The Challenge of Visakhi Devinderjit Singh Los Alamos National Laboratory (June, 1989)
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Guru Tegh Bahadur
Second Edition: Revised and updated with Gurbani of Guru Tegh Bahadur. GURU TEGH BAHADUR (1621-1675) The True Story Gurmukh Singh OBE (UK) Published by: Author’s note: This Digital Edition is available to Gurdwaras and Sikh organisations for publication with own cover design and introductory messages. Contact author for permission: Gurmukh Singh OBE E-mail: [email protected] Second edition © 2021 Gurmukh Singh © 2021 Gurmukh Singh All rights reserved by the author. Except for quotations with acknowledgement, no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or medium without the specific written permission of the author or his legal representatives. The account which follows is that of Guru Tegh Bahadur, Nanak IX. His martyrdom was a momentous and unique event. Never in the annals of human history had the leader of one religion given his life for the religious freedom of others. Tegh Bahadur’s deed [martyrdom] was unique (Guru Gobind Singh, Bachittar Natak.) A martyrdom to stabilize the world (Bhai Gurdas Singh (II) Vaar 41 Pauri 23) ***** First edition: April 2017 Second edition: May 2021 Revised and updated with interpretation of the main themes of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Gurbani. References to other religions in this book: Sikhi (Sikhism) respects all religious paths to the One Creator Being of all. Guru Nanak used the same lens of Truthful Conduct and egalitarian human values to judge all religions as practised while showing the right way to all in a spirit of Sarbatt da Bhala (wellbeing of all). His teachings were accepted by most good followers of the main religions of his time who understood the essence of religion, while others opposed. -
Guru Gobind Singh
GURU GOBIND SINGH MADHU KALIMIPALLI Coin depicting Guru Gobind Singh from 1747 CE BIRTH OF GURU GOBIND SINGH • Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1661 - 1708), born "Gobind Rai" at Patna Sahib, Bihar, India, was the tenth and last of the ’Human form of Gurus’ of Sikhism. • He was born to Mata Gujri and Guru Tegh Bahadur Jin in 1661. • He became Guru on November 24, 1675 at the age of nine, following the martyrdom of his father, the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. GURU GOBIND SINGH LAST OF 10 SIKH GURUS The ten Sikh gurus in order are: • Guru Tegh Bahadur (1665 - 1675). • Guru Nanak (1469 - 1539). ... • Guru Gobind Singh (1675 - 1708). • Guru Angad (1539 - 1552). ... • Guru Amar Das (1552 - 1574). ... • Guru Ram Das (1574 - 1581). ... • Guru Gobind Singh was the last of the • Guru Arjan (1581 - 1606). ... human gurus. He introduced the Khalsa, • Guru Hargobind (1606 - 1644). ... or ‘pure ones’ and the ‘five Ks'. Just before he died in 1708, he proclaimed • Guru Har Rai (1644 - 1661). ... Guru Granth Sahib - the Sikh scripture - • Guru Har Krishan (1661 - 1664). as the future guru. Guru Gobind Singh with his horse LIFE OF GURU GOBIND SINGH • Guru Gobind Singh was a divine messenger, a warrior, a poet, and a philosopher. • He was born to advance righteousness and Dharma , emancipate the good, and destroy all evil-doers. • He molded the Sikh religion into its present shape, with the institution of the Khalsa fraternity, and the completion of the sacred scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib Ji, in the Before leaving his mortal body in 1708, Guru Gobind Singh final form that we see today. -
CIN/BCIN Company/Bank Name
Note: This sheet is applicable for uploading the particulars related to the unclaimed and unpaid amount pending with company. Make sure that the details are in accordance with the information already provided in e‐form IEPF‐2 CIN/BCIN L34101PN1961PLC015735 Prefill Company/Bank Name GABRIEL INDIA LIMITED Date Of AGM(DD‐MON‐YYYY) 08‐AUG‐2018 Sum of unpaid and unclaimed dividend 1353233.00 Sum of interest on matured debentures 0.00 Sum of matured deposit 0.00 Sum of interest on matured deposit 0.00 Sum of matured debentures 0.00 Sum of interest on application money due for refund 0.00 Sum of application money due for refund 0.00 Redemption amount of preference shares 0.00 Sales proceed for fractional shares 0.00 Validate Clear Proposed Date of Investor First Investor Middle Investor Last Father/Husband Father/Husband Father/Husband Last DP Id‐Client Id‐ Amount Address Country State District Pin Code Folio Number Investment Type transfer to IEPF Name Name Name First Name Middle Name Name Account Number transferred (DD‐MON‐YYYY) BALKRISHNA KADAM NA M/S G D BAGRI 220 STOCK EXCHANGINDIA MAHARASHTRA MUMBAI 400023 PB0003410 Amount for unclaimed and un 10.00 16‐JAN‐2025 DHIRAJLAL KALYANJI SHETHIA NA C/O KALYANJI MAUJI & CO 55 B S MAINDIA MAHARASHTRA MUMBAI 400023 PD0002161 Amount for unclaimed and un 320.00 16‐JAN‐2025 GIRIDHARI LAL CHUGH NA C/O R K INVESTMENT 117 VEENA CHINDIA MAHARASHTRA MUMBAI 400023 PG0001891 Amount for unclaimed and un 200.00 16‐JAN‐2025 GOPE RAMCHAND LALA NA 311 COMMERCE HOUSE 140 MEDOWINDIA MAHARASHTRA MUMBAI 400023 PG0002036 -
RE Curriculum Overview
RE Curriculum Overview Year Term RE Vocab Key Learning group A religion is a group of people with the same belief Religion, Worship, There are lots of religions in the world Year 1 Autumn 1 Christianity Christianity, Christian, Bible, Religions have special places and items Church, Sacred, Belief. I can begin to explain why the Bible is important in Christianity Some Christians pray and worship in Churches on Sunday, the Christian holy day Christians have one God, who they believe created the world in just six days and continues to watch over it Christians believe that God is everywhere and sees and knows everything Christians believe that Jesus was the son of God, sent down to earth to save people and teach them about God Christians believe that praying to God allows them to say sorry for the things they have done wrong and thank Altar, Pews, Aisle, Cross, Year 1 Autumn 2 Christianity you for their blessings, to pray for other people (for example, for healing) and to pray for his help and strength Stained Glass Windows, for themselves The Nativity Story describes the birth of Jesus Christ Advent is the season before Christmas during which Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus using candles, calendars and wreaths On Christmas Day, Christians exchange gifts (to symbolise Jesus as a gift to mankind) and some go to Church The place of worship for Jewish people is the synagogue, which means ‘meeting place’ in Greek Synagogues are used for worship, which can also happen in other places, meetings and teaching of the Torah Hanukkah celebrates -
The Sixth Nanak - the Eighth Nanak Guru HARGOBIND JI, Guru HAR RAI JI, Guru HAR KRISHAN JI
The Sixth Nanak - The Eighth Nanak Guru HARGOBIND JI, Guru HAR RAI JI, Guru HAR KRISHAN JI August 7, 2018 by dedidated Sewadars of Sri Hemkunt Foundation Inc. INDEX # Title Page The Sixth Nanak (Guru Hargobind ji) 1 Early Life 3 2 Temporal and Spiritual Guru 4 3 Bandi Chhor Diwas 6 4 True King 8 5 Visiting Punjab & Kashmir 9 6 Bibi Kaulan 11 7 Five Battles of Sikhs 12 8 Kiratpur as Residence 15 9 Highlights of Guru Hargobind ji 16 The Seventh Nanak (Guru Har Rai ji) 10 Early Life 18 11 Guru’s Dispensary 19 12 Sikhs’ Love toward Guru ji 20 13 Eternal Happiness 21 14 Invitation from Aurangzeb 22 15 Desertion of Ram Rai 23 16 Passed on the Spiritual Light 25 17 Highlights of Guru Har Rai ji 26 The Eighth Nanak (Guru Har Krishan ji) 18 Guru is a light not a body 28 19 Request for Glimpse 29 20 Humanitarian Work 30 21 Highlights of Guru Har Krishan ji 31 22 References 33 2 1. Early Life Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji was born at village Guru Ki Wadali, Amritsar on June 19, 1595. He was very handsome and the only son of Guru Arjan Dev Sahib ji and Mata Ganga Ji. Physical and spiritual training of Hargobind Singh Ji took place under the able supervision of Baba Buddha ji and Bhai Gurdas ji respectively. Baba Buddha ji taught him martial arts making him an expert in the use of weapons and horse riding. Bhai Paraga and Bhai Ganga Sehgal taught him the art of warfare. -
Heritage Walk Booklet
Vasadhee Saghan Apaar Anoop Raamadhaas Pur || (Ramdaspur is prosperous and thickly populated, and incomparably beautiful.) A quotation from the 5th Guru, Sri Guru Arjan Dev, describing the city of Ramdaspur (Amritsar) in Guru Granth Sahib, on Page No. 1362. It is engraved on north façade of the Town hall, the starting point of Heritage Walk. • Heritage Walk starts from Town Hall at 8:00 a.m. and ends at Entrance to - The Golden Temple 10:00 a.m. everyday • Summer Timing (March to November) - 0800hrs • Winter Timing (December to February) - 0900hrs Evening: 1800 hrs to 2000 hrs (Summer) 1600 hrs to 1800 hrs (Winter) • Heritage Walk contribution: Rs. 25/- for Indian Rs. 75/- for Foreigner • For further information: Tourist Information Centre, Exit Gate of The Amritsar Railway Station, Tel: 0183-402452 M.R.P. Rs. 50/- Published by: Punjab Heritage and Tourism Promotion Board Archives Bhawan, Plot 3, Sector 38-A, Chandigarh 160036 Tel.: 0172-2625950 Fax: 0172-2625953 Email: [email protected] www.punjabtourism.gov.in Ddithae Sabhae Thhaav Nehee Thudhh Jaehiaa || I have seen all places, but none can compare to You. Badhhohu Purakh Bidhhaathai Thaan Thoo Sohiaa || The Primal Lord, the Architect of Destiny, has established You; thus You are adorned and embellished. Vasadhee Saghan Apaar Anoop Raamadhaas Pur || (Ramdaspur is prosperous and thickly populated, and incomparably beautiful.) It is engraved on north façade of the Town hall, the starting point of the Heritage Walk. Vasadhee Saghan Apaar Anoop Raamadhaas Pur || Ramdaspur is prosperous and thickly populated, and incomparably beautiful. Harihaan Naanak Kasamal Jaahi Naaeiai Raamadhaas Sar ||10|| O Lord! Bathing in the Sacred Pool of Ramdas, the sins are washed away, O Nanak. -
Punjab Gk 28
Punjab GK 5 1.) Which sikh guru started the Sangat & Pangat System? A. Guru Amardas ji B. Guru Angad Dev ji C. Guru Arjan Dev ji D. Guru Hargobind Sahib ji 2.) Name the Sikh guru who started the Dasand system? A. Guru Teg Bahadur ji B. Guru Gobind Singh ji C. Guru Arjan Dev ji D. Guru Hargobind Sahib ji 3.) Name the Sikh guru who invented the Taus? A. Guru Teg Bahadur ji B. Guru Gobind Singh ji C. Guru Arjan Dev ji D. Guru Hargobind Sahib ji 4.) PEPSU : Patiala and East Punjab State Union 5.) MC: 10 ( Amritsar, Pathankot, Jalandhar, Phagwara, Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana, Patiala, SAS Nagar Bathinda, Moga) Doubts: What was the childhood name of Guru Gobind Singh ji? Ans- Gobind Das ji / Gobind Rai ji Name the eldest and the youngest Sahibzadas- Ans- Sahibzada Ajit Singh ji, Sahibzada Fateh Singh ji Name the battle in which Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Jujhar Singh was martyrdom- Ans- Batlle of Chamkaur (1704) In which year Guru Gobind Singh ji founded the Khalsa Panth? Ans- 1699, Anandpur Sahib Bachitar Natak is the composition of which Sikh Guru? Guru Gobind Singh ji Which Mughal ruler had a peaceful relation with 10th Sikh Guru? Ans- Bahadur Shah 1 Which Mughal ruler gave the land for building Golden temple? Ans- Akbar Who gold plated the Harminder Sahib? Ans- Maharaja Ranjit Singh Who firstly minted the Sikh coins? Ans- Banda Singh Bahadur What was the childhood name of Baba Banda Singh Bahadur? Ans- Lachhman Dev What was the name adopted by Baba Banda Singh Bahadur after becoming Bairagi Sadhu? Ans- Madho Das Battle of Chapar Chiri was fought -
The Fifth Nanak by Dedicated Sewadars Of
The Fifth Nanak Guru Arjan Sahib Ji September 1, 2019 by dedicated Sewadars of Sri Hemkunt Foundation Inc. INDEX # Title Page 1 Education and Early Life 2 2 A Lesson in Obedience 4 3 Arjan Sahib ji becomes the Fifth Nanak 5 4 Swayye recited by Bards (Bhatt) 7 5 Pride & Greed of Satta & Balwand 8 6 Harmandar Sahib 10 7 Marriage 13 8 Bhai Manjh 14 9 Merely reading Holy Books does not help 16 10 Treat Diseases with Medicine 17 11 Popularity of Sikh Gurus 18 12 Adi Granth Sahib 20 13 Jahangir Arrests Guru Arjan 23 14 Martyrdom 25 15 Highlights of The Fifth Nanak 27 16 World Events (1563 - 1607) 28 17 References 28 1 1. Education and Early Life 1563 AD: The fifth Guru of the Sikhs, (Guru) Arjan Sahib ji was born on April 15, 1563 AD in village Goindwal, Amritsar. He was the youngest of three children of the fourth Nanak, Sri Guru Ramdas ji and mother - Bibi Bhaani ji. (at this time Guru Ramdas ji’s name was Bhai Jetha as he had not assumed the responsibility as the Guru). Bibi Bhaani ji was the younger daughter of the third Nanak - Sri Guru Amardas ji. She is the only woman in Sikh history to have the honor of being a Guru’s daughter, a Guru’s wife and a Guru’s mother. (Guru) Ramdas ji and Bibi Bhaani ji served at Guru’s institution after their marriage and lived at Goindwal. Arjan Dev(1) ji received love and care from his grandfather and also learned to recite sacred hymns. -
Introduction
Introduction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ikh Heritage Month Posters.indd 3 5/21/2014 10:03:14 PM *XUX1DQDN &ROXPEXVODQGVLQWKH$PHULFDV ŧ Gurus /HRQDUGRGD9LQFLSDLQWVWKH0RQD/LVD 0LFKDHODQJHORSDLQWVFHLOLQJRIWKH6LVWLQH&KDSHO *XUX$QJDG ŭ*XUXŮLVGHULYHGIURPguŧGDUNQHVV RI6LNKVSLULWXDODXWKRULW\7KH*XUX ŧ 0DUWLQ/XWKHUSRVWVKLV7KHVHV DQGruŧOLJKW7KXVIRU6LNKVDJXUXLVD *UDQWK6DKLEZDVGHFODUHGWREHWKH*XUX VLQJXODULQVWLWXWLRQJXLGLQJWKHVHHNHU IRUHYHUE\*XUX*RELQG6LQJKLQ IURPLJQRUDQFHWRHQOLJKWHQPHQW7KH *XUX$PDUGDV *XUXLV3HUIHFWLRQIRUD6LNK $OWKRXJKWKHUHZHUHQRORQJHU (OL]DEHWK,LVFURZQHG4XHHQRI(QJODQG ŧ KXPDQ*XUXVWKHG\QDPLFZLVGRP *DOLOHR*DOLOHL :LOOLDP6KDNHVSHDUHDUHERUQ 6LNKVEHOLHYHWKDWWKHVDPHGLYLQHOLJKW -
The Institution of the Akal Takht: the Transformation of Authority in Sikh History
religions Article The Institution of the Akal Takht: The Transformation of Authority in Sikh History Gurbeer Singh Department of Religious Studies, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] Abstract: The Akal Takht is considered to be the central seat of authority in the Sikh tradition. This article uses theories of legitimacy and authority to explore the validity of the authority and legitimacy of the Akal Takht and its leaders throughout time. Starting from the initial institution of the Akal Takht and ending at the Akal Takht today, the article applies Weber’s three types of legitimate authority to the various leaderships and custodianships throughout Sikh history. The article also uses Berger and Luckmann’s theory of the symbolic universe to establish the constant presence of traditional authority in the leadership of the Akal Takht. Merton’s concept of group norms is used to explain the loss of legitimacy at certain points of history, even if one or more types of Weber’s legitimate authority match the situation. This article shows that the Akal Takht’s authority, as with other political religious institutions, is in the reciprocal relationship between the Sikh population and those in charge. This fluidity in authority is used to explain and offer a solution on the issue of authenticity and authority in the Sikh tradition. Keywords: Akal Takht; jathedar; Sikh institutions; Sikh Rehat Maryada; Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC); authority; legitimacy Citation: Singh, Gurbeer. 2021. The Institution of the Akal Takht: The 1. Introduction Transformation of Authority in Sikh History. Religions 12: 390. https:// The Akal Takht, originally known as the Akal Bunga, is the seat of temporal and doi.org/10.3390/rel12060390 spiritual authority of the Sikh tradition. -
Festivals of the Sikh Faith
FESTIVALS OF THE SIKH FAITH Introduction Sikhism is the youngest of the great world faiths. There are 20-22 million Sikhs in the world, tracing the origin of their religion to Punjab, located in present-day Pakistan and northern India. Now the fifth largest in the world, the Sikh religion is strictly monotheistic, believing in one supreme God, free of gender, absolute, all pervading, eternal Creator. This universal God of love is obtained through grace, sought by service to mankind. Sikhism is a belief system that teaches justice, social harmony, peace and equality of all humanity regardless of religion, creed, and race. Sikhism places great value on human life as an opportunity to live the highest spiritual life through their religious commitment to honest living and hard work. Sikhs are students and followers of Guru Nanak (b.1469), the founder of the Sikh religious tradition, and the nine prophet-teachers – called Gurus – who succeeded him. Sikhs have their own divine scriptures collected in the Guru Granth Sahib, written by the Gurus themselves, which today serves as the eternal spiritual guide of the Sikhs. Besides the compositions of the Gurus, it also contains the writings of Hindu and Muslim saints. Sikh Festivals Sikh festivals are called gurpurabhs or days connected with important events in the lives of the Gurus. They are occasions for the re-dedication and revival of the Faith and are celebrated in a spirit of fellowship and devotion. They are usually celebrated at gurdwaras (Sikh place of worship), open to all men and women without distinction of caste, creed or colour. -
The Sixth – Eighth Nanaks
The Sixth Nanak - The Eighth Nanak Guru HARGOBIND JI, Guru HAR RAI JI, Guru HAR KRISHAN JI January 26, 2020 by dedidated Sewadars of Sri Hemkunt Foundation Inc. INDEX # Title Page The Sixth Nanak (Guru Hargobind ji) 1 Early Life 3 2 Temporal and Spiritual Guru 4 3 Bandi Chhor Diwas 6 4 True King 7 5 Visiting Punjab & Kashmir 8 6 Bibi Kaulan 10 7 Five Battles of Sikhs 11 8 Kiratpur as Residence 14 9 Highlights of Guru Hargobind ji 15 The Seventh Nanak (Guru Har Rai ji) 10 Early Life 17 11 Guru’s Dispensary 18 12 Sikhs’ Love toward Guru ji 19 13 Eternal Happiness 20 14 Invitation from Aurangzeb 21 15 Desertion of Ram Rai 22 16 Passed on the Spiritual Light 23 17 Highlights of Guru Har Rai ji 24 The Eighth Nanak (Guru Har Krishan ji) 18 Guru is a light not a body 26 19 Request for Glimpse 26 20 Humanitarian Work 27 21 Highlights of Guru Har Krishan ji 28 22 Significant World Events 28 23 References 29 2 1. Early Life Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji was born at village Guru Ki Wadali, Amritsar on June 19, 1595. He was very handsome and the only son of Guru Arjan Dev Sahib ji and Mata Ganga Ji. Physical and spiritual training of Hargobind Singh Ji took place under the able supervision of Baba Buddha ji and Bhai Gurdas ji respectively. Baba Buddha ji taught him martial arts making him an expert in the use of weapons and horse riding. Bhai Paraga and Bhai Ganga Sehgal taught him the art of warfare.