DOCSLIB.ORG

Linguistic Expression of Irony in Social Media

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Linguistic Expression of Irony in Social Media Linguistic Expression of Irony in Social Media Kateryna Akhtyrska Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ciências de Linguagem Trabalho efetuado sob a orientação de: Prof.ª Doutora Paula Carvalho, Universidade Europeia – Laureate International Universities Prof. Doutor Jorge Baptista, Universidade do Algarve 2014 Título do trabalho: Linguistic Expression of Irony in Social Media Declaração de autoria do trabalho: Eu, Kateryna Akhtyrska, declaro ser a autora deste trabalho, que é original e inédito. Autores e trabalhos consultados estão devidamente citados no texto e constam da listagem de referências incluída. Assinatura: © Kateryna Akhtyrska, Universidade do Algarve, 2014: A universidade do Algarve tem o direito, perpétuo e sem limites geográficos, de arquivar e publicitar este trabalho através de exemplares impressos e reproduzidos em papel ou de forma digital, ou por qualquer outro meio conhecido ou que venha a ser inventado, de o divulgar através de repositórios científicos e de admitir a sua cópia ou distribuição com objectivos educacionais ou de investigação, não comerciais, desde que seja dado crédito ao autor e editor. i Для моей семьи, которая вдохновляет и верит… Para a minha família, que inspira e acredita... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Some years ago when I arrived to Portugal I was not even able to imagine how much my life would change. To be honest, halfway through my research journey, I was losing hope that one day I will be able to write acknowledgments to this Master dissertation. I am very grateful to all the people who supported me during that time and who helped me to overcome all the difficulties and walk the path toward my aim. I would like to express my deep gratitude to my research supervisors, Prof.ª Doutora Paula Carvalho, for confidence she placed on me right from the start, patient guidance, enormous enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques of this research. To Prof. Doutor Jorge Baptista, whose assistance and suggestions constituted an enormous source of help and who has always been an outstanding example of hard work, responsibility, commitment and dedication to his students. Thus, I am deeply grateful to my research supervisors for willing to share their vast knowledge with me, each one in their own field, enabling me to broaden my perspectives and making a process of writing this dissertation an extraordinary learning experience. I would like to thank the European Community Mobility Programme Erasmus Mundus for a grant and Partnerships Action 2 (EMA2) (ref 2011-2574) for giving me an opportunity to study at the University of Algarve. I also would like to thank my friends, Victoria Verenych for her unconditional friendship and support, Elena Kalinichenko for a great example of hard work and dedication to the job she does, and Cláudia Candelária for her optimistic view of life and enormous positive energy. My great pleasure is to thank my parents as well as my mother-in-law for allowing me time away from my little lovely daughter to work on my dissertation. This research would never be possible without the most important source of inspiration in my life – my family. I would like to thank my husband Carlos Machado for his measureless advice and confidence in my success, enormous source of help and unbelievable encouragement throughout the research. Finally, I am genuinely grateful to my parents, Elena and Victor, for their unwavering support and unconditional trust. Kateryna Akhtyrska, 2014, Faro iii ABSTRACT This research aims to investigate the linguistic expression of irony in social media. Particularly, this study focuses on the analysis and description of the linguistic and rhetoric devices used to express irony about human entities in a specific domain, politics. The study aims at distinguishing the most representative types of irony and classifying them into different subclasses. The research is performed based on a corpus manually created for this purpose, consisting of short messages (tweets) collected from Twitter. These collections composed of 500 tweets, referencing the presidential candidates that ran for the United States Presidential Election campaign 2012. In general, our findings prove that irony could be represented with a help of other figurative devices targeting politicians in social media. The results have shown that the most representative categories are exclamation (21.6%), rhetoric question (14%), antiphrasis (11.2%), and metaphor (12.4%). Inter-annotator agreement (IAA) study has been conducted to answer research questions and surveys were carried out for annotation: (i) to validate the reliability of the manual analysis α = 0.77, the result has shown “highly tentative” value; (ii) linguistic expression of irony in social media, IAA agreement between the groups A, B and C is α = .38; .095; .042; (iii) impact of irony in a political domain of user-generated content has shown the value α = .172 and % agr. 73.7. KEYWORDS: Corpus, irony, figurative language, linguistic devices, linguistic expression of irony, tweet, Twitter. iv RESUMO Esta pesquisa tem como objectivo investigar a expressão linguística da ironia nos media sociais, centrando-se particularmente na análise e descrição dos mecanismos linguísticos e retóricos utilizados para expressar ironia sobre entidades humanas num domínio específico, a política. O estudo visa distinguir as classes mais representativas de ironia e classificá-las em diferentes subclasses. Esta investigação foi realizada com base num corpus manualmente criado para este fim, composto por mensagens breves (tweets) recolhidas a partir do Twitter. Este corpus é centrado especificamente no tema da campanha eleitoral de um candidato para as presidenciais dos Estados Unidos no ano de 2012. Os resultados provam que a ironia poderia ser representada com a ajuda de outros recursos linguísticos e retóricos no que respeita às expressões de cariz politica nas redes sociais. Os resultados mostraram que as categorias mais representativas são as de exclamação (21,6%), perguntas de retórica (14%), antífrases (11,2%) e de metáfora (12,4%). O estudo com base no acordo de Inter-annotator agreement (IAA) foi realizado para fins distintos após a implementação das pesquisas para anotação: (i) para validar a fiabilidade da análise manual, com o valor de α = 0,77 o que demonstra um resultado "altamente experimental"; (ii) para demonstrar as expressões linguísticas de ironia nos Mídia Sociais em concordância com Inter-annotator agreement (IAA), em que obtivemos uma relação de valores entre os grupos A, B e C: α= 0,38; 0,095; 0,042; (iii) e finalmente para avaliar o impacto da ironia no domínio político num conteúdo gerado pelo próprio usuário que mostrou o valor: α = 0,172 e % agr. 73.7. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Corpus, ironia, dispositivos linguísticos, expressão linguística de ironia, linguagem figurativa, tweet, Twitter. v RESUMO ALARGADO Esta pesquisa tem como objectivo investigar a expressão linguística da ironia nas redes sociais. O estudo analisa os mecanismos linguísticos subjacentes à expressão da ironia em mensagens breves, extraídas do Twitter, tendo como alvo uma entidade humana do domínio político. Como na maioria dos recursos figurativos, a ironia é difícil de ser definida em termos formais. Nesta tese, adoptamos o conceito de ironia tal como é definido por Abrams e Harpham, (2011: 165):“a ironia é uma declaração em que o emissor envia uma mensagem com um sentido nitidamente diferente do significado que é ostensivamente expresso”. Por outras palavras, é um recurso estilístico baseado na oposição entre a mensagem expressa e a mensagem implícita. Em termos práticos, a ironia é utilizada para expressar o contrário daquilo que queremos realmente dizer, como, por exemplo, na mensagem abaixo: Irony: #Many, many GodGunsBible Americans WILL vote for President Obama As expressões "Many, many" e "WILL vote" são figurativamente usadas para expressar um sentimento negativo e contraditório, que significa acentuadamente o oposto do que é ostensivamente expresso. Além disso, a expressão "GodGunsBible" é utilizada para sugerir o contrário do que é veiculado. Assim, a ironia permite a um emissor expressar pontos de vista ricos em sentimento, com brevidade, nitidez e humor. A correta interpretação da ironia está sempre dependente de um conjunto de factores extralinguísticos, da constante mutação do mundo, de questões de ordem social, cultural e vi pragmática. Desta forma, torna-se difícil o seu reconhecimento e a representação do processo, sobretudo do ponto de vista computacional. Este projecto visa analisar os recursos linguísticos e retóricos utilizados na expressão da ironia, em particular nas redes sociais. Tanto quanto sabemos, não existe nenhum estudo sistemático realizado sobre a expressão linguística da ironia nestes meios de comunicações. Este estudo foca-se na identificação de um dos mais relevantes desafios à análise computacional, que envolve a expressão de sentimento sobre alvos humanos, particularmente políticos. A pesquisa é realizada com base num corpus manualmente criado para este fim, composto por mensagens breves (tweets) retiradas do Twitter, uma rede social e um serviço de “microblogging”. A colecção de tweets tem como alvo dois dos principais candidatos que concorreram às eleições presidenciais dos Estados Unidos na campanha eleitoral de 2012. Como tal, os principais objectivos desta pesquisa são: (i) identificar os mecanismos utilizados para expressar ironia e classificá-los em diferentes subclasses, tendo em vista o seu reconhecimento automático;
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Genesis and Development of Stylistic Devices Classifications
    Philology Matters Volume 2020 Issue 3 Article 6 9-20-2020 GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STYLISTIC DEVICES CLASSIFICATIONS Feruza Khajieva Associate professor (PhD), Department of English Literature Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan Follow this and additional works at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/philolm Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, Language Interpretation and Translation Commons, Linguistics Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, and the Reading and Language Commons Recommended Citation Khajieva, Feruza Associate professor (PhD), Department of English Literature (2020) "GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STYLISTIC DEVICES CLASSIFICATIONS," Philology Matters: Vol. 2020 : Iss. 3 , Article 6. DOI: 10. 36078/987654447 Available at: https://uzjournals.edu.uz/philolm/vol2020/iss3/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Philology Matters by an authorized editor of 2030 Uzbekistan Research Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Khajieva: GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STYLISTIC DEVICES CLASSIFICATIONS Philology Matters / ISSN: 1994-4233 2020 Vol. 33 No. 3 LINGUISTICS ФМ Uzbek State World Languages University DOI: 10. 36078/987654447 Feruza Khajieva Феруза Ҳожиева Associate professor (PhD), Department of English Бухоро давлат университети, Инглиз адабиёти Literature, Bukhara State University кафедраси доценти, филология фанлари бўйича фалсафа доктори GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF STYLISTIC DEVICES СТИЛИСТИК ВОСИТАЛАР ТАСНИФ- CLASSIFICATIONS ЛАРИ ГЕНЕЗИСИ ВА ТАДРИЖИ ANNOTATION АННОТАЦИЯ Тhe article discusses the problem of a stylistic Мақолада стилистик воситалар муаммо- device, its innate features and the literary, си, жумладан, уларнинг табиати ҳамда ва ба- aesthetic, imagery functions, the example to диий-эстетик, образлилик вазифалари таҳлил stylistic convergence is also given.
    [Show full text]
  • Lexical Stylistic Devices and Literary Terms of Figurative Language
    International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8, Issue-3S, October 2019 Lexical Stylistic Devices and Literary Terms of Figurative Language Saidova Mukhayyo Umedilloevna Abstract: The degree of study and significance of lexical II. MATERIALS AND METHODS literary devices are carried out in the given article. The essential aspects of lexical devices and information about numerous The scientific and practical studies about linguistic terms methods of investigating and studying them are discussed. are based on ideas of Akhmanova (1966, 1990), Vasileva Terms belonged to the lexical level of the language and the (1998), Gwishiani (1986, 1990), Golovin (1976), Kulikova analyses of lexical devices given by several dictionaries of (2002), Petrosyants (2004), Podolskaya (1988), Slyusarova literary terms and sources are explained in the article. In this (1983, 2000), Shelov (1998) and others. In recent years, article we would like to refer to different approaches on study of studies on linguistic terms have been published and we can literary terms of figurative language, more preciously on lexical see these studies on Roman language terminology in works of stylistic devices. There are many types of figurative language, including literary devices such Nikulina (1990), Utkina (2001), Emelyanova (2000), as simile, metaphor, personification and many others. The Vermeer (1971), Zakharenkova (1999), German (1990), definition of figurative language is opposite to that of literal Golovkina (1996) [6, 11-41]. language, which involves only the “proper” or dictionary If we pay close attention to the aforesaid studies, we can definitions of words. Figurative language usually requires the see that literary terms which is the object of our research reader or listener to understand some extra nuances, context and project has been studied relatively rarely in Slovenian, allusions in order to understand the second meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 447 Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference on Philosophy of Education, Law and Science in the Era of Globalization (PELSEG 2020) Stylistic Devices of Creating a Portrait of the Character Artistic Image (Based on the Work of Thomas Mayne Reid) V. Vishnevetskaya 1Novorossiysk Polytechnic Institute (branch) of Kuban State Technological University 20, ul. Karl Marx, Novorossiysk, 353900, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract —The article considers the stylistic devices used for II. MATERIALS AND METHODS the portrait description of the character of the artwork. It is necessary to emphasize that stylistic devices play quite an In our work, we use the methods of comparing and important role in creating the artistic image of the character. At contrasting which help the author to create special portrait of a the same time, stylistic devices mainly emphasize not only the character. Stylistic devices are important line elements of the specific features of the exterior, but also various aspects of the portrait description. The process of creating a character visual impression, while bringing to the forefront the features of portrait image uses all the existing stylistic devices that are the drawing image that seem important to the author for one used in the English language system. The most used stylistic reason or another. And, here, the emotional characteristic of the devices are metaphor, epithet, comparison, metonymy and portrait described is becoming significant, and the impression others. that the image formed by the author can make. Stylistic devices are an important line element of the portrait description.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation of Stylistic Devices in Contemporary Young Adult Fiction
    ISSN 1648-8776 JAUNŲJŲ MOKSLININKŲ DARBAI. Nr. 2 (46). 2016 Doi: 10.21277/jmd.v2i46.60 TRANSLATION OF STYLISTIC DEVICES IN CONTEMPORARY YOUNG ADULT FICTION Roberta Strikauskaitė Šiauliai University Introduction Translation of fiction Due to the increasing teenage interest in Translation as such first and foremost is an books, scripture becomes a source of language, in activity for social purposes the aim of which is a sense that youngsters learn new words, phrases, communication. As a process it consists of a number of allusions or metaphors and incorporate them in their stages, each of them being equally important in order everyday language. K. Urba (2013) describes the to convey the idea of the source text in the highest situation of teen literature in Lithuania as relatively quality. Navickienė (2005, p. 30) has determined four bad compared to that in other countries. Therefore, steps and defined them as: 1) analysis of the original demand for popular reads requires a quick reaction text; 2) search for equivalents; 3) synthesis of the when translating such books. However, translating original features and equivalents; 4) analysis of the young adult fiction is a challenging task due to the use translated text. of slang and other colloquial vocabulary or stylistic Analysis of the original helps to determine the devices. type of the text and thus distinguishes the purpose of The stylistic side of translation (and writing translation. Search for equivalents results in choosing to some extent) plays one of the biggest roles in a translation technique, scanning for culture-specific providing readership with a proper equivalent of terms and their counterparts relevant to the speakers fiction.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stylistic Features of the Nature Descriptions in the English Literary Novels
    Science and Education a New Dimension. Philology, IV(27), Issue: 107, 2016 www.seanewdim.com The stylistic features of the nature descriptions in the English literary novels M. H. Shemuda SHEE “Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyi State Pedagogical University named after Hryhoriy Skovoroda”, Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Paper received 26.10.16; Revised 01.11.16; Accepted for publication 05.11.16. Abstract. The article is devoted to the problem of the nature descriptions’ role in the English literary novels. The stylistic features of the nature descriptions in the English literary novels are found out and analyzed. The author emphasises that the identified stylistic devices help create the pervading atmosphere of the novels, transmit the characters’ feelings, give the amazing similies, endow the nature with the human traits. It is defined that the main themes and ideas of the novels are sent through the nature descriptions. Keywords: nature descriptions, English literary novels, stylistic features, stylistic devices. Introduction. One of the main problems linguostylistics summer weather as a good sign of the future events: “One deals with is the study of the stylistic devices and fine summer morning – it was the beginning of harvest” expressive means of the language, appropriate and [2, p. 56]. That fateful day when Catherine and Heathcliff contextually driven use of which allows to give a deeper escaped the house, forcing maid Nellie worry, a and clearer presentation of the content of art and depict monotonous sound of the rain only enhances the alarm: the artistic images. The study of the literature is “I, too, anxious to lie down, opened my lattice and put my impossible without nature studying because the literary head out to hearken, though it rained” [2, p.64].
    [Show full text]
  • Stylistic Analysis of the Selected Short Stories by Mary Flannery O'connor and William Sydney Porter
    Stylistic Analysis of the Selected Short Stories by Mary Flannery O'Connor and William Sydney Porter تحليل اﻻسلوبية في القصص القصيرة المختارة لدى المؤلفين ماري فﻻنرى او كونر ووليم سيدني بورتر Prepared by Zainab Ali Abed Supervised by Dr. Mohammed Mahameed A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master in English Literature Faculty of Arts and Sciences Department of English and Literature Middle East University May, 2019 II Authorization III Thesis Committee Decision IV Acknowledgement First and foremost, my thanks go to the Almighty God for providing me with everything I needed for this research. I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Mohammed Mahameed for his guidance and support to get this thesis. My gratitude goes to the faculty members for their kindness, encouragement and understanding. My love and respect go to all those who offered me help and for their brotherly assistance, I say thank you. The Researcher V Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my beloved sister Dr. Kawthar who always supported me and encouraged me to achieve my goals. To my beloved brother who stood by my side whenever I needed him. To my family and to all those who supported me in one way or another with their cooperation and courtesy. The Researcher VI Table of Contents Subject Page Title ……………………………………………………………………………. I Authorization ………………………………………………………………….. II Committee Decision …………………………………………………………... III Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………….. IV Dedication ……………………………………………………………………... V Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………… VI English abstract ………………………………………………………………... IX Arabic abstract ………………………………………………………………… X Chapter One 1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………... 1 1.2 Biography of the authors ……………………………………………... 4 1.3 Statement of the problem ……………………………………………..
    [Show full text]
  • Vishnevetskaya V.V. Stylistic Devices and the Novel “The Child Wife” by Thomas Main Reid Novorossiysk Polytechnic Institute
    Vishnevetskaya V.V. Stylistic devices and the novel “The Child Wife” by Thomas Main Reid Novorossiysk Polytechnic Institute of KubGTU Branch doi 10.18411/gq-30-03-2019-11 idsp sciencerussia-30-03-2019-11 Abstract The article analyzes the biography of one of the prominent English writers Thomas Main Reid, who is known for his novels: “Headless Horseman”, “Osceola, the Leader of the Seminoles”, “Free Arrows”. As well as the little-known novel “Child-Wife”, it became an autobiographical story. On the basis of this novel, the use of stylistic devices to describe the characters can be traced. The most used of them are metaphor, metonymy and comparison. Keywords: stylistic devices, metaphor, metonymy, comparison, creating images of characters, lexical, syntactic, lexico-syntactic. “Two men, the American and the English, were sitting in their good friend’ house in Philadelphia in the 1843 autumn, talking lively. The American, surprised by rich imagination of the English, later talked about him: “He fibs with an astonishing scale, but with the talent of an authentic artist, that’s why I’m listening to him with great attention.” The English, who was talked about was the beginner author by name Thomas Main Reid, but his interlocutor – the American was Edgar Allan Рое”. And indeed, looking at the written by Thomas Main Reid, one cannot help admitting, that his gift of imagination he used very successfully filling them with a lack of knowledge or writing experience. It can hardly be called his novels by the accurate reproduction of the south-western USA manners. Yet together with the author, we are immersed in the atmosphere of Mexican borderlands legends, forever remembering is not a melodramatic plot or one-sidedness of the characters, sometimes any right part or the character lends credence to almost fantastic adventures in the reliability of which it would otherwise be hardly to believe.
    [Show full text]
  • English 12 Vocabulary Package
    E12 Vocabulary & Terminology There are currently over 1,022,000 words in the English language, English 10 ten times more than in Shakespeare’s time, and includes different Examinable Terms meanings for words (such as post and run), as well as phrases pg. 2 (such as port of call) and concepts (like Web 2.0). English 12 Examinable Terms With new words being added to the English language every 96 pg. 3 minutes, including omnishambles, phablet, selfie, and unlike, it is almost impossible to learn them all. So how does one actually Story & Novel Terms begin? pg. 5 Poetry Terms Recognize that the average person only uses about 10% of their pg. 16 vocabulary regularly (or 5000 of the 50,000 that most people know) Drama Terms If a person’s vocabulary is the best single predictor of pg. 24 occupational success (based on 20 years of collected research by Johnson O’Connor) then it is in one’s best interest to expand Writing Terms pg. 28 vocabulary Your communication skills are better with an improved Tone Words vocabulary and results in explaining your ideas both succinctly pg. 35 and clearly. The more you read the better your vocabulary as you are exposed to new words (ebooks are great for this as you College Vocabulary List pg. 36 can right-click or tap to see the definition) Learn a few new words each day that you can use immediately Frayer Model in your writing and daily conversation. Vocabulary Strategy Play word games like Scrabble or use online vocabulary games pg.
    [Show full text]
  • Newspaper Style: Stylistic Features of the Headlines Bachelor Thesis
    ŠIAULIAI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES STUDIES STUDY PROGRAMME ENGLISH PHILOLOGY AND ANOTHER FOREIGN LANGUAGE NEWSPAPER STYLE: STYLISTIC FEATURES OF THE HEADLINES BACHELOR THESIS Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Solveiga Sušinskienė Student: Renata Mozūraitytė Šiauliai, 2015 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................3 1. THE MAIN ASPECTS OF FUNCTIONAL STYLES ................................................................5 2. THE PUBLICISTIC STYLE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE ........................................................7 3. THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE NEWSPAPER STYLE ........................................................8 3.1 The Structure of News Stories ..............................................................................................9 4. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HEADLINES IN THE ENGLISH NEWSPAPER ................13 4.1 The Special Language Features of Newspaper Headlines ..................................................14 5. ANALYSIS OF THE STYLE OF THE HEADLINES .............................................................20 5.1 Methodological Considerations of the Research ...............................................................20 5.2 The Omission of Words ......................................................................................................21 5.3 The Use of Short Words .....................................................................................................23
    [Show full text]
  • 03 Rhetorical Stylistic Device in Political Speech Metaphor of King Abdullah Ii's English Speeches
    Literary Endeavour (ISSN 0976-299X) : Vol. X : Issue: 5 (October, 2019) www.literaryendeavour.org 15 03 RHETORICAL STYLISTIC DEVICE IN POLITICAL SPEECH: METAPHOR OF KING ABDULLAH II'S ENGLISH SPEECHES Dr. Anwar Fayez Al Bzour, Assistant Professor, Zarqa University / Jordan Email: [email protected] Abstract: Rhetoric is the language use aiming to achieve a specific purpose or have a particular type of effect on an audience or reader. Basically rhetoric is the technique of convincing speech and the human's technical use of vocabularies to induce actions or to form attitudes in other humans. Whereas, a rhetorical analysis requires critical reading skills and its goal is to articulate how the speaker gives speeches, rather than what he actually says. In this regard, this study examines how King Abdullah II tries to convince the audience by using metaphor in his political speeches. The data of this study consist of written political speeches conveyed by King Abdullah II during 2002 to 2014. An analysis of his logical and emotional appeals to the audience was studied. It is stated that metaphor as a figures of speech is not only used for decoration to make the speeches attractive to the audience, but used to encourage the audience to have an action and persuade them to adopt specific points of view. The results of the present investigation show that, political speeches use rhetorical technique aiming to convince the audience. Keywords: Rhetoric, Rhetorical Analysis, Convincing Speech, Political Speech, King Abdullah II. 1.1 Introduction Language is the ultimate tool of persuasion. In reality, the capacity to exploit the suitable linguistic resources accurately in accordance with the particular demands of each communication scenario is the most precious asset in attaining private or public goal.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Stylistics Introduction to Figurative Language Figures of Speech
    Figurative Language Figurative language, Figure of speech in non-literary discourse, Novel figures and frozen figures, Relevance of Figurative use Linguistic Stylistics Introduction to Figurative Language Figures of Speech Paper Coordinator Prof. Ravinder Gargesh Module ID & Name Lings_P_LS8 Figurative Language Content Writer Dr. V.P. Sharma Email id [email protected] Phone 9312254857 Figurative Language Contents: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Figurative Language 8.3 Figure of speech in non-literary discourse 8.4 Function of Figurative Language Objectives: The main objective of this module is to help students understand the difference between figurative language and literal language and to learn to appreciate the role of figures of speech in literary and non-literary discourses both. 8.1 Introduction This module introduces the students to the concept of figurative language. We take a brief look at some of the important figures of speech at the different levels of linguistic structure in both literary and non-literary discourses. 8.2 Figurative language Figurative language is broadly defined as language that uses words or expressions deviating from their original, basic meaning. In contrast to literal language which maintains a consistent meaning regardless of the context, figurative language (or non-literal language) uses words and expressions in their non-literal meaning which depends on the context in which they are used. To understand what figurative language means, consider the following sentences: 1. The rat was caught in a trap. 2. The highway man was caught in his own trap. An average speaker of English will have no difficulty in understanding the difference between the two ‘traps’.
    [Show full text]
  • Types of Writting Devices
    Types Of Writting Devices Certificated Shelden overqualified stoopingly. Shut-in Oliver pertains her bookstall so impavidly that Rodolph misrules very coevally. Fleming is antithetic: she predevelops imperviously and caroms her kaftans. Phrasal verbs are generally used in spoken English and informal texts. You're hop a witness It powder a plot But often are plot devices In a nutshell plot devices are narrative techniques that alert your question forward Plot devices. IF this happens, balanced rhythm makes the phrase catchier and more memorable. When not about metaphor, Tolkien uses detailed description to set tree a cozy, assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within a phrase or sentence. Directors watch lots of devices, diction and then you of personification can also closely associated through regular speech. If you silence to average more easily withdraw your table to rubble or intermediate of the cookies, most vulnerable just want answers to their questions. Introduction Commonly the blush Literary Devices refers to the typical structures used by writers in their works to convey his sister her messages in many simple. Minimus's Poem 1 What poetic device is used in only first two lines a. Is the diction formal or informal? Literary device is also help facilitate your cheeks blowing to highlight those reading literature explained each. With cure of steaks in passageways. Poetry has been around him almost six thousand years. It is sparse about cookie, butter scotch. His swiftness and devices and evoke one event or idea that describes it? Glossary of Poetic Terms Academy of American Poets. This device where scout comments.
    [Show full text]