Index

A aestheticization, 1, 150, 156, 170, Abbott, Berenice, 20 171, 201 Académie des Beaux-Arts (French aesthetics Academy of Fine Arts), 11 Buena Vista aesthetic, 7, 150, 153, Académie des sciences (French 155, 173, 195. See also Buena Academy of Sciences), 11 Vista Social Club (flm) Academy Awards, 153, 162 geographical aesthetics, 1 advertising “post-Special Period” aesthetic, 3, 6, alcohol, 118, 119 86, 90, 108, 117, 140, 150 brand image, 117, 120–126, 129, “post-Castro ” aesthetic, 203, 204 132, 133, 139. See also iconic pre-revolutionary Cuba, 150, 172, branding 173, 186 “city-of-origin” effect, 121, 132 “Special Period” aesthetic, 3, 7, 84, “country-of-origin” effect, 120– 109, 161, 184, 186, 201 121, 123 Afro-Cuban Club, 6, 117–129, 131– photography, representation in, 24, 134, 136, 139–142, 144. See 25, 29–32, 98, 99, 102–104 also Havana Club AfroCubism (project), 151 Havana in, 5, 7, 31, 124, 134, 142 AfroCubism (recording), 151 travel advertisements, 15, 24, 39, “afterimage” (theory), 7, 150, 156, 125–127, 129, 130 173, 185. See also Bruno, Giuliana advertising discourse, 6, 122, 126–128, Air Supply, 184 130, 133, 134, 141, 142, 144 A Lady without Passport, 71 advertising image, 5–7, 118, 119, 122, Álvarez Bravo, Manuel, 103, 104 125–134, 136–142, 146 Antonioni, Michelangelo

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 211 J. C. Kent, Aesthetics and the Revolutionary City, Studies of the Americas, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64030-3 212 Index

Blow-up, 92 production of photobooks, 83, 106 Arechabala, Don José, 119, 120. See Steidl, relationship with publisher, also Havana Club 93, 94 “Arias” Miranda, Constantino reportage, 43, 44, 51, 94 Cuba in the 1940s and 1950s, pho- visits to Havana, 88, 95 tography of, 12, 13 “white out” technique, 100 Aroch, Guy (photographer), 124, 128, Balász, Béla, 158 129, 134, 135, 137, 138, 140, ballerinas 144. See also Havana Club in advertising image, 137 Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular in (flm), (the Cuban parliament), 188 166 Atget, Eugène, 20–22, 37 in “post-Special Period” photogra- Atget: photographe de Paris, 20 phy, 140 Walker Evans, infuence on, 20, 22, 37 ballet, 125, 137, 139, 140, 166 Audioslave, 184 Ballet Nacional de Cuba (Cuban Avedon, Richard, 100 National Ballet), 139 Banksy, 91 barbudos (bearded ones), 44, 53, 198. B See also rebel Babalú-Ayé. See San Lázaro (Saint bars, 3, 23, 101, 119, 202 Lazarus) Barthuel, Antoine, 124. See also ‘Baby Elián’, 188. See also Manic Havana Club Street Preachers Baskett, James, 162 Bacardi, 119, 124, 125, 131 Batista, Fulgencio, 44, 66. See also Bacardi Bill, the, 120 Habana Batistiana, La Bacardí Massó, Don Facundo, 119. See Battisti, Don Amleto, 54 also Bacardi Baudelaire, Charles Bacardisation, 123 Walker Evans, infuence on, 19, 20 Bailey, David Bayamo, 55 fashion photography, 86, 92 Beals, Carleton iconic style, 100 Banana Gold, 21 infuences, 93, 102 Brimstone and Chili, 21 photobooks; Another Image: Papua The Crime of Cuba, 13, 18, 21, 36, 39 New Guinea, 99–100, 111; Beaton, Cecil, 100 Bailey NW1, 91, 96, 106; Benjamin, Walter Bailey’s Box of Pin Ups, 91, 100; The Arcades Project, 26 Bailey’s Delhi Dilemma, 91; Paris Diary, 73 Bailey’s East End, 91; Bailey’s Bertrand, Alexandre, 124, 125. See also Naga Hills, 91, 93; Democracy, Havana Club 91; Havana, 6, 44, 83, 85, 91, Big Boodle, The, 71 95; Tears and Tears, 91 Biltmore Yacht Club, 15 portraiture, 6, 86, 91, 92, 94, 99, Black Star (photo agency), 55, 58. See 100, 102 also Lee Lockwood Index 213

“Black Trinity, the”, 92. See also Bailey, “little portraits” of Buena Vista David; Donovan, Terence; Duffy, musicians, 164 Brian tourist Havana, representation of, Blackwood, 187 173 Blez Marcé, Joaquín, 12 Digital Betacam, use of,, 156 bloqueo, el (US embargo against Digital Video, use of, 155, 156 Cuba), 202. See also United States Steadicam, use of, 150, 164–166 Bohemia, 29, 30. See also Cuban voice-over, use of, 161, 166, 194 magazines visual qualities of footage in, 134 Bonnie and Clyde, 61 Buena Vista Social Club (the project), Bosch, José “Pepin”, 119 84, 150–152, 154 Bradfeld, James Dean, 184, 185, 198. Buena Vista Social Club (recording) See also album artwork, 187 brand image, 117, 120, 122–126, ‘Chan Chan’, 160 129, 132, 133. See also advertising ‘Dos gardenias’, 160 branding, 118, 120–122, 132. See also ‘El cuarto de Tula’, 160 advertising success of, 149 Brassaï, George Paris de nuit (Paris by Night), 18 Bremer, Bjoern, 124. See also Havana C Club Caballero, Rufo, 171, 177 Brooklyn Bridge, 21 Cabrera Infante, Guillermo, 16, 29, Bruno, Giuliana 35, 36, 39, 61, 62, 68, 75, 77 “afterimage” (theory), 150 “Cachaíto”, Orlando López, 152. See “voyageur”, notion of viewer as, also Buena Vista Social Club 151 Calle 13, 184 Buena Vista aesthetic, 7, 150, 153, Calle Agramonte, 59 155, 195 Callejón de Hamel, 104. See also Buena Vista-Havana, 88, 118, 128, Santería 149 Camagüey, 55 Buena Vista Social Club, 7, 84, 90, camellos, 138, 155. See also transport 139, 149, 150, 152, 155, 159, Camp Columbia, 54 164, 170, 173 Cañas, Iván, 48 Buena Vista Social Club (flm), 7, Capa, Cornell, 52, 54, 74. See also 90, 149, 151–154, 156. See also Magnum Photos Wenders, Wim Capa, Robert, 45, 52, 74. See also box offce success, 143. See also Magnum Photos afterimage Caravana de la libertad (the Caravan “characters”, Buena Vista musicians of Freedom), 44, 55. See also as, 156, 163 Cuban Revolution Buena Vista phenomenon, 149 Carnegie Hall, 155, 166, 170. See also Buena Vista’s “afterimage”, 7, 150 Buena Vista Social Club (flm) critical reception of, 143, 170–173 Carpentier, Alejo, 29, 39 214 Index

La ciudad de las columnas (The City Chico & Rita, 67 of Columns), 39 Ciego de Ávila, 55 cars, 3, 55, 83, 87, 88, 94, 95, 130, Cienfuegos, Camilo, 55, 61 133–136, 142, 153, 155, 161, cigars, 117, 121–123, 167, 168, 195, 170, 171, 195. See also transport 205 American cars as symbolic referents, Cine Apolo, 24 94–95, 133, 155, 161 cinema. See flm máquinas, 134, 169, 195 cinéma vérité (truthful cinema), 100, Moskvitch (Soviet era automobile 167, 199, 206 brand), 189 cities. See city 1950s American-made automobiles, city 108, 134, 154 the image of, 2, 3, 7, 8, 32, 64, photography of, 87, 88, 95, 134, 149, 150, 154, 165, 174, 185, 136, 153 203, 204 Cartier-Bresson, Henri, 12, 18, 34, Club Fotográfco de Cuba 45, 52, 71, 72, 93, 103, 104. See (Photographic Club of Cuba), 12 also Magnum Photos Coca-Cola, 30 Cuba, trips to, 12 cocktails, 117, 119, 122, 142 Magnum Photos, infuence at, 45, Coliseo de la Ciudad Deportiva 51, 52 (Sports City Coliseum), 183 casas particulares, 202 Collège de la Guild, Paris, 20 casinos, 62 Communism, 3, 206 Castro, Fidel, 3, 44–46, 53, 55, 56, Communist Party of Cuba, 15, 112, 61, 63, 67, 70, 72, 75, 77, 83, 203 107, 108, 113, 118, 158, 175, Conjunto Folklórico Nacional de 184, 185, 194, 198, 199–201, Cuba, 94–95 203, 205. See also Cuban Cooder, Joachim, 152, 160, 161, 163, Revolution; Rebel Army 172. See also Buena Vista Social death, 70, 107, 203 Club Castro, Raúl, 202, 203 Cooder, Ry, 151, 152, 155, 160, 169, Catedral de San Cristóbal de La 171. See also Buena Vista Social Habana (), 24 Club Cementerio de Cristóbal Colón (the Coppola, Francis Ford Colón Cemetery), 104, 105 The Godfather: Part II, 54, 62 Centro Asturiano (Asturian Centre), Corleone, Michael, 62 56 Corporación Cuba Ron (Cuba Rum (Central Havana), Corporation), 120. See also 17, 28, 104, 118, 134, 136, 160, Havana Club 162, 170, 192, 194 Corrales, Raúl, 49, 72 Cézanne, Paul, 158 Cortázar, Julio ‘Chan Chan’, 160. See also Buena Vista Blow-up and Other Stories, 92 Social Club Crane, Hart Index 215

The Bridge, 21 “post-Special Period” aesthetic, 3, 6, Criterion Collection, 172, 178 90, 108, 140, 150 Cuba “Special period” aesthetic, 3, 7, 84, appeal of, 13, 86, 97, 119, 120, 161, 184, 186, 201 122, 123, 154, 192 worst years of the Cuban “Special pleasure island, notion of Cuba as, Period” (1991-1994), 83, 96, 2, 8, 15, 16, 35, 49, 119, 143 105, 108, 120 the idea of, 2, 22, 119, 177, 186, cuentapropistas, 202 198, 203 US imaginaries of Cuba, 1–2. See also United States D Cuba Internacional, 48, 72 Daguerre, Louis-Jacques-Mandé, 11, Cuba Libre (cocktail), 119 12. See also photography Cubana (magazine), 48, 72 daguerreotype Cubanidad, 118, 121, 169 Havana, arrival of process in, 5 Cuban magazines, 29, 48, 72, 171 Daiquiri (cocktail), 119 Cuban Missile Crisis, 34, 71, 158. See dandy, 28, 29, 39, 98, 99, 159 also Cuban Revolution Danza de los Millones (Dance of the Cuban National Circus, 95 Millions), 15 Cuban newspapers, 15, 43, 48, 102, de Arteaga, Esteban, 11 197 Debord, Guy, 18 Cuban Revolution de Certeau, Michel foreign press, 45, 48 Culture in the Plural, 126, 144 Rebel Army’s failed attack on the The Practice of Everyday Life, 176 Moncada Barracks, 70 de la Carrera, José Gómez, 12 representation in; animated flm, 43, de la Hoz, Pedro, 171, 177 67; fction flm, 166; foreign de la Uz, Enrique, 48 press, 45, 48; picture magazines de Oca, Edmundo Montes, 197, 207 at the end of the 1950s, 43; dérive (drift), 18, 24 video games, 43, 70 Desnoes, Edmundo triumph of the Cuban Revolution on Cuba and revolution, 49 (January 1959), 43–44, 70, on Walker Evans, 16 119 détournement (rerouting), 18, 24 Cuban War of Independence, 11, 12 Díaz-Canel, Miguel, 203 Cuban “Special Period” Digital Betacam, 155, 156 collapse of communism in Eastern Digital Video, 150, 155, 156, 161, Europe, 3 186 fall of the Berlin Wall, 83, 154 Dillinger, Jr., John Herbert, 61 Cuban society, impact on, 15 documentary flm photography of. See photography cinéma vérité (truthful cinema). See post-1989 economic crisis, 96, 138 cinéma vérité (truthful cinema) 216 Index

concert flm, 199 El Mundo, 29 direct cinema, 189, 190 El País, 28 documentary modes, 150, 185, Errando, Tony 186. See also Nichols, Bill Chico & Rita, 67 music documentary flm, 7, 184, Erwitt, Elliot, 45, 71 185, 189–191, 199 Evans, Ernestine, 21, 31, 32, 39 post-1990s boom, 190 Evans, Walker rockumentary, 206, 207 “American photographs” exhibition, Dogme 95, 161 14, 28, 32, 37 Dominican Republic, 54, 62 “counter-esthetic”, 20, 24, 32 Donovan, Terence, 92. See also “Black camera equipment, 198 Trinity, the” Cuban photographs (1933); Bar ‘Dos gardenias’, 160. See also Buena Scene, Havana, 23; Bartender, Vista Social Club Havana, 23; Breadline, Douglas DC-4, 54 22; Butcher Shop, 22; Café dream, 5, 49, 50, 133, 134, 151, Superior, 17; Cinema, 22, 100, 157, 166, 168, 170, 194. See also 167; Citizen in Downtown Havanascape Havana, infuence of image on in advertising discourse, 133, 134 other photographers, 25, 34, of revolution, 5 38, 98; Citizen in Downtown dreamscape, pre-Revoutionary Havana, interpretation of, Havana as, 16 28; Coal Dock Worker, 28, “dream-work”, 134. See also Freud, 101; Family, 22; , Sigmund Outskirts of Havana, 17; Duffy, Brian, 92. See also “Black Havana Citizen. See Citizen in Trinity, the” Downtown Havana; Havana Policeman, 28; Havana Street, 22; Lottery-Ticket Vendors, E 22; Men and Woman on Street Eastman, Michael Corner, Havana, 24; Mirror, Havana, 90 26; Moving Truck and Bureau EGREM recording studios, 160, 161, Mirror, 26; Newsboys, 22; 167 Parque Central I, 22; Parque Eisenstein, Sergei Central II, 22; Patio, 22; Battleship Potemkin, 63 Public Spectacle, 22; Stevedore, “Odessa Steps” sequence, 63 14, 22, 101; Street Corner, 22, Elbow, 184 24; Street Scene with Barber ‘El cuarto de tula’, 160. See also Buena Shop on Corner, Havana, 17; Vista Social Club Woman, Public Square, 22; El Fígaro, 12 Woman Standing on Street, El , 23 Havana, 18, 24, 25, 38 Index 217

exhibitions, 14, 34 153, 155, 158–160, 166, 171– Eugène Atget, infuence of, 20, 37. 173. See also documentary flm See also Atget, Eugène rebel, representation in flm, 62 literary infuences, 21 flm formats, 131, 186, 192, 197, 201. photobooks; American Photographs, See also Kodak 14, 28, 37; Walker Evans: 16 mm, 186, 198, 199 Havana 1933, 16, 17, 26, 33, Digital Video, 150, 155, 161 34 Ektachrome, 131 “American City”, photographing Kodachrome, 131 the, 32 Super 8, 186, 192, 194–196, 198 self-portraiture, 27 flm noir, 33, 98, 167 Paris, time spent in, 20 Firbank, Ronald Cuba, trip to, 17, 37, 54 “Cuna Cuna”, imaginary city of, 31 mirrors, use of, 26, 27 Sorrow in Sunlight, 31 Walker Evans Archive, 13, 36, 37 fâner, 19. See also fâneur exoticization fâneur, 5, 13, 14, 18, 19, 24, 25, 30, of Cuban subjects, 12 31, 36, 160 of Havana, 89 fgure of, 5, 13, 14, 18, 19, 160 faneurie, 19 fâneuse, 25 F Flaubert, Gustave Facebook, 141, 204. See also social Walker Evans, infuence on, 20 media platforms Foucault, Michel, 27, 38 Falklands War, 187 ‘’, 200. See also Manic Farm Security Administration (FSA), Street Preachers 13 ‘Freedom of Speech Won’t Feed My fashion, 29, 61, 68, 86, 91–96, 100, Children’, 188. See also Manic 124, 164, 194 Street Preachers fashion photography, 86, 92, 100, 140 Freed Unit, the, 162 Fassbinder, Rainer Werner, 171 French, John, 92 Federación Estudiantíl Universitaria Freud, Sigmund, 134 (FEU), 63 Funcasta Boizán, Generoso, 12 Fernández, Ernesto, 55, 72 Fundación Havana Club (Havana Fernández de Castro, Jorge, 23 Club Foundation), 120. See also Fernández de Castro, José Antonio, 23 Havana Club Ferrer, Ibrahim, 152, 153, 161, 162, 168–170. See also Buena Vista Social Club G Figueroa, José Alberto, 48 gambling, 46, 47, 55, 60, 62, 119 flm, 2, 5, 7, 16, 25, 44, 54, 62, 84, Giraldilla, La, 140 90, 95, 100, 125, 141, 149–151, geographical aesthetics, 1, 8 218 Index

Glinn, Burt, 5, 6, 43–46, 50–61, 63– Habana Libre, 63, 76, 172, 192, 193 71, 73–75, 77. See also Magnum Habana Vieja (the Havana Old Town), Photos 11, 16, 17, 23, 88, 94, 97, 103, “anti-iconic” photographs of the 118, 120, 192. See also Havana; revolutionary moment, 6, 44, tourism 60 preservation, 96 failed trip to photograph Fidel restoration, 96 Castro and Rebel Army in tourist centres, 120, 192 Sierra Maestra, 44 UNESCO World Heritage Site, infuences; Henri Cartier-Bresson, designation as, 97 45; peers at Magnum Photos, Hain, Peter (MP), 188, 206. See also 46 Manic Street Preachers “on-the-ground” style, 46, 57, 59 Hall, Stuart, 27, 38, 128, 145, 146 photobooks; Cuba 1959, 46; “encoding/decoding” theory, 128 Havana: The Revolutionary on representation, 27 Moment, 46 Halsey, George W., 11 photographic style, 44 Hannifn, Jerry, 55 Godard, Jean-Luc Harley-Davidson, 123 À bout de souffe (Breathless), 100 Harrison, Martin, 96, 106, 110–112. Godfather: Part II, The, 54, 62 See also David Bailey Gold, Nick, 151, 152. See also Buena Harvey, David (geographer), 4, 8, 50, Vista Social Club 73 González, Juan de Marcos, 151, 171. Harvey, David Alan (photographer) See also Buena Vista Social Club Cuba: Island at a Crossroad, 87 González, Rubén, 139, 152, 164, 165. Havana See also Buena Vista Social Club 1950s, 2–3, 5, 14, 33, 43, 46, 53, Greene, Graham, 3, 47, 53, 54, 72, 65, 71, 103, 196 86, 102, 103, 112, 153, 186 aesthetics, 1, 4, 5. See also aesthetics Our Man in Havana, 47, 54, 86, as “fantasyland”, 87 102, 186 as synecdoche for Cuba, 2, 8, 84, 201 “vicious city”, description of, 47 as tourist destination, 47 Guevara, Che, 3, 84, 99, 158, 193 “frozen-in-time” metaphor, 3, 137, Guinness, 130 140, 150, 155, 159, 167, 168, 170, 173, 186, 194, 196, 201 Havanascape, 186, 191–196, 201. H See also dream Habana Batistiana, La, 66 image of the city, the, 32 Habana Hilton, 6, 44, 63–66, 69, 76, imaginaries of, 6, 16, 28, 30, 32, 172. See also Habana Libre 33, 46, 60, 62, 84, 96 Burt Glinn’s photographs of, 69. See in advertising, 119 also Glinn, Burt in documentary flm, 163 rebels’ occupation of, 62, 64 in photography, 26, 52, 87, 107 Index 219

in the “Special Period”. See Cuban Holguín, 55 “Special Period” Hopper, Edward landmarks, 5, 14, 15, 24, 95, 133, Approaching a City, 167 142, 185, 192 Hotel Ambos Mundos, 23 pre-revolutionary Havana, 5, 13, , 55 14, 16, 32, 60, 89, 127, 168, , 55 194 , 67, 68 revolutionary city, 2, 3, 43, 49, 60, Hotel Nacional, 15, 54, 55, 95, 192, 67 193 “theme park”, notion of the city as, hotels, 14, 15, 46, 64, 65, 76, 88, 95, 87, 96 172, 192, 202 Havana Club Hotel Santa Isabel, 95, 97 7 Days in Havana (7 días en La Habana), 124, 125 advertising; advertising images, 5, I 132; video shorts, 117, 125, iconic branding, 6, 118, 120, 121, 131, 137; “Nothing Compares 130, 132, 133, 141. See also to Havana” campaign, 117, advertising 118 Inés de Bobadilla, 140. See also founding of “La Vizcaya”, 118 Giraldilla, La Havana Cultura, 124, 141 Instagram, 107, 141, 142, 204. See slogans, 130 also social media platforms “Nothing Compares to Havana” use in advertising, 141. See also campaign, 6, 118, 121, 122, Havana Club 124–128, 130, 132, 134, 137, Institut de France (The French 142 Institute), 11 Havana Club International S.A. See Instituto Cubano de la Música (the “Havana Club” Cuban Institute of Music), 183, Havana Country Club, 15 197 Havanascape, 186, 191–196, 201. See iPhoneography, 106, 131 also Havana Havanizacion, 123 Hemingway, Ernest J time spent with Walker Evans in J.B. Lippincott (publisher), 21, 36 1933, 16 Jack Daniel’s whisky To Have and Have Not, 16, 23, 47 advertisements, 132 US imaginaries of Cuba, infuence James, Henry, 19 on, 3, 16, 47, 153 José Martí International Airport, 192 Henriques, Bob, 55, 56 Jour de France (magazine), 55 Hernández, Rafael, 76, 129, 145, 153, Joyce, James, 19 174, 207 Juanes, 184 Herzog, Werner, 157, 171, 175 Juventud Rebelde, 102, 197, 207 220 Index

K Life magazine, 34, 45, 51, 52, 56, 71, Kalatozov, Mikhail, 76, 86 72, 92 Soy Cuba (I am Cuba), 63 Lockwood, Lee, 50, 55, 58, 72, 75. Khrushchev, Nikita, 52 See also Black Star (photo agency) “Kid Chocolate”, Eligio Sardinas, 28 López Ortiz, Fernando, 12 King Feisal II of Iraq, 53 Lorca, Federico García Kirstein, Lincoln, 30, 37, 39 Poeta en Nueva York (Poet in New Photographs of America: Walker York), 16 Evans, 20, 28 Los Tigres, 58, 59, 75 Kodak —Manic Street Ektachrome, 131 Preachers: Live in Cuba, 7, Kodachrome, 131 184, 199. See also Manic Street Super 8, 186, 192, 194–196, 198 Preachers Kodakization, 97 lucha, la, 102, 138, 169 Korbel, Mario Alma Mater (statue), 63 “Korda”, Alberto Díaz Gutiérrez, 49, M 158 M&C Saatchi, 122, 123, 125, 129, Korine, Harmony, 124, 137. See also 144. See also Havana Club Havana Club Machado, Gerardo, 15, 21, 29 Kracauer, Siegfried, 29, mafa, 54, 55, 62, 75 38, 39 Magnum Photos, 5, 43, 45, 46, 51, Theory of Film, 24 52, 54, 56, 61, 66, 68, 70. See also Glinn, Burt Major Lazer L Give Me Future: Major Lazer in Las Tunas, 55 Cuba, 184 Leal Spengler, Eusebio, 88, 96 Malecón, 24, 54, 61, 67, 95, 96, 105, Le Carré theatre, 155, 159, 160. See 118, 125, 127, 128, 130, 134, also Buena Vista Social Club 136, 159, 160, 192–194 Lefebvre, Henri, 50, 51, 59, 60, 65, Manet, Édouard 73, 75, 76, 163, 176, 177 A Bar at the Folies-Bergère, 27 Leica, 21, 22, 54, 92 Manhattan, 19, 53, 155. See also New Les Deux Magots, 20. See also Walker York City Evans Manic Street Preachers Les Halles, 18. See also Brassaï, George ‘Baby Elián’, 188 Lester, Richard, 100 concert at Teatro Karl Marx, A Hard Day’s Night, 112 Havana, 184, 196 Cuba, 62 Cuba, appeal of, 97, 154, 192 ‘’, 188. See also Teatro Karl Marx, concert at, 7, Manic Street Preachers 184, 188, 196 Lewis, Joseph H. ‘Freedom of Speech Won’t Feed My A Lady without Passport, 71 Children’, 188 Index 221

Know Your Enemy, 188, 200 mini-DV cameras. See Digital Video Louder Than War—Manic Street Ministerio de Cultura de la República Preachers: Live in Cuba, 7, 184, de Cuba, 183 199 Ministerio del Interior de la República ‘Let Robeson Sing’, 188 de Cuba (the Cuban Ministry of ‘Masses Against The Classes, The’, Culture), 193 188 (cocktail), 119 media coverage of Cuba trip, 200 Montiel, Anselmo, 197 meetings with , 185, Moore, Sean, 90, 184. See also 199, 200 Manic185 Street Preachers Our Manics in Havana, 7, 184– Morty Sills (tailor), 53 186, 190–195, 201 Movimiento 26 de Julio (M-26-7), 44 political ideology, 187 Museo de la Revolución (Museum of political motivation, 186, 198 the Revolution), 65, 95, 99 ‘’, 200 Museo del Ron Havana Club (the Mantanzas, 17, 55, 118 Havana Club Rum Museum), Manu Chao, 184 120. See also Havana Club Manzana de Gómez, 55, 59 Museum of Modern Art, 14, 20, 28, Manzano, Yasek, 198 37 Mariscal, Javier music, 2, 15, 117, 121, 122, 151, Chico & Rita, 67 152, 154, 157, 162, 165, 170, Martí, José, 44, 67–69, 84 171, 186, 187, 189, 197, 199, memorial in Plaza de la Revolución, 200, 205. See also son cubano 189, 192, 193 music documentary flm. See statue in Parque Central, 6, 24 documentary Martí, Nestor, 33, 90 music flm, 7, 184, 190, 191, 201. See “Marucha”, María Eugenia Haya, 48 also documentary ‘Masses Against The Classes, The’, fairy-tale musicals, 162 188. See also Manic Street Myers, David, 199. See also documen- Preachers tary flm “Mayito”, Mario García Joya, 48 Woodstock, 199 McCullin, Don, 57 myth, 121, 137, 139, 140 McDermott, Ross, 34 mythical city, 6, 118, 121, 125 Return to Cuba: In the Footsteps of mythologization, 90, 118, 122, 142, Walker Evans, 13 191. See also Havana Medem, Julio, 125. See also 7 Days in of musicians, 191 Havana of Havana, 90, 118, 122, 142 Meiselas, Susan, 57 Metropolitan Museum of Art, 13, 34, 36, 38, 39 N Meyerowitz, Joel, 57, 75 National Geographic, 87, 93, 131 MINI, 123 Newsweek, 45 222 Index

New York City, 13, 14, 19–21, 28, 44, Palacio de Convenciones (PALCO), 49, 53, 67, 155, 171 188 New York Public Library, 19 Palacio de los Capitanes Generales New York Times, The, 53, 96, 172 (Palace of the Governors), 11 Nichols, Bill Palacio Presidencial (Presidential documentary modes; observational Palace), 54, 62, 65, 67 modes, 150; performative paladares, 202 mode, 150, 167; poetic mode, Palm Beach suit, 31 192, 197 panama hat, 31, 127 Nikon, 56, 95 Parkinson, Norman, 92 Noé, Gaspar, 125. See also 7 Days in Parque Central, 6, 24, 54, 58, 67–69 Havana Burt Glinn’s photographs of, 5, 45, nostalgia, 6, 88, 89, 98, 118, 126, 56, 68, 69 132, 135, 136 Paseo del Prado, 24, 54, 139, 165 Nouvelle Vague, La (the French New Pearl of San Francisco Café, The, 23 Wave), 100 Peláez, Amelia, 65 Pernod Ricard, 120, 143 photobooks O Cuba- and Havana-oriented photo- Obama, Barack (US President), 107, books, 6, 34, 83–85, 106 183, 202. See also United States David Bailey photobooks. See Bailey, 2016 visit to Cuba, 107 David Ochoa, Eliades, 152, 166, 167. See Latin American photobooks, 15, 55, also Buena Vista Social Club 83–87, 109 Ogilvy, David, 126, 132, 144, 145 photography, 2, 5, 6, 11–14, 17, 18, , 11, 88, 96–98, 118, 192. 20, 21, 25–29, 33, 34, 36–38, See also Habana Vieja 44–46, 48, 49, 51, 52, 57, 58, 70– orishas, 104 72, 74, 84, 86–92, 96, 100, 103, Orquesta Buena Vista Social Club, 153 105–109, 112, 113, 118, 124, Ostalgie, 189, 206. See also Soviet chic 140, 141, 145, 153, 192, 204 Otherness, 102, 123, 127, 129, 155, Cuba, birth of photography in, 5, 159, 161, 169, 195, 196, 201 38, 108 Our Manics in Havana, 7, 184–186, fashion photography, 86, 92, 100, 191–195, 200, 201, 205. See also 140 Manic Street Preachers in advertising, 7, 131, 134, 139, Ozu, Yasujiro, 157 142, 204 and the Cuban Revolution, 33, 34, 45, 48, 70, 74 P photojournalism, 6, 45, 47, 51, 52, Padura, Leonardo, 47, 72, 109, 173 57, 58 “ciudad coqueta, una”, description portraiture, 6, 86, 91, 92, 94, 99, of Havana as, 47 100, 102 Index 223

reportage, 43–45, 51, 52, 94 R and the “Special Period”, 6, 33, 87 Radio Progreso, 196 street photography, 37, 57, 58, 75 Ray-Ban, 123 photojournalism, 6, 45, 47, 51, 52, Real Colegio de Conocimientos 57, 58. See also photography Útiles (Royal College of Useful Cuban photojournalists, 55 Knowledge), 11 “frst generation” of Cuban pho- rebel, 3, 43, 44, 48, 50, 51, 58–62, tographers, 48 64–67, 73, 75, 205 “golden age” of photojournalism, Rebel Army, 43–45, 53, 55, 56, 58, 47, 122 60, 63–65, 67, 69, 70, 77, 194, in Latin America, 45, 47, 55 198 Picasso, Pablo, 93 rebellion, 3, 49–51, 59, 60, 69 Pillegi, Nick, 53 resolviendo and solucionando narrative, Pinar del Río, 55 121, 127, 129, 139 Piniella, Germán, 171, 177 revolution, 3, 5, 7, 8, 21, 22, 33, 34, Plan Maestro (para la Revitilización 43–46, 48–55, 57, 61–63, 65, 67, Integral de la Habana Vieja) 69, 70, 72–75, 77, 89, 93, 95, (Master Plan for the Integrated 108–110, 119, 120, 122, 135, Revitalization of Old Havana), 96 136, 143, 154, 158, 159, 165, Platt Amendment, the (1901), 15, 35 170, 175, 183, 184, 188, 192, Plaza de Armas, 11 198. See also Cuban Revolution Plaza de la Revolución, 189, 192, 193 revolutionary city, 3–5, 43, 46, 49, 60, Plaza del Vapor, 24 67, 88, 98. See also Havana , 55, 67 Robeson, Paul, 188 Poe, Edgar Allen, 18, 39 rockumentary, 189, 206 “The Man of the Crowd”, 31 Rodger, George, 52. See also Magnum Polidori, Robert, 110, 136 Photos Havana, 90 Rodin, Auguste, 30 Pollack, Sydney, 62 Le Penseur, 30 Havana, 62 Rodríguez, Arsenio, 166 Porra, la, 29 Rolleifex, 92, 95 Portuondo, Omara, 152, 161–163. See Rolling Stones, The, 183, 184, 205 also Buena Vista Social Club Havana, concert in, 187 “post-Castro Cuba” aesthetic, 203, The Rolling Stones: Havana Moon, 204 184 “post-Special Period” aesthetic, 3, 6, Romero, Rigoberto, 48 86, 90, 108, 140, 150 Rouch, Jean, 163, 164, 176 psychogeography, 14, 17, 18, Moi, un noir, 163 36, 39 ruin “Puntillita”, Manuel Licea, 152, 167. foreigner’s fascination with Havana’s See also Buena Vista Social Club ruin, 87, 172, 203 224 Index

Havana as “living ruin”, 154 Segundo, Compay, 151, 159, 168, representation in documentary flm, 169, 176. See also Buena Vista 5, 7, 84, 88, 90, 149, 150, Social Club 152, 153, 161, 163, 173, 184, Sepultura, 184 185, 189, 195, 204 Servicio de Inteligencia Militar (SIM) representation in “post-Special (Military Intelligence Service), Period” photography, 87, 94, 44, 70 102, 104, 105, 117, 118, 133, 7 Days in Havana (7 días en La 136, 173 Habana), 124, 125. See also rum Havana Club in advertising, 6, 117–119, 121– Sevilla-Biltmore, 15, 54, 55 123, 132, 133 Seymour, David “Chim”, 52, 74. See rum industry in Caribbean, 119 also Magnum Photos rum industry in Cuba, 117, 119, Siegel, Don 120, 123 Baby Face Nelson, 62 Sierra Maestra (mountain range), 48, 53, 72 S Simply Red, 184 Saatchi & Saatchi, 123. See also M&C Singin’ in the Rain, 162 Saatchi Sirhowy Valley, 187 Charles Saatchi, 123 Situationist International, 18, 35 Maurice Saatchi, 123 Situationists, The, 18 M&C Saatchi.GAD, 122, 129, 135, Sloppy Joe’s (bar), 23, 119 138, 142, 143. See also Havana social media platforms, 107, 204. See Club also Facebook; Instagram; and Saint-Germain-des-Prés (region of YouTube Paris), 20. See also Walker Evans son cubano, 117. See also music Salas, Osvaldo, 55, 72 Song of the South, 162 Salas, Roberto, 55 Sontag, Susan, 51, 59, 60, 73, 75 Samot, Patrick, 124. See also Havana Soviet chic, 189 Club Soviet era Havana, 3, 196 Sancti Spíritus, 55 Soviet Union (former USSR), 3, 52, San Lázaro (Saint Lazarus), 104, 169 83, 119, 154, 189 Sans Souci, 55 ‘So Why So Sad’, 200. See also Manic Santa Clara, 55 Street Preachers Santería, 104, 112 space, 1, 4, 7, 19, 24–28, 50, 51, Santiago de Cuba, 55, 119, 59, 60, 62, 65, 66, 69, 87–92, 166, 203 96–100, 104–107, 118, 124, Santo Domingo (Dominican 128, 134, 137, 150, 151, 156, Republic), 62 157, 165, 167, 168, 185, 186, Scorsese, Martin 188, 190–192, 194, 196, 197, The Last Waltz, 199 202, 204 Index 225 spatial fantasies, 5, 50, 69, 99, 122, tourist photography, 84 186, 189, 194, 196 tourist symbols, 128, 192 “Special Period”. See Cuban “Special tourist zones, 88, 95 Period” Traffcante Jr., Santo, 54. See also mafa Steadicam, 150, 151, 156, 164–167. transport See also flm formats camellos, 138, 155 straw boater, 28, 39 during “Special Period”, 129, 138, Super 8, 186, 192, 194–196, 198, 186 207. See also flm formats máquinas, 135, 169, 195 1950s vintage automobiles, 134. See also cars T use of bicycles in Havana, 125, Tabío Palma, José, 13, 71 128–130, 140 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr IIyich, 139. See also Trueba, Fernando ballet Chico & Rita, 67 Swan Lake, 139 Trump, Donald (US President), 107, Teatro Blanquita, 188 202 Teatro Charles Chaplin, 188 Turner, J.M.W., 93 Teatro Karl Marx, 7, 184, 188, 189, Tynan, Kenneth 192, 196 “A Visit to Havana”, 45, 64, 76 Teatro Nacional, 24 Téllez Girón, Pedro, 11 Téllez Girón y Alfonso Pimentel, U Pedro de Alcántara, 11 UK Miners’ Strike (1984–1985), 187 Temas, 136, 137, 146, 171, 177 UNESCO, 88, 97, 109 Thatcher, Margaret (British Prime United States Minister), 187 and Cuban imaginaries, 15, 16, 46, Thomas, Russell 136 Louder Than War—Manic Street embargo against Cuba, 202 Preachers: Live in Cuba, 7, 184, infuence in Cuba, 30, 64 189, 192, 195, 199–201 investment in Cuba, 15 Our Manics in Havana, 7, 184– Prohibition era, 119 186, 190–195, 200, 201, 205, and projection of Cuban fantasies in 207 the US, 15, 30, 154, 194 Torres, Barbarito, 152, 166. See also “thaw” in relations between the US Buena Vista Social Club and Cuba, 107, 137, 183, 202 tourism Universidad de la Habana, 24, 63, 75, tourist gaze, 192. See also Urry, 192 John Urry, John tourist markers, 194 226 Index

“tourist gaze, the” (theory), 192, 157; Pina, 157, 165; Tokyo-Ga, 207 157, 168, 175; Wings of Desire, 157, 164 city, representation of, 6, 58, 90, V 101, 133, 158, 162, 167, 186, van Eyck, Jan 195 The Arnolfni Portrait, 27 Wessing, Koen, 57 , Havana, 17, 64 Widmer, Jörg, 164–167, 169. See also Velázquez, Diego Buena Vista Social Club (flm) Las Meninas, 27, 38 Williamson, Judith, 133, 134, 145 vida cotidiana, la, 101, 195 “advertising-work” (theory), 134 Villet, Grey, 55, 56 Wilson, Richard Volkswagen, 130 The Big Boodle, 71 Winogrand, Garry, 96 Wire, Nicky, 184, 188, 192, 194, 208. W See also Manic Street Preachers Wales, 187 women, 30, 32, 68, 69, 84, 88, 103, Walker, Lucy, 172. See also Buena Vista 137, 138, 140, 141, 195 Social Club representation of Cuban women, 88 Buena Vista Social Club: Adios, 172 World Circuit Records, 151, 152. Wall Street Crash, 15 See also Buena Vista Social Club Webb, Alex, 91 (recording) Webb, Rebecca Norris, 91 Wenders, Wim flms; Alice in the Cities, 157; Buena Y Vista Social Club.See Buena YouTube, 141, 190, 204. See also Vista Social Club (flm); The social media platforms End of Violence, 151; Kings of the Road, 160; Lisbon Story,