DOCSLIB.ORG

Paleogene and Neogene Time Scale of GTS 2012 Paleogene Neogene N

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Paleogene and Neogene Time Scale of GTS 2012 Paleogene Neogene N Paleogene and Neogene Time Scale of GTS 2012 Paleogene Neogene N. Vandenberghe 1, F.J. Hilgen 2 and R.P. Speijer 3 F.J. Hilgen 1, L.J. Lourens 2 and J.A. Van Dam 3 1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, K. U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, B - 3001 Leuven, Belgium, [email protected] 1. Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands, [email protected] 2. Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands, [email protected] 2. Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands, [email protected] 3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, K. U. Leuven, Celestijnenlaal 200E, B - 3001 Leuven, Belgium, [email protected] 3. Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont (ICP), Campus de la UAB, Mòdul ICP, E-08193 cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain, [email protected] Of the 9 Paleogene stages, only 3 remain to be formally defined: the Bartonian and Priabonian stages of upper Paleogene Time Scale Eocene and the Chattian (base of upper Oligocene). Larger 18 13 AGE Epoch/Age Polarity Mega- Dinoflagellate Cysts North American O C AGE -1.0 -0.5 -0.5 Of the 8 Neogene stages, only 2 remain to be formally defined: the Burdigalian and Langhian stages of lower and middle Mio- (Ma) Chron Cycles Planktonic Foraminifera Benthic Calcareous Nannofossils Radiolarians NALMA MP European Mammals ALMA SALMA 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Age (Stage) (Ma) During the Paleogene, the global climate, being warm (Stage) Northwestern Europe Mammals other zones Foraminifera ELMA R T low latitude southern high latitude until the late Eocene, shows a significant cooling trend cene. b Globoquadrina dehiscens SBZ24 Ar3 Cephalogale, Menoceras, C6B Moropus, Ysengrinia, MN2 M1 NN2 Discoaster druggi Neogene "Paragloborotalia" kugleri CN1 b Zodiolestes Neogene culminating in a sustained cool Oligocene. Superposed N4 a Invertocysta Issiodoromys Theridomyidae Spreading rate history of South Atlantic 23.0 Aq1 NN1 tabulata MN1 bransatensis 23.0 D16 RP22 MP30 Mi1 35 The biostratigraphy of Cenozoic marine successions is well established using several microfossil groups. Calcareous nanno- C6C Nimravinae on this general climatic trend are several short-lived Reticulofenestra bisecta Membranophoridium Issiodoromys Issiodoromys un-zoned MP29 (>10 micron) a Tuberculodinium aspinatum Cyrtocapsella pseudanoema pseudanoema Cande-Kent 1995 fossils and planktonic foraminifera are the most widely used groups for biostratigraphy in open marine deposits, especially in vancampoae Lychnocanoma tetrapera oxygen- and carbon-isotope events that are useful for Issiodoromys O7 elongata MP28 Issiodoromys GTS 2004 C7 limognensis limognensis low- and mid-latitude settings. The reversal history of the Earth’s magnetic field has been the backbone of the Cenozoic corre- "Paragloborotalia" SBZ23 Distatodinium biffii global correlation. GTS 2012 pseudokugleri Issiodoromys Issiodoromys 30 25 C7A NP25 MP27 quercyi quercyi, 25 P22 RP(SH) Ar2 Dichobunidae Oi2c lations, especially between marine and terrestrial settings. Chattian 16 Chattian C8 c I. pauffiensis, O6 Anoplotheriidae CP19 RP21 MP26 The Neogene age model has astronomical tuning “downward” relative to the Present of magnetic polarity chrons and major mi- Arvernian Arikareean 25 Pentadinium laticinctum Plesiosorex, Deseadan D15 imaginatum Axoprunum? Issiodoromys pauffiensis Oi2b C9 Paragloborotalia opima Sphenolithus irregularis Paleogene Age Model crofossil and nannofossil datums. Ages for other marine biostratigraphic datums, terrestrial mammal zones, stable isotope distentus O5 SBZ22b Svalbardella Pseudotheridomys, Plagiolophus, cooksoniae 28.1 Parvericius Nyctitheriidae, Tabenbulakian 28.1 events and sea-level trends are mainly derived from correlations to this astronomically tuned bio-magnetostratigraphic scale Ch1 P21 b MP25 B. blainvillei Oi2a 20 NP24 Dorcadospyris Poebrotherium Blainvillimys Aquitanian 20 Chiloguembelina 23.03 Mioc. C10 Globigerina Saturnodinium ateuchus blainvillei O4 cubensis (LCO) pansum angulisuturalis Ar1 25 Tristylospyris Chattian SBZ22a Enneadocysta Palaeocastor nebraskensis, Blainvillimys Oi2* Spreading rate (km/myr) triceros Oligocene Sphenolithus ciperoensis a pectiniformis Plesioisminthus, Kalobatippus MP24 heimersheimensis 28.09 Issiodoromys minor P20 O3 30 C11 CP18 Apteodinium Rupelian 30 Sphenolithus distentus 30 Oligocene b spiridoides Rhombodinium RP(SH) Merycoidodon Pseudosciuridae, 33.9 15 draco 15 MP23 Blainvillimys helmeri, I. medius, Turborotalia B. helmeri 35 NP23 Viverridae Priabonian Rupelian ampliapertura CP17 Enneadocysta Oi2 Rupelian 37.8±0.5 P19 O2 arcuata RP20 B. gregarius, D14 Entelodon, 40 Bartonian Reticulofenestra Tinguirirican 41.2±0.5 Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Late Cretaceous Plagiolophus Pleist. Plio. umbilicus (south high lat.) a Whitneyan Protoceras MP22 C12 SBZ21 Suevian ministri, Oi1b 10 Blainvillimys gregarius, Primates Lutetian Reticulofenestra Issiodoromys medius 45 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Pseudohastigerina NP22 Wetzeliella Ischyromys, Bothriodon, Eocene umbilicus (low-mid lat.) Age (Ma) 47.8±0.2 naguewichiensis gochtii Mesohippus Bothriodon Spiniferites sp. 1 Oi1a Age in Ma P18 O1 Bothriodon 50 Hypertragulus Hsandagolian CP16 Coccolithus formosus D13 Chiropteridium (Manum et al., 1989) MP21 Palaeotherium Lithocyclia Axoprunum? calcaratus, Ypresian galea Orellan angusta irregularis Suoidea Brontotheriidae Rhinocerotidae, 33.9 NP21 Clausicoccus subdistichus Xiphodontidae, 33.9 Combined Age Model Ru1 (top of acme) Thalassiphora Areosphaeridium MP20 sue - fro Cricetidae, Mustersan Oi1 55 56.0 c Entelodon, Amphimerycidae C13 Hantkenina alabamensis reticulata diktyoplokum Lithocyclia Oromerycidae, E16 aristotelis medium - Castoridae Discoaster saipanensis Cylindrodontidae MP19 59.2 Thanetian RP19 group Ch3 Cricetidae, curtum P. m. medium P16 / SBZ20 Glaphyrocysta Palaeotherium 60 Selandian Mustelidae m. medium 61.6 Neogene & Quaternary Time Scale 35 P17 Globigerinatheka index Discoaster semitecta Ergilian 35 barbadiensis Palaeotherium P. muehlbergi Danian Larger Mega- C15 E15 muehlbergi thaleri, Paleocene NP19- thaleri, 65 66.04±0.05 AGE Polarity Dinoflagellate Cysts Radiolarians Cycles D12 b RP(SH) Ch2 Merycoidodon, pseudo - Isoptychus I. pseudo- Planktonic Foraminifera Benthic Calcareous Nannofossils Priabonian 20 14 Nimravidae Multituberculata, Priabonian (Ma) Epoch/Age Chron MP18 thaleri pseudosiderolithicus siderolithicus Cretaceous R T CP15 RP18 Apatotheria The astronomical tuning of the Cenozoic geomagnetic time Period (Stage) Foram. Northwestern Europe C16 SBZ19 70 Thalassiphora Holoc. 0.126 Tarantian NN21 CN15 Emiliania huxleyi Spiniferites elongatus RN17 Buccinosphaera invaginata LGM Globigerinatheka Isthmolithus recurvus Hyopsodus Headonian Barrancan 0 c fenestrata Calocyclas bandyca Chadronian Isoptychus vect - Palaeotherium 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 scale implies a considerable variation in spreading rates for b NN20 Pseudoemiliania RN16 semiinvoluta magnum, euzetensis Ch1 Entelodontidae, Ursidae, nanus Distance (km in S. Atlantic marine magnetic anomaly profile) 0.78 Ionian CN14 Gephyrocapsa lacunosa RN15 Collosphaera Stylatractus universus P15 E14 NP18 Chi. oamaruensis Heteraulacacysta Eucyrtidium MP17 b Isoptychus C1 Globorotalia tosaensis spp. reentrance Tectatodinium tuberosa (common) a Rhombodinium porosa RP17 Cryptocarpium azyx spinosum Bothriodon, Poebrotherium euzetensis the South Atlantic reference scale of marine magnetic N22 Pt1 pellitum RN14 ste-dep Lophiotherium, Ulangochuian (reemG event) 37.8 perforatum MP17 a 37.8 Calabrian Globigerinoides NN19 Discoaster Pr1 SBZ18 Quercygale a b C17 Palaeotherium fistulosus CN13 brouweri Anthocyrtidium angulare Chiasmolithus Rottnestia borussica Plesiadapiformes, anomalies. Following a slowing in the latest Cretaceous 1.81 Gephyrocapsa spp. RN13 oamaruensis castrense (=bmG event) Spiniferites Chiasmolithus b Du2 Nyctitheriidae robiacense Propalaeotherium, Discoaster (rare) Wetzeliella Ischyromys lautricense PL6 G. pseudomiocenica NN18 D21 pachyderma Pterocanium prismatium Morozovelloides grandis D11 L. stehlini, Gelasian C2 (Indo-Pac.) pentaradiatus simplex RP(SH) - Quaternary through Paleogene, spreading rates rose to a plateau for Pleistocene RN12b NP17 sidero- Hyrachyidae, 2.59 G. miocenica (Atl.) NN17 crassatus Heteraulacacysta? RP16 13 MP16 Leptolophus PL5 Atl. Discoaster surculus Anthocyrtidium jenghisi E13 a Rhombodinium lithicum stehlini Lophiodontidae, CN12 Invertocysta RN12a P14 porosum leptalea Du1 Anthracotheriidae, Canidae, CRZ Palaeotherium N20/ PL4 Atl. tabulata Amphicyonidae, Mesohippus, late Eocene through early Miocene, then have slowed to the Piacenzian D. altispira (Atl.) NN16 Bartonian Lophiodon castrense Bartonian PL5 Pac. Globorotalila Discoaster tamalis a RN11b Stichocorys peregrina Corrudinium Podocyrtis (Lampterium) Lithapium mitra Duchesnean N21 Orbulinoides SBZ17 b Rhombodinium Rhinocerotidae lautricense robiacense C2A miocenica (Atl.) Discoaster 40 C18 CP14 draco incompositum goetheana 40 3.6 PL4 Pac S. seminulina Spiniferites cf. beckmanni present day. A similar general conclusion was apparent asymmetricus RN11a P13 E12 Taeniodonta PL3 NN15 (FCO) Reticulofenestra pseudofurcatus Phormostichoartus fistula Orbulinoides RP15 Podocyrtis (Lampterium) Dentoglobigerina pseudoumbilicus Areoligera tauloma Sharamurunian NN14 CN11 RN10 chalara MP15 PL2 beckmanni Chiasmolithus
Load more

Recommended publications
  • South Dakota to Nebraska
    Geological Society of America Special Paper 325 1998 Lithostratigraphic revision and correlation of the lower part of the White River Group: South Dakota to Nebraska Dennis O. Terry, Jr. Department of Geology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0340 ABSTRACT Lithologic correlations between type areas of the White River Group in Nebraska and South Dakota have resulted in a revised lithostratigraphy for the lower part of the White River Group. The following pedostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic units, from oldest to youngest, are newly recognized in northwestern Nebraska and can be correlated with units in the Big Badlands of South Dakota: the Yellow Mounds Pale- osol Equivalent, Interior and Weta Paleosol Equivalents, Chamberlain Pass Forma- tion, and Peanut Peak Member of the Chadron Formation. The term “Interior Paleosol Complex,” used for the brightly colored zone at the base of the White River Group in northwestern Nebraska, is abandoned in favor of a two-part division. The lower part is related to the Yellow Mounds Paleosol Series of South Dakota and rep- resents the pedogenically modified Cretaceous Pierre Shale. The upper part is com- posed of the unconformably overlying, pedogenically modified overbank mudstone facies of the Chamberlain Pass Formation (which contains the Interior and Weta Paleosol Series in South Dakota). Greenish-white channel sandstones at the base of the Chadron Formation in Nebraska (previously correlated to the Ahearn Member of the Chadron Formation in South Dakota) herein are correlated to the channel sand- stone facies of the Chamberlain Pass Formation in South Dakota. The Chamberlain Pass Formation is unconformably overlain by the Chadron Formation in South Dakota and Nebraska.
    [Show full text]
  • The World at the Time of Messel: Conference Volume
    T. Lehmann & S.F.K. Schaal (eds) The World at the Time of Messel - Conference Volume Time at the The World The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 2011 Frankfurt am Main, 15th - 19th November 2011 ISBN 978-3-929907-86-5 Conference Volume SENCKENBERG Gesellschaft für Naturforschung THOMAS LEHMANN & STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL (eds) The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference Frankfurt am Main, 15th – 19th November 2011 Conference Volume Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung IMPRINT The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates 22nd International Senckenberg Conference 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Conference Volume Publisher PROF. DR. DR. H.C. VOLKER MOSBRUGGER Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Editors DR. THOMAS LEHMANN & DR. STEPHAN F.K. SCHAAL Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany [email protected]; [email protected] Language editors JOSEPH E.B. HOGAN & DR. KRISTER T. SMITH Layout JULIANE EBERHARDT & ANIKA VOGEL Cover Illustration EVELINE JUNQUEIRA Print Rhein-Main-Geschäftsdrucke, Hofheim-Wallau, Germany Citation LEHMANN, T. & SCHAAL, S.F.K. (eds) (2011). The World at the Time of Messel: Puzzles in Palaeobiology, Palaeoenvironment, and the History of Early Primates. 22nd International Senckenberg Conference. 15th – 19th November 2011, Frankfurt am Main. Conference Volume. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main. pp. 203.
    [Show full text]
  • PALEOGENE FOSSILS and the RADIATION of MODERN BIRDS HQ F
    The Auk 122(4):1049–1054, 2005 © The American Ornithologists’ Union, 2005. Printed in USA. OVERVIEW PALEOGENE FOSSILS AND THE RADIATION OF MODERN BIRDS Hq F. Jrx1 Division of Birds, MRC-116, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013, USA M birds arose mainly in 1989, Mayr and Manegold 2004), and others. the Neogene Period (1.8–23.8 mya), and mod- Paleogene fossils also document diverse extinct ern species mainly in the Plio-Pleistocene branches of the neornithine tree, ranging from (0.08–5.3 mya). Neogene fossil birds generally large pseudotoothed seabirds to giant fl ightless resemble modern taxa, and those that cannot land birds to small zygodactyl perching birds be a ributed to a modern genus or species (Ballmann 1969, Harrison and Walker 1976, can usually be placed in a modern family with Andors 1992). a fair degree of confi dence (e.g. Becker 1987, Before the Paleogene, fossils of putative neor- Olson and Rasmussen 2001). Fossil birds from nithine birds are sparse and fragmentary (Hope earlier in the Cenozoic can be more challeng- 2002), and their phylogenetic placement is all ing to classify. The fossil birds of the Paleogene the more equivocal. The Paleogene is thus a cru- (23.8–65.5 mya) are clearly a ributable to the cial time period for understanding the history of Neornithes (modern birds), and the earliest diversifi cation of birds, particularly with respect well-established records of most traditional to the deeper branches of the neornithine tree. orders and families of modern birds occur then.
    [Show full text]
  • Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • Uncorking the Bottle: What Triggered the Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum Methane Release? Miriame
    PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, VOL. 16, NO. 6, PAGES 549-562, DECEMBER 2001 Uncorking the bottle: What triggered the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum methane release? MiriamE. Katz,• BenjaminS. Cramer,Gregory S. Mountain,2 Samuel Katz, 3 and KennethG. Miller,1,2 Abstract. The Paleocene/Eocenethermal maximum (PETM) was a time of rapid global warming in both marine and continentalrealms that has been attributed to a massivemethane (CH4) releasefrom marine gas hydrate reservoirs. Previously proposedmechanisms for thismethane release rely on a changein deepwatersource region(s) to increasewater temperatures rapidly enoughto trigger the massivethermal dissociationof gas hydratereservoirs beneath the seafloor.To establish constraintson thermaldissociation, we modelheat flow throughthe sedimentcolumn and showthe effectof the temperature changeon the gashydrate stability zone throughtime. In addition,we provideseismic evidence tied to boreholedata for methanerelease along portions of the U.S. continentalslope; the releasesites are proximalto a buriedMesozoic reef front. Our modelresults, release site locations, published isotopic records, and oceancirculation models neither confirm nor refute thermaldissociation as the triggerfor the PETM methanerelease. In the absenceof definitiveevidence to confirmthermal dissociation,we investigatean altemativehypothesis in which continentalslope failure resulted in a catastrophicmethane release.Seismic and isotopic evidence indicates that Antarctic source deepwater circulation and seafloor erosion caused slope retreatalong
    [Show full text]
  • Clay Minerals at the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: Interpretations, Limits, and Perspectives
    minerals Review Clay Minerals at the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum: Interpretations, Limits, and Perspectives Fabio Tateo Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IGG-CNR) Padova, c/o Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università di Padova, Via Gradenigo 6, I-35131 Padova, Italy; [email protected] Received: 20 October 2020; Accepted: 26 November 2020; Published: 30 November 2020 Abstract: The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an “extreme” episode of environmental stress that affected the Earth in the past, and it has numerous affinities concerning the rapid increase in the greenhouse effect. It has left several biological, compositional, and sedimentary facies footprints in sedimentary records. Clay minerals are frequently used to decipher environmental effects because they represent their source areas, essentially in terms of climatic conditions and of transport mechanisms (a more or less fast travel, from the bedrocks to the final site of recovery). Clay mineral variations at the PETM have been studied by several authors in terms of climatic and provenance indicators, but also as tracers of more complicated interplay among different factors requiring integrated interpretation (facies sorting, marine circulation, wind transport, early diagenesis, etc.). Clay minerals were also believed to play a role in the recovery of pre-episode climatic conditions after the PETM exordium, by becoming a sink of atmospheric CO2 that is considered a necessary step to switch off the greenhouse hyperthermal effect. This review aims to consider the use of clay minerals made by different authors to study the effects of the PETM and their possible role as effective (simple) proxy tools for environmental reconstructions.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinaxiv:202107.00041V1 Chronostratigraphy, Biostratigraphy, Magnetostratigraphy
    ChinaXiv合作期刊 Stratigraphical significance of Ulantatal sequence (Nei Mongol, China) in refining the latest Eocene and Oligocene terrestrial regional stages Joonas WASILJEFF1* ZHANG Zhao-Qun2,3,4* (1 Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki P.O. Box 64, Helsinki 00014, Finland) (2 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044, China) (3 CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044, China) (4 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049, China) * Corresponding authors: [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Robust regional chronostratigraphic framework is the basis of understanding climatic and faunal events in the geologic history. One of the most dramatic faunal turnovers of the past 50 million years in Asia is linked to the Eocene–Oligocene Transition (EOT) at about 34 Ma. However, the chronostratigraphic relationships between faunal modulation and geologic events associated with the EOT in China have remained uncertain before and after the epoch boundaries, mainly due to the scarcity of continuous records and problems in correlating and subdividing the classic areas containing abundant mammalian fossils. Past decades have seen developments in establishing Chinese regional Paleogene Land Mammal Ages, and albeit many ages are well constrained, some, such as those of the latest Eocene and the Oligocene, have remained unsettled. In this paper, we present how recent evidence from the fossiliferous Ulantatal sequence, Nei Mongol, China, provides better constraints to the latest Eocene and Oligocene Chinese Land Mammal ages (Baiyinian, Ulantatalian, and Tabenbulukian).
    [Show full text]
  • Paleogene-Early Neogene Palynomorphs from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic and Southeastern Florida, USA: Biostratigraphy and Paleoenvironmental Implications
    Scholars' Mine Doctoral Dissertations Student Theses and Dissertations Spring 2018 Paleogene-Early Neogene palynomorphs from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic and Southeastern Florida, USA: Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental implications Walaa K. Awad Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations Part of the Geology Commons, and the Geophysics and Seismology Commons Department: Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Recommended Citation Awad, Walaa K., "Paleogene-Early Neogene palynomorphs from the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic and Southeastern Florida, USA: Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental implications" (2018). Doctoral Dissertations. 2665. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/2665 This thesis is brought to you by Scholars' Mine, a service of the Missouri S&T Library and Learning Resources. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i PALEOGENE-EARLY NEOGENE PALYNOMORPHS FROM THE EASTERN EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC AND SOUTHEASTERN FLORIDA, USA: BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS by WALAA KAMALELDEEN AWAD A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in GEOLOGY and GEOPHYSICS 2018 Approved by Francisca Oboh-Ikuenobe, Advisor John Hogan David Wronkiewicz Wan Yang Lucy Edwards ii © 2018 Walaa Kamaleldeen Awad All Rights Reserved iii To my daughters, Hala and Sara iv PUBLICATION DISSERTATION OPTION This dissertation consists of the following five articles which have been submitted for publication, or will be submitted for publication as follows: Paper I, pages 3-71 have been accepted by JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Nature and Chronostratigraphic Position of the Rupelian and Chattian Stratotypes in the Southern North Sea Basin
    3 Articles 3 by Ellen De Man1,2, Stefaan Van Simaeys1,2, Noël Vandenberghe1, W. Burleigh Harris3, J. Marion Wampler4 On the nature and chronostratigraphic position of the Rupelian and Chattian stratotypes in the southern North Sea basin 1 Department Earth and Enviromental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Now at ExxonMobil Oil Indonesia Inc., Jl. Jend. Sudirman 28, Jakarta 10210 Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3 Department of Geography and Geology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA. E-mail:[email protected] 4 School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0340, USA. E-mail:[email protected] The nature and chronostratigraphic position of the different from the area in which historically the unit stratotype of the Rupelian-Chattian boundary (Early-Late Oligocene) stage itself was defined. As a consequence, it is a common challenge unconformity in its historical type region (Belgium) is to define boundaries in such a way that the full stratigraphic range of the historical stratotypes is respected as much as possible. It is essential examined using biostratigraphy, strontium isotope dating to do so for continuity in stratigraphic communication. of benthic foraminifera and K-Ar dating of glauconites. This situation has occurred in the search for a GSSP definition of The duration of this unconformity is derived from the the boundary between the two Oligocene stages, the Rupelian and the absence of the globally synchronous Svalbardella dinocyst Chattian. Historically, like several other Paleogene stages, the Rupelian event associated with the important mid-Oligocene Oi2b and the Chattian have been defined in the North Sea Basin area of Western Europe (Pomerol, 1981).
    [Show full text]
  • DSA10 Dawson
    Mary R. Dawson Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh Paleogene rodents of Eurasia Dawson, M.R., 2003 - Paleogene rodents of Eurasia - in: Reumer, J.W.F. & Wessels, W. (eds.) - DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATION OF TERTIARY MAMMALS IN EURASIA. A VOLUME IN HONOUR OF HANS DE BRUIJN - DEINSEA 10: 97-126 [ISSN 0923-9308] Published 1 December 2003 Soon after their Asian origin in the Late Paleocene, rodents began a morphological radiation and geographic expansion that extended across the entire Holarctic and at least northern Africa. Following this initial dispersal, a relatively high degree of endemism developed among Eocene rodents of both Europe and Asia. Only the family Ischyromyidae was shared by Europe and Asia, but the ischyromyid genera of the two areas were highly divergent. Eocene endemic development appears to have been complete among the glirids and theridomyids of Europe and the ctenodacty- loids of Asia. The evolution of Cylindrodontidae, Eomyidae, Zapodidae, and Cricetidae in Asian Eocene faunas occurred independently of contemporary rodent faunal developments in Europe. Following the latest Eocene or early Oligocene regression of the marine barrier between Europe and Asia, marked faunal changes occurred as a result both of the evolution of new rodent families (e.g., Aplodontidae, Castoridae, Sciuridae) that accompanied climatic changes of the later Eocene and of changes in rodent distribution across the Holarctic. Within Europe, the theridomorphs were at last negatively impacted, but the glirids appear not to have been adversely affected. In the Asian Oligocene, the ctenodactyloids continued to be a prominent part of rodent faunas, although they were diminished in morphologic diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • New Paroxyclaenid Mammals from the Early Eocene of the Paris Basin
    Published in "Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17(20): 1711–1743, 2019" which should be cited to refer to this work. New paroxyclaenid mammals from the early Eocene of the Paris Basin (France) shed light on the origin and evolution of these endemic European cimolestans aà b c d Floreal Sole , Olivia Plateau ,Kevin Le Verger and Alain Phelizon aDirectorate Earth and History of Life, Palaeobiosphere Evolution Research Unit, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B–1000 Brussels, Belgium; bUniversite de Fribourg, Faculte des sciences, Departement de geosciences, Chemin du musee 6, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland; cCR2P–MNHN, UPMC-Paris 6 (Sorbonne Universites)–Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 38, 8 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France; dSocieted’Etude des Sciences Naturelles de Reims, 122 bis, rue du Barbatre,^ 51100 Reims, France We present new species of an enigmatic family of mammals, which is endemic to Europe, the Paroxyclaenidae: Merialus bruneti sp. nov., Fratrodon tresvauxi gen. et sp. nov., Paraspaniella gunnelli gen. et sp. nov., and Sororodon tresvauxae gen. et sp. nov. The fossils described come from six localities of the Ypresian of the Paris Basin (France): Pourcy (MP7), Mutigny, Avenay, Conde-en-Brie (MP8 þ 9), Grauves and Premontre (MP10). They allow the description of three new genera and four new species belonging to the subfamilies Merialinae and Paroxyclaeninae. Two of these new species represent the earliest occurrence of each subfamily. Fossils from Mutigny, Avenay and Conde-en- Brie indicate that merialines were more abundant than paroxyclaenines during the Ypresian. Surprisingly, merialines disappeared from the fossil record at the end of the Ypresian – the youngest records are close to MP10 – while the paroxyclaenines were present in Europe until the end of the middle Eocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Sarah N. Davis Curriculum Vitae Jackson School of Geosciences [email protected] the University of Texas at Austin Sarahndavis.Weebly.Com
    Sarah N. Davis Curriculum Vitae Jackson School of Geosciences [email protected] The University of Texas at Austin sarahndavis.weebly.com EDUCATION 2016 - Present Ph.D.* The University of Texas at Austin, Geological Sciences Advisor: Julia Clarke 2016 B.S. The University of Arizona, Biology with Honors, Cum Laude 2016 B.A. The University of Arizona, French Language Cum Laude GRANTS, SCHOLARSHIPS, AND FELLOWSHIPS (total awarded: $156,230) 2019 Whitney Endowed Presidential Scholarship in Paleontology ($3,500) Heese Research Award, the American Ornithological Society ($1,230) 2018 Broquet Charl Memorial Fellowship ($12,000) 2017 NSF Graduate Research Fellowship ($102,000 over three years) Lundelius Research Grant ($1,500) 2012 - 2016 Regents High Honors Endorsement Scholarship ($36,000 over four years) HONORS AND AWARDS 2019 Academic Enrichment Award, The University of Texas Award to support invited speakers for our seminar series 2018 Off Campus Research Award, Jackson School of Geosciences Analytical Research Award, Jackson School of Geosciences 2017 Outstanding Teaching Assistant, Jackson School of Geosciences 2016 Excellence in Undergraduate Research, The University of Arizona 2015 Lucretia B Hamilton Emerging Researcher Award, The University of Arizona 2015 - 2016 Dean’s List: The University of Arizona College of Science POSITIONS 2016 - Present PhD Candidate, The University of Texas at Austin Graduate Dissertation Research 2016 - 2018 Teaching Assistant, The University of Texas at Austin 2014 - 2016 Undergraduate Research Assistant, The University of Arizona REU and Thesis work with Alexander Badyaev 2014 Fossil Preparator and Scientific Illustrator, GeoDécor Fossils and Minerals ARTICLES IN REVIEW 1. Davis, S.N., Torres, C.R., Musser, G.M., Proffitt, J.V., Crouch, N.M.A., and Clarke, J.A.
    [Show full text]