PEP55781 2016 Engagement Report
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Kaihu Valley and the Ripiro West Coast to South Hokianga
~ 1 ~ KAIHU THE DISTRICT NORTH RIPIRO WEST COAST SOUTH HOKIANGA HISTORY AND LEGEND REFERENCE JOURNAL FOUR EARLY CHARACTERS PART ONE 1700-1900 THOSE WHO STAYED AND THOSE WHO PASSED THROUGH Much has been written by past historians about the past and current commercial aspects of the Kaipara, Kaihu Valley and the Hokianga districts based mostly about the mighty Kauri tree for its timber and gum but it would appear there has not been a lot recorded about the “Characters” who made up these districts. I hope to, through the following pages make a small contribution to the remembrance of some of those main characters and so if by chance I miss out on anybody that should have been noted then I do apologise to the reader. I AM FROM ALL THOSE WHO HAVE COME BEFORE AND THOSE STILL TO COME THEY ARE ME AND I AM THEM ~ 2 ~ CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 THE EARLY CHARACTERS NAME YEAR PLACE PAGE Toa 1700 Waipoua 5 Eruera Patuone 1769 Northland 14 Te Waenga 1800 South Hokianga 17 Pokaia 1805 North Kaipara West coast to Hokianga 30 Murupaenga 1806 South Hokianga – Ripiro Coast 32 Kawiti Te Ruki 1807 Ahikiwi – Ripiro Coast 35 Hongi Hika 1807 North Kaipara West coast to Hokianga 40 Taoho 1807 Kaipara – Kaihu Valley 44 Te Kaha-Te Kairua 1808 Ripiro Coast 48 Joseph Clarke 1820 Ripiro Coast 49 Samuel Marsden 1820 Ripiro Coast 53 John Kent 1820 South Hokianga 56 Jack John Marmon 1820 North Kaipara West coast to Hokianga 58 Parore Te Awha 1821 North Kaipara West coast to Hokianga 64 John Martin 1827 South Hokianga 75 Moetara 1830 South Hokianga - Waipoua 115 Joel Polack -
In-Process Characterization Plan for the Building 886 Closure Project
In-Process Characterization Plan KAISER. HILL COMPANY For the Building 886 .. Closure Project -. .. I RF'/RRIRS-99-349 Revision 0 .. RFlRM RS.99-349 Rocky Mountain RMRS Remediation Services, L.L.C. protecting the envimnrnent IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT Rocky Mountain Remediation Services, L.L.C. October 1999 Revision 0 IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT RFIRMRS-99-349 REVISION 0 October 1999 This in-Process Characterization Plan has been reviewed and approved by: - Date 4Y/& Date K6n Gillespie, HealtMnd Safety ’ Date r, RMRS Characterization Date IN-PROCESS CHA~4CTE2IZATION?LAN RFiRklRS-39-35 'W .I FOR THE a86 CLUSTER TOC. Page iii oi vi CLOSURE PROJECT Effective Date: lOiOliO9 IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 .o INTRODUCTION ....................................... ...................... ................. 1.1 Purpose ........................................................... 1.2Scope ........................................... .................................. 1 2.0 CLUSTER DESCRIPTION .................................. .......................... 2 2.1 Summary of Existing Data ............................. ........................ 2 2.1.1 Radiological................................ .......................... 2 2.1.2Non-Radiological ......................... .......................... 3 2.2 Known or Suspected Data Gaps ......... 2.2.1 Radiological............................... ......................... -
Microstructural Characterization of a Canadian Oil Sand
Microstructural characterization of a Canadian oil sand Doan1,3 D.H., Delage2 P., Nauroy1 J.F., Tang1 A.M., Youssef2 S. Doan D.H., Delage P., Nauroy J.F., Tang A.M., and Youssef S. 2012. Microstructural characterization of a Canadian oil sand. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 49 (10), 1212-1220, doi:10.1139/T2012-072. 1 IFP Energies nouvelles, 1-4 Av. du Bois Préau, F 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France [email protected] 2 Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Navier/ CERMES 6 et 8, av. Blaise Pascal, F 77455 Marne La Vallée cedex 2, France [email protected] 3 now in Fugro France [email protected] Abstract: The microstructure of oil sand samples extracted at a depth of 75 m from the estuarine Middle McMurray formation (Alberta, Canada) has been investigated by using high resolution 3D X-Ray microtomography (µCT) and Cryo Scanning Electron Microscopy (CryoSEM). µCT images evidenced some dense areas composed of highly angular grains surrounded by fluids that are separated by larger pores full of gas. 3D Image analysis provided in dense areas porosity values compatible with in-situ log data and macroscopic laboratory determinations, showing that they are representative of intact states. µCT hence provided some information on the morphology of the cracks and disturbance created by gas expansion. The CryoSEM technique, in which the sample is freeze fractured within the SEM chamber prior to observation, provided pictures in which the (frozen) bitumen clearly appears between the sand grains. No evidence of the existence of a thin connate water layer between grains and the bitumen, frequently mentioned in the literature, has been obtained. -
High-Resolution Gamma Ray Attenuation Density Measurements on Mining Exploration Drill Cores, Including Cut Cores
The following document is a pre-print version of: Ross P-S, Bourke A (2017) High-resolution gamma ray attenuation density measurements on mining exploration drill cores, including cut cores. J. Apl. Geophys. 136:262-268 High-resolution gamma ray attenuation density measurements on mining exploration drill cores, including cut cores Ross, P.-S.*, Bourke, A. Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (QC), G1K 9A9, Canada * Corresponding author, [email protected] Abstract Physical property measurements are increasingly important in mining exploration. For density determinations on rocks, one method applicable on exploration drill cores relies on gamma ray attenuation. This non- destructive method is ideal because each measurement takes only ten seconds, making it suitable for high- resolution logging. However calibration has been problematic. In this paper we present new empirical, site- specific correction equations for whole NQ and BQ cores. The corrections force back the gamma densities to the “true” values established by the immersion method. For the NQ core caliber, the density range extends to high values (massive pyrite, ~5 g/cm 3) and the correction is thought to be very robust. We also present additional empirical correction factors for cut cores which take into account the missing material. These “cut core correction factors”, which are not site-specific, were established by making gamma density measurements on truncated aluminum cylinders of various residual thicknesses. Finally we show two examples of application for the Abitibi Greenstone Belt in Canada. The gamma ray attenuation measurement system is part of a multi-sensor core logger which also determines magnetic susceptibility, geochemistry and mineralogy on rock cores, and performs line-scan imaging. -
Part 2 | North Kaipara 2.0 | North Kaipara - Overview
Part 2 | North Kaipara 2.0 | North Kaipara - Overview | Mana Whenua by the accumulation of rainwater in depressions of sand. Underlying There are eight marae within the ironstone prevents the water from North Kaipara community area (refer leaking away. These are sensitive to the Cultural Landscapes map on environments where any pollution page 33 for location) that flows into them stays there. Pananawe Marae A significant ancient waka landing Te Roroa site is known to be located at Koutu. Matatina Marae Te Roroa To the east of the district, where Waikara Marae the Wairoa River runs nearby to Te Roroa Tangiteroria, is the ancient portage Waikaraka Marae route of Mangapai that connected Te Roroa the Kaipara with the lower reaches Tama Te Ua Ua Marae of the Whangārei Harbour. This Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua portage extended from the Northern Ahikiwi Marae Wairoa River to Whangārei Harbour. Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua From Tangiteroria, the track reached Taita Marae Maungakaramea and then to the Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua canoe landing at the head of the Tirarau Marae Mangapai River. Samuel Marsden Ngāuhi; Te Runanga o Ngāti Whātua (1765-1838), who travelled over this route in 1820, mentions in his journal There are a number of maunga that Hongi Hika conveyed war and distinctive cultural landscapes canoes over the portage (see Elder, significant to Mana Whenua and the 1932). wider community within the North Kaipara areas. These include Maunga Mahi tahi (collaboration) of Te Ruapua, Hikurangi, and Tuamoe. opportunities for mana whenua, Waipoua, and the adjoining forests wider community and the council of Mataraua and Waima, make up to work together for the good of the largest remaining tract of native the northern Kaipara area are vast forests in Northland. -
Auckland Council, Far North District Council, Kaipara District Council and Whangarei District Council
Auckland Council, Far North District Council, Kaipara District Council and Whangarei District Council Draft Proposed Plan Change to the District / Unitary Plan Managing Risks Associated with Outdoor Use of Genetically Modified Organisms Draft Section 32 Report January 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Scope and Purpose of the Report 1 1.2 Development of the Plan Change 1 1.3 Structure of the Report 3 2. GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS 4 2.1 Introduction 4 2.2 Benefits and Risks 5 2.2.1 Benefits 5 2.2.2 Risks 7 2.3 Risk Management and Precaution 10 2.4 Consultation 12 2.4.1 Community Concerns Regarding GMO Use 12 2.4.2 Māori Perspectives 14 2.4.3 Summary 15 2.5 Synopsis 16 3. THE PLAN CHANGE 17 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 Significant Resource Management Issue 17 3.3 Objectives and Policies 18 3.4 Related Provisions 19 3.4.1 Activity Rules 19 3.4.2 General Development and Performance Standards 20 3.4.3 Definitions 20 4. SECTION 32 EVALUATION 21 4.1 Introduction 21 4.2 Alternative Means to Address the Issue 22 4.2.1 Do Nothing 22 4.2.2 Central Government Amendment to the HSNO Act 23 4.2.3 Local Authority Regulation through the RMA 24 4.2.4 Assessment of Alternatives Considered 24 4.3 Risk of Acting or Not Acting 26 4.3.1 Ability to Deliver a Precautionary Approach 27 4.3.2 Proportionate Action and Difficulties Arising From Inaction 29 i 4.4 Appropriateness of the Objectives in Achieving the Purpose of the Act 31 4.5 Appropriateness, Costs and Benefits of Policies, Rules and Other Methods 33 4.5.1 Appropriateness 33 4.5.2 Costs 34 4.5.3 Benefits 36 5. -
Whare Tohunga and Wiremu Rikihana
~ 1 ~ INTRODUCTION TO OPANAKI /KAIHU THE RIGHTFUL OWNERS OF THE VILLAGE ALSO WHAKAPAPA FOR WHARE TOHUNGA AND WIREMU RIKIHANA COMPILED BY ROGER MOLD ADAMS SHOP AND BOARDING HOUSE NEAR RAILWAY SIDING AT OPANAKI/KAIHU ~ 2 ~ Note: Whanau=Family Hapu=Clan Iwi=Tribe Taua=War Party Ariki=Leader/Chief Aotea=New Zealand Whapu/Kaihu=Dargaville Whakatehaua=Maunganui Bluff Opanaki=Modern day Kaihu “Te Ika a Maui” (the fish of Maui) North Island of Aotea BELOW: COMPUTER DRAWN MAP SHOWING THE PLACE NAMES BETWEEN MANGAWHARE AND SOUTH HOKIANGA ~ 3 ~ CHAPTERS CHAPTER SEVEN CHAPTER ONE MERANIA WHARE TOHUNGA FOREWORDS: BY JANE STEWART NEE WEBSTER… PAGE 140 PAGE 4 CHAPTER EIGHT CHAPTER TWO WHAKAPAPA FOR HOW IT ALL STARTED… MERANIA WHARE TOHUNGA PAGE 7 PAGE 144 CHAPTER THREE CHAPTER NINE FIRST NATION PEOPLE ‘MERANIA’ AND ‘MOA TANIERE’ RANGI PAOA PAGE 19 PAGE 149 CHAPTER FOUR CHAPTER TEN CHRISTIANITY COMES TO THE VILLAGES FAMILIES FOR CHILDREN OF OF THE KAIHU VALLEY’S PAGE 42 MERANIA WHARE TOHUNGA PAGE 152 CHAPTER FIVE CHAPTER ELEVEN THE VILLAGE OF OPANAKI/KAIHU SAILORS OF THE OCEANS PAGE 52 PAGE 201 CHAPTER SIX CHAPTER TWELVE WIREMU RIKIHANA THOSE WHO DARE SAIL WHERE OCEANS PACIFIC PAGE 56 AND TASMAN MEET PAGE 205 ~ 4 ~ 1 FOREWORDS: BY JANE STEWART NEE WEBSTER… After knowing Roger in early years, I connected with him again earlier this year – 2014 – through my cousin, Gordon Morfett. To my amazement I found Roger has become a researcher and historian ‘par excellence’. His diligent research ability and love of local and Maori knowledge has led him to compiling many journals which are now available to the public. -
Hyperspectral Imaging for the Characterization of Athabasca Oil Sands Core
Hyperspectral imaging for the characterization of Athabasca oil sands core by Michelle Alexandra Speta A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Alberta © Michelle Alexandra Speta, 2016 Abstract The Athabasca oil sands of northeastern Alberta, Canada, are one of the largest accumulations of crude bitumen in the world. Drill core sampling is the principal method for investigating subsurface geology in the oil sands industry. Cores are logged to record sedimentological characteristics and sub-sampled for total bitumen content (TBC) determination. However, these processes are time- and labour-intensive, and in the case of TBC analysis, destructive to the core. Hyperspectral imaging is a remote sensing technique that combines reflectance spectroscopy with digital imaging. This study investigates the application of hyperspectral imaging for the characterization of Athabasca oil sands drill core with three specific objectives: 1) spectral determination of TBC in core samples, 2) visual enhancement of sedimentological features in oil-saturated sediments, and 3) automated classification of lithological units in core imagery. Two spectral models for the determination of TBC were tested on four suites of fresh core and one suite of dry core from different locations and depths in the Athabasca deposit. The models produce greyscale images that show the spatial distribution of oil saturation at a per-pixel scale (~1 mm). For all cores and both models, spectral TBC results were highly correlated with Dean- Stark data (R2 = 0.94-0.99). The margin of error in the spectral predictions for three of the fresh cores was comparable to that of Dean-Stark analysis (±1.5 wt %). -
1994: Effects of Coring on Petrophysical Measurements
EFFECTS OF CORING ON PETROPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS. Rune M. Holt, IKU Petroleum Research and NTH Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT When a core sample is taken fiom great depth to the surface, it may be permanently altered by several mechanisms. This Paper focusses on possible effects of stress release on petrophysical measurables, such as porosity, permeability, acoustic velocities and compaction behaviour. The results are obtained through an experimental study, where synthetic rocks are formed under simulated in situ stress conditions, so that stress release effects can be studied in a systematic way. INTRODUCTION Core measurements provide important input data to petroleum reservoir evaluations. Uncertainties in reserve estimates and predicted production profiles may originate from uncertianties in core data. In addition to measurement errors, such uncertainty may be a result of core damage (see e.g. Santarelli and Dusseault, 199 1). By core damage we mean permanent alteration of core material so that the material is no longer representative of the rock in situ. It is important to distinguish here between core alteration, which can be repaired by reinstalling the in situ conditions, and permanent core damage. A general advice would be to perform any core measurement as close to in situ (stress, pore pressure, temperature, fluid saturation) conditions as possible. In the case of a damaged core, this does however not warrant a correct result. The focus of this Paper will be on unrepairable core damage, and where the damage is caused by a mechanical failure of the rock. We shall look briefly into mechanisms that may cause such damage, how permanent core damage may affect various petrophysical parameters, and how one may correct for or reduce such core damage. -
Best Research Support and Anti-Plagiarism Services and Training
CleanScript Group – best research support and anti-plagiarism services and training List of oil field acronyms The oil and gas industry uses many jargons, acronyms and abbreviations. Obviously, this list is not anywhere near exhaustive or definitive, but this should be the most comprehensive list anywhere. Mostly coming from user contributions, it is contextual and is meant for indicative purposes only. It should not be relied upon for anything but general information. # 2D - Two dimensional (geophysics) 2P - Proved and Probable Reserves 3C - Three components seismic acquisition (x,y and z) 3D - Three dimensional (geophysics) 3DATW - 3 Dimension All The Way 3P - Proved, Probable and Possible Reserves 4D - Multiple Three dimensional's overlapping each other (geophysics) 7P - Prior Preparation and Precaution Prevents Piss Poor Performance, also Prior Proper Planning Prevents Piss Poor Performance A A&D - Acquisition & Divestment AADE - American Association of Drilling Engineers [1] AAPG - American Association of Petroleum Geologists[2] AAODC - American Association of Oilwell Drilling Contractors (obsolete; superseded by IADC) AAR - After Action Review (What went right/wrong, dif next time) AAV - Annulus Access Valve ABAN - Abandonment, (also as AB) ABCM - Activity Based Costing Model AbEx - Abandonment Expense ACHE - Air Cooled Heat Exchanger ACOU - Acoustic ACQ - Annual Contract Quantity (in reference to gas sales) ACQU - Acquisition Log ACV - Approved/Authorized Contract Value AD - Assistant Driller ADE - Asphaltene -
Best Practices for Shale Core Handling: Transportation, Sampling and Storage for Conduction of Analyses
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Review Best Practices for Shale Core Handling: Transportation, Sampling and Storage for Conduction of Analyses Sudeshna Basu 1,2,*, Adrian Jones 1 and Pedram Mahzari 1 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BS, UK; [email protected] (A.J.); [email protected] (P.M.) 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 9 January 2020; Accepted: 12 February 2020; Published: 20 February 2020 Abstract: Drill core shale samples are critical for palaeoenvironmental studies and potential hydrocarbon reservoirs. They need to be preserved carefully to maximise their retention of reservoir condition properties. However, they are susceptible to alteration due to cooling and depressurisation during retrieval to the surface, resulting in volume expansion and formation of desiccation and micro fractures. This leads to inconsistent measurements of different critical attributes, such as porosity and permeability. Best practices for core handling start during retrieval while extracting from the barrel, followed by correct procedures for transportation and storage. Appropriate preservation measures should be adopted depending on the objectives of the scientific investigation and core coherency, with respect to consolidation and weathering. It is particularly desirable to maintain a constant temperature of 1 to 4 ◦C and a consistent relative humidity of >75% to minimise any micro fracturing and internal moisture movement in the core. While core re-sampling, it should be ensured that there is no further core compaction, especially while using a hand corer. Keywords: shale; drill core instability; micro fracture; clay minerals 1. -
Addendum to the Surface Sediment Quality Evaluation Sampling and Analysis Plan/Quality Assurance Project Plan
Two Union Square 601 Union Street, Suite 600 Seattle, WA 98101 tel: 206.292.2078 fax: 206.682.7867 Technical Memorandum To: Mark Adams, Washington State Department of Ecology Copies: Grant Yang and Pricilla Tomlinson, Washington State Department of Ecology Doug Ciserella and Mike Ciserella, Cantera Development, LLC From: Lynn Grochala and Allison Geiselbrecht, Floyd|Snider Date: February 6, 2019 Project No: Cantera-TOC, Time Oil Bulk Terminal PPA Re: Addendum to the Surface Sediment Quality Evaluation Sampling and Analysis Plan/Quality Assurance Project Plan This technical memorandum was prepared at the request of Cantera Development Group, LLC (Cantera) as an addendum to the Sediment Quality Evaluation Sampling and Analysis Plan/Quality Assurance Project Plan (SAP/QAPP) approved by the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) in July 2018 (Floyd|Snider 2018). This addendum summarizes additional sediment sample collection and analysis for the former TOC Holdings Co. (TOC) Seattle Terminal Properties (the Site) located on W. Commodore Way in Seattle. Additional surface and subsurface sediment characterization will be performed on the Site property and in the vicinity of the Site in Salmon Bay. 1.0 PROPOSED ADDITIONAL SEDIMENT CHARACTERIZATION This addendum describes the collection of eight additional discrete surface sediment grab samples and two sediment cores. Refer to the attached Figure 1 for the designated sample locations. The locations of recently collected surface sediment samples (August 2018) and historical surface sediment locations (available in the Ecology Environmental Information Management System) are also shown on Figure 1 for reference. 1.1 Surface Sediment Grab Samples Five discrete surface sediment grab samples targeting the top 10 centimeters of surface sediments will be collected within the immediate vicinity of the Site, adjacent to the dock used for former TOC loading operations.