Global Security in the Age of Hybrid Conflict Cyber Threats and Cyber Influence Operations
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Global Security in the Age of Hybrid Conflict Cyber Threats and Cyber Influence Operations proceedings of the 35th international workshop on global security Mrs. Florence Parly Minister of the Armed Forces of France Lieutenant General Patrick Destremau Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies Major General Jean-Christophe Cardamone Deputy Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon Workshop Chairman and Founder Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A. Editor Cover image Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris Published by Center for Strategic Decision Research | Strategic Decisions Press 2456 Sharon Oaks Drive, Menlo Park, California 94025 USA www.csdr.org Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A., Editor | [email protected] Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Chairman | [email protected] Photography by Matteo Pellegrinuzzi | [email protected] International Standard Book Number: 1-890664- © 2017, 2018, 2019 Center for Strategic Decision Research Workshop Proceedings Anne D. Baylon, LL.B., M.A. Editor workshop Patron Mrs. Florence Parly Minister of the Armed Forces of France Theme Global Security in the Age of Hybrid Conflict Cyber Threats and Cyber Influence Operations honorary chairmen Lieutenant General Patrick Destremau Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN) Major General Jean-Christophe Cardamone Deputy Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN) Workshop Chairman & Founder Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon Co-Director, Center for Strategic Decision Research Presented by Center for Strategic Decision Research (CSDR); Institute for Higher Defence Studies (IHEDN) within the French Prime Minister’s Organization; and General Directorate for International Relations and Strategy (DGRIS), French Ministry of the Armed Forces Principal Sponsors NATO Public Diplomacy Division French Ministry of Defense U.S. Department of Defense technology partner Panda Security Major Sponsors McAfee, Fujitsu, MITRE, CiSQ, Area SpA Associate Sponsors NCI, Karakawa Foundation Peace, AXA, CybExer Technologies The35th International Workshop on Global Security is presented by the Center for Strategic Decision Research (CSDR), the Institute for Higher Defence Studies (IHEDN), and the General Directorate for International Relations and Strategy (DGRIS), with the sponsorship of the following governments and organizations: with the sponsorship of the following governments and organizations: Center for Strategic Decision Research MINISTÈRE UNITED STATES DE LA DÉFENSE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Net Assessment Technology partner major sponsors ASSOCIATE sponsors Karakawa Foundation Peace acknowledgements of past host and sponsoring governments Czech Republic Kingdom of the Netherlands Ministry of Defense of France Kingdom of Denmark Kingdom of Norway Ministry of Defense of Italy Federal Republic of Germany Republic of Poland Ministry of Defense of Turkey Republic of Greece Republic of Portugal Canadian Armed Forces Republic of Hungary Ministry of Defense of Austria Russian Ministry of Industry, Science, and Technology With Appreciation Mrs. Florence Parly Minister of the Armies Lt. Gen Patrick Destremau Dr. Antonio Missiroli Director, Institut des hautes NATO Assistant Secretary General études de défense national for Emerging Security Challenges Mr. Jose Sancho Chairman, Panda Security Technology Partner TOP row: The 35th International Workshop on Global Security takes place in the Grand Salon of the Invalides National Monument, the formal council chamber of King Louis XIV. MIDDLE row, left: Lieutenant General Ludwig Leinhos, Chief of the German Cyber and Information Domain Service. center: Lieutenant General Patrick Destremau, Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies (IHEDN). right: Brigadier General Didier Tisseyre, Deputy Cybercommander, French Ministry of the Armed Forces. bottom row, left to right: Ms. Anne D. Baylon, Co-Director, Center for Strategic Decisions Research (CSDR); Dr. Linton Wells II, Executive Advisor, George Mason University; Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Workshop Chairman; Professor Yuki N. Karakawa (Disaster Medicine), IAEM Ambassador (US Civil Defense Council); Ingénieur Général Jean-Christophe Cardamone, Deputy Director, Institute for Higher National Defence Studies; Captain Philippe Charton, Cyber Operations Head, NATO Communications and Information Agency (NCIA). TOP left: Mr. Emmanuel Chiva, Director, Innovation Agency, French Ministry of the Armed Forces. center: Mr. Jose Sancho, Chairman Panda Security and Technology Partner of the 35th International Workshop. right: Dr. Antonio Missiroli, NATO Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges. MIDDLE ROW: Lunch hosted by the Workshop’s Technology Partner, Panda Security, in the Salle Turenne of the Invalides, the former dining room of the veterans of King Louis XIV who were lodged in the Invalides. BOTTOM ROW, left: Ms. Lori Scherer, Vice President for Intelligence Portfolios, The MITRE Corporation.center: Mr. B. Edwin Wilson, US Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber Policy right: Ms. Michele Markoff, Deputy Coordinator for Cyber Issues, US Department of State. TOP: Ms. Caroline Baylon, Security Research Lead, Strategy, Research, and Threat Horizon, AXA; Major General Tatsuhiro Tanaka (ret.), National Security Laboratory, Fujitsu System Integration Laboratories; Mr. Maurice Cashman, Director, Enterprise Architects, EMEA, McAfee; Mr. Donald Proctor, Former Senior Vice President, Cisco Systems. MIDDLE left: Mr. Goran Gotev, Senior Manager, EU Government Affairs, Symantec Corporation; Mr. Chris Hutchins, Managing Director, Public Policy, EMEA, McAfee; Mr. Raj Samani, McAfee Fellow & Chief Scientist, McAfee. right: Mr. Christian Després, Studies and Research, French Ministry for the Ecological and Solidarity Transition; Mr. Xavier Carton, Deputy Director of Information Systems, Réseau de Transport d’Electricité (RTE). Bottom left: Dr. Josef Schröfl, Deputy Director, The European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (CoE); Mr. Thomas Gann, Chief Public Policy Officer and Head of Government Relations, McAfee. right: Professor Frederick Douzet, Director of the GEODE (Geopolitics of the Datasphere), University of Paris 8; Ambassador Jiří Šedivý, Permanent Representative of the Czech Republic to NATO; former Defense Minister; Ambassador Luis de Almeida Sampaio, Permanent Representative of Portugal to NATO. TOP left: Ambassador Kàroly Dan, Ambassador of Hungary to the OSCE; Chair of the IWG Cyber Group; Mr. Wolfram von Heynitz, Head, Cyber Policy Coordination Staff, German Federal Foreign Office.right: Mr. Jan Lindner, Vice President, Northern Continental Europe, Panda Security; Captain Philippe Charton, Cyber Operations Head, NATO Communications and Information Agency. MIDDLE, from left to right: Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Workshop Chairman; Dr. Antonio Missiroli, NATO Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges; Mr. B. Edwin Wilson, US Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber Policy; Ms. Simona Cojocaru, General Director for Defense Policy, Romanian Ministry of Defense. BOTTOM left: Mr. Andrea Formenti, Founder and Owner, Area SpA; Mr. Paul Camille Bentz, Consortium for IT Software Quality (CISQ); Mr. David Norton, Managing Director, Consortium for IT Software Quality (CISQ). right: Mr. Ludovic Chaker, Advisor to the Private Office of the President of the Republic; Professor Frederick Douzet, Director of the GEODE (Geopolitics of the Datasphere), University of Paris 8; Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon, Workshop Chairman. TOP left: Mr. Jānis Sārts, Director, NATO Strategic Communications Center of Excellence, Latvia. right: Colonel Jaak Tarien, Director, NATO Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence, Estonia; Dr. Jamie Shea, Senior Fellow, Friends of Europe; Former NATO Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Emerging Security Challenges; Mr. Brian Abe, Technical Director, National Cybersecurity FFRDC, The MITRE Corporation; Mr. David Norton, Managing Director, Consortium for IT Software Quality (CISQ). SECOND ROW, left: Mr. Eduart Biasizzo, Institutional Relations, Area SpA. center: Ms. Isabelle Valentini, Deputy to the Cybercommander, French Joint Defense Staff; Ms. Merle Maigre, Executive Vice President, CybExer Technologies. right: Prof. Dr. Holger Mey, Vice President, Advanced Concepts, Airbus Defence and Space. THIRD ROW, left: Colonel Jean-Dominique Nollet, Director of the Centre de lutte contre les criminalités numériques (C3N), French Gendarmerie Nationale; Ingénieur Général des Mines Henri Serres, French Ministry for the Economy and Finance. right: Mr. Mark Hall, Senior Advisor, Fujitsu System Integration Laboratories; Mr. Koichi Kawasaki, Manager, Fujitsu System Integration Laboratories. BOTTOM left: Ambassador István Kovács, Senior Advisor, NATO Strategic Communications Center of Excellence, Latvia; Former Hungarian Ambassador to NATO. center: Dr. Thornike Gordadzé, Lecturer, Sciences Po Paris and Institute of Political Studies of Lille; Former Secretary of State of Georgia. right: Ingénieur Général des Mines Antoine-Tristan Mocilnikar, Defense, Security, and Economic Intelligence Service, French Ministry for the Ecological and Solidarity Transition. Patron of the 34th International Workshop Mrs. Florence Parly Minister of the Armies Table of Contents OVERVIEW Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon Workshop Chairman & Director, Center for Strategic Decision Research 5 OPENING KEYNOTES Lieutenant General Patrick Destremau Director, Institut des hautes