THE January 2006 LEGIONARY A Publication of the Sons of Confederate Veterans Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton Camp #273 Columbia, S.C. www.wadehamptoncamp.org “A Fraternal Organization of Southern Men” Come Kick Off 2006 at Lee-Jackson Banquet new year is upon us and with it the opportunity to make new beginnings and remember hallowed traditions. A And what better place to do so than the 2006 Lee-Jack- son Banquet, which marks the first event of the new year for the Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton Camp. Instead of our traditional Thursday meeting, the Lee-Jackson Banquet will be held Friday, Jan. 20 at For Tickets Seawell’s. Contact Compatriots from both the Lt. Gen. Farroll Gunter at: Wade Hampton Camp and the Palmetto (803) 957-6722; Camp will meet as the Hampton Camp Cell: (803) 609-2978; consolidates its January meeting with 136 Rose Lake Road, the annual Lee-Jackson Banquet. Lexington, SC 29072 The featured speaker will be Dr. Ter- [email protected] ry Rude, past S.C. Division Chaplain. Dr. Rude is a wonderful speaker and it’s an honor to hear his presentation on Generals Lee and Jackson. Also, a grand introduction of both camps’ new Commanders The Banquet begins at 7 p.m. and runs until 9:30 p.m. Dress is will be made, including incoming Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton Com- coat & tie, period dress and Redshirts. A “Firm Reservation” card mander Tommy Rollings, who will replace Jeff O’Cain. is included in this month’s Legionary, to help make reservations. In Mid-18th Century, One in Five New Yorkers was Chattel By Peter Kolchin aware of the first two of these facts but ignorant of the third, and Wall Street Journal herein lie both the many strengths and the occasional limitations NEW YORK - Let’s begin with three facts. In the middle of the of this lavish display. 18th century, slaves constituted about one-fifth of New York City’s The largest exhibit in the 201-year history of the New-York population. Slavery persisted in New York well into the 19th cen- Historical Society, “Slavery in New York” was prepared by a tury. distinguished team of historians headed by James Oliver Horton, Although male slaves outnumbered females in rural New York, Benjamin Banneker Professor of History and American Studies at in the city there was an increasing surplus of women over men. George Washington University, and supported by 17 “scholarly After viewing the exhibit under review, visitors are likely to be See Slavery, Page 4 Swords of Hampton, Butler Back in S.C. Clues to Hunley’s By Joe Long The leather finger-loop inside its grip ade Hampton III grew up with attests that this is a weapon intended for a Fate May Lie in Port his grandfather’s Revolutionary skilled swordsman, and a chivalrous Span- Scientists chipping away the hard layer sword over the mantlepiece, and ish motto graces the blade: “Draw me not of mud that covers the submarine H.L. W Hunley have discovered that a view port to a heritage of valor. without reason; sheathe me not without hon- As a Confederate cavalry leader he would or.” Before the end of the 19th Century, that on the front of the vessel is missing. carve his own battlefield reputation with a sword was donated to the Museum of the If no pieces of the view port are found long, double-edged imported Prussian blade, Confederacy in Richmond. in the ship, then it is possible the tower famous across the South in his time. See Swords, Page 5 See Hunley, Page 2 Upcoming Year Represents Opportunity for Camp would like to take this opportunity to program. let each of you know about my plans as Commander’s Corner I am going to ask for each of you to I Commander for 2006. help the Camp continue the unbelievable I plan on keeping the company structure successes we have reaped in our first two intact, but possibly reducing the number of Tommy Rollings years. companies to four. Our 2006 event promises to be our fin- There has been a little shuffling of Com- est hour. There is something each man in Associate and our Chief Chaplain. Those pany Commanders and their officers, and the Camp can do to help, no matter how interested in becoming Chaplains should some new men have been brought into the large or small the contribution. contact Chaplain Slimp. leadership ranks. You may just find yourself having a The wearing of name tags at meetings I am pleased to announce we have a new great time and meeting some hardworking is a great idea, and I plan to continue the Camp Surgeon, and dedicated individuals in the process. practice. Remember Robert Spigner. I look forward to hearing from you in I also like the fact that we can all recog- In place of the regu- From the infor- the coming year. If you need to contact nize our guests by the red ink on their name lar monthly meeting, mation I am able me, I have set up a new e-mail address: tag. Lets all remember to seek these folks the Lee-Jackson Ban- to gather, Robert [email protected]. out at meetings and welcome them into the quet will be held on will be only the Please note: There will be no Thursday fold. Friday, Jan. 20. There second man to Camp meeting in January! I would like to see the individual com- will be no Thursday fill the position. We will roll our normal Camp meeting panies participating in some sort of fellow- meeting this month. Robert will into our Lee/Jackson Banquet on Friday, ship activities throughout the year to help not be simply Jan. 20. This was done to help remove the keep our newer Compatriots involved and manning a post. He and I have met and he strains on our finances and time that hav- keep their Confederate fires burning. has quite a full platter of duties to the Camp ing meetings on back to back nights may I also believe that we can regain our and the Battle for Columbia event. cause. momentum in growth by actively recruit- I still hope to see some newer members It is important that everyone planning to ing new members. Remember, if each one stepping up and assuming some responsi- attend contact Farroll Gunter immediately recruits one, we can double the size of our bilities to the Camp. to get a reservation. Camp in no time. Our Chaplains Corp is being rebuilt by We need to be able to give Seawell’s a I believe that we have a great opportu- Chief Chaplain Robert Slimp. Chaplain proper head count to keep the Camp from nity to fulfill our obligations to The Charge Slimp has joined the Redshirt Rider Camp paying for unused plates. with the Battle for Columbia living history but has agreed to stay on with us as an I’ll see y’all there! Hunley was knocked off when the sub sank. That find is that we don’t find a damaged viewport, mud in other parts of the ship. would conflict with the prevailing theory we find one completely missing.” “It makes now more important than ever that the tower was blown in by an enemy Other evidence uncovered in the restora- to examine the front tower and hatch and de- warship, causing the Hunley to fill with wa- tion process indicates that the crew of the termine if the hatch was in fact completely ter. Union’s Housatonic may have spotted the fastened or was injured by potentially the As scientists break away the concretion Hunley because the glow of lights likely damage from the front eyepiece,” McConnell covering the Hunley, they are finding clues seeped through the view port on the front said. that they hope will explain why the historic conning tower. He said with the removal of the concre- vessel disappeared right after it became the Unlike other deadlights running along the tion, the Hunley Commission could begin to first submarine ever to sink an enemy war- top of the submarine, the lights on the conning see “a discovery a month.” ship in 1864. tower did not have covers to block the glow The slow process of removing the mate- “Any damage to those viewports could of candles. Records indicate that the Hunley rial is just about 5 percent complete, he said. have been fatal to the Hunley,” said state Sen. was spotted and fired on moments before its Given the pace, he said scientists are prob- Glenn McConnell, R-Charleston and chair- crew shot a torpedo at the Housatonic. ably 10 to 12 months away from uncovering man of the South Carolina Hunley Commis- The new clues are heightening interest in the mystery of why the Hunley failed to re- sion. “What is significant therefore about the what is hidden behind a century of packed turn after its mission.

Charge to the Sons of Confederate Veterans The Legionary “To you, Sons of Confederate Veterans, we will commit the vindication of the cause for is the official publication of the Lt. Gen. Wade which we fought. To your strength will be given the defense of the Confederate soldier’s Hampton Camp, No. 273, Sons of Confederate Veterans, Columbia, S.C. Individuals interested good name, the guardianship of his history, the emulation of his virtues, the perpetuation in joining the Camp or the SCV should of those principles which he loved and which you love also, and those ideals which made contact the following individuals: him glorious and which you also cherish.” Commander Tommy Rollings (803) 791-1130 -Lt. General Stephen Dill Lee, New Orleans, La., April 25, 1906. Adjutant Layne Waters (803) 798-2429

2 Lee’s Humility, Reverence, Loyalty a Lesson for All very January, all over the South, real in that a professional could Southerners meet to raise a glass of possibly hope for. Ebuttermilk or lemonade to toast the Furthermore he had birthdays of Generals Robert E. Lee and come to the conclusion that Stonewall Jackson, our two greatest mili- slaves should be freed, and tary heroes. Lee’s birthday is Jan. 19 and he had set the example of Jackson’s is Jan. 21. freeing his own. As a profes- No American general comes close to sional soldier, he must have matching their battlefield accomplishments known that the Confederate until World War II when we get to Generals States would be outmanned, Douglas Macarthur and George S. Patton. outgunned, outrailroaded Though they were on the losing side, and out industralized almost both Lee and Jackson are universally ad- from the beginning. mired the world over and their tactics are He also knew that the still studied in all major military acad- Southern coast would be emies. blockaded with in a very few months. He knew that the South, without a miracle Chaplain’s Pulpit would lose the unequal con- test. A lesser man who put Robert Slimp ambition first would have accepted the offered posi- Following the War for Southern Indepen- tion. dence, Lee was showered with offiers of lu- But Lee could not bear to crative jobs both in his own country and the make war on his native state United Kingdom. Virginia, which he consid- Lee, unlike today’s lesser generals who ered his country and where He had heard that Lee and his family leap at book contracts and fat fees despite a all of his family and friends didn’t have enough to eat, and having served rather mediocre record, refused to profit from lived. with him, could not stand that thought. the fame earned at the expense of so many He declined the offer and resigned his Lee’s sons were assuring him that no one young men’s lives. commission. He accepted the position as was hungry, when General Lee came to the He turned down the gifts and the job offers commander of all Virginia troops and later door. and instead accepted the position of president as commander-in-chief of the Confeder- He convinced the sergeant that he would of Washington College (now Washington and ate Army (late in the war). He showed such accept the gift only if he could give it to the Lee). His salary was $1,500 per year. brilliance on the battlefield, that he is ranked wounded men in the hospital. Americans in all regions would do well among the greats in the history of mankind. The sergeant grabbed Lee in a bearhug to recommend Lee’s life as a model for their Indeed his tactical genius kept the South alive and said, with tears streaming down his face, sons. Lee came as close to being perfect as a much longer than would otherwise have been “Goodbye, General Lee. God bless ye. You’re human being can be in this life. possible. still thinking of your men and we all love ye He was tall, handsome and brilliant. He More than one of his generals said of Lee, for it.’’ finished second in his class at West Point “As a soldier the men respected him; as a I doubt if any sergeant has hugged a gen- without a single demerit. He married Mary man they loved him.” eral since then. Curtis, a direct descendant of George Wash- During the conflict he shared the hardships ington and, again unlike some of our leaders of the men, often sleeping on the ground. Any these days, kept his wedding vows and loved presents sent to him were passed along to his and cherished his wife. men. He wore a plain uniform. He never Research Problems?? Lee was a hero long before the South se- spoke ill of anyone, even his enemies. He al- ceded from the Union. He was a true hero of ways gave God credit for his victories, but he the Mexican War and showed such sterling always accepted personal responsibility for The SCV can help. For complete character, both in the war and as superinten- his defeats. He was a devout Christian. dent of West Point that he was the first choice His son tells a story that illustrates how assistance in all aspects of lineage to lead the Yankee armies in their invasion of revered he was. After the war, Lee’s sons & genealogy contact: the South. answered a knock on the front door in Lex- Jim Harley Now think for a moment what a decision ington. [email protected] Lee faced. They found a big Irish sergeant still wear- (803) 772-8080 He was by choice a professional soldier, ing his old Confederate uniform, but carrying and he was being offered the highest position a big basket of food. 3 Slavery advisors” including such luminaries as Co- There is little in this exhibit, for ex- lumbia University’s Eric Foner and Yale’s ample, on the actual lives of the slaves, David Blight. It is accompanied by a hand- on changing slave demography, or on some companion volume, also titled “Slav- how slave experiences varied according to ery in New York,” edited by historians Ira age, sex, occupation or place of birth. (It Berlin and Leslie M. Harris. is worth noting that the “Slavery in New The exhibit uses an impressive variety York” volume does cover such themes, and of items--maps, ledgers, correspondence, will therefore be of great interest to visitors newspapers and artwork - supplemented in search of a fuller picture.) by extensive written texts, artistic re-cre- But what is perhaps most surprising ations, video re-enactments, and interactive is the lack of context provided for under- displays to present the chronological sweep standing slavery in New York. of slavery in New York City. The exhibit properly emphasizes the Beginning with a background unit on prevalence of slavery there - the proportion the slave trade from Africa to the Americas, of slaves in both urban and rural New York the exhibit covers the early development of was greater than elsewhere in the northern slavery under the Dutch, before the British colonies - but surely it is also important takeover and renaming of New Amsterdam to explain that slavery was less central to in 1664; the continued expansion of slavery the economy and social order in New York under the British; slave resistance, includ- than it was in Virginia or South Carolina ing flight, rebellion, and support for the (let alone Caribbean colonies such as Ja- British during the American Revolution; maica or Saint Domingue, where the vast gradual emancipation, beginning in 1799; majority of the population was enslaved). and the growth of a free black community, That, of course, explains why it was so whose members built churches, schools much easier to abolish slavery in New York and voluntary associations while enduring than it was in the South: In the wake of the growing racial discrimination. Jefferson Davis, seen here while he was president American Revolution, every state north of of the“No Confederate subject States of America.has been New York State’s constitution of 1821 Delaware initiated the abolition of slavery, abolished property qualifications for vot- more generally misunder- whereas none of the Southern states did. ing among white men, but set a minimum Finally, from a historian’s perspective it threshold of $250 for black men; five years stood or more persistently is noteworthy that this exhibit gives little later, there were only 16 African-American misrepresented.” sense of slavery as a source of lively schol- voters in New York County. arly debate. “Slavery in New York” provides an -Jefferson Davis Most viewers, no doubt, would quickly outstanding introduction to what will be a historians Horton and Harris on two adja- tire of a detailed presentation of the ins shocking story for many viewers unaware cent video screens as they discussed the va- and outs of conflicting historical interpre- of the extent to which slavery permeated garies of New York’s emancipation legisla- tations, but in avoiding discussion of how life in New York during the city’s first two tion. Few visitors to this exhibit will come our understanding of slavery has changed centuries. away unmoved by the presence, dimension over the years, and how at any given point On the Saturday afternoon that I visited and horror of slavery in New York. in time experts continue to disagree over the museum, the large and attentive crowd Indeed, the exhibit is so good that I can’t important questions (such as slave rebel- of visitors seemed particularly interested in help wishing it was even better. liousness), the exhibit’s creators missed a a listing of restrictive laws, which included One of the limitations faced by its chance to show that knowledge about slav- the 1702 provision, “Masters may punish creators is the paucity of slavery-related ery is not simply “there” but is constantly their slaves however they choose so long artifacts at their disposal, a paucity that being created and contested - in short, that as they do not cut off their limbs or kill explains their heavy reliance on text and the study of slavery is a vital and continu- them.” re-created text-based visual evidence. ing intellectual enterprise. Other viewers studied a newspaper ad- There are no paintings with images of Perhaps I am asking for too much. There vertisement for a fugitive “negro wench black New Yorkers dating from before the is no perfection in this world, and “Slavery nam’d Pegg” who was described in some 1790s, so it is hardly surprising that the ex- in New York” is a very good exhibit. You detail as “of a yellowish complexion” with hibit provides a richer display of free black should go see it. a smooth face, a crooked middle finger, and life in the early 19th century than of slave Mr. Kolchin, the Henry Clay Reed Pro- a character that was “sensible, cunning, and life in the preceding decades. fessor of History at the University of Dela- artful.” Beyond the scarcity of artifacts lies the ware, is the author of “American Slavery, Still others pushed buttons to hear six problem of how to convey historical con- 1617-1877” (rev. ed., Hill & Wang, 2003) different “cries of New York,” including cepts visually, or grapple with such his- and other books on slavery and emancipa- those of vendors selling sweet potatoes, torical staples as complexity, context and tion. buttermilk and baked pears, and watched causation. 4 Important January Dates to Remember In the Confederation Notable Confederate Birthdays Jan. 5: Brig. Gen. John D. Kennedy, Camden Jan. 5: Brig. Gen. Thomas Neville Waul, Sumter District What’s Going On Jan. 8: Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, Edgefield District Jan. 8: Brig. Gen. Thomas Green* Compatriot Hutson to Jan. 11: Brig. Gen. Richard Griffith* Undergo Surgery Jan. 15: Maj. Gen. John C. Breckinridge Jan. 18: Brig. Gen. Lloyd Tilghman* Keep Compatriot Marion Hutson in Jan. 18: Brig. Gen. James Chestnut, Jr., Camden your prayers as he undergoes spinal fusion Jan. 19: Gen. Robert E. Lee surgery on Jan. 13 at Palmetto Richland Jan. 19: Brig. Gen. Henry Gray, Laurens District Hospital. Jan. 21: Lt. Gen. Thomas “Stonewall’’ Jackson* Marion, one of the Lt. Gen Wade Hamp- Jan. 23: Brig. Gen. John R. Chambliss, Jr.* ton Camp’s most active members, will be Jan. 24: Brig. Gen. John Pegram* at the hospital for nearly a week afterward Jan. 27: Lt. Gen. Richard Taylor and recovery is expected to take approxi- Jan. 29: Maj. Gen. Franklin Gardner mately a year. His good cheer will be missed at the *Died in Confederate service Lee-Jackson Banquet on Jan. 20, but let’s Coming Events hope he can make it to the February camp Jan. 20: Lee-Jackson Banquet, Seawell’s meeting. Feb. 16: Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton Camp meeting, Seawell’s Tools Sought to Repair Swords Now, more than a century Confederates who had ex- Geiger Cemetery Gate later, it has returned to South Confederate pected to fight as cavaliers were The gate at Geiger Cemetery, where Carolina for the first time. often used more like mounted several Confederate soldiers are buried, is The battle-worn Kraft, Relic Room infantry, especially after Wade 301 Gervais Street in need of repair. Goldschidt and Kraft sabre and Hampton took over the Army Columbia Anyone in the Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton its scabbard will be featured in of Northern Virginia’s cavalry (803) 737-8095 Camp with the tools and willingness to the Confederate Relic Room’s after J.E.B. Stuart’s death. www.state.sc.us/crr help drill through brick supports in order newest exhibit, “Flashing Sa- Yet Hampton still relished a Tuesday-Saturday; 10 to rehang the gate is asked to contact Scott bers, Thundering Hooves: sabre charge when the tactical a.m.- 5 p.m. James at [email protected], or by South Carolina’s Confederate situation called for it. First Sunday of each calling (803) 781-1836. Cavalry.” In fact one of his most suc- month; 1 p.m.- 5 p.m. Remember, many of the men buried in The exhibit, opening at cessful was in March of 1865, Geiger Cemetery are the former inhabitants the end of January 2006, will when he took General Judson of the Confederate Veterans Home that use feature cavalry artifacts from the Relic Kilpatrick’s camp by surprise at dawn. to sit at the corner of Confederate Avenue Room’s own collection as well as loans A soldier near him in line reported and Bull Street. Several of their wives are from the Museum of the Confederacy and that he drew his sabre before ordering the buried next to them. the Atlanta History Center. charge, and “fought as though a private that Other featured artifacts will include day.” Trial Set in Confederate General M.C. Butler’s sword and scabbard A month after his home, Millwood, had (presented to him by Hampton’s sisters), the been burned by Sherman’s troops, he re- Prom Dress Case battleflag and three company guidons from tained his fighting spirit. An August trial has been set for a woman the 3rd Battalion, South Carolina Cavalry, And by the terms of Johnston’s con- who sued a Kentucky school district for turn- and a pair of original saddles, one civilian vention with Sherman at the war’s end, he ing her away from her senior prom for wear- manufactured and the other Army-issue. retained his sword after the war as well. ing a Confederate flag-themed prom dress. (Compared to Hampton’s identical That storied blade will remain in our state Jacqueline Duty sued the Russell Indepen- sword, Butler’s shows very little wear - no through 2006, a privilege which the Relic dent Board of Education in December 2004, surprise, since he was well-known for often Room appreciates keenly. alleging the school system violated her First leading his men into battle carrying no per- We look forward to seeing Camp mem- Amendment right to free speech and her right sonal weapon beyond his riding crop.) bers at our new exhibit - and bring along to express her heritage. She also is suing for The role of cavalry changed drastically any stray youngsters you can round up. defamation and assault. during the war. Remember, anyone under 21 is free at Also named in the lawsuit are Sean How- Advances in weaponry made horsemen our museum, and cultivating a love of Con- ard, the principal of Russell High School, more vulnerable on the battlefield, but their federate history in the next generations is and Ronnie Back, retired superintendent of great mobility made them the ideal scouts one of the most important things you can Russell Independent Schools. and raiders. do to fulfill the Charge. 5 Important Dates in the War of Northern Aggression Next Camp Meeting

Jan. 1, 1863: Confederates under Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder recapture Galvaston, Friday, Jan. 20 Texas, routing three companies of the 42nd Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Jan. 2, 1863: Confederates and Federals battle at Stones River, Tenn., where more than 23,000 soldiers are killed, wounded or captured in three days of fighting. Jan. 9, 1861: Citadel Cadets turn back The Star of the West, a Union ship loaded with more than 200 Federal troops attempting to reinforce Fort Sumter. This action was the first in the War Between The States. Jan. 9, 1861: Mississippi secedes from the Union. Jan. 10, 1861: Florida secedes from the Union. Jan. 11, 1861: Alabama secedes from the Union. Jan. 17, 1864: Southern forces under Lt. Gen. James Longstreet rebuff Federals at Dandridge, Tenn., but are unable to pursue fleeing Yankees because of a lack of supplies. Jan. 19, 1861: Georgia secedes from the Union. Jan. 26, 1861: Louisiana secedes from the Union. 7 p.m. at Seawell’s Jan. 29, 1863: Union troops massacre Shoshoni Indians at Boa Ogoi, Idaho. Restaurant, on Rosewood Words To Remember Scripture Thought “The contest is not over, the strife is not ended. It has only entered upon a new and “I will say to the North, give up.” enlarged arena.” - Isaiah 43:6 -Jefferson Davis

THE LEGIONARY Official Publication of the Sons of Confederate Veterans Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton Camp #273 A Non-Profit Organization January 2006 Issue

R. Dietrich, Editor 205 Coopers Hawk Circle Irmo, SC 29063

www.wadehamptoncamp.org