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Index

Abbey Theatre, 158 Big Birthday, The, 158 Act of Union (1800), 60, 62, 65 Birr, 47 advertising, 33, 66, 72, 88, 118, 120, 122, 123, 124, Boke of Common Praier, 5 148, 149, 212 books Aer Lingus, 138, 159 export from Ireland, 39, 61, 64 Aibidil Gaoidheilge agus Caiticiosma, 6–7, 10, importation to Ireland, 10–11, 15, 16, 61, 154 42, 65 see also printers Ahlstrom, Dick, 204 bookselling, Ireland, 10, 37, 38–9, 41, 53, Aiken, Frank, 145 60, 143–5 almanacs, 15–16, 40–1, 42 Bowman, John, 174 American Mutoscope and Biograph [Film] Boyd, John, 138 Company, 100, 111, 112–13 Brennan, Joseph, 82 Andreessen, Marc, 204 Brooks, Henry, 46 Andrews, Eamonn, 171 Browne, Vincent, 190, 194, 216 Anne, queen of England, 38 Buerk, Michael, 198 Anne Devlin, 195 Bull, Lucien, 105–6 Arbuckle, James, 43, 44, 45 Burke, Ray, 194 Ardmore Studios, 158–9 Burkhead, Henry, 21 ARPANET, 203 Burnell, Henry, 17 Butt, Isaac, 67, 71 Baird, John Logie, 166 Byrne, Gay, 174, 179, 207 Barret, W.F., 103 bazaars, 106 Cailliau, Robert, 204 BBC Callan, County Kilkenny, 153 radio, 131, 132, 133, 137, 159 Callan, Nicholas, 78 television, 167–8 Cambrensis, Giraldus, Topographia BBC, Northern Ireland Hiberniae, 18 radio, 132, 134, 137–8 Cameron Report, 160, 164 television, 162, 168, 214, 223 Carleton, William, 79, 83 Beatty, Francis, 77 Carlow, 47 Beaverbrook, William Maxwell Aitken, Carrickfergus, County Antrim, 36 134, 138 Castlebar, County Mayo, 69 Beckett, Samuel, 143 Catholic Cinema and Theatre Patrons Belfast, 31, 55, 69, 78, 109, 112, 144, 145, 149 Association, 155 Bell, Alexander Graham, 97, 103 Catholic Emancipation, 67 Bell, Sam Hanna, 138 Catholic Truth Society, 138–9, 144 Bellings, Richard, 16 Catholicism Berliner, Emile, 97 and media, 142, 145–6, 156 Berners-Lee, Tim, 204 and print, 9, 13, 14, 21–2, 70, 118, 140, 145–6 Bianconi cars, 73 Cavan, 15 Bible, 2, 5, 10, 14, 15, 42 Cavendish, Frederick, 94

236

Index 237

censorship, 209–10, 215 Dublin Film and Television Productions, 158 films, 154, 156 Dublin Film Society, 154 print, 22, 50, 54, 56, 57, 62, 138–9, 140–3, 180, 216 Dublin Lockout, 123 television, 170 Dublin Theatre Festival, 159 CERN, 204 Dublin Typographical Provident Society, 61 chapbooks, 41 Duffy, James, 83 Charles I, 25 Dun Emer Press, 116 Charles II, 27 Dundalk, County Louth, 70, 144 Childers, Erskine, 153, 201 Dunlop, Andrew, 62 Church of Ireland, and print, 13–14, 15, 19 Dunn, Joe, 176 cinema, 110, 115, 124, 153–9, 195, 206, 218 attendance figures, 153 Easter Rising, 124, 125–8, 130 cinematograph, 108 Eat the Peach, 195 civil rights movement, 160–4, 197 Edison, products, 100, 107, 110, 111, 112–13 Civil War (Ireland), 124, 147 Edison, Thomas, 97, 100, 103 Clandillon, Seamus, 134, 135, 166 Edwards, Hilton, 176, 179 Clarke, Austin, 143 Egan, Patrick, 94, 95 Clifden, County Galway, 129 Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue, 39 Clymer, George, 76 Eisenstein, Elizabeth L., 2 Coleman, Michael, 151–2, 153 Elizabeth i, 6 Coleraine, County Derry, 47 Elliman, Louis, 158 Columbia (record label), 151 email, 203, 209 Comerford, Joe, 218 empire and media, 6, 62, 72, 108, 129 Committee on Evil Literature, 140 Ennis, 47 Communicorp, 211 computer ownership, 205, 224 Famine, 79–80, 82, 84, 90, 200 Connolly, James, 125, 127 Farmer, William, 15 Cork, 9, 11, 22, 30, 35, 47, 48, 69, 85, 117, 118–19, Farrell, Michael, 161, 192 129, 136, 144, 149 Faulkner, William, 143 Cromwell, Oliver, 22, 30 Fenian movement, 87 Crooke, Andrew, 40 Ferguson, Samuel, 71, 76 Cunningham, Bernadette, 18 Fianna Fa´il, 147, 149, 210 Finn, Vincent, 189 Dallas, Alexander R.C., 73 Finucane, Marian, 207 Dalton, Emmet, 158 Fitt, Gerry, 160, 161 Davies, John, Discoverie of the True Causes Why Fitz-Simon, Christopher, 174 Ireland Was Never Entirely Subdued, 11, 18 Flaherty, John, Man of Aran, 158 Davis, Thomas, 80 Foirm na nUrrnuidheadh, 6 de Valera, Eamon, 136, 147, 150–1, 155, 158, 171 Ford, John, The Quiet Man, 114 Declaratory Act (1720), 45 Ford, Patrick, 87 Derry [Londonderry], 47, 149, 160–5 foreign direct investment, 159 Devane, Richard, 140, 155, 156 foreign-language publishing (Ireland), 42 Devoy, John, 95, 127 Foxe, John, Acts and Monuments, 25, 27 Dhonncha, Sea´n ’ac, 151 Franciscan Order, 8 diaspora and media, 86, 87–8, 95, 96, 101, 114, Freud, Sigmund, 143 121, 129, 136, 150, 154, 222 Friel, Brian, 193 documentary film, 156, 158 Friends of the Irish Free State in New York, 134 Dones, Patrick, 11 Froude, J.A., 28 Doolan, Lelia, 183, 218 Dowling, Jack, 178, 183 Gael Linn (record label), 151 Down, 120 Gaelic League, 65, 98, 102, 132, 134, 228 Downpatrick, County Down, 47 Gaisberg, Fred, 101 Drogheda, County Louth, 47, 69, 70 Gallagher, Frank, 147 Dublin, 5, 7, 10, 11, 14, 16, 20, 21, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 109 Gallagher, Rory, 186 Dublin Directory, 41 Galway, 48, 144

238 Index

Gavan Duffy, Charles, 80, 83 ownership, 211 Geldof, Bob, 198 social implications, 213, 222 George II, 46 Invincibles, 94 Gibbons, Luke, 200 Irish Endowed Schools Act, 63 Gillespie, Raymond, 11, 15 Irish Film Board, 195 Gladstone, W.E., 91, 94 Irish Film Society, 154 Glenside, 151 Irish language 132 globalisation, 1, 87, 100, 121, 150, 159, 182, 183, print, 6–7, 9, 10, 42, 65, 98, 118, 145 196, 201–2, 216, 219, 220, 224 radio, 135, 137, 188 and satellite, 198–200 television, 170, 183, 217–18 Gluckman, Leon, 78 Irish Literary Theatre, 228 Goan, Cathal, 217 Gorham, Maurice, 135, 173 Johnston, Denis, 138, 173 gramophone; see phonograph Guests of the Nation, 157 Gray, Edmund Dwyer, 117 Joly, John, 104 Great Eastern, 84 Jones, Henry, 26 Greene, Graham, 143 Jordan, Neil, 195, 218 Grierson, John, 156–7, 158 Angel (US title: Danny Boy), 195 Griffin, Gerald, 69 Michael Collins, 219, 220 Griffith, Arthur, 119, 121 journalism, 32, 35, 52, 67–9, 82, 89, 117, 180 Grubb, Howard, 104 Joyce, James, 115, 143 Guild of St Luke, 37, 43 Gu´m, An, 145 Kalem Film Company, 114 Gutenberg, Johann, 1, 2, 5 Keating, Geoffrey, 17–19 Guthrie, Tyrone, 132 Foras Feasa ar E´irinn, 17–19 Kenny, Pat, 207 Hanmer, Meredith, Chronicle of Ireland, 19 Kerry, 69, 84 Hardy, Philip Dixon, 76 Kildare Place Society, 63 Haughey, Charles, 180, 193 Kilkenny, 11, 21, 47, 48 Hayes Code, 155 Killoran, Paddy, 151 Hayes, Eamon, 162 kinetoscope, 107 Hemingway, Ernest, 143 King’s Printer, 11 Henderson, Brum, 183 Knox, L.E., 88 Henry VIII, 5 Ko¨nig, William, 76 Heron, Denis Caulfield, 87 Hickson, Mary, 28 Larkin, James, 123 Higgins, Michael D., 206, 210, 213 Lawrence, D.H., 143 Hill, John, 219 Lawrence, William, 106 HMV, 151 Le Fanu, J.S., 71 Holinshed, Raphael, Chronicles, 18 Lecky, J.E.H., 28 Home is the Hero, 158 legislation Home Rule, 91, 118 broadcasting, 133, 138, 156, 169, 170–1, 191–2, Horgan, John, 171, 180, 192, 208 194–5, 206–7, 209–10, 215 Howard, Ron, Far and Away, 114 copyright, 38, 60–2 Hutcheson, Francis, 42, 44 influence of print on, 6, 11–12, 33, 43, 67 Huxley, Aldous, 143 legal instruments (media) Hyde, Douglas, 98, 100, 134–5, 136, 217 Broadcasting and Wireless Telegraphy Act (1988), 194, 206 Independent News and Media, 210, 211, 212 Broadcasting Authority Act (1960), 170–1 Independent Radio and Television Commission, Broadcasting Bill (2008), 222 195, 207 Censorship of Films Act (1923), 156 information society, 201, 206 Censorship of Publications Act (1929), Intel, 202, 206 138–9, 140–3, 155, 156, 180 internet Directive on Broadcasting (1989), 215 development, 203–5, 209 Green Paper on Broadcasting, 213

Index 239

patents, royal, 6, 11, 14, 37 McManus, Henry, Reading the ‘Nation’, 80 Radio and Television Act (1988), 195 Mercier, Vivian, 147, 149 Section 31, Broadcasting Act (1960), 171, Merriman, Bryan, 143 191–2, 209–10 Messingham, Thomas, 9 Sound Broadcasting Act (1988), 206 Microsoft, 206 Stamp Taxes, 61, 62, 65, 66, 69, 88 Mitchel, John, 80, 82, 83 Television Act (1954), 169 Mitchell, Sagar, and James Kenyon, 108 White Paper on Wireless Broadcasting Molesworth, Robert, 1st Viscount, 43 (1923), 133, 138, 214 Montgomery, James, 156 libel, 66, 67 Moore, Gordon, 202 print, 5, 6, 11, 21, 37, 39, 41, 60–1, 65, 66, Moore’s Law, 202 138–9, 148, 171 Moran, D.P., 119 see also censorship Morrison, James, 151 Lemass, Sean, 169, 171 Morse, Samuel, 84 Lever, Charles, 71 Munter, Robert, 39, 44 Library of Ireland, 83 Murphy, William Martin, 122–4, 148 Limerick, 11, 47, 49 Musgrave, Richard, 28 Linotype, 117 music, Irish literacy, 15, 57, 62, 64–5, 80 rock, 186–7 literary coteries, and print, 17, 44, 115, 145–6 traditional, 99, 101, 151–3, 187, 229 literature, and print, 16–17, 42, 44, 115, 143, Muybridge, Eadweard, 105, 106 145–6 Myerscough, John, The Arts and the Northern Little, P.J., 138 Ireland Economy, 218 Little Bird Productions, 220 Loach, Ken, The Wind that Shakes the Barley, 220 National Union of Journalists in Ireland, 192 London, 31, 32, 33, 44, 51, 52, 72, 74, 84 nationalism Leuven, 8, 9–10, 17 cinema, 156–9 Lucas, Charles, 45–7, 68 media, 90, 96, 129, 138–9, 160–5 Lumie`re, Auguste and Louis, 108 print, 45, 46, 50, 82, 92, 117, 138–9 radio, 125–8, 132–3, 135, 138–9, 203, 229 Mac Aingil, Aodh, 9 telegraph, 88, 227 Mac Reamoinn, Se´an, 174 Neilson, Samuel, 59 Macklin, Charles, 3 Nelson, Ted, 204 Magee, John, 66 New York, 51, 52, 85, 86, 95, 127, 134, 151, 152 magic lantern, 106–7 Newry, 69 Mangan, James Clarence, 70, 71 newsbooks, 6–7, 25 manuscript culture, 14–15, 17–18, 19, 28, 39, 98 newsletters, manuscript, 19–20, 24, 25, 31, 36 manuscripts and Irish language, 8, 12, 21 newspapers Marconi Company, 131, 134–5 Belfast Marconi, Guglielmo, 124, 128 Belfast [Evening] Telegraph, 86, 116, 149, 161, Marey, Etienne-Jules, 105 185, 212 market Belfast Newsletter, 39, 48, 77, 116, 149, 163, 185 electronic media, 97, 108, 115, 133, 146–7, 157 Irish News, 149, 163–4, 185 print, 5, 6, 11, 15, 38–40, 47, 52, 64, 77, 139, Northern Star, 47, 55–9, 60, 65, 68, 81–2 146–7 Phoblacht, An/Republican News, 192–3 Marshall, George, 137 Cork Marx, Karl, 88 Cork Accent, The, 118, 119 materialist historiography, 4 Cork Evening Post, 48 Maunsel and Company, 115 Cork Examiner, later, Irish Examiner (Cork) McAuliffe, James, 102, 229 69, 149, 185, 208 McCann, Eamonn, 160 Cork Free Press, 119 McCormack, John, 101 Cork Journal, 48 McGahern, John, 143 Irish Monthly Mercury, 22, 30, 32 McKitterick, David, 17 Volunteer Journal, 50, 51 McLuhan, Marshall, 127 development, 22, 28, 30, 45

240 Index

newspapers (cont.) Pue’s Impartial Occurrences, 34, 35, 47 distribution, 39, 49, 50, 57, 69–70, 80, 116, Republic, The, 119 120, 124, 138, 148, 184–5, 212 Saunder’s Newsletter, 47 Dublin Sinn Fe´in, 119 Alarm Bell, The, 46 Sunday Independent, 160, 185 Ballymun News, 184 Sunday Press, 185 Censor Extraordinary, 46 Sunday Tribune, 194 Chief Occurrences in Ireland, 30, 31 Sunday World, 185 Comet, 70 Telegraph, 86 Constitution, 60 Theatrical Observer, 70 Correspondent, 66 Tickler, The, 46 Daily Express, 86, 89, 94, 116 Union, The, 120 Dalton’s Impartial Newsletter, 36 United Ireland, 90, 92, 118 Diverting Post, 36 United Irishman, 82, 120; also 119 Dublin Courant, The, 36 Volunteer Evening Post, 50, 51, 52, 54 Dublin Evening Mail, 65, 70, 71, 128 Whalley’s Flying Post, 33 Dublin Evening Post, 51, 66 Limerick Dublin Gazette, The, 32, 37 Limerick Chronicle, 48, 49, 69 Dublin Intelligence, 31, 32–3, 37 Limerick Gazette, 69 Dublin Morning Post, 72 Limerick Journal, 48 Dublin Post, 35 Limerick Leader, 116 Dublin Weekly Journal, 43–5, 71 Limrick News-Letter, 48 Evening Herald, 119, 185 Munster Journal, 49 Evening Press, 185 London Flying Post, The, 31, 35, 36, 37 Bell’s Messenger, 72 Freeman’s Journal, 46, 47, 71, 92, 94, 95, 116, Cobbett’s Register, 72 117–18, 119, 121, 150 Daily Courant, 34 Hunter’s Dublin Chronicle, 47 Daily Express, 138 Irish Catholic, 122 Daily Mail, 122, 138 Irish Daily Star, 212 Daily News, 89 Irish Felon, 82 Times, The, 72, 76, 79, 89, 91–6, 160 Irish Independent, 119, 122, 138, 147–8, 149, Union, The, 120 185, 210 longevity, 30, 31, 45, 48, 70, 116 Irish People, The, 87 Galway Irish Press, 147–8, 149, 212 Connacht Sentinel, 150 Irish Statesman, 136, 138 Connacht Tribune, 116, 150 Irish Sun, 212 Connaught Journal, 48, 70 Irish Times, 88, 94, 116, 119, 121, 147, 148–9, other Irish newspapers 185, 194, 210 Aegis (Castlebar), 69 Irish Tribune, 82 Anglo-Celt (Cavan), 117 Irish Weekly Independent, 122, 123–4 Carlow Nationalist (Carlow), 116, 117 Irish Worker, The, 123–4 Chute’s Western Herald (Tralee), 69 Irish World and Industrial Advocate, 124 Clare Champion (Ennis), 116 Irishman, 82 Clonmel Gazette (Clonmel), 50 Leader, The, 119 Connaught Telegraph (Castlebar), 69 Metro E´ireann, 221 County Down Spectator (Bangor), 117 Morning Register, 68, 70 Derry Journal (Derry), 160 News Letter, The, 31, 32, 37 Drogheda Argus (Drogheda), 69 News of the World (Irish Edition), Drogheda Conservative Journal 138–9, 159 (Drogheda), 70 Stewart’s Telegraphic Despatch, 86 Dundalk Patriot (Dundalk), 70 Nation, The, 47, 80–3, 96 Ennis Chronicle (Ennis), 69 Pilot, 70 Enniscorthy Guardian (Enniscorthy), 92 Polska Gazeta, 221 Finn’s Leinster Journal (Kilkenny), 48, 49 Press, The, 56, 60 Irish Peasant (Navan), 121

Index 241

Kerryman, The (Tralee), 116, 150 O’Connor, Arthur, 56, 59, 60 Kerry Evening Post, 69, 92 O’Connor, Frank, 143, 144, 145, 157 Kilkenny People (Kilkenny), 211 O’Faolain, Nuala, 209, 219 Leinster Leader (Kildare), 92 O’Faolain, Sean, 138, 143, 144 Londonderry Sentinel, 149 O’Fihely, Maurice, 9 Longford Leader (Longford), 116, 117 O’Flaherty, Liam, 143 Mayo Constitution (Castlebar), 69, 82 O’Laoghaire, Liam, 154, 157 Mayo News (Westport), 116 O’Neill, Terence, 164 Meath Chronicle (Navan), 116, 117 O’Reilly, Anthony, 211 Midland Tribune (Birr), 92 O’Reilly, John Boyle, 87 Munster Express (Waterford), 92 O’Shea, Katherine, 91 Nationalist (Clonmel), 211 O’Sullivan, Seamus, 144, 145 Newry Telegraph (Newry), 69 O’Sullivan, Thaddeus, December Bride, 219 Roscommon Champion, 150 O’Toole, Fintan, 187, 190 Skibbereen Eagle (Skibbereen), 119 Olcott, Sidney, Lad from Old Ireland, 114 Sligo Champion (Sligo), 69, 92 Omagh, County Tyrone, 153 Sligo Journal (Sligo), 48 Ong, Walter, 136 Southern Star (Skibbereen), 116, 117 oral culture, 37, 42, 57, 80, 101, 115, 136, Telegraph (Castlebar), 69, 86 150, 153 Tipperary Advocate (Tipperary), 92 orature, 4, 8, 12, 17–18, 24, 28, 98–9 Tuam Herald (Tuam), 82 Orbinson, Kenneth, 162–3 Ulster Gazette (Armagh), 120 Otway, Caesar, 71, 76 Waterford Chronicle, 69 Western People (Ballina), 116, 208 Paddy’s Resource, 57 Wicklow People (Wicklow), 116 Paisley, Ian, 212 rest of world pamphlets, 14, 21, 25, 43, 46, 184 Southern Cross (Buenos Aires), 87, 121 paper, 39, 48, 76 size and frequency, 31, 33–5, 39, 46, 55, 70, 71, Paris, 9, 51, 55–6, 86, 108 80, 88, 121, 122, 123, 181 Parlophone, 150, 151 USA Parnell, Charles Stewart, 91–6, 118 Chicago Tribune (Chicago), 164 Parsons, William, 3rd Earl of Rosse, 78 Gaelic American (New York), 115, 122 partition and media, 136, 138, 149 Hibernia (Boston), 121 Peel, Robert, 66 Irish World (New York), 87, 92, 94, 95 Penguin [publishing company], 144 Leader, The (San Francisco), 121 periodicals Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles), 164 Arrow, The, 116 New York Herald (New York), 95 Bell, The, 144, 145, 146–7, 157 New York Tribune (New York), 95 Blackwood’s, 71 Pilot (Boston), 87 Bolg an tSolair, 57 United Irishman (New York), 121 Catholic Magazine, 71 Washington Post (Washington), 164 Comhar, 145 see also periodicals Dublin Journal of Medical and Chemical news-sheets, 34, 35 Science, 71 Northcliffe Revolution, 122, 138, 148 Dublin Literary Gazette, 71 Northern Ireland, conflict and media, 137–8, 183, Dublin Magazine, 144, 145 184–5, 191–2, 192–3, 195, 197, 209–10 Dublin Opinion, 148 Dublin Photographic Journal, 78 O´ Ciosa´in, Niall, 41 Dublin University Magazine, 71–2, 78, 79 O´ hEoghusa, Giolla Brighde, 8 Ecclesiastical Bulletin, 140 O’Brien, Conor Cruise, 146, 191 Edinburgh Review, 71 O’Brien, Denis, 211 Envoy, 145 O’Brien, Gay, 162 Farmer’s Gazette, 71 O’Brien, William, 90, 117–18 Feasta, 145 O’Casey, Sean, 143, 144 Fortnight, 185 O’Connell, Daniel, 66, 70, 74 Furrow, The, 157

242 Index

periodicals (cont.) eighteenth century Hibernia, 190 Byrne, Patrick, 61 Hot Press, 189, 190 Carson, James, 43, 45 In Dublin, 190 Carter, Cornelius, 31, 35, 36 Inniu´, 145 Coulter, James, 47 Ireland Today, 144, 145 Dunton, John, 37 Irish Homestead, 116 Faulkner, George, 40 Irish Monthly Magazine, 145, 146–7, 155, 157 Fuller, Samuel, 41 Irish Monthly Magazine of Politics and Grierson, Constantia, 49 Literature, 71 Hicks, Catherine, 41 Irish Penny Journal, 76–7 Joy, Francis, 48 Irish Radio Journal, 132 Neill, Patrick, 47 Irish Radio Review, 132 Nelson, Oliver, 43 Irish Radio Trader, 132 Ray, Joseph, 37 Irish Railway Gazette, 74 Rhames, Aaron, 27, 36 Irish Rosary, 154–5 Sandys, Edwin, 33 Journal of Geological Society of Ireland, 71 Wilson, Peter, 41 Magill, 190 Wogan, Patrick, 54 Medical Press, 71 Proceedings of the United Irishmen of Dublin, 52 Phoenix, The, 190 Professor Tim, 158 Protestant Penny Magazine, 71 Promio, Jean Alexandre Louis, 109 Racing Calendar, 71 proselytising and print, 10, 13–15, 65, 73 Rann, 145 Proust, Marcel, 143 Shanachie, The, 115 public-service broadcasting, 133, 170, 213–14, 223 Sporting Calendar, 71 public sphere, 23, 30, 45, 59, 178 Studies, 156, 157 Pyle, Fergus, 162 Temperance Gazette, 71 see also newspapers Quinn, Bob, 183, 191, 218 Phillips, James, 38 Budawanny, 195 phonograph, 98, 99–103, 107, 115, 124; see also recording industry radio photography, 111, 114, 124 commercial, 133–4, 207, 212 development of, 77–8, 97, 104, 105, 106 DAB, 222 Pius XI, 155 development, 128–9, 131–8, 181, 206–7 Plunkett, James, 173 internet, 222 Porter, Edwin S., Kathleen Mavoureen, 113 local, 207–8 postal system, Ireland, 31, 33, 35, 36, 49, 58, 64, pirate, 186, 187–9, 206 73, 82, 89 public-service broadcasting, 133 print stations early history, 1, 5 2BE; see BBC, Northern Ireland geographical distribution, 47, 61 2RN; see RTE´ introduction to Ireland, 5–7 Capital Radio, 207 technologies, 75–7, 116, 122, 123, 138 Downtown Radio, 211 printers and booksellers, Ireland Lyric FM, 207 sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Ireland Radio Athlone, 136–7 Bladen, William, 20 Radio Caroline, 186, 189 Bourke, Thomas, 21 Radio Luxembourg, 135, 159 Crooke, Andrew, 40 Raidio´ na Gaeltachta, 188 Dunton, John, 37 Radio Nova, 189 Enos, Walter, 21 Saor Raidio´ Chonamara, 188 Franckton, John, 11, 14, 16 Sunshine Radio, 189, 194 Kearney, John, 6, 10 see also BBC, RTE´ Kearney, William, 10 Radio E´ireann Authority, 170 Powell, Humphrey, 5, 10 railways, 73–5, 79, 84, 86, 122 Ray, Joseph, 37 and cinema, 111–12, 114

Index 243

Rebellion of 1641, 20, 24 steamships, 73, 79, 121, 130 depositions, 26, 28 Steinbeck, John, 143 Rebellion of 1798, 66 Stephens, Thomas, 52 recording industry, 98, 99–103, 107, 115, 124, 150, Stokes, Niall, 189 151, 186–7 Stokes, Whitley, 65 Reformation and print, 2, 6 Stoney, G. Johnston, 104 Reith, John, 134–5 Stopes, Marie, 142 religion Sullivan, John, 118 and print, 13–14, 71, 140, 142 Sullivan, T.D., 121 and television, 179 Swift, Jonathan, 38, 42 Repeal Association, 81 Drapier’s Letters, 45, 46 Reading Rooms, 80 Synge, J.M., 115, 158, 176 republicanism, 59 Reuter, Julius, 89 technological determinism, 2 Rheims, 9 Telefı´sE´ireann; see RTE´ Rider, John, 13, 14, 21 telegraph, 83–6, 87, 90, 94, 96, 99, 106, 114, 115, Robinson, Lennox, 133 128, 203, 227 Rockett, Kevin, 113, 158 impact on newspapers, 88–90, 121, 123 Rosslare, County Wexford, 129 telephone, 104, 115, 124, 198–200, 203, 206 Roth, Edward, 171 mobile telephones, 223 Royal Dublin Society, 103, 104, 107 telescopes, 78, 104 RTE´, 174 television radio, 134, 136–7, 157, 159 broadcasters Radio 2, 188 ABC, 164 RTE´2, 189 CBS, 164 television, 162, 166, 213–14, 223 Channel 6, 223 television programming, 174–80, 189 NBC, 164 Russell, George, 136, 138 Sky, 214 Russell, W.H., 88 Telefı´s na Gaelige, 217–18 Ryan, Eamon, 222 TG4, 217–18 TV3, 211, 223 Sally’s Irish Rogue, 159 UTV (Ulster Television), 162, 169, 211 Scottish Radio Holdings, 211 cable, 208–9, 215 Seanchas Mo´r, 8 commercial, 211 Shagan, Ethan, 25 digital terrestrial, 211, 221–2 Shaw, G.B., 143, 144 internet, 222 Sheridan, Jim, 218 programmes Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 66 Hall’s Pictorial Weekly, 214 Shirley, James, 6, 16–17 Late Late Show, The, 178–80, 214, 222 Sibthorp, Christopher, 14–15, 21 Nighthawks, 214 Sidney, Henry, 6 Radharc, 178 Sidney, Philip, Arcadia, 16 Riordans, The, 177 Sinclair, Betty, 161 Ros na Ru´n, 217 Sinn Fein, 147 Tolka Row, 176–7 Sligo, 48, 69 satellite, 181, 197–200, 214, 221, 223 SMS (text) messaging, 224 social impact, 171–3, 177–80 Smyllie, Robert, 148–9 spread of, 174, 181–2 Speed, John, History of Great Britaine, 18 technological development, 166, 181 Spenser, Edmund, Short View of the Present State and theatre, 176–7 of Ireland, 18, 19 see also RTE´ and BBC Spirit of the Nation, 83 telex, 193 Stanhope, Charles, 3rd Earl, 75 Telstar satellite, 181 Stationers’ Company, 6, 14, 15, 16 Temple, John Staunton, Michael, 68 The Irish Rebellion, 26–8, 36 steam, 84, 90 Thanhouser [Film] Company, 114

244 Index

theatre Viney, Michael, 180 and cinema, 113, 158–9 Volta, Alessandro, 84 and print, 17 Volunteer movement, 31, 50–4, 81 and television, 176–7 Thin Lizzy, 186 Walsh, J.J., 127, 133 This Other Eden, 158 War of Independence, 124, 131 Thom’s Directory, 41 Ware, James, 19 Thuente, Mary Helen, 57 Warwick Film Company, 112 time, standardised, 86–7 Washington, George, 52 Tomelty, Joseph Waterford, 11, 21, 47, 48, 69 The McCooeys, 138 Watson, John, 40 Tone, Wolfe, 57 Webb, Alfred, 28 Touhey, Patsy, 102 Wells, H.G., 143 translation, and print, 6, 9, 42, 145 Welsh, Andrew, 48, 49 transnational media, 221 Wexford, 47 Trinity College, Dublin, 10 Whelan, Kevin, 57 Tubridy, Ryan, 207 Whitaker, T.K., Industrial Development, 159 typeface, Irish 6, 10 White, Harry, 99 White, Jack, 173 U2, 197 William III, 32 Unionism wireless telegraphy, 124, 125, 127 media, 169 and news reporting, 128 print, 70, 119, 148, 149, 212 telegraph, 74 Yeats, Elizabeth, 116 United Irishmen, 56–9, 60, 81 Yeats, W.B., 98, 115, 116, 119, 228 Ussher, James, 11 Youghal, County Cork, 47 Young Gentleman’s Universal Spelling Book, 31 Venice, 31 Young Ireland movement, 81 Victoria, 112 YouTube, 222 video recorders, 195 Vigilanti Cura, 155, 156, 169, 172 zoopraxiscope, 106