................................................37 APPENDIX 2: RESETTLEMENT POLICY ...........................................................................40 APPENDIX 3: SOLOMON ISLANDS’ PROVINCES AND GENDER COMPOSITION..........44 REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................49 Page 4 Preparation Study for Rural Development Project (PHRD Grant No. TF056972) / LML & SKM / April 2007 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ARDS Agriculture and Rural Development Strategy ADB Asian Development Bank AusAID Australian Agency for International Development CCU Central Coordination Unit CAP Community Action Planning CSP Community Sector Program DALD The Department of Agriculture and Livestock Development EU European Union MOG Machinery of Government MP Member of Parliament MDPAC Ministry of Development Planning and Aid Coordination MEHRD Ministry of Education and Human Resource Development NTP National Transport Plan NGO Non-governmental Organization PAP Project Affected Person PAG Provincial Advisory Group PMU Project Management Unit PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit RCDF Rural Constituency Development Fund RDP Rural Development Project RTC Rural Training Center SIDT Solomon Islands Development Trust SINCW Solomon Islands National Council of Women VBMS Vois Blong Mere Solomons WDD Women’s Development Division WB World Bank YWCA Young Women’s Christian Association Page 5 Preparation Study for Rural Development Project (PHRD Grant No. TF056972) / LML & SKM / April 2007 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Social Impact Assessment analyzes critical issues that are important for the design of the Rural Development Project (RDP).
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